CN106399791A - Preparation method for cemented carbide - Google Patents
Preparation method for cemented carbide Download PDFInfo
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- CN106399791A CN106399791A CN201610867701.4A CN201610867701A CN106399791A CN 106399791 A CN106399791 A CN 106399791A CN 201610867701 A CN201610867701 A CN 201610867701A CN 106399791 A CN106399791 A CN 106399791A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
- C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
- C22C29/06—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds
- C22C29/08—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds based on tungsten carbide
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- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/14—Treatment of metallic powder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/14—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/026—Spray drying of solutions or suspensions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/05—Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder
- C22C1/051—Making hard metals based on borides, carbides, nitrides, oxides or silicides; Preparation of the powder mixture used as the starting material therefor
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- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/14—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously
- B22F2003/145—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously by warm compacting, below debindering temperature
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- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
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- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
- B22F2003/248—Thermal after-treatment
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- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
- B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
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- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method for cemented carbide. The preparation method comprises the steps that WC particles and Co particles are washed, and surface impurities are removed; the cleaned WC particles and the cleaned Co particles are smashed into powder particles; then the powder particles are evenly mixed in a mixing machine and then ground, and alloy powder is obtained; the alloy powder is placed in an extrusion mold and then subjected to extrusion molding through an extrusion machine, the alloy material is mixed with liquid, an organic binder is added and evenly stirred, and metal powder slurry is prepared; then the slurry is made into powder through a spray granulator; and the powder is subjected to heat treatment. According to the preparation method for the cemented carbide, the impurities on the surface of the metal powder can be removed through a cleaning process, the purity of an alloy prepared through the subsequent processes is improved, then the mechanical activity of the powder can be improved through mixing and grinding, and a good foundation is provided for the close bonding of the alloy; and then the WC-Co alloy powder is subjected to hot pressing sintering and heat treatment, and the cemented carbide material with higher hardness and strength can be obtained.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technique of Hardmetal materials.
Background technology
The consumption in mine, coal and oil drilling hard alloy is very big, and these rock drilling sintered-carbide tools are due to skill
The restriction of art, varies less for many years, and these changes are nothing but by precision controlling alloy degree of purity and bonding phase composition etc..
Mine hard alloy instrument mainly adopts WC-Co alloy at present.Generally, drilling well use, coal mining are used and Colophonium cutting
Consist of WC and 6 11%Co with the alloy on percussion drill bit, and the alloy of different purposes, because the raising of some performances is led
Cause the reduction of other performances.Toughness as usual in high-wear-resistant alloy is bad, conversely, the Wear Resistance of good toughness is not good.Reduce
Co content and the hardness that improves can reduce alloy abrasion, and increase Co content and can improve impact flexibility with increasing WC grain degree.
At present, the preparation of WC-Co alloy can adopt the technique such as laminating, sintering, and the WC-Co being prepared by these techniques is hard
The WC grain of matter alloy is in continuous distribution, and has the alloy of Co phase gradient, and fine grain side has higher hardness, coarse-grain side
There is certain bending strength；In sintering, Co phase migrates to fine grain side from coarse-grain side, and its hardness and intensity are not enough.With
Continually developing and applying of natural resourcess, the requirement more and more higher to mine hard alloy, not only need higher-strength, relatively
The sintered-carbide tool of good hardness.
Content of the invention
For above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of system preparing the higher hard alloy of hardness is bigger, intensity
Preparation Method.
The technical solution used in the present invention is：A kind of preparation method of hard alloy, it comprises the following steps：
（1）WC grain and Co grain are carried out respectively, remove surface impurity；
（2）WC grain after cleaning and Co are respectively crushed into powder；
（3）Again above-mentioned powder is ground after mix homogeneously in batch mixer, obtains alloyed powder；
（4）Above-mentioned alloyed powder is placed in extrusion die, then passes through extruder extrusion molding, obtain Hardmetal materials；
（5）By alloy material and liquid mixing, and add organic bond to stir, be configured to metal powder slurry；
（6）Then slurry is made powder by sponging granulator；
（7）Again above-mentioned powder is sintered and heat treatment.
Preferably, in WC powder and Co powder, Co accounts for 5 10%.
Preferably, during hot pressed sintering, first 20 30s are sintered with 280 320 DEG C of temperature, then with 500 600 DEG C
Temperature sinters 40 60s, then sinters 20 30s with 650 700 DEG C of temperature.
Preferably, heat treatment is successively using solid solution, cold pressing deformation and Ageing Treatment.
Preferably, the temperature of solution treatment is 650 700 DEG C, the time is 10 12min.
Preferably, the deflection of colding pressing of deformation process of colding pressing is 30 35%.
Preferably, the temperature of Ageing Treatment is 300 350 DEG C, the time is 2 3h.
Preferably, extrusion molding is carried out in protective atmosphere, pressure is 1000 1200MPa.
Preferably, described liquid adopts distilled water or deionized water, and alloy material with the mass ratio of liquid is
（2.5—3）：1；Described organic bond adopts metal granulating agent, and its addition is the 2 4% of alloy material quality.
Preferably, described sponging granulator adopts centrifugal spraying granulator, the rotating speed of centrifugal spraying granulator is
5000 8000 revs/min；The inlet temperature of described sponging granulator dry air is 250 350 DEG C, outlet temperature is 100
150℃；The flow of dry air is 100 200 Nm3/h；Charging rate is 10 20 kg/h.
As can be known from the above technical solutions, the present invention can remove the impurity of metal powder surface by cleaning, after raising
The alloy purity of continuous preparation, then can improve the mechanical activation of powder, be the tight knot of alloy by batch mixing with by way of grinding
Close and preferably basis is provided；Again WC-Co alloyed powder is carried out hot pressed sintering and heat treatment, higher hardness and intensity can be obtained
Hardmetal materials.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described more detail below, the illustrative examples of the here present invention and explanation are used for explaining the present invention,
But it is not as a limitation of the invention.
A kind of preparation method of hard alloy, it comprises the following steps：
With WC, Co grain as raw material, and press Co content be 5 10wt% dispensings；Then WC grain and Co grain are carried out respectively,
Remove surface impurity；WC grain after cleaning and Co are respectively crushed into powder；Again by above-mentioned powder in batch mixer mix homogeneously
After be ground, obtain alloyed powder.Above-mentioned alloyed powder is placed in extrusion die, then passes through extruder extrusion molding, obtain hard
Matter alloy material；In extrusion process, the metal powder end in mould, in addition to the normal pressure being squeezed machine drift, is also subject to mould
The tool lateral pressure of wall and the effect of frictional force；With the movement of drift, the powder in mould is progressively compacted, thus passing through mould
Extrusion.In order to prevent metal from aoxidizing, extrusion molding is carried out under protective atmosphere, and pressure adopts 1000 1200MPa, so can obtain
Consistency higher material, and performance profile is uniformly, and productivity ratio is high；Then the hard alloy above-mentioned extrusion molding being obtained
Material is sintered, and sintering is carried out in three stages, first sinters 20 30s with 280 320 DEG C of temperature, then with 500 600
DEG C temperature sinters 40 60s, then sinters 20 30s with 650 700 DEG C of temperature；First stage belongs to the sintering preparatory stage, for entering
One step ground sintering environment purification；Second stage, with the rising of temperature, initially forms sintering neck between alloying substance granule, and phase
Mutually combine, particle surface oxide occurs reduction reaction, thus continuing to participate in sintering, intergranular combination encloses each other
Space；The sintering temperature of three phases is higher, and intergranular sintering neck is grown up further, and more granules are merged,
Sintered body is shunk further, nodularization, thus intensity and the hardness of material is prepared in raising；By alloy material and liquid mixing,
And add organic bond to stir, it is configured to metal powder slurry；Then slurry is made powder by sponging granulator.
Heat treatment is carried out to above-mentioned powder；Heat treatment is successively using solid solution, cold pressing deformation and Ageing Treatment；Solution treatment
Temperature is 650 700 DEG C, and the time is 10 12min, so can control nickel, the aluminum solid solubility in Copper substrate and grain size；
Solid solubility temperature is too high, can lead to coarse grains, reduces alloy strength；Solid solubility temperature is too low, though crystal grain is less, can lead to follow-up
Ageing Treatment is difficult to play the effect of reinforced alloys.The deflection of colding pressing of deformation process of colding pressing is 30 35%；Right before Ageing Treatment
Alloy carries out cold deformation, and alloy can be made to assume the double effectses of working hardening and ageing strengthening；The temperature of Ageing Treatment is
300 350 DEG C, the time is 2 3h；Ageing Treatment can separate out the second phase, produces dispersion-strengtherning.
Embodiment 1
95wt %WC grain and 5wt %Co grain are carried out respectively, remove surface impurity；By the WC grain after cleaning and Co powder respectively
It is broken into powder；Again above-mentioned powder is ground after mix homogeneously in batch mixer, obtains alloyed powder；Alloyed powder is placed in extruding
In mould, then by extruder using the pressure extrusion molding of 1000MPa, obtain Hardmetal materials, then with 280 DEG C of temperature
Degree sintering 30s, then sinters 60s with 500 DEG C of temperature, then sinters 30s with 650 DEG C of temperature；Then by alloy material and distilled water
Mixing, and alloy material is 2.5 with the mass ratio of distilled water：1, and add 2% metal granulating agent stirring of alloy material quality all
Even, it is configured to metal powder slurry；Again slurry is carried out pelletize, wherein sponging granulator dry air by centrifugal spraying granulator
Inlet temperature be 250 DEG C, outlet temperature be 100 DEG C, the flow of dry air be 100 Nm3/ h, charging rate are 10kg/
H, the rotating speed of centrifugal spraying granulator is 5000 revs/min subsequently with 650 DEG C of solution treatment 12min；Then cold pressing deformation process, cold
Compressive strain amount is 30%；Finally with 300 DEG C of Ageing Treatment 3h, obtain WC-Co hard alloy material.The hardness recording this material is
51.2HRC, shear strength is 621.1MPa.
Embodiment 2
92wt %WC grain and 8wt %Co grain are carried out respectively, remove surface impurity；By the WC grain after cleaning and Co powder respectively
It is broken into powder；Again above-mentioned powder is ground after mix homogeneously in batch mixer, obtains alloyed powder；Alloyed powder is placed in extruding
In mould, then by extruder using the pressure extrusion molding of 1100MPa, obtain Hardmetal materials, then with 300 DEG C of temperature
Degree sintering 25s, then sinters 50s with 560 DEG C of temperature, then sinters 25s with 680 DEG C of temperature；Then by alloy material and deionization
Water mixes, and alloy material is 2.8 with the mass ratio of deionized water：1, and add 3% metal granulating agent of alloy material quality to stir
Mix uniformly, be configured to metal powder slurry；Again slurry is carried out pelletize, wherein centrifugal spraying granulator by centrifugal spraying granulator
Rotating speed be 6000 revs/min, the inlet temperature of sponging granulator dry air is 300 DEG C, outlet temperature is 130 DEG C, it is empty to be dried
The flow of gas is 150 Nm3/ h, charging rate are 15 kg/h subsequently with 680 DEG C of solution treatment 11min；Then cold pressing at deformation
Reason, deflection of colding pressing is 32%；Finally with 330 DEG C of Ageing Treatment 2.5h, obtain WC-Co hard alloy material.Record this material
Hardness is 68.1HRC, and shear strength is 673.2MPa.
Embodiment 3
90wt %WC grain and 10wt %Co grain are carried out respectively, remove surface impurity；By the WC grain after cleaning and Co difference
It is ground into powder；Again above-mentioned powder is ground after mix homogeneously in batch mixer, obtains alloyed powder；Alloyed powder is placed in crowded
In compression mould, then by extruder using the pressure extrusion molding of 1200MPa, obtain Hardmetal materials, then with 320 DEG C
Temperature sinters 20s, then sinters 40s with 600 DEG C of temperature, then sinters 20s with 700 DEG C of temperature；Then by alloy material with go from
Sub- water mixing, and alloy material is 3 with the mass ratio of deionized water：1, and add 4% metal granulating agent of alloy material quality to stir
Mix uniformly, be configured to metal powder slurry；Again slurry is carried out pelletize, wherein centrifugal spraying granulator by centrifugal spraying granulator
Rotating speed be 8000 revs/min, the inlet temperature of sponging granulator dry air is 350 DEG C, outlet temperature is 150 DEG C, it is empty to be dried
The flow of gas is 200 Nm3/ h, charging rate are 20 kg/h；Subsequently with 700 DEG C of solution treatment 10min；Then cold pressing deformation
Process, deflection of colding pressing is 35%；Finally with 350 DEG C of Ageing Treatment 2h, obtain WC-Co hard alloy material.Record this material
Hardness is 64.0HRC, and shear strength is 615.1MPa.
The technical scheme above embodiment of the present invention being provided is described in detail, specific case used herein
The principle and embodiment of the embodiment of the present invention is set forth, the explanation of above example is only applicable to help understand this
The principle of inventive embodiments；Simultaneously for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to the embodiment of the present invention, in specific embodiment party
All will change in formula and range of application, in sum, this specification content should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method of hard alloy, it comprises the following steps：
（1）WC grain and Co grain are carried out respectively, remove surface impurity；
（2）WC grain after cleaning and Co are respectively crushed into powder；
（3）Again above-mentioned powder is ground after mix homogeneously in batch mixer, obtains alloyed powder；
（4）Above-mentioned alloyed powder is placed in extrusion die, then passes through extruder extrusion molding, obtain Hardmetal materials；
（5）By alloy material and liquid mixing, and add organic bond to stir, be configured to metal powder slurry；
（6）Then slurry is made powder by sponging granulator；
（7）Again above-mentioned powder is sintered and heat treatment.
2. according to claim 1 hard alloy preparation method it is characterised in that：In WC grain and Co grain, Co accounts for 5
10%.
3. hard alloy as claimed in claim 1 preparation method it is characterised in that：During hot pressed sintering, first with 280 320 DEG C
Temperature sinter 20 30s, then sinter 40 60s with 500 600 DEG C of temperature, then sinter 20 with 650 700 DEG C of temperature
30s.
4. hard alloy as claimed in claim 1 preparation method it is characterised in that：Heat treatment is successively using solid solution, change of colding pressing
Shape and Ageing Treatment.
5. hard alloy as claimed in claim 4 preparation method it is characterised in that：The temperature of solution treatment is 650 700
DEG C, the time is 10 12min.
6. hard alloy as claimed in claim 4 preparation method it is characterised in that：The deflection of colding pressing of deformation process of colding pressing is
30—35%.
7. hard alloy as claimed in claim 4 preparation method it is characterised in that：The temperature of Ageing Treatment is 300 350
DEG C, the time is 2 3h.
8. hard alloy as claimed in claim 1 preparation method it is characterised in that：Extrusion molding is carried out in protective atmosphere,
Pressure is 1000 1200MPa.
9. hard alloy as claimed in claim 1 preparation method it is characterised in that：Described liquid adopts distilled water or deionization
Water, and alloy material with the mass ratio of liquid is（2.5—3）：1；Described organic bond adopts metal granulating agent, its addition
For alloy material quality 2 4%.
10. hard alloy as claimed in claim 1 preparation method it is characterised in that：Described sponging granulator is using centrifugation spray
Mist comminutor, the rotating speed of centrifugal spraying granulator is 5,000 8000 revs/min；The import temperature of described sponging granulator dry air
Spend for 250 350 DEG C, outlet temperature be 100 150 DEG C；The flow of dry air is 100 200 Nm3/h；Charging rate
For 10 20 kg/h.
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| CN201610867701.4A CN106399791A (en) | 2016-09-30 | 2016-09-30 | Preparation method for cemented carbide |
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| CN201610867701.4A CN106399791A (en) | 2016-09-30 | 2016-09-30 | Preparation method for cemented carbide |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1557983A (en) * | 2004-02-09 | 2004-12-29 | 自贡硬质合金有限责任公司 | Production method for hard carbide with graded distributed cobalt content |
| CN102220534A (en) * | 2011-07-20 | 2011-10-19 | 中南大学 | Method for reinforcing binder phase of hard alloy |
| CN102534344A (en) * | 2012-03-14 | 2012-07-04 | 中南大学 | Extra coarse grain WC-Co hard alloy and preparation process thereof |
-
2016
- 2016-09-30 CN CN201610867701.4A patent/CN106399791A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1557983A (en) * | 2004-02-09 | 2004-12-29 | 自贡硬质合金有限责任公司 | Production method for hard carbide with graded distributed cobalt content |
| CN102220534A (en) * | 2011-07-20 | 2011-10-19 | 中南大学 | Method for reinforcing binder phase of hard alloy |
| CN102534344A (en) * | 2012-03-14 | 2012-07-04 | 中南大学 | Extra coarse grain WC-Co hard alloy and preparation process thereof |
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Application publication date: 20170215 |