CN106399858A - Low-density Ti3Al strengthened super-strength steel and preparing method thereof - Google Patents
Low-density Ti3Al strengthened super-strength steel and preparing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106399858A CN106399858A CN201610875321.5A CN201610875321A CN106399858A CN 106399858 A CN106399858 A CN 106399858A CN 201610875321 A CN201610875321 A CN 201610875321A CN 106399858 A CN106399858 A CN 106399858A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/38—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/26—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with niobium or tantalum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/28—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with titanium or zirconium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/32—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with boron
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/34—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/16—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of other metals or alloys based thereon
Abstract
The invention relates to low-density Ti3Al strengthened super-strength steel and a preparing method thereof, and belongs to the field of metal materials. The chemical components of the steel comprise, by mass percent, 0.5% to 1.5% of C, 15% to 30% of Mn, 5% to 10% of Al, 5% to 20% of Ti, not larger than 5% of Cr, not larger than 0.2% of Nb, not larger than 2% of Si, not larger than 0.6% of B and the balance Fe and inevitable impurities. Through adding of Ti, Ti3Al is formed, the Ti3Al and k-carbide can jointly generate precipitation strengthening, the steel has the super-high strength and the good plasticity while the density is effectively reduced, the tensile strength reaches above 1350MPa, the ductility reaches above 10%, the density ranges from 6.5 g/cm<3> to 6.9 g/cm/<3>, and the manufacturing requirement of automobile structural parts is met.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of low-density Ti3Al strengthens unimach and preparation method thereof.Belong to metal material field.
Background technology
With the day by day popularization of energy-saving and emission-reduction green idea, mitigating automotive dead weight has become the theme of current market development.
Substitute common iron using high strength steel, the specific strength (intensity and density ratio) of steel can be improved, thus mechanical property can ensured
While reduce needed for steel plate thickness, realize vehicle body loss of weight.The method that another kind effectively improves steel specific strength is to maintain
Pass through while high intensity to add alloy in lightweight element al, reduce the density of steel.This approach can further improve steel
Specific strength, therefore exploitation have high intensity concurrently and low-density steel be realize light-weighted urgently required.
The main design thought of low density steel is to reduce the density of steel by adding Al element, then by adding Mn, C etc.
Other alloying elements carry out optimizing components, in conjunction with rational preparation technology, obtain low-density high-strength steel.Main employing at present
Component system is Fe-Mn-Al-C system, and tensile strength can only achieve 1200MPa, and density is up to 6.8g/cm3.
Improving intensity further is the subject matter that Fe-Mn-Al-C system low density steel faces.A kind of solution route is
Add other alloying elements, improve intensity using solution strengthening or precipitation strength.A kind of existing low-density high-ductility NiAl increases
Strong unimach, mainly relies on and adds Ni element formation NiAl to improve the tensile strength of steel so as to tensile strength reaches
More than 1350MPa, but the density of Ni is 8.9g/cm3, higher than the density (7.8g/cm of steel3), and be unfavorable for reducing the close of steel
Degree.Accordingly, it is desirable to provide one kind is while possessing superhigh intensity, low-density Fe-Mn-Al-C system steel also can drop further.
Content of the invention
In view of this, an object of the present invention is to provide a kind of low-density Ti3Al strengthens unimach, this superelevation
Strength steel, while effective reduction density, is remarkably improved tensile strength, and keeps good plasticity, can meet vehicle structure
The manufacture demand of part.The second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of low-density Ti3Al strengthens the preparation method of unimach.
For realizing the purpose of the present invention, now provide technical scheme below：
A kind of low-density Ti3Al strengthens unimach, and its chemical composition mass percent is：C 0.5-1.5wt%, Mn
15-30wt%, Al 5-10wt%, Ti 5-20wt%, Cr≤5wt%, Nb≤0.2wt%, Si≤2wt%, B≤0.6wt%,
Remaining is Fe and inevitable impurity.
A kind of low-density Ti of the present invention3Al strengthens the preparation method of unimach, specifically includes following steps：
(1) smelt：Weigh by the chemical composition mass percent of unimach of the present invention and choose raw material, carry out true
Empty melting：Raw material is loaded in stove, is evacuated to vacuum<During 50Pa, heating makes raw material be completely melt and weld pool surface depletion of QI
After bubble overflows, in vacuum<1Pa, temperature is that when 1600-1700 DEG C, insulation carries out refine in 30 minutes -2 hours, after abundant deoxidation
Carry out alloying under argon protection, then pour into a mould and cooling obtains steel ingot under vacuo；Carry out remelting again：Steel ingot is put into stove
Interior, logical argon protection, pressure is 100-150Pa, is incubated 2-5 hour after being heated to being completely melt, cooling obtains the steel after remelting
Ingot.
(2) Homogenization Treatments：When temperature is not higher than 600 DEG C, the steel ingot after remelting is loaded in stove, be 1160- in temperature
When 1220 DEG C, it is incubated 8-20 hour, cools to the steel ingot after room temperature obtains Homogenization Treatments with the furnace.
(3) forge：Steel ingot after Homogenization Treatments is forged, initial forging temperature is 1100-1180 DEG C, final forging temperature is
900-1000 DEG C, it is cooled to room temperature in atmosphere, obtain forging stock.
(4) heat treatment：Forging stock is carried out solution treatment：At temperature is for 1050-1200 DEG C, it is incubated 1-3 hour, in quenching
It is cooled to room temperature in oil；Carry out Ageing Treatment again：At temperature is for 450-650 DEG C, it is incubated 3-10 hour, is cooled in atmosphere
Room temperature, obtains a kind of low-density Ti3Al and strengthens unimach.
Preferably, vacuum melting adopts vaccum sensitive stove.
Preferably, vacuum consumable remelting or the method for electroslag remelting are selected during remelting.
Beneficial effect
(1) a kind of low-density Ti of the present invention3Al strengthens unimach, and this steel grade density is 6.5-6.9g/cm3, resist
Tensile strength reaches more than 1350MPa, and elongation percentage, more than 10%, can meet the manufacture demand of automobile structure.
(2) a kind of low-density Ti of the present invention3Al strengthens the preparation method of unimach, and the method is passed through to add Ti
Element, forms Ti3Al, together produces precipitation strength with κ-carbide, to improve the tensile strength of steel, simultaneously because the density of Ti
It is only 4.5g/cm3Hence it is evident that being less than steel (7.8g/cm3), therefore add the density that Ti also can effectively reduce steel.
The composition design of the present invention is according to as follows：
C：The Main Function of C is to form κ-carbide ((Fe, Mn) with Mn and Al element3AlC), form precipitation strength, carry
The intensity of Gao Gang.C or important solution strengthening element, can promote austenitic formation, advantageously reduce density simultaneously.Contain with Al
Amount increases, and can gradually form ferrite, if now C content is relatively low, the content of austenite and stability can be made relatively low, leads to extend
Rate is relatively low.Increase with C content, the intensity of steel and elongation percentage all can be lifted, but too high C content can result in thick
κ-carbide, is especially distributed across the κ-carbide of grain boundaries, will significantly reduce elongation percentage.Therefore, the C content of the present invention is
0.5-1.5%.
Mn：Mn is among the austenite stabilizing elements, and the Main Function of Mn is to promote matrix austenitizing.Austenite structure can make steel
Keep higher work hardening rate, improve plasticity；The work hardening ability of steel can also be improved, improve intensity, therefore add Mn and have
Coordinate beneficial to the strong plasticity obtaining good.But when Mn content is higher, increase with Mn content, workpiece is in quick heating and cooling procedure
In tearing tendency increase.Therefore, the Mn content of the present invention is 15-30%.
Al：The density of Al is 2.7g/cm3, it is the essential element of the density reducing steel.Another Main Function of Al is and Ti
Combine to form Ti3Al phase, the component simultaneously also serving as κ-carbide promotes the formation of κ-carbide.Al content is too low to be led
Cause cannot form enough Ti3Al and κ-carbide, but too high Al content can lead to B2 and DO3Type ordered phase occurs, and reduces steel
Plasticity.Additionally, Al is ferrite former, increase with its content, in matrix, gradually form ferritic structure, suppress Ovshinsky
Body is formed, and so that the intensity of steel is increased and plasticity reduction.Al content is too high to also result in κ-carbide and Ti3Al roughening is hence it is evident that drop
Low elongation.So, the Al content of the present invention is 5-10%.
Ti：The interpolation of Ti mainly forms Ti with Al3Al phase, produces precipitation strength jointly with κ-carbide, improves steel
Intensity.Ti also has low density feature, can together reduce the density of steel with Al.Easily and C, N element combines Ti, therefore need to add foot
The Ti of amount just can obtain Ti3Al phase.The TiC that Ti and C, N combine to form, TiN being capable of fining austenite grains, it may have separate out strong
Change acts on.In the present invention, Ti content is 5-20%.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described in conjunction with the embodiments.
Tensile test equipment：The electronic universal material testing machine (U.S.'s Instron) of model INSTRON5985；
Tensile strength testing standard in embodiment：GB/T228-2002；Tensile strength, yield strength and elongation percentage are by drawing
The tensile stress-strain curve stretching test gained is recorded by GB/T228-2002.
Vaccum sensitive stove is the ZG-0.05 vaccum sensitive stove that Jinzhou Zhong Zhen electric furnace Co., Ltd produces；Electroslag furnace is
0.5 ton of atmosphere protection electroslag furnace that Shanghai Kai Yue automation equipment company limited produces.According to a kind of low-density Ti of the present invention3Al
Strengthen the chemical composition ranges of unimach, alloy pig 7 stove of 39 kilograms of preparation.
The chemical composition mass percent (wt%) of the described unimach that table 1 is obtained for the embodiment of the present invention.
Table 1
| Embodiment | Heat (batch) number | C/wt% | Mn/wt% | Al/wt% | Ti/wt% | Cr/wt% | Nb/wt% | Si/wt% | B/wt% |
| 1 | 1# | 0.8 | 30 | 8 | 5 | 5 | - | 0.5 | - |
| 2 | 2# | 0.5 | 22 | 10 | 20 | 4 | 0.1 | - | 0.1 |
| 3 | 3# | 1.0 | 15 | 9 | 12 | 4 | 0.1 | 1.1 | 0.3 |
| 4 | 4# | 1.2 | 28 | 5 | 10 | 5 | - | 1.9 | 0.4 |
| 5 | 5# | 1.3 | 27 | 9 | 12 | 3 | 0.1 | 0.8 | - |
| 6 | 6# | 1.3 | 27 | 8 | 10 | 4 | - | - | 0.3 |
| 7 | 7# | 1.5 | 25 | 9 | 15 | 5 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
Continued 1
| Embodiment | Heat (batch) number | P/wt% | S/wt% | O/wt% | N/wt% | Fe/wt% |
| 1 | 1# | 0.003 | 0.004 | 0.0019 | 0.0020 | Surplus |
| 2 | 2# | 0.002 | 0.004 | 0.0017 | 0.0022 | Surplus |
| 3 | 3# | 0.004 | 0.003 | 0.0010 | 0.0030 | Surplus |
| 4 | 4# | 0.003 | 0.004 | 0.0012 | 0.0025 | Surplus |
| 5 | 5# | 0.0035 | 0.004 | 0.0010 | 0.0030 | Surplus |
| 6 | 6# | 0.004 | 0.0035 | 0.0015 | 0.0020 | Surplus |
| 7 | 7# | 0.0035 | 0.004 | 0.0010 | 0.0030 | Surplus |
Embodiment 1
A kind of low-density Ti3Al strengthens the preparation method of unimach, specifically includes following steps：
(1) smelt：By in table 11#The chemical composition mass percent of the described unimach corresponding to stove weighs to be chosen
Raw material, carries out vacuum melting first：Raw material is loaded in vaccum sensitive stove, when being evacuated to vacuum ＜ 50Pa, power transmission heats,
Be gradually increased input power, to raw material be completely melt and weld pool surface bubble-free overflow after, be ＜ 1Pa in vacuum, temperature is
When 1700 DEG C, insulation carries out refine for 30 minutes, carries out alloying after abundant deoxidation under argon protection, then pours into a mould and in vacuum
Lower cooling, obtains steel ingot；Carry out remelting again：Steel ingot is put in electroslag furnace, logical argon protection, pressure is 100Pa, and power transmission adds
Heat, is gradually increased input power to 84kW, keeps this power 5 hours, so that steel ingot is completely melt, after finally cooling obtains remelting
Steel ingot.
(2) Homogenization Treatments：When temperature is 550 DEG C, the steel ingot after remelting is loaded in stove, when temperature is 1160 DEG C,
Insulation 20 hours, cools to room temperature with the furnace, the steel ingot after Homogenization Treatments.
(3) forge：Steel ingot after Homogenization Treatments is forged, initial forging temperature is 1100 DEG C, final forging temperature is 900
DEG C, it is cooled to room temperature in atmosphere, forging obtains forging stock, forging stock is size：Coupon.
(4) heat treatment：Described coupon is sent the processing of sample section to obtain tensile sample blank first, then by tensile sample hair
Base carries out solution treatment：At temperature is 1050 DEG C, it is incubated 3 hours, quenching oil is cooled to room temperature；Carry out again at timeliness
Reason：At temperature is 450 DEG C, it is incubated 10 hours, is cooled to room temperature in atmosphere, obtains a kind of low-density Ti3Al strengthens superelevation
The tensile sample blank of strength steel.
Embodiment 2
A kind of low-density Ti3Al strengthens the preparation method of unimach, specifically includes following steps：
(1) smelt：By in table 12#The chemical composition mass percent of the described unimach corresponding to stove weighs to be chosen
Raw material, carries out vacuum melting first：Raw material is loaded in vaccum sensitive stove, when being evacuated to vacuum ＜ 50Pa, power transmission heats,
Be gradually increased input power, to raw material be completely melt and weld pool surface bubble-free overflow after, be ＜ 1Pa in vacuum, temperature is
When 1700 DEG C, insulation carries out refine for 30 minutes, carries out alloying after abundant deoxidation under argon protection, then pours into a mould and in vacuum
Lower cooling, obtains steel ingot；Carry out remelting again：By steel ingot put in electroslag furnace, the protection of logical argon, pressure is 120Pa, and power transmission adds
Heat, is gradually increased input power and is completely melt to steel ingot during 87.5kW, keeps this power 2 hours, so that steel ingot is completely melt, finally
Cooling obtains the steel ingot after remelting.
(2) Homogenization Treatments：When temperature is 580 DEG C, the steel ingot after remelting is loaded in stove, when temperature is 1220 DEG C,
Insulation 8 hours, cools to the steel ingot after room temperature obtains Homogenization Treatments with the furnace.
(3) forge：Steel ingot after Homogenization Treatments is forged, initial forging temperature is 1180 DEG C, final forging temperature is 1000
DEG C, it is cooled to room temperature in atmosphere, obtains forging stock, forging stock is a size of：Coupon.
(4) heat treatment：Described coupon is sent the processing of sample section to obtain tensile sample blank first.Then by tensile sample hair
Base carries out solution treatment：At temperature is 1200 DEG C, it is incubated 1 hour, quenching oil is cooled to room temperature；Carry out Ageing Treatment again：
At temperature is 650 DEG C, it is incubated 3 hours, is cooled to room temperature in atmosphere, obtains a kind of low-density Ti3Al strengthens superhigh intensity
The tensile sample blank of steel.
Embodiment 3
A kind of low-density Ti3Al strengthens the preparation method of unimach, specifically includes following steps：
(1) smelt：By in table 13#The chemical composition mass percent of the described unimach corresponding to stove weighs to be chosen
Raw material, carries out vacuum melting first：Raw material is loaded in vaccum sensitive stove, when being evacuated to vacuum ＜ 50Pa, power transmission heats,
Be gradually increased input power, to raw material be completely melt and weld pool surface bubble-free overflow after, be ＜ 1Pa in vacuum, temperature is
When 1650 DEG C, insulation carries out refine for 1.5 hours, carries out alloying after abundant deoxidation under argon protection, then pours into a mould and in vacuum
Lower cooling, obtains steel ingot；Carry out remelting again：Steel ingot is put in electroslag furnace, logical argon protection, pressure is 150Pa, and power transmission adds
Heat, is gradually increased input power and is completely melt to steel ingot during 86kW, keeps this power 3 hours, so that steel ingot is completely melt, finally cold
But obtain the steel ingot after remelting.
(2) Homogenization Treatments：When temperature is 550 DEG C, the steel ingot after remelting is loaded in stove, when temperature is 1190 DEG C,
Insulation 15 hours, cools to the steel ingot after room temperature obtains Homogenization Treatments with the furnace.
(3) forge：Steel ingot after Homogenization Treatments is forged, initial forging temperature is 1140 DEG C, final forging temperature is 950
DEG C, it is cooled to room temperature in atmosphere and obtains forging stock, forging stock is a size of：Coupon.
(4) heat treatment：Described coupon is sent the processing of sample section to obtain tensile sample blank first.Then by tensile sample hair
Base carries out solution treatment：At temperature is 1070 DEG C, it is incubated 2 hours, quenching oil is cooled to room temperature；Carry out again at timeliness
Reason：At temperature is 550 DEG C, it is incubated 7 hours, is cooled to room temperature in atmosphere, obtains a kind of low-density Ti3It is strong that Al strengthens superelevation
The tensile sample blank of degree steel.
Embodiment 4
A kind of low-density Ti3Al strengthens the preparation method of unimach, specifically includes following steps：
(1) smelt：By in table 14#The chemical composition mass percent of the described unimach corresponding to stove weighs to be chosen
Raw material, carries out vacuum melting first：Raw material is loaded in vaccum sensitive stove, when being evacuated to vacuum ＜ 50Pa, power transmission heats,
Be gradually increased input power, to raw material be completely melt and weld pool surface bubble-free overflow after, be ＜ 1Pa in vacuum, temperature is
When 1700 DEG C, insulation carries out refine for 30 minutes, carries out alloying after abundant deoxidation under argon protection, then pours into a mould and in vacuum
Lower cooling, obtains steel ingot；Carry out remelting again：Steel ingot is put in electroslag furnace, logical argon protection, pressure is 150Pa, and power transmission adds
Heat, is gradually increased input power and is completely melt to steel ingot during 87kW, keeps this power 4 hours, so that steel ingot is completely melt, finally cold
But obtain the steel ingot after remelting.
(2) Homogenization Treatments：When temperature is 550 DEG C, the steel ingot after remelting is loaded in stove, when temperature is 1160 DEG C,
Insulation 20 hours, cools to the steel ingot after room temperature obtains Homogenization Treatments with the furnace.
(3) forge：Steel ingot after Homogenization Treatments is forged, initial forging temperature is 1100 DEG C, final forging temperature is 900
DEG C, it is cooled to room temperature in atmosphere, obtains forging stock, described forging stock is a size of：Coupon.
(4) heat treatment：Described coupon is sent the processing of sample section to obtain tensile sample blank first.Then by tensile sample hair
Base carries out solution treatment：At temperature is 1050 DEG C, it is incubated 3 hours, quenching oil is cooled to room temperature；Carry out again at timeliness
Reason：At temperature is 450 DEG C, it is incubated 10 hours, is cooled to room temperature in atmosphere, obtains a kind of low-density Ti3Al strengthens superelevation
The tensile sample blank of strength steel.
Embodiment 5
A kind of low-density Ti3Al strengthens the preparation method of unimach, specifically includes following steps：
(1) smelt：By in table 15#The chemical composition mass percent of the described unimach corresponding to stove weighs to be chosen
Raw material, carries out vacuum melting first：Raw material is loaded in vaccum sensitive stove, when being evacuated to vacuum ＜ 50Pa, power transmission heats,
Be gradually increased input power, to raw material be completely melt and weld pool surface bubble-free overflow after, be ＜ 1Pa in vacuum, temperature is
When 1700 DEG C, insulation carries out refine for 30 minutes, carries out alloying after abundant deoxidation under argon protection, then pours into a mould and in vacuum
Lower cooling, obtains steel ingot；Carry out remelting again：Steel ingot is put in electroslag furnace, logical argon protection, pressure is 150Pa, and power transmission adds
Heat, is gradually increased input power and is completely melt to steel ingot during 87kW, keeps this power 4 hours, so that steel ingot is completely melt, finally cold
But obtain the steel ingot after remelting.
(2) Homogenization Treatments：When temperature is 550 DEG C, the steel ingot after remelting is loaded in stove, when temperature is 1160 DEG C,
Insulation 20 hours, cools to room temperature with the furnace, obtains the steel ingot after Homogenization Treatments.
(3) forge：Steel ingot after Homogenization Treatments is forged, initial forging temperature is 1100 DEG C, final forging temperature is 900
DEG C, it is cooled to room temperature in atmosphere, obtains forging stock, described forging stock is a size of：Coupon.
(4) heat treatment：Described coupon is sent the processing of sample section to obtain tensile sample blank first.Then by tensile sample hair
Base carries out solution treatment：At temperature is 1050 DEG C, it is incubated 3 hours, quenching oil is cooled to room temperature；Carry out again at timeliness
Reason：At temperature is 450 DEG C, it is incubated 10 hours, is cooled to room temperature in atmosphere, obtains a kind of low-density Ti3Al strengthens superelevation
The tensile sample blank of strength steel.
Embodiment 6
A kind of low-density Ti3Al strengthens the preparation method of unimach, specifically includes following steps：
(1) smelt：By in table 16#The chemical composition mass percent of the described unimach corresponding to stove weighs to be chosen
Raw material, carries out vacuum melting first：Raw material is loaded in vaccum sensitive stove, when being evacuated to vacuum ＜ 50Pa, power transmission heats,
Be gradually increased input power, to raw material be completely melt and weld pool surface bubble-free overflow after, be ＜ 1Pa in vacuum, temperature is
When 1700 DEG C, insulation carries out refine for 30 minutes, carries out alloying after abundant deoxidation under argon protection, then pours into a mould and in vacuum
Lower cooling, obtains steel ingot；Carry out remelting again：Steel ingot is put in electroslag furnace, logical argon protection, pressure is 100Pa, and power transmission adds
Heat, is gradually increased input power and is completely melt to steel ingot during 85kW, keeps this power 5 hours, so that steel ingot is completely melt, finally cold
But obtain the steel ingot after remelting.
(2) Homogenization Treatments：When temperature is 550 DEG C, the steel ingot after remelting is loaded in stove, when temperature is 1160 DEG C,
Insulation 20 hours, cools to the steel ingot after room temperature obtains Homogenization Treatments with the furnace.
(3) forge：Steel ingot after Homogenization Treatments is forged, initial forging temperature is 1100 DEG C, final forging temperature is 900
DEG C, it is cooled to room temperature in atmosphere, obtains forging stock, described forging stock is a size of：Coupon.
(4) heat treatment：Described coupon is sent the processing of sample section to obtain tensile sample blank first.Then by tensile sample hair
Base carries out solution treatment：At temperature is 1050 DEG C, it is incubated 3 hours, quenching oil is cooled to room temperature；Carry out again at timeliness
Reason：At temperature is 450 DEG C, it is cooled to room temperature in atmosphere, obtains a kind of low-density Ti3Al strengthens the stretching of unimach
Sample blank.
Embodiment 7
A kind of low-density Ti3Al strengthens the preparation method of unimach, specifically includes following steps：
(1) smelt：By in table 17#The chemical composition mass percent of the described unimach corresponding to stove weighs to be chosen
Raw material, carries out vacuum melting first：Raw material is loaded in vaccum sensitive stove, when being evacuated to vacuum ＜ 50Pa, power transmission heats,
Be gradually increased input power, to raw material be completely melt and weld pool surface bubble-free overflow after, be ＜ 1Pa in vacuum, temperature is
When 1700 DEG C insulation carry out within 30 minutes refine, carry out alloying under argon does shielding gas after abundant deoxidation, then cast and
Cool down under vacuum, obtain steel ingot；Carry out remelting again：Steel ingot is put in electroslag furnace, logical argon protection, pressure is 100Pa, power transmission
Heating, is gradually increased input power and is completely melt to steel ingot during 84kW, keep this power 5 hours, so that steel ingot is completely melt, finally
Cooling obtains the steel ingot after remelting.
(2) Homogenization Treatments：When temperature is 550 DEG C, the steel ingot after remelting is loaded in stove, when temperature is 1160 DEG C,
Insulation 20 hours, cools to the steel ingot after room temperature obtains Homogenization Treatments with the furnace.
(3) forge：Steel ingot after Homogenization Treatments is forged, initial forging temperature is 1100 DEG C, final forging temperature is 900
DEG C, it is cooled to room temperature in atmosphere, obtains forging stock, described forging stock is a size of：Coupon.
(4) heat treatment：Described coupon is sent the processing of sample section to obtain tensile sample blank first.Then by tensile sample hair
Base carries out solution treatment：At temperature is 1050 DEG C, it is incubated 3 hours, quenching oil is cooled to room temperature；Carry out again at timeliness
Reason：At temperature is 450 DEG C, it is incubated 10 hours, is cooled to room temperature in atmosphere, obtains a kind of low-density Ti3Al strengthens superelevation
The tensile sample blank of strength steel.
It is 5mm that the described tensile sample blank being obtained in embodiment 1～7 is become cross-sectional diameter d through grinding, original
Gauge length L0Standard proportional tensile sample for 25mm, carries out Mechanics Performance Testing as shown in table 2, wherein σbRepresent tensile strength,
σ0.2Represent yield strength, A represents elongation percentage.
Table 2
| Embodiment | Heat (batch) number | σb/MPa | σ0.2/MPa | A/% | Density/(g/cm3) |
| 1 | 1# | 1350 | 1200 | 19 | 6.8 |
| 2 | 2# | 1370 | 1215 | 18 | 6.5 |
| 3 | 3# | 1410 | 1270 | 13 | 6.7 |
| 4 | 4# | 1400 | 1280 | 17 | 6.9 |
| 5 | 5# | 1455 | 1320 | 16 | 6.6 |
| 6 | 6# | 1440 | 1300 | 16 | 6.7 |
| 7 | 7# | 1480 | 1320 | 15 | 6.5 |
Claims (3)
1. a kind of low-density Ti3Al strengthen unimach it is characterised in that：The chemical composition mass percent of described steel is：C
0.5-1.5wt%, Mn 15-30wt%, Al 5-10wt%, Ti 5-20wt%, Cr≤5wt%, Nb≤0.2wt%, Si≤
2wt%, B≤0.6wt%, remaining is Fe and inevitable impurity.
2. a kind of low-density Ti as claimed in claim 13Al strengthen unimach preparation method it is characterised in that：Specifically
Step is as follows：
(1) smelt：Carry out vacuum melting first：Raw material is loaded in stove, is evacuated to vacuum<During 50Pa, heating makes raw material
Be completely melt and weld pool surface bubble-free overflow after, in vacuum<1Pa, temperature is that when 1600-1700 DEG C, insulation 30 minutes is -2 little
Shi Jinhang refine, carries out alloying after abundant deoxidation under argon protection, then pours into a mould and cooling obtains steel ingot under vacuo；Again
Carry out remelting：Steel ingot is put in stove, logical argon protection, pressure is 100-150Pa, and after being heated to being completely melt, insulation 2-5 is little
When, cooling obtains the steel ingot after remelting；
(2) Homogenization Treatments：When temperature is not higher than 600 DEG C, the steel ingot after remelting is loaded in stove, be 1160-1220 in temperature
DEG C when, be incubated 8-20 hour, cool to the steel ingot after room temperature obtains Homogenization Treatments with the furnace；
(3) forge：Steel ingot after Homogenization Treatments is forged, initial forging temperature is 1100-1180 DEG C, final forging temperature is 900-
1000 DEG C, it is cooled to room temperature in atmosphere, obtain forging stock；
(4) heat treatment：Forging stock is carried out solution treatment：At temperature is for 1050-1200 DEG C, it is incubated 1-3 hour, in quenching oil
It is cooled to room temperature；Carry out Ageing Treatment again：At temperature is for 450-650 DEG C, it is incubated 3-10 hour, is cooled to room in atmosphere
Temperature, obtains a kind of low-density Ti3Al and strengthens unimach.
3. a kind of low-density Ti3Al according to claim 2 strengthen unimach preparation method it is characterised in that：
Vacuum melting adopts vaccum sensitive stove；Vacuum consumable remelting or the method for electroslag remelting is selected during remelting.
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| CN114480984A (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-05-13 | 钢铁研究总院 | Ti alloyed low-density high-strength steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN115466897A (en) * | 2022-08-01 | 2022-12-13 | 上海大学 | Austenite entropy alloy material for nuclear shielding and preparation method thereof |
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