CN106385210A - DC electric locomotive speed control device based on flexible AC voltage regulation and DC electric locomotive speed control method thereof - Google Patents
DC electric locomotive speed control device based on flexible AC voltage regulation and DC electric locomotive speed control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106385210A CN106385210A CN201610870812.0A CN201610870812A CN106385210A CN 106385210 A CN106385210 A CN 106385210A CN 201610870812 A CN201610870812 A CN 201610870812A CN 106385210 A CN106385210 A CN 106385210A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P7/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors
- H02P7/06—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current
- H02P7/18—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power
- H02P7/24—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
- H02P7/28—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices
- H02P7/285—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices controlling armature supply only
- H02P7/292—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices controlling armature supply only using static converters, e.g. AC to DC
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Abstract
The invention discloses a DC electric locomotive speed control device based on flexible AC voltage regulation and a DC electric locomotive speed control method thereof. The device comprises a transformer and a current transformation device used for transforming and outputting adjustable DC voltage. The primary side of the transformer is connected with a traction network, and the secondary side is connected with a DC motor through the current transformation device. The current transformation device comprises an alternating current regulating module, a rectification module and a direct current processing module which are connected in turn. The alternating current regulating module accesses alternating current outputted by the transformer to perform regulation based on flexible control, and alternating current is transformed into the required direct current through the rectification module and the direct current processing module and then supplied to the DC motor. According to the method, the alternating current regulating module is controlled to regulate the first target quantity of the DC motor and limit the second target quantity so as to realize locomotive speed control. Continuously adjustable locomotive speed can be realized based on the locomotive system of the original high voltage regulating switch, and the device has the advantages of being simple in structure, low in the required cost and high in safety and reliability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to continuous current locomotive technical field, more particularly, to a kind of direct current power based on flexible AC pressure regulation
Locomotive speed control device and method.
Background technology
At present during some electrical power locomotive execution speeds control, it is that AC voltage adjusting is carried out by high pressure voltage regulating mode, then passes through
Rectifier bridge is shaped to the corresponding motor of direct voltage drive, is adjusted the original edge voltage of transformer by high voltage tap changer, realizes
Each polygonal voltage of transformer is adjustable, and secondary side alternating current is shaped to the corresponding motor of direct voltage drive by rectifier bridge again, thus
Realize locomotive speed control.Because high voltage tap changer has intrinsic characteristic and shaping modes, thus above-mentioned employing high pressure is adjusted
Compress switch and carry out voltage-controlled mode and there is problems with：
1) voltage is unable to that LINEAR CONTINUOUS is adjustable, can only be adjusted according to the fixing step value that tap changer sets；
2) frame for movement that tap changer adopts, extremely strict to machining and material requirements, production cost is high and mechanical
Structure is easily out of order, and is also not easy to be keeped in repair；
3) transformer primary side side joint enters supply conductor voltage, and rated value is AC25kV, and tap changer is arranged on transformer high-voltage
Side, is likely to occur phenomenon of arc discharge, thus generally also needs to extra arc extinguishing measure, security is not high during regulation；
4) because the locomotive speed moment is all being adjusted so that pressure regulation contact acts frequently, thus contact is easily damaged, reliable
Property not high, maintenance cost is high simultaneously.
For AC-DC locomotive speeds control, more commonly used is by the way of the fixing transformation of transformer, then will be fixing
Alternating voltage is shaped to adjustable direct voltage drive direct current motor of locomotive.As shown in figure 1, after transformer carries out transformation, then
Transformer time side, by the silicon unit converter plant being made up of diode and IGCT, fixing alternating voltage is shaped to adjustable
DC voltage, thus realize locomotive speed adjust.But for the AC-DC locomotive using high voltage adjusting mode, if high pressure is adjusted
The mode of section directly makes the mode of silicon unit DC voltage regulation as shown in Figure 1 into, because circuit structure differs greatly it is impossible to answer
With the original rectifier bridge of locomotive, locomotive transformer time side winding full-wave rectification bridge, and IGCT silicon unit must be replaced with, or more
, so that locomotive axle control pattern is changed to existing DC generator vehicle frame control pattern, therefore improvement cost is big, transformation task amount is big for transformation depressor,
And the change of control model will also result in certain impact to locomotive application.
Content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is that：The technical problem existing for prior art, the present invention provides one
Kind can system based on former high voltage tap changer, realize locomotive speed continuously adjustabe, and there is simple, the required cost of structure
Low, security and the high continuous current locomotive speed control unit based on flexible AC pressure regulation of reliability and method.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, technical scheme proposed by the present invention is：
A kind of continuous current locomotive speed control unit based on flexible AC pressure regulation, including transformer and be used for changing
The converter plant of output adjustable dc voltage, the former limit of described transformer connects Traction networks, and described converter plant is passed through even in secondary side
Connect direct current generator, described converter plant includes alternating current adjustment module, rectification module and the Direct current treatment mould being sequentially connected
Block, described alternating current adjustment module is adjusted based on the alternating current that Flexible Control accesses described transformer output, through described whole
After flow module, Direct current treatment module are converted to required direct current, it is supplied to direct current generator.
Improvement further as apparatus of the present invention：Described alternating current adjustment module includes interconnective IGCT and adjusts
Unit and control unit, described control unit controls the open angle of IGCT in described IGCT adjustment unit, to be based on
Flexible Control adjusts and exports continuously adjustable alternating current.
Improvement further as apparatus of the present invention：Described IGCT adjustment unit includes the IGCT of two reverse parallel connections
Or the thyristor cell of two groups of reverse parallel connections.
Improvement further as apparatus of the present invention：Described alternating current adjustment module also includes being arranged on motor side and is used for examining
Measured motor feeds back the sensor detector unit of signal and the synchronizing signal transformer being arranged on input, described sensor detection
Unit, described synchronizing signal transformer are connected with described control unit respectively.
Improvement further as apparatus of the present invention：Described rectification module is full wave bridge rectifier circuit；Described rectification module
It is specially full wave bridge rectifier circuit in locomotive.
Improvement further as apparatus of the present invention：The secondary winding and encouraging when winding includes drawing time of described transformer
The excitation time side winding of magnetic secondary winding, the described transformer of access when winding passes through the traction time disconnecting described transformer, controls
Proceed to damped condition.
Improvement further as apparatus of the present invention：Also include interconnective brak control unit and for detection system
The exciting current sensor of exciting current during condition of starting building, signal that described brak control unit feeds back according to direct current generator, described
The exciting current of exciting current sensor detection, controls the output voltage of described alternating current adjustment module.
The present invention further provides using the control method of above-mentioned continuous current locomotive speed control unit, the method includes
Traction control method, concrete steps include：
1) start described speed control unit and obtain traction control instruction, described speed control unit exports DC voltage
Drive direct current generator；
2), when locomotive speed being controlled adjusting, the signal of Real-time Collection direct current generator feedback, according to described traction control
System instruction and the signal of direct current generator feedback, adjust the first object of direct current generator by controlling described alternating current adjustment module
Amount, and the second aim parameter of direct current generator is limited.
As the improvement further of the inventive method, described alternating current adjustment module includes interconnective IGCT and adjusts
Unit and control unit, and by direct current generator voltage as first object amount, direct current generator electric current as the second mesh
During scalar, described step 2) concretely comprise the following steps：
2.1) magnitude of voltage of Real-time Collection direct current generator feedback, the voltage mesh being converted to according to described traction control instruction
Scale value and the magnitude of voltage of described direct current generator feedback, adjust the voltage of direct current generator by PID control；
2.2) current value of Real-time Collection direct current generator feedback, the current value according to the direct current generator feedback collecting is to straight
The electric current of stream motor carries out restriction process, electric current after output limitation process；Obtain and set in described alternating current adjustment module input
The synchronizing signal that the synchrotrans put are exported, electric current after being processed according to the described synchronizing signal obtaining and described restriction,
Pulse train needed for producing sends and triggers to described IGCT adjustment unit, to control to adjust locomotive speed, returns
Execution step 2.1), until exiting control.
As the improvement further of the inventive method, described alternating current adjustment module includes interconnective IGCT and adjusts
Unit and control unit, and by direct current generator electric current as first object amount, direct current generator voltage as the second mesh
During scalar, described step 2) concretely comprise the following steps：
2.1) current value of Real-time Collection direct current generator feedback, the electric current mesh being converted to according to described traction control instruction
Scale value and the current value of described direct current generator feedback, adjust the electric current of described direct current generator by PID；
2.2) magnitude of voltage of Real-time Collection direct current generator feedback, the magnitude of voltage according to the direct current generator feedback collecting is to straight
The voltage of stream motor carries out restriction process, voltage after output limitation process；According to needed for after described restriction process, voltage produces
Pulse train sends and triggers to described IGCT adjustment unit, to control to adjust locomotive speed, returns execution step
2.1), until exiting control.
As the improvement further of the inventive method, also include brake control method, concrete steps include：By described speed
The traction time of transformer described in control device is in winding, the excitation time that accesses described transformer while winding and disconnecting at direct current
Reason module, proceeds to execution damped condition；The signal of Real-time Collection direct current generator feedback, the signal according to feedback controls described exchange
The input side voltage of electric adjustment module, to control exciting current.
Compared with prior art, the advantage based on the continuous current locomotive speed control unit of flexible AC pressure regulation for the present invention
It is：
1) the continuous current locomotive speed control unit based on flexible AC pressure regulation for the present invention, in former high voltage adjusting mode
On the basis of electric locomotive system, remove high voltage adjusting switch, by arranging alternating current adjustment module to friendship on transformer time side
Stream electricity carries out Flexible Control regulation so that transformer time side alternating voltage continuously adjustabe, and alternating current is again by rectification module, direct current
Electric treatment module is converted to required DC powered direct current generator, realizes locomotive engine DC voltage continuously adjustabe, so that
Obtain locomotive speed continuously adjustabe, the mode adjusting compared to traditional high voltage tap changer, maintenance cost is low, there is not contact and holds
The problems such as fragile and contact arc discharge, locomotive axle control pattern need not be changed, can directly be multiplexed rectification circuit etc. in original system
Structure, and realize required low cost, reliability height；
2) the continuous current locomotive speed control unit based on flexible AC pressure regulation for the present invention, alternating current adjustment module enters one
Step realizes the regulation of alternating current Flexible Control by IGCT adjustment unit, by realizing to the control of IGCT open angle
The continuously adjustabe of alternating current, thus compared to direct current regulative mode, it is capable of continuously adjusting of electric moter voltage, thus realizing
Motor speed continuously adjustable, and reliability is higher；
3) the continuous current locomotive speed control unit based on flexible AC pressure regulation for the present invention in original system circuit logic and
On the basis of former protection controls, by arranging sensor detector unit, the control in conjunction with alternating current adjustment module can be according to motor
Electric current, the feedback signal of voltage are realized antiaircraft rotation protection, are altered car protection and the axle weight transfer for freight locomotive etc..
Compared with prior art, the advantage of the control method of continuous current locomotive speed control unit of the present invention is：This
The control method of invention continuous current locomotive speed control unit, the signal being fed back by Real-time Collection direct current generator and currently leading
Draw control instruction, alternating current adjustment module output quantity be adjusted, realize the first object amount closed-loop control to direct current generator,
And the second aim parameter is limited further, it is possible to achieve locomotive speed continuously adjustabe, voltage or electric current can be avoided to adjust simultaneously
Beyond normal range (NR) it is ensured that adjust safety and reliability.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of traditional AC-DC locomotive main circuit based on silicon unit DC voltage regulation mode.
Fig. 2 is that the structural principle based on the continuous current locomotive speed control unit of flexible AC pressure regulation for the present embodiment is illustrated
Figure.
Fig. 3 is that the concrete structure of continuous current locomotive speed control unit in the specific embodiment of the invention (six-axle car) is illustrated
Figure.
Fig. 4 is the principle schematic diagram. that in the specific embodiment of the invention (six-axle car), motor braking controls.
Fig. 5 be the traction control method that the present embodiment is controlled based on voltage close loop realize schematic flow sheet.
Fig. 6 is that the present embodiment realizes schematic flow sheet based on the traction control method of closed-loop current control.
Marginal data：1st, transformer；2nd, converter plant；21st, alternating current adjustment module；22nd, rectification module；23rd, direct current
Processing module.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with Figure of description and concrete preferred embodiment, the invention will be further described, but not therefore and
Limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in Fig. 2 the continuous current locomotive speed control unit based on flexible AC pressure regulation for the present embodiment, including transformation
Device 1 and the converter plant 2 for conversion output adjustable dc voltage, the former limit of transformer 1 connects Traction networks, and secondary side is passed through to become
Stream device 2 connects direct current generator, alternating current adjustment module 21 that converter plant 2 includes being sequentially connected, rectification module 22 and straight
Stream electric treatment module 23, the alternating current that alternating current adjustment module 21 accesses transformer 1 output carries out Flexible Control regulation, rectified
After being converted to required direct current after module 22, Direct current treatment module 23, it is supplied to direct current generator.
The electric locomotive system Ji Yu former high voltage adjusting mode (high voltage tap changer regulation) for the present embodiment, removes high pressure and adjusts
Section switch, carries out Flexible Control regulation to alternating current so that transformation by arranging alternating current adjustment module 21 on 1 side of transformer
Device time side alternating voltage continuously adjustabe, alternating current passes through rectification module 22 again, Direct current treatment module 23 be converted to required straight
Stream electric drive direct current generator, realizes locomotive engine DC voltage continuously adjustabe, so that locomotive speed continuously adjustable, compares
The mode adjusting in traditional high voltage tap changer, maintenance cost is low, does not have that contact is easily damaged and contact arc discharge etc. is asked
Topic, need not change locomotive axle control pattern, can directly be multiplexed the structure such as rectification circuit in original system, and realize required cost
Low, reliability is high.
In the present embodiment, alternating current adjustment module 21 includes interconnective IGCT adjustment unit and control unit,
Control unit controls the open angle of IGCT in IGCT adjustment unit, is adjusted with Flexible Control and exports continuously adjustable exchange
Electricity.Realize alternating current Flexible Control by IGCT adjustment unit to adjust, it is possible to achieve the continuously adjustabe of alternating current, compared to pin
For galvanic regulative mode, be capable of the continuously adjustabe of electric moter voltage, thus can continuously adjustabe motor speed, and reliable
Property is higher.
In the present embodiment, IGCT adjustment unit includes the IGCT of two reverse parallel connections, or according to the brilliant lock being adopted
Pipe amount of capacity is made up of the thyristor cell of two groups of reverse parallel connections.By adjusting the open angle of IGCT, you can adjust defeated
The alternating current going out.
In the present embodiment, alternating current adjustment module 21 also includes being arranged on the biography for detecting motor feedback signals for the motor side
Sensor detector unit and the synchronizing signal transformer being arranged on input, sensor detector unit, synchronizing signal transformer divide
It is not connected with control unit.Control unit receives sensor detector unit detection all motor feedback signals and synchronizing signal becomes
The synchronizing signal of depressor output, produces pulse train according to motor feedback signals, synchronizing signal, drives direct current generator, Neng Goushi
The closed loop of existing motor speed is adjusted.
The present embodiment on the basis of original system circuit logic and former protection control, by arranging sensor detector unit,
Control in conjunction with alternating current adjustment module 21 can be realized antiaircraft rotation protection, alter car guarantor according to the feedback signal of current of electric, voltage
Shield and the axle weight transfer for freight locomotive etc..
In the present embodiment, rectification module 22 is full wave bridge rectifier circuit；Rectification module 22 is specially full-wave rectification in locomotive
Bridge circuit, that is, rectification module 22 can directly be multiplexed the full wave bridge rectifier circuit in original system, improve the utilization rate of system, subtract simultaneously
Few cost of implementation.
In the present embodiment, secondary winding and the excitation time side winding when winding includes drawing secondary of transformer 1, by accessing
The traction time of transformer 1 winding in winding, the excitation time of access transformer 1, controls and proceeds to damped condition.The present embodiment passes through
The excitation time side winding of transformer 1, when the excitation time side winding accessing transformer 1 constitutes electricity so that said apparatus can be multiplexed
Machine separate excitation excitation current supply circuit, sets up magnetic field by the excitation time side winding of transformer 1 to motor, motor is changed from electric motor mode
For generator mode, motor braking loop keeps constant with former locomotive, and the energy that motor sends then is consumed by braking resistor, electric
Machine proceeds to execution damped condition.
In the present embodiment, also include interconnective brak control unit and for exciting current during detection braking operating mode
Exciting current sensor, signal that brak control unit feeds back according to direct current generator, the excitation of exciting current sensor detection
Electric current, controls the output voltage of alternating current adjustment module 21.
In the present embodiment, Direct current treatment module 23 include for smooth input direct-current electric current direct current reactor, with
And for smoothing the DC side Support Capacitor of input direct voltage.
In the present embodiment, the input of alternating current adjustment module 21 is additionally provided with overcurrent monitoring sensor, to monitor
Control execution overcurrent protection during over-current state.
Taking be applied to six-axle car as a example further illustrate the present invention below.
As shown in figure 3, the present embodiment electric locomotive includes six direct current generators, the motor excitation winding of each direct current generator leads to
Cross switch (S1.5～S6.5) to be connected, each direct current generator connects a converter plant 2, exports direct current by converter plant 2
Electric drive direct current generator, constitutes a road motor driving loop；Transformer 1 is multiwinding transformer, and each converter plant 2 connects change
One group side tractive winding of depressor 1.Each converter plant 2 include IGCT adjustment unit (mc1+ mc1-～mc6+
Mc6-), full wave bridge rectifier circuit (S1.12～S6.12) and DCU motion control unit, controls base by IGCT adjustment unit
In Flexible Control, input ac voltage is adjusted, to realize the control of electric moter voltage；The output end of full wave bridge rectifier circuit
Setting direct current reactor (L1～L6), DC side Support Capacitor (S1.13～S6.13)；Motor side is additionally provided with detection motor
The current sensor (A) of current feedback signal, detection electric moter voltage feed back the voltage sensor (V) of signal, current sensor, electricity
Pressure sensor is connected with DCU motion control unit respectively, by DCU motion control unit according to the motor feedback signals control detecting
IGCT all open angle in combinations brake tube adjustment unit, the input of IGCT adjustment unit is additionally provided with overcurrent monitoring sensing
Device (T9.1～T9.6).Pass through to switch the secondary side Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection of S4.19 connection transformer 1 in the 4th road motor-drive circuit simultaneously
T1.11, accesses Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection T1.11 by switching S4.19 and controlling, switch S4.1 control the traction accessing transformer 1 secondary around
Group；Exciting current sensor is set in the 4th road motor-drive circuit simultaneously, and exciting current sensor is examined in damped condition
Surveying exciting current, controlling to adjust the voltage of output IGCT adjustment unit according to real-time exciting current, thus realizing exciting current
Control.
, during traction working condition, disconnect motor excitation winding (S1.5～S6.5) series connection taking the first motor M1 circuit as a example, each
Motor excitation winding is individually and this armature windings in series constitutes electric motor loop, further also can be by changing exciting current side
Always realize the control in locomotive direction, as shown in figure 4, the contact switching by S1.14 can achieve locomotive side according to different short circuits
To control；Closure switch S4.1, disconnection S4.19 and closure S4.2, that is, access transformer 1 secondary windings, disconnection transformer is encouraged
Magnetic winding, the 4th road motor driving loop, from transformer time side tractive winding T1.7 power taking, drives the 4th motor M4.
During damped condition, close separate excitation winding (S1.5～S6.5), full vehicle motor Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection is cascaded；Disconnect
Switch S4.1, closure S4.19 and disconnection S4.2, that is, disconnect transformer 1 secondary windings, access static exciter winding, and the 4th
Road motor driving loop, from static exciter winding T1.11 power taking, supplies full car all motor excitations winding, and motor enters braking
Operating mode, motor braking loop keeps former car constant, executes braking using resistive braking pattern, as shown in figure 4, wherein S9.1 is system
Dynamic resistance, closure switch S1.4 during damped condition, to access the execution resistive braking of braking resistor S9.1.
The present embodiment provides 12 to driving pulse by DCU motion control unit, to control corresponding to each direct current generator
IGCT adjustment unit in each IGCT it is ensured that the equilibrium that plays of each direct current machine power, and enable locomotive axle control, that is,
The power of each motor can individually be controlled based on pulse distribution.
The present embodiment utilizes the control method of above-mentioned continuous current locomotive speed control unit, and the method includes traction control
Method, concrete steps include：
1) start above-mentioned speed control unit and obtain traction control instruction, above-mentioned speed control unit exports DC voltage
Drive direct current generator；
2) when locomotive speed being controlled adjusting, the signal of Real-time Collection direct current generator feedback, referred to according to traction control
Order and the signal of direct current generator feedback, adjust the first object amount of direct current generator by controlling alternating current adjustment module 21, and
Second aim parameter of direct current generator is limited.
The present embodiment first object amount, the second aim parameter specifically can be respectively voltage, electric current, by the electricity of controlled motor
Pressure, electric current can adjust locomotive speed.Signal and current traction control that the present embodiment is fed back by Real-time Collection direct current generator
Instruction, is adjusted to alternating current adjustment module 21 output quantity, realizes the first object amount (voltage or electric current) to direct current generator
Closed-loop control, and second aim parameter (voltage or electric current) of direct current generator is limited further, it is possible to achieve locomotive speed is even
Continuous adjustable, can avoid adjusting beyond normal range (NR) it is ensured that the safety adjusting and reliability simultaneously.
In the present embodiment, alternating current adjustment module 21 includes interconnective IGCT adjustment unit and control unit
When, specifically can realize locomotive speed being controlled adjust according to following two modes：
First kind of way：Control and current limit link mode in conjunction with voltage close loop
As shown in figure 5, by direct current generator voltage as first object amount when, direct current generator electric current as the second target
Amount, step 2) concretely comprise the following steps：
2.1) magnitude of voltage of Real-time Collection direct current generator feedback, the voltage mesh being converted to according to described traction control instruction
Scale value and the magnitude of voltage of described direct current generator feedback, adjust the voltage of direct current generator by PID control；
2.2) current value of Real-time Collection direct current generator feedback, the current value according to the direct current generator feedback collecting is to straight
The electric current of stream motor carries out restriction process, electric current after output limitation process；Obtain in the setting of alternating current adjustment module 21 input
The synchronizing signal that exported of synchrotrans, electric current after being processed according to the synchronizing signal obtaining and restriction, produce required
Pulse train sends and triggers to IGCT adjustment unit, to control to adjust locomotive speed, returns execution step 2.1), directly
To exiting control.
Direct-current machine counter electromotive formula is represented by：
E=Ce Ф n (1)
Wherein Ce is constant and relevant with electric machine structure, and n is motor speed, be can determine that the speed of locomotive by motor speed n
Degree v, Ф are motor magnetic flux amount.
Understand that counter electromotive force of motor E is directly proportional to locomotive speed by above-mentioned formula (1), and because each road Motor drive is returned
Roadlock resists typically only 0.01～0.1 Ω, and that is, when speed reaches desired value, electric moter voltage approximates counter electromotive force of motor E, because
This regulation by the regulation of electric moter voltage can be realized with locomotive speed.
The impedance summation Σ R of motor driving loop typically between 0.01～0.1 Ω, armature electric current IaThen specifically may be used
It is calculated as follows：
Wherein Ud is motor terminal voltage, i.e. the output DC voltage of converter plant 2.
Motor torque expression formula is：
Fk=3.6NUdIaηcηd/v×10-3(3)
Wherein, N is motor number of units, UdFor motor terminal voltage, IaFor armature electric current, ηcFor motor gear transmission efficiency,
ηdElectric efficiency, v is locomotive speed.
By above-mentioned formula (1)～(3) it is known that when locomotive is started to walk when low (speed very), if electric moter voltage is excessive, can
Cause armature electric current IaExcessive, thus leading to tractive force excessive, eventually resulting in locomotive wheel idle running, altering or car before locomotive
Car consequence is altered in wheel scratch etc..
The magnitude of voltage of the direct current generator feedback which collects according to voltage-target and voltage sensor, passes through
PID control adjusts the voltage of direct current generator, realizes to electric moter voltage closed-loop control；After voltage close loop control, passed according to electric current
The current of electric value of feedback that sensor collects limits to current of electric；Complex synchronous transformer after current limit link simultaneously
Synchronizing signal carry out pulse distribution, produce required pulse train and IGCT triggered, thus reaching controlled motor electricity
The purpose of pressure, realizes locomotive speed continuously adjustable output, occurs it is ensured that adjust is safe and reliable it can be avoided that altering car etc. simultaneously
Property.
The present embodiment be based on first object amount be voltage, the second aim parameter be electric current when, concretely comprise the following steps：
1. controller level is converted into electric moter voltage desired value, i.e. the corresponding electric moter voltage value of existing locomotive level, such as
Maximum motor voltage 990V corresponding maximum controller level；Of course through increasing the general stepless handle of AC-DC locomotive it is also possible to
Realize stepless voltage regulation/speed governing；
2. compare electric moter voltage desired value and electric moter voltage actual feedback carries out PID regulation, being adjusted by PID makes feedback
Value infinitely approaches desired value；
3. the current of electric value of feedback that summary formula (3) and current sensor collect, is carried out to current of electric
Limit；
4. combination current limits and synchronizing signal is converted into phase shift level, produces and meets phase shift level demand pulse train
It is sent respectively to each IGCT in each direct current generator corresponding IGCT adjustment unit to be triggered.
The second way：Mode in conjunction with closed-loop current control and voltage limiting element
In which, by direct current generator electric current as first object amount, direct current generator voltage as the second aim parameter
When, as shown in fig. 6, step 2) concretely comprise the following steps：
2.1) current value of Real-time Collection direct current generator feedback, the current target value being converted to according to traction control instruction
And the current value of direct current generator feedback, the electric current of direct current generator is adjusted by PID；
2.2) magnitude of voltage of Real-time Collection direct current generator feedback, the magnitude of voltage according to the direct current generator feedback collecting is to straight
The voltage of stream motor carries out restriction process, voltage after output limitation process；Pulse according to needed for voltage produces after restriction process
Sequence sends and triggers to IGCT adjustment unit, to control to adjust locomotive speed, returns execution step 2.1), until moving back
Go out to control.
Which adopts current of electric closed-loop control, and that is, controller level corresponds to current of electric, naturally special when entering motor
Property after voltage be adjusted to maximum, pressure limiting is carried out according to motor characteristic simultaneously, with prevent electric moter voltage overvoltage it is ensured that adjust control
Security performance, concretely comprises the following steps：
1. the relation according to the current of electric obtained by formula (1), (2), (3) and locomotive speed, and locomotive controller
Instruct actual corresponding target velocity, obtain controller instruction and current of electric, the locomotive characteristic formula of locomotive speed relation；
2. according to the locomotive characteristic formula obtaining, controller instruction is converted into motor current target value, is passed according to electric current
The current of electric value of feedback that sensor collects carries out PID regulation；
3. the output of current control PID, through overvoltage limiting element laggard horizontal pulse distribution, exports corresponding pulse train control
Make by the exploitation angle of IGCT, thus realizing locomotive speed control.
In the present embodiment, also include brake control method, concrete steps include：Above-mentioned speed control unit is disconnected described
The traction time of transformer 1 winding and disconnection Direct current treatment module 23 in winding, the excitation time of access transformer 1, proceed to
Execution damped condition；The signal of Real-time Collection direct current generator feedback, the signal according to feedback controls alternating current adjustment module 21
Input side voltage, to control exciting current.
When speed control unit adopts structure as shown in Figure 3, under damped condition, concrete disconnection switchs S4.2, brilliant by controlling
Brake tube adjustment unit adjusts the S4.12 input side alternating voltage as exciting bridge, thus controlling exciting current, by current of electric or
Voltage carries out closed-loop control to control brake force, realizes locomotive speed control.
Above-mentioned simply presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not makees any pro forma restriction to the present invention.Although the present invention
Disclosed above with preferred embodiment, but it is not limited to the present invention.Therefore, every without departing from technical solution of the present invention
Content, according to the technology of the present invention essence to any simple modification made for any of the above embodiments, equivalent variations and modification, all should fall
In the range of technical solution of the present invention protection.
Claims (11)
1. a kind of continuous current locomotive speed control unit based on flexible AC pressure regulation is it is characterised in that include transformer (1)
And the converter plant (2) for conversion output adjustable dc voltage, the former limit connection Traction networks of described transformer (1), secondary side
Direct current generator, the alternating current adjustment module that described converter plant (2) inclusion is sequentially connected are connected by described converter plant (2)
(21), rectification module (22) and Direct current treatment module (23), described alternating current adjustment module (21) is connect based on Flexible Control
Enter the alternating current that described transformer (1) exports to be adjusted, through described rectification module (22), Direct current treatment module (23) conversion
After required direct current, it is supplied to direct current generator.
2. the continuous current locomotive speed control unit based on flexible AC pressure regulation according to claim 1, its feature exists
In：Described alternating current adjustment module (21) includes interconnective IGCT adjustment unit and control unit, described control list
Unit controls the open angle of IGCT in described IGCT adjustment unit, exports continuously adjustable friendship to adjust based on Flexible Control
Stream electricity.
3. the continuous current locomotive speed control unit based on flexible AC pressure regulation according to claim 2, its feature exists
In：Described IGCT adjustment unit includes the IGCT of two reverse parallel connections or the thyristor cell of two groups of reverse parallel connections.
4. the continuous current locomotive speed control unit based on flexible AC pressure regulation according to claim 3, its feature exists
In：Described alternating current adjustment module (21) also includes being arranged on the sensor detection list for detecting motor feedback signals for the motor side
Unit and the synchronizing signal transformer being arranged on input, described sensor detector unit, described synchronizing signal transformer are respectively
It is connected with described control unit.
5. the continuous current locomotive speed control unit based on flexible AC pressure regulation according to claim 4, its feature exists
In：Described rectification module (22) is full wave bridge rectifier circuit；Described rectification module (22) is specially full-wave rectification bridge electricity in locomotive
Road.
6. the continuous current locomotive speeds control based on flexible AC pressure regulation according to any one in Claims 1 to 5
Device it is characterised in that：Secondary winding and the excitation time side winding when winding includes drawing secondary of described transformer (1), passes through
Disconnect the secondary winding in winding, the excitation time of the described transformer of access (1) of traction of described transformer (1), control and proceed to braking
Operating mode.
7. the continuous current locomotive speed control unit based on flexible AC pressure regulation according to claim 6, its feature exists
In：Also include interconnective brak control unit and the exciting current sensing for exciting current during detection braking operating mode
Device, signal that described brak control unit feeds back according to direct current generator, the exciting current of described exciting current sensor detection, control
Make the output voltage of described alternating current adjustment module (21).
8. utilize the control method of the continuous current locomotive speed control unit described in any one in claim 1～7, it is special
Levy and be, the method includes traction control method, concrete steps include：
1) start described speed control unit and obtain traction control instruction, described speed control unit exports direct voltage drive
Direct current generator；
2) when locomotive speed being controlled adjusting, the signal of Real-time Collection direct current generator feedback, referred to according to described traction control
Order and the signal of direct current generator feedback, adjust the first object of direct current generator by controlling described alternating current adjustment module (21)
Amount, and the second aim parameter of direct current generator is limited.
9. control method according to claim 8 is it is characterised in that described alternating current adjustment module (21) includes mutually interconnecting
The IGCT adjustment unit connecing and control unit, and by direct current generator voltage as first object amount, direct current generator
When electric current is as the second aim parameter, described step 2) concretely comprise the following steps：
2.1) magnitude of voltage of Real-time Collection direct current generator feedback, the voltage-target being converted to according to described traction control instruction
And the magnitude of voltage of described direct current generator feedback, the voltage of direct current generator is adjusted by PID control；
2.2) current value of Real-time Collection direct current generator feedback, the current value according to the direct current generator feedback collecting is to direct current
The electric current of machine carries out restriction process, electric current after output limitation process；Obtain and set in described alternating current adjustment module (21) input
The synchronizing signal that the synchrotrans put are exported, electric current after being processed according to the described synchronizing signal obtaining and described restriction,
Pulse train needed for producing sends and triggers to described IGCT adjustment unit, to control to adjust locomotive speed, returns
Execution step 2.1), until exiting control.
10. control method according to claim 8 is it is characterised in that described alternating current adjustment module (21) is included mutually
Connect IGCT adjustment unit and control unit, and by direct current generator electric current as first object amount, direct current generator
Voltage as the second aim parameter when, described step 2) concretely comprise the following steps：
2.1) current value of Real-time Collection direct current generator feedback, the current target value being converted to according to described traction control instruction
And the current value of described direct current generator feedback, the electric current of described direct current generator is adjusted by PID；
2.2) magnitude of voltage of Real-time Collection direct current generator feedback, the magnitude of voltage according to the direct current generator feedback collecting is to direct current
The voltage of machine carries out restriction process, voltage after output limitation process；Pulse according to needed for voltage produces after described restriction process
Sequence sends and triggers to described IGCT adjustment unit, after described IGCT adjustment unit is adjusted, to control to adjust machine
Vehicle speed, returns execution step 2.1), until exiting control.
Control method described in 11. according to Claim 8 or 9 or 10 is it is characterised in that also include brake control method, specifically
Step includes：Described speed control unit is disconnected the traction time side winding of described transformer (1), accesses described transformer (1)
Excitation time side winding and disconnect described Direct current treatment module (23), proceed to execution damped condition；Real-time Collection direct current
The signal of machine feedback, the signal according to feedback controls the input side voltage of described alternating current adjustment module (21), to control excitation
Electric current.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108082004A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2018-05-29 | 中国铁路总公司 | For the traction control method and system of railway transportation equipment |
| WO2018226120A1 (en) * | 2017-06-07 | 2018-12-13 | Открытое Акционерное Общество "Российские Железные Дороги" | Traction converter of an alternating-current locomotive for traction and regenerative-braking modes |
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| CN202712938U (en) * | 2012-05-16 | 2013-01-30 | 中山普润斯电源设备技术有限公司 | High frequency chopping boost charging circuit |
| JP2014212621A (en) * | 2013-04-18 | 2014-11-13 | 株式会社東芝 | Electric locomotive controller |
| CN104882912A (en) * | 2014-02-28 | 2015-09-02 | 通用电气公司 | DC power transmission systems and method of assembling the same |
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| CN202712938U (en) * | 2012-05-16 | 2013-01-30 | 中山普润斯电源设备技术有限公司 | High frequency chopping boost charging circuit |
| JP2014212621A (en) * | 2013-04-18 | 2014-11-13 | 株式会社東芝 | Electric locomotive controller |
| CN104882912A (en) * | 2014-02-28 | 2015-09-02 | 通用电气公司 | DC power transmission systems and method of assembling the same |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2018226120A1 (en) * | 2017-06-07 | 2018-12-13 | Открытое Акционерное Общество "Российские Железные Дороги" | Traction converter of an alternating-current locomotive for traction and regenerative-braking modes |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106385210B (en) | 2018-12-28 |
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