CN106381039A - 一种抗菌窗帘及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种抗菌窗帘及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106381039A
CN106381039A CN201610732456.6A CN201610732456A CN106381039A CN 106381039 A CN106381039 A CN 106381039A CN 201610732456 A CN201610732456 A CN 201610732456A CN 106381039 A CN106381039 A CN 106381039A
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coating
curtain
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modified nano
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王建海
沈华强
陈松浩
王永芳
沈兰芬
何芸
李昌吉
赵永良
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Zhejiang West Gate New Materials Ltd By Share Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及本发明公开了一种抗菌窗帘及其制备方法，包括窗帘底材，顺序在窗帘底材上涂覆的第一涂层、第二涂层、第三涂层；第一涂层由聚氨酯、钛白粉、改性纳米氧化锌、分散剂、含磷阻燃剂组成；第二涂层由聚氨酯、黑色颜料、改性纳米氧化锌、分散剂、含磷阻燃剂组成；第三涂层由聚氨酯、钛白粉、改性纳米氧化锌、分散剂、含磷阻燃剂、氟树脂组成。制法为：(1)准备窗帘底材；(2)涂覆第一涂层：配制涂层浆；用刮刀将涂层浆涂覆在窗帘底材一面上，烘干，形成第一涂层；(3)涂覆第二涂层：配制涂层浆；采用刮刀将涂层浆涂覆在第一图层上，烘干，形成第二涂层；(4)涂覆第三涂层：配制涂层浆；用刮刀将涂层浆涂覆在第二图层上，烘干，形成第三涂层。

Description

一种抗菌窗帘及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种抗菌窗帘及其制备方法，属于合成纤维长丝的包覆丝领域。
背景技术
窗帘是用布、竹、苇、麻、纱、塑料、金属材料等制作的遮蔽或调节室内光照的挂在窗上的帘子。随着窗帘的发展，它已成为居室不可缺少的、功能性和装饰性完美结合的室内装饰品。
自然界的有害细菌、真菌和病毒等微生物是使人类遭受传染、诱发疾病的主要原因。随着生活水平的提高，人们对生存环境的要求也越来越高。由此，抗菌材料的生产已成为一个新兴的产业，世界各国对抗菌剂的研究更加重视。
抗菌材料是具有杀菌、抑菌性能的新型功能材料。它是通过加入的抗菌剂而起作用的。抗菌剂可分无机、有机和天然生物抗菌剂3种类型。由于不同的抗菌剂对同种病原菌的抗菌作用机理和有效性的不同，以及同种抗菌剂对于不同的病原菌的抗菌作用机制和抑制范围也不同，因此，要研究出既长效又广谱、既高效又安全的抗菌剂，对抗菌机理的研究十分重要。
目前，光催化抗菌剂主要有TiO2，ZnO，CdS，WO3，SnO2和Fe2O3等N型半导体金属氧化物，其中ZnO的氧化活性较高，稳定性也较强，对人体无毒。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种抗菌窗帘及其制备方法，通过表面涂层的方法将抗菌整理剂施加到窗帘底材的表面，赋予窗帘优良的抗菌性，以满足窗饰品的要求。
为实现上述目的，本发明的技术方案为：
一种抗菌窗帘，包括窗帘底材，顺序在窗帘底材上涂覆的第一涂层、第二涂层、第三涂层；
以质量份计，
所述的第一涂层由65份聚氨酯、15份钛白粉、12份改性纳米氧化锌、11份分散剂、9份含磷阻燃剂组成；
所述的第二涂层由61份聚氨酯、7份黑色颜料、11份改性纳米氧化锌、12份分散剂、8份含磷阻燃剂组成；
所述的第三涂层由67份聚氨酯、13份钛白粉、12份改性纳米氧化锌、14份分散剂、10份含磷阻燃剂、7份氟树脂组成；
所述的改性纳米氧化锌由下述步骤制得：
a、氧化锌纳米粒子表面烷基化
在四口瓶中加入定量干燥的纳米氧化锌粒子和甲苯，采用超声波和电动搅拌均匀分散后，加入适量的KH-570溶液，同时通入N2保护，在甲苯的回流温度下回流一定时间，然后结束反应；
b、纳米氧化锌表面接枝
在步骤a基础上，将温度控制在70-75℃后，继续通N2，搅拌，滴加适量的二甲基二烯丙基溴化铵单体和引发剂AIBN进行溶液聚合，滴加完后，继续保温反应2h，即得改性纳米氧化锌。
所述的分散剂为三聚磷酸钠、硬脂酸单甘油酯(GMS)、聚乙二醇和三硬脂酸甘油酯(HTG)中的一种或多种。
所述的含磷阻燃剂为磷酸三苯酯、磷酸三甲苯酯、磷酸三(二甲苯)酯中的一种或多种。
所述的氟树脂为聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)、聚三氟氯乙烯(PCTFE)、聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)中的一种或多种。
抗菌窗帘的制备方法为：
(1)准备窗帘底材；
(2)涂覆第一涂层：将65份聚氨酯、15份钛白粉、12份改性纳米氧化锌、11份分散剂、9份含磷阻燃剂复合搅拌均匀形成涂层浆；采用刮刀将涂层浆涂覆在窗帘底材一面上，于170-175℃烘燥5分钟，形成第一涂层；
(3)涂覆第二涂层：将61份聚氨酯、7份黑色颜料、11份改性纳米氧化锌、12份分散剂、8份含磷阻燃剂复合搅拌均匀形成涂层浆；采用刮刀将涂层浆涂覆在第一图层上，于170-175℃烘燥5分钟，形成第二涂层；
(4)涂覆第三涂层：将67份聚氨酯、13份钛白粉、12份改性纳米氧化锌、14份分散剂、10份含磷阻燃剂、7份氟树脂复合搅拌均匀形成涂层浆；采用刮刀将涂层浆涂覆在第二图层上，于170-175℃烘燥5分钟，形成第三涂层，即得抗菌窗帘。
本发明抗菌窗帘的涂层设计合理，加工便捷，表面涂覆的纳米氧化锌及季铵盐聚合物，具有良好的抗菌性能；季铵盐可杀死细菌，纳米氧化锌以其光催化作用，分解细菌的残留物，实现抗菌的协同效应。
具体实施方式
下列实施方案，仅是举例说明，不是仅有的，所以，一切在本发明范围内或是作与本发明相似的改变均包含于本发明之内。
本发明公开了一种抗菌窗帘，包括窗帘底材，顺序在窗帘底材上涂覆的第一涂层、第二涂层、第三涂层；
所述的第一涂层由聚氨酯、钛白粉、改性纳米氧化锌、分散剂、含磷阻燃剂组成；
所述的第二涂层由聚氨酯、黑色颜料、改性纳米氧化锌、分散剂、含磷阻燃剂组成；
所述的第三涂层由聚氨酯、钛白粉、改性纳米氧化锌、分散剂、含磷阻燃剂、氟树脂组成；
所述的聚氨酯为本领域常用聚氨酯乳液，市售常规聚氨酯产品均可使用，例如拜耳的水性聚氨酯U241。
分散剂、含磷阻燃剂、氟树脂均为市售常规产品，分散剂可为三聚磷酸钠、硬脂酸单甘油酯(GMS)、聚乙二醇和三硬脂酸甘油酯(HTG)中的一种或多种；含磷阻燃剂可为磷酸三苯酯、磷酸三甲苯酯、磷酸三(二甲苯)酯中的一种或多种；氟树脂可为聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)、聚三氟氯乙烯(PCTFE)、聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)。
钛白粉、黑色颜料为本领域常规产品，黑色颜料可选择炭黑。
所述的改性纳米氧化锌由下述步骤制得：
a、氧化锌纳米粒子表面烷基化
在四口瓶中加入定量干燥的纳米氧化锌粒子和甲苯，采用超声波和电动搅拌均匀分散后，加入适量的KH-570溶液，同时通入N2保护，在甲苯的回流温度下回流一定时间，然后结束反应；
b、纳米氧化锌表面接枝
在步骤a基础上，将温度控制在70-75℃后，继续通N2，搅拌，滴加适量的二甲基二烯丙基溴化铵单体和引发剂AIBN进行溶液聚合，滴加完后，继续保温反应2h，即得改性纳米氧化锌。
抗菌窗帘的制备方法为：
(1)准备窗帘底材；
(2)涂覆第一涂层：配制涂层浆；采用刮刀将涂层浆涂覆在窗帘底材一面上，烘干，形成第一涂层；
(3)涂覆第二涂层：配制涂层浆；采用刮刀将涂层浆涂覆在第一图层上，烘干，形成第二涂层；
(4)涂覆第三涂层：配制涂层浆；采用刮刀将涂层浆涂覆在第二图层上，烘干，形成第三涂层，即得抗菌窗帘。
实施例1：改性纳米氧化锌的制备：
a、氧化锌纳米粒子表面烷基化
在四口瓶中加入15份干燥的纳米氧化锌粒子和150份甲苯，采用超声波和电动搅拌均匀分散后，加入2份KH-570溶液，同时通入N2保护，在85度下回流8小时，然后结束反应；
b、纳米氧化锌表面接枝
在步骤a基础上，将温度控制在70-75℃后，继续通N2，搅拌，滴加12份二甲基二烯丙基溴化铵单体和0.2份引发剂AIBN进行溶液聚合，滴加完后，继续保温反应2h，即得改性纳米氧化锌。
实施例2：
一种抗菌窗帘，包括窗帘底材，顺序在窗帘底材上涂覆的第一涂层、第二涂层、第三涂层；
以质量份计，
所述的第一涂层由65份聚氨酯、15份钛白粉、12份改性纳米氧化锌、11份分散剂、9份含磷阻燃剂组成；
所述的第二涂层由61份聚氨酯、7份黑色颜料、11份改性纳米氧化锌、12份分散剂、8份含磷阻燃剂组成；
所述的第三涂层由67份聚氨酯、13份钛白粉、12份改性纳米氧化锌、14份分散剂、10份含磷阻燃剂、7份氟树脂组成；
所述的分散剂为三聚磷酸钠、含磷阻燃剂为磷酸三苯酯、氟树脂为聚四氟乙烯。
实施例3：
一种抗菌窗帘，包括窗帘底材，顺序在窗帘底材上涂覆的第一涂层、第二涂层、第三涂层；
以质量份计，
所述的第一涂层由65份聚氨酯、15份钛白粉、12份改性纳米氧化锌、11份分散剂、9份含磷阻燃剂组成；
所述的第二涂层由61份聚氨酯、7份黑色颜料、11份改性纳米氧化锌、12份分散剂、8份含磷阻燃剂组成；
所述的第三涂层由67份聚氨酯、13份钛白粉、12份改性纳米氧化锌、14份分散剂、10份含磷阻燃剂、7份氟树脂组成；
所述的分散剂为硬脂酸单甘油酯、含磷阻燃剂为磷酸三甲苯酯、氟树脂为聚三氟氯乙烯。
实施例4：
一种抗菌窗帘，包括窗帘底材，顺序在窗帘底材上涂覆的第一涂层、第二涂层、第三涂层；
以质量份计，
所述的第一涂层由65份聚氨酯、15份钛白粉、12份改性纳米氧化锌、11份分散剂、9份含磷阻燃剂组成；
所述的第二涂层由61份聚氨酯、7份黑色颜料、11份改性纳米氧化锌、12份分散剂、8份含磷阻燃剂组成；
所述的第三涂层由67份聚氨酯、13份钛白粉、12份改性纳米氧化锌、14份分散剂、10份含磷阻燃剂、7份氟树脂组成；
所述的分散剂为聚乙二醇、含磷阻燃剂为磷酸三(二甲苯)酯、氟树脂为聚偏氟乙烯。
实施例5：
实施例2-4抗菌窗帘的制备方法
(1)准备窗帘底材；
(2)涂覆第一涂层：将65份聚氨酯、15份钛白粉、12份改性纳米氧化锌、11份分散剂、9份含磷阻燃剂复合搅拌均匀形成涂层浆；采用刮刀将涂层浆涂覆在窗帘底材一面上，于170-175℃烘燥5分钟，形成第一涂层；
(3)涂覆第二涂层：将61份聚氨酯、7份黑色颜料、11份改性纳米氧化锌、12份分散剂、8份含磷阻燃剂复合搅拌均匀形成涂层浆；采用刮刀将涂层浆涂覆在第一图层上，于170-175℃烘燥5分钟，形成第二涂层；
(4)涂覆第三涂层：将67份聚氨酯、13份钛白粉、12份改性纳米氧化锌、14份分散剂、10份含磷阻燃剂、7份氟树脂复合搅拌均匀形成涂层浆；采用刮刀将涂层浆涂覆在第二图层上，于170-175℃烘燥5分钟，形成第三涂层，即得抗菌窗帘。
按照GB/T 20944.3-2008《纺织品抗菌性能的评价第3部分：振荡法》测试方法，对本发明实施例1的涤纶包覆丝进行抗菌性能测试，结果表面，对大肠杆菌、金黄葡萄球菌的抗菌率达97.4％。

Claims (5)

1.一种抗菌窗帘，其特征在于：包括窗帘底材，顺序在窗帘底材上涂覆的第一涂层、第二涂层、第三涂层；
以质量份计，
所述的第一涂层由65份聚氨酯、15份钛白粉、12份改性纳米氧化锌、11份分散剂、9份含磷阻燃剂组成；
所述的第二涂层由61份聚氨酯、7份黑色颜料、11份改性纳米氧化锌、12份分散剂、8份含磷阻燃剂组成；
所述的第三涂层由67份聚氨酯、13份钛白粉、12份改性纳米氧化锌、14份分散剂、10份含磷阻燃剂、7份氟树脂组成；
所述的改性纳米氧化锌由下述步骤制得：
a、氧化锌纳米粒子表面烷基化
在四口瓶中加入定量干燥的纳米氧化锌粒子和甲苯，采用超声波和电动搅拌均匀分散后，加入适量的KH-570溶液，同时通入N2保护，在甲苯的回流温度下回流一定时间，然后结束反应；
b、纳米氧化锌表面接枝
在步骤a基础上，将温度控制在70-75℃后，继续通N2，搅拌，滴加适量的二甲基二烯丙基溴化铵单体和引发剂AIBN进行溶液聚合，滴加完后，继续保温反应2h，即得改性纳米氧化锌。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗菌窗帘，其特征在于：所述的分散剂为三聚磷酸钠、硬脂酸单甘油酯、聚乙二醇和三硬脂酸甘油酯中的一种或多种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗菌窗帘，其特征在于：所述的含磷阻燃剂为磷酸三苯酯、磷酸三甲苯酯、磷酸三(二甲苯)酯中的一种或多种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗菌窗帘，其特征在于：所述的氟树脂为聚四氟乙烯、聚三氟氯乙烯、聚偏氟乙烯中的一种或多种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗菌窗帘，其特征在于：抗菌窗帘的制备方法为：
(1)准备窗帘底材；
(2)涂覆第一涂层：将65份聚氨酯、15份钛白粉、12份改性纳米氧化锌、11份分散剂、9份含磷阻燃剂复合搅拌均匀形成涂层浆；采用刮刀将涂层浆涂覆在窗帘底材一面上，于170-175℃烘燥5分钟，形成第一涂层；
(3)涂覆第二涂层：将61份聚氨酯、7份黑色颜料、11份改性纳米氧化锌、12份分散剂、8份含磷阻燃剂复合搅拌均匀形成涂层浆；采用刮刀将涂层浆涂覆在第一图层上，于170-175℃烘燥5分钟，形成第二涂层；
(4)涂覆第三涂层：将67份聚氨酯、13份钛白粉、12份改性纳米氧化锌、14份分散剂、10份含磷阻燃剂、7份氟树脂复合搅拌均匀形成涂层浆；采用刮刀将涂层浆涂覆在第二图层上，于170-175℃烘燥5分钟，形成第三涂层，即得抗菌窗帘。
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