CN106390703A - System for controlling desulphurization of fire coal by using wireless sensor network and red mud - Google Patents

System for controlling desulphurization of fire coal by using wireless sensor network and red mud Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106390703A
CN106390703A CN201610392161.9A CN201610392161A CN106390703A CN 106390703 A CN106390703 A CN 106390703A CN 201610392161 A CN201610392161 A CN 201610392161A CN 106390703 A CN106390703 A CN 106390703A
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China
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red mud
coal
flue gas
sensor network
valve
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张龙
白春红
卓凡
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Hebei University of Engineering
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Hebei University of Engineering
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
    • B01D53/50—Sulfur oxides
    • B01D53/508—Sulfur oxides by treating the gases with solids
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06N—COMPUTING ARRANGEMENTS BASED ON SPECIFIC COMPUTATIONAL MODELS
    • G06N5/00—Computing arrangements using knowledge-based models
    • G06N5/04—Inference or reasoning models
    • G06N5/048—Fuzzy inferencing

Abstract

The invention discloses a system for controlling desulphurization of fire coal by using a wireless sensor network and red mud, belonging to the field of intelligent control techniques for desulphurization of flue gas in environmental engineering. The system comprises a coal-fired boiler system, a wireless continuous SO2 monitoring system, a data acquisition and processing system and an intelligent management and control system for conveying of red mud powder. The invention has the beneficial effects that the low-cost self-organizing low-power wireless continuous SO2 monitoring system based on the wireless sensor network and the data acquisition and processing system are constructed; and the stable, reliable and flexibly-configured intelligent management and control system for conveying of red mud powder is constructed. Thus, dry-process desulphurization in a coal-fired boiler is realized. The system is applicable to dry-process desulphurization in coal-fired boilers used in industries like the electricity industry, the metallurgy industry, the non-ferrous industry and the chemical industry, reduces problems caused by red mud accumulation, lowers the discharge amount of SO2 gas in the flue gas of the coal-fired boilers, alleviates acid rain and atmospheric pollution and achieves the purposes of treatment of the waste with the waste and changing of the waste into the valuable.

Description

Wireless sensor network and the system of red mud control coal desulfurization
Technical field
The present invention relates to environmental project flue gas desulfurization field of intelligent control technology is and in particular to wireless sensor network and red mud control The system of coal desulfurization processed.
Background technology
China is the country of the energy resource structure based on fire coal, is coal production state maximum in the world and country of consumption, and coal provides Source is verified recoverable reserves and is 184,200,000,000 tons, and reserves occupy the 3rd, the world, and annual production reaches more than 1,200,000,000 tons, accounts for the world The 25% of coal production.At present, China's primary energy is based on coal, accounts for the 2/3 of primary energy consumption figure it is contemplated that 2020 Year accounts for 3/5, and the year two thousand fifty also accounts for 1/2 about.
However, a large amount of use of coal also brings very big pressure to the atmospheric environment of China, the atmosphere pollution that fire coal causes Mainly there are flue dust, SO2、NOX、CO2Deng, with being continuously increased of China's Coal-fired capacity, coal fire discharged SO2Also continuous Increase, for years more than 20,000,000 tons, occupy first place in the world, wherein, SO in 20082Discharge capacity is 2321.2 ten thousand tons. Due to SO2A large amount of discharges, cause China occur large-area acid rain, it not only jeopardizes health, also to ecological environment Cause greatly to endanger with industrial and agricultural production.In 500 cities (county) of Country Monitor in 2007, acid rain has 281 Individual, account for 56.2%, the city that precipitation mean ph value is less than 5.6 has 196, accounts for 39.2%.China Environmental Science Research Institute, The result of study of the units such as Tsing-Hua University shows, by SO2The loss causing to China etc. the Acid Rain Pollution leading to per year over 110000000000 yuan, often discharge 1 ton of SO2Will result in the loss more than 5000 yuan, the loss caused by atmosphere pollution accounts for every year The 2%～3% of China GDP.Therefore, to SO2Environmental capacity become China's environmental problem urgently to be resolved hurrily.
Clean coal technology (Clean Coal Technology, CCT) is the dominant technology that our times various countries solve environmental problem One of, it is also the key areas of high-tech international competition, clean coal technology is related to Coal dressing, burning, conversion, pollution The fields such as control, its core technology is coal high-efficiency clean combustion technique.At present, control coal-fired SO2The major technique of pollution 4 classes can be divided into：Desulfurization before burning, such as physics washed coal method, chemical washed coal method etc.；Desulfurization in burning, such as in-furnace calcium spraying, Capturing sulfur briquette, CFBC etc.；Desulfurization after burning, such as flue gas desulfurization (FGD)；Desulfurization in coal conversion process, As Coal Gasification, coal gas combined cycle generation etc..At present, state's outer control fire coal SO2The most effective means of pollution are that coal is washed Choosing and FGD, but its capital expenditure and operating cost are higher.According to China's national situation, using combustion with low cost, simple process In burning, desulfurization technology is to control one of effective means of pollution.Lime stone is because of its aboundresources, cheap and easy to get, is widely used as The desulfurizing agent of desulfurization in burning.Lime stone has higher desulfuration efficiency when 850 DEG C～950 DEG C, but from current actual motion Result is seen, desulfuration efficiency in recirculating fluidized bed for the lime stone is relatively low, and calcium transformation ratio is not high, under other combustion systems, effect Rate is lower, is usually no more than 40%.Some scholars have studied the effect to lime stone desulphurization during combustion for the one-component chemical substance Really, but because it is expensive and desulfurized effect is unsatisfactory it is difficult to industrialization.
Document《The Coal biomass briquette of red mud and its study mechanism》(Zhao Gaiju, Lu Chunmei, rural area etc.,《Chemistry of fuel journal》 The 3rd phase of volume 36 in 2008) point out have a large amount of discarded objects to pile up in industrial production at present, these discarded objects had both occupied necessarily Can land used, cause severe contamination again, bring very big inconvenience to environmental improvement.Part discarded object such as alkali factory waste residue, potassium permanganate Factory waste residue, cinder, aluminium ore slag (red mud), Iron-ore Slag, salt factory waste residue etc., internal some compositions (CaO, MgO, K2O、 Na2O、NaOH、Na2CO3) can be with SO2Directly react generation sulfate or double salt；Some compositions (Fe, Ba with The compound of Mn and NaCl) strengthening/catalytic action can be risen to the vulcanization reaction process of CaO, so that the vulcanization reaction speed of calcium is added Hurry up, calcium utilization improves.If lime stone can be replaced to carry out combustion desulfurization with it, two kinds of give up extremely harmful to environment can be made Gurry is neutralized, and reaches the purpose of " treatment of wastes with processes of wastes against one another ".
China started from 1954 to produce aluminum oxide with sintering process, and red mud is the maximum discarded object producing in aluminum oxide production process, It is also the maximum pollution sources of alumina producer, red mud is general solid waste, is not belonging to emissive industrial waste residue, belongs to highly basic waste residue, It is a kind of serious alkaline pollution source, the pH value of its attached liquid is more than 12.5.Due to production method, technical merit and bauxite The difference of grade, often produces 1 ton of aluminum oxide 1.0 tons～1.8 tons red mud of output simultaneously.Domestic aluminum oxide yield is 700 within 2000 Ten thousand tons, more than about 7,000,000 tons of discharge red mud；Domestic aluminum oxide yield is 8,500,000 tons within 2005, discharges red mud about 8,500,000 More than ton；Domestic aluminum oxide yield is 30,000,000 tons within estimated 2010, more than about 45,000,000 tons of discharge red mud.At present, I State's red mud mainly stores up process using outdoor the building a dam of wet method, substantial amounts of red mud due to not being fully utilized and processing, not only Land occupation resource, expends a large amount of stockyards and builds and maintenance cost (administration fee often storing up 1 ton of red mud is 50 yuan～100 yuan), Considerably increase the production cost of aluminum oxide.Additionally, the red mud waste liquid of strong basicity, high basicity causes water body, alkalization of soils, Polluted underground water source, leads to environmental protection pressure to increase severely.Red mud problem seriously governs sustainable development and the three wastes of aluminum oxide industry How the emphasis administered and difficult point, limit environmental hazard and the comprehensive utilization red mud by all kinds of means of red mud, it has also become aluminum oxide The problem that Industry Demanding solves.
Red mud can be divided into sintering process, Bayer process and combination method red mud, and main component is SiO2、Al2O3、CaO、Fe2O3Deng. The red mud that Chalco Shandong branch company produces is mainly sintering process, Bayer process red mud, and main component is CaO and hydrate, Water content is about 70%～80%, and its pH value is about 12.5～13, with SO2、SO3Deng sour gas reaction have very strong Activity, and containing more CaO, SiO2And 2CaO Si2O3·CaCO3·3CaO·Al2O3Exist, using its CaO MgO Content characteristic and a small amount of TiO2MnO comprehensively utilizes to red mud, is used for dry method in coal boiler as desulfurizing agent Desulfurization, has energy-conservation, water saving, reduces multiple realistic meanings such as limestone resource consumption, thus reaching, " treatment of wastes with processes of wastes against one another, change are useless For treasured " purpose.
Chinese patent ZL200810246590.0 discloses the method carrying out coal combustion and sulfur fixation using red mud, belongs in coal boiler Dry desulfurization category；Chinese patent ZL200610098706.1, ZL200610098705.7 and ZL200610200499.6 are equal
Disclose and processed as desulfurizing agent using red mud or absorb the SO in coal-fired flue-gas2Method, but only belong to FGD category, It runs, maintenance cost is high, and technical process is complex, and easily causes secondary pollution.Above-mentioned Chinese patent only discloses red Mud carry out in stove as desulfurizing agent or external desulfurzation technique, but have no report in terms of coal-burning boiler desulphurization system structure.
Wireless sensor network combines sensor technology, embedding assembly technology, distributed information processing and communication skill Art, is widely used to that volume of transmitted data is little, communication distance is short, propagation delay time and real-time monitoring low in energy consumption, perception at present In the various environment of collection or monitoring object information, it is a revolution of information Perception and collection.Therefore, combining wireless sensing Technical advantage in terms of real-time data acquisition and monitoring for the device network, using red mud as desulfurizing agent, to existing coal-burning boiler Desulphurization system is optimized transformation, to being pushed further into China's energy-saving and emission-reduction, build a resource-conserving and environment-friendly society Tool is of great significance.
Content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is to provide a kind of wireless sensor network and red mud to control the system of coal desulfurization, Build a set of low cost, self-organizing, the SO based on wireless sensor network of low-power consumption2Wireless continuous monitor system and number According to collection and processing system, it is to avoid traditional wire mode system cost is high, install the big shortcoming of maintenance difficulties, on this basis, Using red mud as desulfurizing agent, build a kind of intelligent managing and control system of reliable and stable, flexible configuration red mud powder conveying, thus real Dry desulfurization in existing coal boiler.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution used in the present invention is：
Wireless sensor network and red mud control coal desulfurization system it is characterised in that：Including coal-burning boiler system, SO2 Wireless continuous monitor system, data Collection ＆ Processing System, the intelligent managing and control system of red mud powder conveying, described
(1) coal-burning boiler system：
Connect deduster including coal-powder boiler or CFBB, deduster connects air-introduced machine by flue, air-introduced machine connects Chimney；Ignition temperature is+850 DEG C～+980 DEG C；
(2)SO2Wireless continuous monitor system：
By wireless sensor network as core networking framework, described wireless sensor network includes SO2Sampling sensor section Point, sink node, are connected with data Collection ＆ Processing System by gateway and radio receiving transmitting module；
(3) data Collection ＆ Processing System；
A, acquisition and process are derived from SO2The data that wireless continuous monitor system transmission comes, to data storage, process, identification no Effect data；
B, control SO2The day-to-day operation of wireless continuous monitor system, provides authentication test and checks required information, print survey The SO of amount2Flue gas flow value, concentration of emission value and discharge capacity data, with environmental protection of enterprise administrative responsibile institution remote supervision system Connect, PLC system communicates；
(4) the intelligent managing and control system of red mud powder conveying；
Realize red mud powder is fed the Based Intelligent Control of motor speed using PLC system, red mud powder is realized using fuzzy-adaptation PID control Feeding coal and SO2Dynamic equilibrium between concentration of emission value, described fuzzy-adaptation PID control includes fuzzy system, PID control Device, A/D modular converter, and with red mud powder induction system wired connection.
Further technical scheme is：Described SO2Sampling sensor node includes sampling probe, SO2Flue gas pretreatment module, SO2Flue gas analysis module, A/D modular converter, processor module, memory module, wireless communication module, intelligent power mould Block：Described SO2The sampling sensor node installation flue (22) that deduster (21) exports in coal-burning boiler system is vertical On pipeline section, at monitoring position, flue does not leak out, described SO2The method of sampling of sampling sensor node is direct extraction, adopts Sample flow is 3L/min, and flow error is less than ± 0.1L/min, and environment temperature is+5 DEG C～+45 DEG C, measures smoke emissioning concentration Value scope is 0mg/Nm3～5000mg/Nm3, to SO2It is non-dispersion infrared absorption process that flue gas measures analysis method.
Further technical scheme is：Described sampling probe is popped one's head in for electrical heating stainless steel, and probe internally provided have to SO2Flue gas In the surface filter that filtered of particulate matter and to SO2That heats mixes heat pipe.
Further technical scheme is：Described SO2Flue gas analysis module adopts pressure differential method to measure SO2Flue gas flow value, row Put concentration value and SO2Smoke discharge amount；The processing unit of differential pressure method includes Pitot tube unit and differential pressure transmitter unit, Pi Tuo Pipe has two pressure taps, is total pressure measurement hole and static bole, total pressure measurement hole be aligned gas flow direction, measurement be Stagnation pressure, total pressure measurement hole is vertical with flow direction, and measurement is static pressure, the difference of differential pressure transmitter measurement two value, i.e. dynamic pressure, Flow velocity is directly proportional to the square root of dynamic pressure；
Described SO2Smoke discharge amount is calculated as follows：
Wherein, GhFor SO2Flue gas hour discharge capacity (kg/h), c is SO under standard state2Continuous flue gas monitoring hour is put down All concentration (mg/m3), QmFor doing SO under standard state2Flue gas hourly average flow (m3/ h), GdFor SO2Flue gas day Discharge capacity (t/d),For i-th hour SO in this sky2Smoke discharge amount (kg/h), GmFor SO2Flue gas moon discharge capacity (t/m), GyFor SO2Flue gas annual emissions (t/y).
Further technical scheme is：Described sink node include sensor assembly, extensive interface, processor module, Memory module, wireless communication module, using wired powering mode.
Further technical scheme is：Described red mud powder induction system connects coal-burning boiler system, red mud powder induction system bag Include red mud powder powder cabin, below red mud powder powder cabin, be provided with feed hopper, between feed hopper and red mud powder powder cabin, be provided with feeding seal electricity Magnet valve, described feed hopper entrance is provided with inlet valve and position material meter, is connected with cable with above feed hopper above red mud powder powder cabin, Cable is provided with balanced valve and seal pressure switch, and feed hopper lower end is provided with injection system, connects the pipe of coal-burning boiler system Road is provided with injection system unimpeded valve and enters stove fast valve, and the pipeline other end connects air compressor machine, between be provided with intake valve and air inlet Pipe pressure switchs.
Further technical scheme is：Described injection system include roots blower, pipeline, elbow, injector, blender, Vane type rotary feed valve, insertion plate door, rotatory feeder valve switch board, vane type rotary feed valve and roots blower are using interlocking Control.
Further technical scheme is：Described red mud powder powder cabin is arranged in zero meter of layer, and bottom is provided with the stream of only red mud powder caking Gasifying device prevents, top is provided with deduster and pressure vacuum relief valve.
Further technical scheme is：Described feed hopper adopts two-stage feed hopper, is made up of upper feed hopper and lower feed hopper.
Further technical scheme is：Described fuzzy system adopts the structure of two input three output, and input variable is System SO2Deviation e between setting value and actual monitoring value and deviation variation rate ec, after obfuscation, input variable e is changed into E, deviation variation rate ecIt is changed into EC, output quantity is pid parameter Kp、Ki、Kd, according to different deviations and change of error Rate carries out on-line tuning to pid parameter.
Have the beneficial effects that using produced by technique scheme：
Carry out SO by wireless sensor network2Wireless continuous monitoring, presents self-organizing, autonomy, self adaptation etc. no first The characteristic of line sensor network, meanwhile, have with low cost, low in energy consumption, reliable and stable, configuration simple and flexible, implement just Prompt the features such as.The present invention is applied to dry desulfurization in the coal boilers of industry such as electric power, metallurgy, coloured, chemical industry, both subtracts Lack red mud and piled up the problem brought it is achieved that the recycling of resource, effectively reduce SO in fire coal boiler fume again2Gas The discharge capacity of body, mitigates acid rain and atmosphere pollution, has reached the purpose of " treatment of wastes with processes of wastes against one another is turned waste into wealth ".
Brief description
The present invention is further detailed explanation with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the SO of the present invention2Wireless continuous monitor system structural representation；
Fig. 3 is the SO of the present invention2Wireless continuous monitor system sampling sensor node hardware structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is the SO of the present invention2Wireless continuous monitor system sink node hardware structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the Discussions on Desulphurization Process of Coal Burning Boiler of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the intelligent managing and control system illustrative view of functional configuration of red mud powder conveying of the present invention.
Wherein：1- red mud powder powder cabin, the upper feed hopper of 2a-, feed hopper under 2b-, 3- removes feeding seal magnetic valve, 4- inlet valve, 5- position material meter, 6- balanced valve, 7- seal pressure switchs, 8- unimpeded valve, and 9- enters stove fast valve, 10- pipeline, 11- intake valve, 12- Suction press switchs, 21- deduster, 22- flue, 23- air-introduced machine.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely retouched State it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on this Embodiment in invention, the every other reality that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of not making creative work Apply example, broadly fall into the scope of protection of the invention.
Elaborate a lot of details in the following description in order to fully understand the present invention, but the present invention can also adopt Other are different from alternate manner described here to implement, and those skilled in the art can be in the situation without prejudice to intension of the present invention Under do similar popularization, therefore the present invention is not limited by following public specific embodiment.
As shown in figure 1, the present invention includes coal-burning boiler system, SO2Wireless continuous monitor system, data Collection ＆ Processing System, Intelligent 4 functional structures of managing and control system of red mud powder conveying.
As shown in Fig. 2 coal-burning boiler system includes coal-powder boiler or CFBB connects deduster 21, deduster 21 leads to Cross flue 22 and connect air-introduced machine 23, air-introduced machine 23 connects chimney；Ignition temperature is+850 DEG C～+980 DEG C.
SO2Wireless continuous monitor system, by wireless sensor network as core networking framework, described wireless sensor network Including SO2Sampling sensor node, sink node, by gateway and radio receiving transmitting module and data Collection ＆ Processing System phase Connect.
Data Collection ＆ Processing System：A, acquisition and process are derived from SO2The data that wireless continuous monitor system transmission comes, logarithm According to storage, process, identify invalid data；B, control SO2The day-to-day operation of wireless continuous monitor system, provides authentication test With inspection required information, print the SO of measurement2Flue gas flow value, concentration of emission value and discharge capacity data, with environmental protection of enterprise Administrative responsibile institution's remote supervision system connects, PLC system communication.
As shown in figure 3, the SO of the present invention2Wireless continuous monitor system sampling sensor node hardware structure by sampling probe, SO2Flue gas pretreatment module, SO2Flue gas analysis module, A/D modular converter, processor module, memory module, wireless Communication module, Smart Power Module composition.
Sampling probe is popped one's head in for electrical heating stainless steel, and probe internally provided large surface filter, to SO2Particulate matter in flue gas is carried out Effectively filter, SO2It is heated after entering probe.Transmission SO2Heat pipe of mixing there is temperature adjustment effect so that SO2Whole Certain high temperature is all kept, thus eliminating any SO in individual transmitting procedure2The measure error brought because of possible dissolving.
SO2The SO that flue gas pretreatment module obtains to sampling2Carry out cooled dehydrated, filtration treatment, gas-liquid separation, Flow-rate adjustment Operation.SO2Flue gas analysis module adopts pressure differential method to measure SO2Flue gas flow value, concentration of emission value and discharge capacity.Differential pressure method Main processing units are made up of Pitot tube unit and differential pressure transmitter unit 2 part.Pitot tube has 2 pressure taps, a hole Be aligned gas flow direction, measurement is stagnation pressure, and another hole is vertical with flow direction, and measurement is static pressure.Differential pressure transmitter Measure their difference, i.e. dynamic pressure.Flow velocity is directly proportional to the square root of dynamic pressure.Therefore, its certainty of measurement is in the range first half relatively Height, relatively low in range lower half.Described SO2Smoke discharge amount is calculated as follows：
Wherein, GhFor SO2Flue gas hour discharge capacity (kg/h), c is SO under standard state2Continuous flue gas monitoring hour is put down All concentration (mg/m3), QmFor doing SO under standard state2Flue gas hourly average flow (m3/ h), GdFor SO2Flue gas day Discharge capacity (t/d),For i-th hour SO in this sky2Smoke discharge amount (kg/h), GmFor SO2Flue gas moon discharge capacity (t/m), GyFor SO2Flue gas annual emissions (t/y).
Processor module adopts the PIC18F4620 single-chip microcomputer of Microchip company of the U.S., have that low in energy consumption, integrated level is high, Small volume and the feature of low cost, PIC18F4620 has rich in natural resources：64KB Flash program memory, 4KB in piece Data SRAM, the EEPROM of 1024Byte and abundant I/O port：10bit 13 passage analog-to-digital conversion module, Hold automatic data collection function, and can be changed in sleep state；1 8bit and 3 16bit hardware Timer/Counter；2 CCP module, analog comparator on programmable watchdog timer and piece, on-chip voltage reference circuit；10 kinds of optional crystal shake Swing pattern；Additionally, also main synchronous serial interface (MSSP) module and enhancement mode addressable USART module, MSSP mould Block supports the master/slave pattern of 3 line SPI and I2C, and USART module supports RS-485, RS-232 and LIN 1.2.
Wireless communication module adopts the CC2420 radio frequency chip of Chipcon company of Norway, and its operating frequency is 2.4GHz, tool There is complete Zigbee protocol stack (IEEE802.15.4 standard).CC2420 RF transceiver contains physical layer (PHY) Layer and media access control (MAC) layer, can set up a wireless network possessing 65000 nodes, and can expand at any time. CC2420 chip transfer rate is 250kb/s, has low-power consumption, relatively low fast wake-up time (less than 30ms), CSMA/CA The characteristics such as channel status detecting.CC2420 can arrange the mode of operation of chip by 4 line spi bus, realizes read/write caching Data and read/write status register etc.；Transmitting/order caching can be arranged by the state controlling FIFO and FIFOP pin interface Device；Removing channel estimation can be controlled by the setting of CCA pin status：Can be controlled by the setting of SFD pin status The input of clock/timing information processed.
Smart Power Module is by single lithium battery (capacity 1200mA h), intelligent battery detection device (DS2438), battery Protection circuit (R54210), charging chip (MAX1551), power supply processing circuit and peripheral interface circuit composition, for section Point provides the function such as intelligent charge and short circuit protection.
As shown in figure 4, the SO of the present invention2Wireless continuous monitor system sink node hardware structure by sensor assembly, can expand Exhibition interface, processor module, memory module, wireless communication module composition, using wired powering mode, each functional module With SO2Wireless continuous monitor system sampling sensor node hardware structure is identical.
As Fig. 2, shown in Fig. 5, Fig. 6, the Discussions on Desulphurization Process of Coal Burning Boiler of the present invention is by red mud powder induction system and coal-burning boiler system 2 parts of uniting form.The intelligent managing and control system of red mud powder conveying, realizes red mud powder is fed the intelligence of motor speed using PLC system Can control, thus the conveying of real-time adjustment red mud powder feeding coal, red mud powder feeding coal and SO be realized using fuzzy-adaptation PID control2 Dynamic equilibrium between concentration of emission value, to reach the optimal value of red mud powder feeding coal conveying, including fuzzy system, PID Controller, A/D modular converter, and with red mud powder induction system wired connection.
Described red mud powder induction system connects coal-burning boiler system, and red mud powder induction system includes red mud powder powder cabin 1, red mud powder powder It is provided with feed hopper below storehouse 1, between feed hopper and red mud powder powder cabin 1, is provided with feeding seal magnetic valve 3, described feed hopper enters Mouth is provided with inlet valve 4 and position material meter 5, is connected with cable, cable is provided with balance above red mud powder powder cabin 1 top and feed hopper Valve 6 and seal pressure switch 7, feed hopper lower end is provided with injection system, and the pipeline 10 connecing coal-burning boiler system is provided with Unimpeded valve 8 and enter stove fast valve 9, pipeline 10 other end connects air compressor machine, between be provided with intake valve 11) and suction press Switch 12.
Described injection system includes roots blower, pipeline, elbow, injector, blender, vane type rotary feed valve, inserts Plate door, rotatory feeder valve switch board, vane type rotary feed valve and roots blower adopt interlocked control.
Described red mud powder powder cabin 1 is arranged in zero meter of layer, and the fluidizer that bottom is provided with only red mud powder caking prevents, top is provided with removes Dirt device and pressure vacuum relief valve.
Described feed hopper adopts two-stage feed hopper, is made up of upper feed hopper 2a and lower feed hopper 2b.
Red mud powder induction system normal circulation flow process is：In system, all valves are closed, and press " start button ", Time delay 5s, in judgement, whether the upper feeding valve of feed hopper closes and puts in place, if closing not in place, stop system is reported to the police；If so, open Feed hopper sealing valve (sealing ring punching press, pressure switch sets 0.45MPa).Time delay 5s, judges seal pressure to no, if It is less than, stop system is reported to the police；If arriving, judging whether the lower inlet valve of lower feed hopper closes and putting in place, if closing not in place, stop system Report to the police；If so, open lower feed hopper sealing valve (sealing ring punching press, pressure switch sets 0.45MPa).Time delay 5s, sentences Disconnected seal pressure to no, if being less than, report to the police by stop system；If arriving, opening into stove fast valve, time delay 5s, judging into stove quick closing valve Whether valve reaches position, if opening not in place, stop system is reported to the police；If reaching position, driving air valve, time delay 10s into, judging pipeline The whether high warning of pressure switch (pressure switch sets 0.07MPa), if reporting to the police it was demonstrated that pipeline plugging, answers stop system to enter Row blows stifled manually.If not reporting to the police, opening rotary feeder, time delay 10s, judging whether rotary feeder has operation instruction, if not having Have, stop system is reported to the police；If having, time delay 4s, judge whether lower feed hopper has low material position to report to the police, if having, lower feed hopper does not enter The upper feed hopper feed cycle of material execution is until upper feed hopper high charge level, if no material position warning, lower feed hopper sealing ring pressure release, Time delay 5s, judges whether lower feed hopper sealing ring pressure has been let out, if also seal pressure, stop system waits, if not close Seal pressure, opens the lower inlet valve of lower feed hopper and lower balanced valve, the low material position of time delay ns or lower feed hopper to and time delay 30s, Close the lower inlet valve of lower feed hopper and lower balanced valve, the lower inlet valve of lower feed hopper closes time delay 4s after putting in place, and lower feed hopper is close Envelope valve punching press.Instantly, after feed hopper sealing valve stamping pressure reaches setting value, in judgement, whether feed hopper has high charge level？If having, The lower feed hopper feed cycle of circulation；If no high charge level, upper feed hopper sealing ring pressure release, time delay 5s, feed hopper sealing in judgement Whether circle pressure has been let out, if also seal pressure, stop system waits, if not having seal pressure, opens the upper of feed hopper Inlet valve and upper balanced valve, time delay ns or upper feed hopper high charge level arrives, and shuts the upper feeding valve of feed hopper and upper balanced valve, prolongs When 5s, the upper feeding valve of upper feed hopper closes time delay 4s after putting in place, the upper feeding valve seals punching press of upper feed hopper.System is upper Feed hopper and lower feed hopper carry out upper and lower feed cycle.Red mud powder induction system stops circulation process：Close and close feed hopper Upper feeding valve and upper balanced valve, time delay 5s, the upper feeding valve of upper feed hopper closes the rear feeding sealing valve that puts in place and is sealed, time delay 20s, after the upper feeding valve seal pressure of upper feed hopper arrives, the lower inlet valve of feed hopper and lower balanced valve under closing, time delay 5s, The lower inlet valve of lower feed hopper closes the rear feeding sealing valve that puts in place and is sealed, and time delay 35s stops rotary feeder, rotary feeder Time delay 25s after stopping, stopping intake valve, time delay 10s, stops into stove fast valve, time delay 3s, the entering of upper feed hopper and lower feed hopper Material sealing valve pressure release.
The intelligent managing and control system functional structure of red mud powder conveying of the present invention using fuzzy-adaptation PID control realize red mud powder feeding coal with SO2Dynamic equilibrium between concentration of emission value, to reach the optimal value of red mud powder feeding coal conveying.Fuzzy PID Control System is adopted With the structure of two input three output, input variable is system SO2Deviation e between setting value and actual monitoring value and change of error Rate ec, after obfuscation, input variable e is changed into E, deviation variation rate ecIt is changed into EC, output quantity is pid parameter Kp、Ki、 Kd.On-line tuning is carried out to pid parameter according to different deviations and deviation variation rate, to meet not in the same time to control parameter Different requirements so that controlled device has good dynamic and static performance.
Assume the SO of monitoring2Concentration of emission value is v, and red mud powder feeding coal is u, given SO2Concentration of emission value standard value is X (i.e. SO2Concentration of emission setting value), then according to fuzzy control principle, using conventional mathematical software set up output quantity v with Mathematical Modeling v=Φ (u, x) of input quantity u and x.Through SO2Wireless continuous monitor system data collection is obtained with processing system SO2The digital quantity of concentration of emission value, then with SO2Concentration set point is compared, according to Fuzzy PID pair Error amount is calculated, and operation result (digital quantity) is given analog output module, is changed into electric current letter after D/A conversion Number, from there through PLC Intelligent adjustment rotatory feeder valve motor speed, and then the feeding coal of control rotary feeder, realize red The automatic control function of mud powder feeding coal.Pid parameter Kp、Ki、KdIt is to characterize ratio in control process for the PID controller The parameter of example, integration and differential action degree, carries out pid parameter self-tuning fuzzy algorithmic approach step with Fuzzy Rule Sets reasoning Suddenly it is：
Step 1：By E, ECAnd Kp、Ki、KdVariable obfuscation, determines the degree of membership of respective fuzzy subset.
Step 2：Use Kp、Ki、KdObtain ambiguity correction model to express the trimming process of parameter.
Step 2：Application fuzzy synthetic reason calculates Kp、KiAnd KdAmbiguity correction matrix table.
By E, ECAnd Kp、Ki、KdFuzzy subset degree of membership, in the degree of membership assignment table according to each fuzzy subset With the fuzzy adjustment rule model of each parameter, the pid parameter fuzzy adjustment matrix table designed with fuzzy synthetic reason, this It is the core of adjusting system FUZZY ALGORITHMS FOR CONTROL, and be deposited in program storage for inquiry.Define Kp、Ki、KdGinseng Number adjusts formula：
Kp=K 'p+ { E, EC } Kp=K 'p+ΔKp
Ki=K 'i+ { E, EC } Ki=K 'i+ΔKi
Kd=K 'd+ { E, EC } Kd=K 'd+ΔKd
Wherein, Kp、Ki、KdParameter is the parameter of PID controller, K 'p、K′i、K′dIt is Kp、Ki、KdJust Beginning parameter, can be obtained by conventional method, during on-line operation, by SO2Wireless continuous monitor system is continually monitored SO2The output response of concentration, and calculate deviation and deviation variation rate in real time, then its obfuscation is obtained E, EC, lead to Cross inquiry fuzzy adjustment matrix and can get Kp、Ki、KdThe adjustment amount of three parameters, completes the adjustment to controller parameter.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all spirit in the present invention and Within principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement made etc., should be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. wireless sensor network and red mud control coal desulfurization system it is characterised in that：Including coal-burning boiler system, SO2 Wireless continuous monitor system, data Collection ＆ Processing System, the intelligent managing and control system of red mud powder conveying, described
(1) coal-burning boiler system：
Connect deduster (21) including coal-powder boiler or CFBB, deduster (21) passes through flue (22) and connects Air-introduced machine (23), air-introduced machine (23) connects chimney；Ignition temperature is+850 DEG C～+980 DEG C；
(2)SO2Wireless continuous monitor system：
By wireless sensor network as core networking framework, described wireless sensor network includes SO2Sampling sensor section Point, sink node, are connected with data Collection ＆ Processing System by gateway and radio receiving transmitting module；
(3) data Collection ＆ Processing System：
A, acquisition and process are derived from SO2The data that wireless continuous monitor system transmission comes, to data storage, process, identification no Effect data；
B, control SO2The day-to-day operation of wireless continuous monitor system, provides authentication test and checks required information, print survey The SO of amount2Flue gas flow value, concentration of emission value and discharge capacity data, with environmental protection of enterprise administrative responsibile institution remote supervision system Connect, PLC system communicates；
(4) the intelligent managing and control system of red mud powder conveying：
Realize red mud powder is fed the Based Intelligent Control of motor speed using PLC system, red mud powder is realized using fuzzy-adaptation PID control Feeding coal and SO2Dynamic equilibrium between concentration of emission value, described fuzzy-adaptation PID control includes fuzzy system, PID control Device, A/D modular converter, and with red mud powder induction system wired connection.
2. wireless sensor network according to claim 1 and red mud control coal desulfurization system it is characterised in that： Described SO2Sampling sensor node includes sampling probe, SO2Flue gas pretreatment module, SO2Flue gas analysis module, A/D turn Die change block, processor module, memory module, wireless communication module, Smart Power Module：Described SO2Sampling sensor On the vertical pipeline section of the node installation flue (22) that deduster (21) exports in coal-burning boiler system, flue at monitoring position Do not leak out, described SO2The method of sampling of sampling sensor node is direct extraction, and sampling flow is 3L/min, and flow is by mistake Difference is less than ± 0.1L/min, and environment temperature is+5 DEG C～+45 DEG C, and measurement smoke emissioning concentration value scope is 0mg/Nm3~ 5000mg/Nm3, to SO2It is non-dispersion infrared absorption process that flue gas measures analysis method.
3. wireless sensor network according to claim 2 and red mud control coal desulfurization system it is characterised in that： Described sampling probe is popped one's head in for electrical heating stainless steel, and probe internally provided have to SO2The surface mistake that particulate matter in flue gas is filtered Filter and to SO2That heats mixes heat pipe.
4. wireless sensor network according to claim 2 and red mud control coal desulfurization system it is characterised in that： Described SO2Flue gas analysis module adopts pressure differential method to measure SO2Flue gas flow value, concentration of emission value and SO2Smoke discharge amount； The processing unit of differential pressure method includes Pitot tube unit and differential pressure transmitter unit, and Pitot tube has two pressure taps, is total pressure measurement Hole and static bole, total pressure measurement hole is directed at gas flow direction, and measurement is stagnation pressure, total pressure measurement hole and flow direction Vertically, measurement is static pressure, the difference of differential pressure transmitter measurement two value, i.e. dynamic pressure, and flow velocity is directly proportional to the square root of dynamic pressure；
Described SO2Smoke discharge amount is calculated as follows：
Gh=c Qm×10-6
G d = Σ i = 1 24 G h i × 10 - 3
G m = Σ i 31 G d i
G y = Σ i = 1 365 G d i
Wherein, GhFor SO2Flue gas hour discharge capacity (kg/h), c is SO under standard state2Continuous flue gas monitoring hour is put down All concentration (mg/m3), QmFor doing SO under standard state2Flue gas hourly average flow (m3/ h), GdFor SO2Flue gas day Discharge capacity (t/d),For i-th hour SO in this sky2Smoke discharge amount (kg/h), GmFor SO2Flue gas moon discharge capacity (t/m), GyFor SO2Flue gas annual emissions (t/y).
5. wireless sensor network according to claim 1 and red mud control coal desulfurization system it is characterised in that： Described sink node includes sensor assembly, extensive interface, processor module, memory module, wireless communication module, Using wired powering mode.
6. wireless sensor network according to claim 1 and red mud control coal desulfurization system it is characterised in that： Described red mud powder induction system connects coal-burning boiler system, and red mud powder induction system includes red mud powder powder cabin (1), red mud powder powder It is provided with feed hopper below storehouse (1), between feed hopper and red mud powder powder cabin (1), be provided with feeding seal magnetic valve (3), institute State feed hopper entrance and be provided with inlet valve (4) and position material meter (5), be connected with above feed hopper above red mud powder powder cabin (1) Cable, cable is provided with balanced valve (6) and seal pressure switch (7), and feed hopper lower end is provided with injection system, and connection connects The pipeline (10) of coal-burning boiler system is provided with unimpeded valve (8) and enters stove fast valve (9), and pipeline (10) other end is even Connect air compressor machine, between be provided with intake valve (11) and suction press switch (12).
7. wireless sensor network according to claim 6 and red mud control coal desulfurization system it is characterised in that： Described injection system include roots blower, pipeline, elbow, injector, blender, vane type rotary feed valve, insertion plate door, Rotatory feeder valve switch board, vane type rotary feed valve and roots blower adopt interlocked control.
8. wireless sensor network according to claim 6 and red mud control coal desulfurization system it is characterised in that： Described red mud powder powder cabin (1) is arranged in zero meter of layer, and the fluidizer that bottom is provided with only red mud powder caking prevents, top is provided with dedusting Device and pressure vacuum relief valve.
9. wireless sensor network according to claim 6 and red mud control coal desulfurization system it is characterised in that： Described feed hopper adopts two-stage feed hopper, is made up of upper feed hopper (2a) and lower feed hopper (2b).
10. wireless sensor network according to claim 1 and red mud control coal desulfurization system it is characterised in that： Described fuzzy system adopts the structure of two input three output, and input variable is system SO2Setting value and actual monitoring value Between deviation e and deviation variation rate ec, after obfuscation, input variable e is changed into E, deviation variation rate ecIt is changed into EC, defeated Output is pid parameter Kp、Ki、Kd, on-line tuning is carried out to pid parameter according to different deviations and deviation variation rate.
CN201610392161.9A 2016-05-26 2016-05-26 System for controlling desulphurization of fire coal by using wireless sensor network and red mud Pending CN106390703A (en)

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CN107247994A (en) * 2017-06-22 2017-10-13 东南大学 A kind of fuzzy Modeling Method of pallet absorber desulfurization device desulfuration efficiency
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