A kind of sludge treatment device
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of sewage more particularly to a kind of sludge treatment devices.
Background technique
Sludge is the solid waste generated in sewage disposal process, with the development of domestic sewage disposal cause, sewage
Factory's total process water yield and degree for the treatment of constantly will expand and improve, and the sludge quantity of generation also increasingly increases, the processing investment of sludge
Very huge with operating cost, the expense for Treatment of Sludge accounts for the 20%~50% of sewage treatment plant's operating cost, gives sewage
Treatment plant brings heavy burden.In addition to containing the nutriments such as a large amount of organic matter and nitrogen, phosphorus in sewage sludge, there is also
The poisonous and harmful elements such as heavy metal, pathogenic bacteria and helminth.To prevent secondary pollution caused by sludge and guaranteeing sewage treatment plant
Normal operation and treatment effect, the position occupied in wastewater treatment in China of processing disposition of sewage sludge become increasingly conspicuous.
Municipal sewage plant sludge is concentrated with after dehydration, and sludge can carry out health in moisture content 80% or so, dewatered sludge
Landfill, fermentation system fertilizer, drying and other treatment.The direct landfill disposal of sludge will affect the normal operation of landfill yard, and occupy landfill yard
A large amount of areas have been prohibited to use at present.Since China's Heavy Metal Level In Sludge is exceeded, if agricultural after sludge composting will affect
The value of crops, market acceptance level are low.Sludge drying technique generally uses steam as heat source, is " with heat heat exchange ", energy
Consume higher, operating cost height;And there is also dust explosion risks for high temperature drying.Using sludge pyrohydrolysis broken wall, need using
High temperature heat source heats sludge, and energy consumption is higher;And there is also security risks for high temperature heat source in actual production.
In the prior art, moisture percentage in sewage sludge height is to restrict sludge treatment and utilize critical issue, includes in biological sludge
The moisture of different conditions, including Free water, Interstitial Water, absorption water and surface-bonded water.Conventional dehydration technique can only remove freedom
The removal rate of water and portion gap water, sludge space between cells water is very low.Therefore, it is necessary to research and develop new means effectively to improve dirt
Mud goes water rate, meanwhile, as sludge treatment technique, it is also necessary to which resource consumption is few, and environmental pollution is small.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method for sludge treatment, can be effectively improved the dewatering of sludge, are conducive to dirt
Mud processing reduces cost.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that:
A kind of sludge treatment device cooperates above-mentioned method for sludge treatment, including be sequentially communicated sludge cooler, freezing
Machine, ball mill, conveyor screw, centrifuge further include refrigeration machine;The sludge cooler is equipped with cooling fluid import and cooling
Fluid outlet;The refrigerator is equipped with frozen gas entrance and frozen gas exports;The ball mill enters equipped with cooling gas
Mouth and cooling gas outlet;The conveyor screw is equipped with heating fluid inlet and heated fluid outlet;The centrifuge is set
There is purified liquor outlet;The refrigeration machine is equipped with air intake and air outlet slit;The cooling fluid import of the sludge cooler and institute
State the heated fluid outlet connection of conveyor screw, the heating fluid inlet of the cooling fluid outlet and conveyor screw of sludge cooler
Connection;The frozen gas outlet of the air intake and refrigerator of the refrigeration machine and the cooling gas outlet of ball mill,
The air outlet slit of refrigeration machine is connected to the cooling gas inlet of the frozen gas entrance of refrigerator and ball mill;The ball mill
It is interior to be equipped with abrading-ball;The abrading-ball includes ceramic body and the inert polymerization nitride layer for being coated on ceramic body outer surface;It is described lazy
Property polymer layer of thickness be 0.2~0.3 micron.
Sludge treatment device of the invention further includes sludge pump, and it is cold that the sludge of moisture content 80% through sludge pump is delivered to sludge
But machine.Sludge cooler, refrigerator, ball mill, conveyor screw, centrifuge have sludge inlet and outlet, after being sequentially connected, are formed dirty
Mud transmission path.It is equipped with abrading-ball in ball mill, silica, boron oxide, yttrium oxide, magnesia, boron oxide are mixed to prepare mixed
Close powder;Again by mixed-powder in 1500 DEG C melting 1 hour, chilling obtains block;Block is smashed it through into 325 mesh standard sieves,
Obtain ceramic powder;Then pressure ball after ceramic powder being mixed with addition of lime;Finally 1 is sintered in 1200 DEG C after 950 DEG C of sintering half an hour
Hour, obtain ceramic body;By butyl acrylate, N hydroxymethyl acrylamide, styrene and isomerous tridecanol polyoxyethylene
Ether, which is added to the water, is made lotion;Then persulfate aqueous solution is added dropwise, is reacted 1.5~2 hours in 70~75 DEG C, it is poly- to obtain inertia
Close the slurry of object.In ethanol by ceramic body dispersion, the slurry of inert polymer is added;Mixing 2 hours, adds Malaysia
Acid anhydrides and diethyl phosphite;It continuess to mix 2 hours;Then solvent is removed, is handled 20 minutes then at 120~135 DEG C, i.e., in pottery
Porcelain body outer surface coats inert polymerization nitride layer to get abrading-ball.
In the present invention, sludge cooler is blade cooler;The refrigerator is belt refrigerator.Sludge cooler uses
Oar blade type cools down equipment, and by sludge cooling down in a manner of indirect heat exchange, in belt refrigerator, sub-cooled gas is the bottom of from
Portion enters refrigerator, directly contacts with sludge, and sludge temperature reduces.With conveying of the sludge on belt, sludge temperature is into one
Step reduces;Preferably, frozen gas entrance is equipped in freezing motor spindle;Refrigerator is additionally provided with temperature-sensing probe, prevents freezing broken wall
Key parameter goes wrong, and effective monitoring freezes the temperature of sludge, guarantees that freezing removes water quality.
Above equipment is used for Treatment of Sludge, comprising the following steps: pending mud is delivered to cooler;Then by sludge
Temperature is adjusted to 5~10 DEG C;Then sludge is sent into refrigerator, sludge temperature is adjusted to -10~-5 DEG C;Then after freezing
Sludge be sent into ball mill, in cooling gas, utilize abrading-ball ball milling sludge;The sludge after ball milling is delivered to using conveyor screw
Centrifuge after centrifuge separation, removes clear liquid, i.e. completion sludge freezing broken wall dehydration;The surface temperature of the conveyor screw is 15
~20 DEG C;The abrading-ball includes ceramic body and the inert polymerization nitride layer for being coated on ceramic body outer surface.
Freezing makes sludge cell wall rupture, destroys colloform texture in sludge, changes the distribution situation of moisture in sludge, full
The release of sufficient sludge cell intermediate gap water needs the rupture requirement of sludge cell, so as to improve the dewatering of sludge, wherein cold
Freezing ball milling is key, and ball milling effect is directly related to the treatment effect of sludge and hydrone, other than temperature, the selection pair of abrading-ball
Quality of the ball mill has very high influence, and existing abrading-ball is generally used to the strong inorganic material of grinding rigidity, inadaptable to sludge material;
The present invention has the effect of excellent grinding to sludge using ceramic post sintering ontology as abrading-ball main structure, avoids existing abrading-ball
Excessive high hardness is unfavorable for the defect that toughness sludge pulverizes;Especially the present invention wraps up one layer of inert polymer in abrading-ball outer surface,
Its inertia overcomes the problem of sludge can be sticked to abrading-ball appearance for sludge, improves ball milling effect;Ceramic body simultaneously
By compatibility difference inorganic component, and ladder sintering process is used, avoiding existing ceramic sintered bodies has the problem of gap, poly-
When closing object coating ceramic ontology, emulsion polymeric product is good with ceramic body compatibility under small molecule cooperation, and adhesive force is high, solidification
After be close to ceramic body;It is equipped with inert polymer layer on the outside of ceramic body especially with a thickness of 0.2~0.3 micron, neither influences
The performance of ceramic body performance is able to achieve the function of inert polymer again.
In the present invention, after municipal sewage plant sludge is concentrated and dehydration, sludge is therefore to be processed in moisture content 80% or so
The moisture content of sludge is generally 80%.
In the present invention, sludge temperature is adjusted to 5~10 DEG C by the way of indirect heat exchange;By the way of being directly gas-cooled
Sludge temperature is adjusted to -10~-5 DEG C.To which sludge cooling is slowly uniform, freezing is quick, it is possible to reduce such as internal micelle
Etc defect generate, provide good basis for subsequent freezing broken wall.The temperature of cooling gas is -20~-15 DEG C.Ball mill
Inside be passed through cooling gas, maintain the low temperature environment in ball mill, further increase outside shell-broken effect, it is ensured that ball milling effect it is equal
Even property.
In the present invention, when centrifuge separation, revolving speed is 2800~3500 revs/min;Being centrifugated the time is 2~3 minutes.It can
The liquid gone out with efficiently separating solid and broken wall.
Due to the above technical solutions, the present invention has the following advantages over the prior art:
1. the first public sludge of the present invention freezes broken wall treatment equipment, sludge cell wall rupture is made by freezing, is broken
Colloform texture in bad sludge, changes the distribution situation of moisture in sludge, and the release for meeting sludge cell intermediate gap water needs sludge
The rupture requirement of cell, so as to improve the dewatering of sludge, Free water and part can only be removed by solving existing dewatering process
The defect of Interstitial Water.
2. the equipment of the invention cooling sludge by the way of indirect heat exchange avoids interior so that sludge cooling mitigates, uniformly
The generation of portion's micelle;In such a way that frozen gas directly contacts sludge, the moisture in sludge uniformly cooled down is become by liquid
Microorganism for solid-state, sludge is destructurized;Sludge solids are crushed using ball mill, the physics of sludge, biological structure by into
One step is destroyed, and shell-broken effect is more preferable;Moisture percentage in sewage sludge is reduced to 40% by 80%, achieves unexpected effect.
3. sludge treatment device disclosed by the invention forms reasonable, compact-sized, cooling medium, including cooling gas and
Cooling fluid can reuse, and especially cooling fluid can be recycled between cooler and conveyor screw, subtract significantly
The problem of having lacked the waste of the energy, material, and having advantageously accounted for secondary environmental pollution.
4. abrading-ball disclosed by the invention can effectively grind sludge, and on the outside under the action of polymeric layer, avoid with
Sludge bonding provides good basis for broken wall water outlet.
5. foul smell yield is small when equipment provided by the invention processing sludge, by perfect processing step, using reasonable
Processing equipment, realize the low-temperature water removal of sludge;The defect of high temperature heat source in the prior art is avoided, not only safety, more greatly
The earth has saved cost, moreover it is possible to more reduce the pollution to environment, be more suitable for industrialized production.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of sludge treatment device;
Wherein, sludge cooler 1, refrigerator 2, ball mill 3, conveyor screw 4, centrifuge 5, refrigeration machine 6, sludge pump 7, clear
Liquid outlet 8.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:
The preparation of abrading-ball: silica, boron oxide, yttrium oxide, magnesia, boron oxide are mixed to prepare mixed-powder;Again
By mixed-powder in 1500 DEG C melting 1 hour, chilling obtains block;Block is smashed it through into 325 mesh standard sieves, obtains ceramic powder;
Then pressure ball after ceramic powder being mixed with addition of lime;It is finally sintered 1 hour, obtains in 1200 DEG C after 950 DEG C of sintering half an hour
Ceramic body;Butyl acrylate, N hydroxymethyl acrylamide, styrene and isomerous tridecanol polyoxyethylene ether are added to the water
Lotion is made;Then persulfate aqueous solution is added dropwise, is reacted 1.5~2 hours in 70~75 DEG C, obtains the slurry of inert polymer
Material.In ethanol by ceramic body dispersion, the slurry of inert polymer is added;Mixing 2 hours adds maleic anhydride and Asia
Diethyl phosphate;It continuess to mix 2 hours;Then solvent is removed, is handled 20 minutes then at 120~135 DEG C, i.e., in outside ceramic body
Surface coats inert polymerization nitride layer, obtains abrading-ball.The matter of ceramic body, inert polymer, maleic anhydride and diethyl phosphite
Amount is than being 1: 0.4: 0.1: 0.05;Silica, boron oxide, yttrium oxide, magnesia, boron oxide mass ratio be 5: 1: 0.5: 2:
2.5;The quality of butyl acrylate, N hydroxymethyl acrylamide, styrene, isomerous tridecanol polyoxyethylene ether, water, potassium peroxydisulfate
Than being 5: 18: 35: 20: 100: 1;Inert polymer layer is with a thickness of 0.2~0.3 micron.
Embodiment one
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of sludge treatment device, including blade sludge cooler 1, the belt refrigerator 2, ball being sequentially communicated
Grinding machine 3, conveyor screw 4, centrifuge 5 further include refrigeration machine 6, sludge pump 7;The sludge cooler is equipped with cooling fluid import
And cooling fluid outlet;The refrigerator is equipped with frozen gas entrance and frozen gas outlet (being located at bottom);The ball
Grinding machine is equipped with cooling gas inlet and cooling gas exports, and inside is equipped with abrading-ball, and the set-up mode of abrading-ball is conventional;The conveying
Spiral is equipped with heating fluid inlet and heated fluid outlet;The centrifuge is equipped with purified liquor outlet 8;The refrigeration machine is equipped with sky
Gas entrance and air outlet slit;The cooling fluid import of the sludge cooler and the heated fluid outlet of the conveyor screw connect
Logical, the cooling fluid outlet of sludge cooler is connected to the heating fluid inlet of conveyor screw, and such fluid can be in cooler
It circulates between conveyor screw, drives heat conveying;The frozen gas of the air intake of the refrigeration machine and refrigerator export with
And the cooling gas outlet of ball mill, the air outlet slit of refrigeration machine and the frozen gas entrance of refrigerator and ball mill
Cooling gas inlet connection.In Fig. 1, single arrow direction is sludge conveying direction, and double-head arrow direction is gas conveying direction, three arrows
Head direction is fluid conveying direction;Sludge successively passes through sludge pump, blade sludge cooler, belt refrigerator, ball mill, conveying
Spiral, centrifuge;Cooling gas goes out from refrigeration machine, supplies refrigerator and ball mill;Fluid is between cooler and conveyor screw
Circulation drives heat conveying.
Carry out sludge water removal using above equipment: the municipal sludge of moisture content 80% is delivered to sludge cooling by sludge pump
Machine, sludge cooler is using the cooling equipment of oar blade type, and by sludge cooling down in a manner of indirect heat exchange, cooling medium is from defeated
Square auger, after heat exchange cooling, the temperature of sludge is reduced to 5 DEG C by room temperature.Enter band from the sludge after the cooling of blade cooler
Formula refrigerator, in belt refrigerator, sub-cooled gas enters refrigerator from bottom, directly contacts with sludge, sludge temperature
It reduces.With conveying of the sludge on belt, sludge temperature is further decreased, and according to the difference of sludge quality, sludge is from freezing
Temperature is controlled at -10 DEG C when discharge in machine.With the reduction of sludge temperature, the structure of sludge also changes, and liquid water becomes
Solid water, while the microorganism of sludge is destructurized.The gas being discharged from refrigerator is reused after refrigeration machine cooling.
The sludge being discharged out of refrigerator enters ball mill, and sludge solids are broken under abrading-ball effect, the physics of sludge, biological structure
Further destroyed.It is passed through cooling gas in ball mill, maintains the temperature in ball mill at -20 DEG C.It is transferred out from ball mill
Sludge is delivered to centrifuge by conveyor screw, heat transferring medium water is passed through in conveyor screw collet, temperature rises to after sludge heat absorption
Room temperature, sludge are converted to liquid, and the cooling sludge of blade cooler is entered after water heat exchange.Liquid sludge by revolving speed be 3500 turns/
Minute, time are after the machinery of centrifuge separation in 3 minutes is dehydrated, and the moisture content of sludge can be down to 30%.
Embodiment two
A kind of sludge treatment device, it is similar with embodiment one, including be sequentially communicated blade sludge cooler, belt freezing
Machine, ball mill (band abrading-ball), conveyor screw, centrifuge, further include refrigeration machine, sludge pump;Refrigerator is additionally provided with temperature-sensing probe, prevents
Only freezing broken wall key parameter goes wrong, and effective monitoring freezes the temperature of sludge, guarantees that freezing removes water quality.
Carry out sludge water removal using above equipment: the municipal sludge of moisture content 80% is delivered to sludge cooling by sludge pump
Machine, sludge cooler is using the cooling equipment of oar blade type, and by sludge cooling down in a manner of indirect heat exchange, cooling medium is from defeated
Square auger, after heat exchange cooling, the temperature of sludge is reduced to 10 DEG C by room temperature.Enter band from the sludge after the cooling of blade cooler
Formula refrigerator, in belt refrigerator, sub-cooled gas enters refrigerator from bottom, directly contacts with sludge, sludge temperature
It reduces.With conveying of the sludge on belt, sludge temperature is further decreased, and according to the difference of sludge quality, sludge is from freezing
Temperature is controlled at -5 DEG C when discharge in machine.With the reduction of sludge temperature, the structure of sludge also changes, and liquid water becomes solid
State water, while the microorganism of sludge is destructurized.The gas being discharged from refrigerator is reused after refrigeration machine cooling.From
The sludge being discharged in refrigerator enters ball mill, and sludge solids are broken under abrading-ball effect, physics, the biological structure quilt of sludge
Further destroy.It is passed through cooling gas in ball mill, maintains the temperature in ball mill at -15 DEG C.The dirt transferred out from ball mill
Mud is delivered to centrifuge by conveyor screw, heat transferring medium water is passed through in conveyor screw collet, temperature rises to often after sludge heat absorption
Temperature, sludge are converted to liquid, and the cooling sludge of blade cooler is entered after water heat exchange.Liquid sludge is 2800 revs/min by revolving speed
Clock, time are after the machinery of centrifuge separation in 2 minutes is dehydrated, and the moisture content of sludge can be down to 32%.