CN1063805C - Method for making multi-microporous hollow fibre by using laser processing technology - Google Patents
Method for making multi-microporous hollow fibre by using laser processing technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN1063805C CN1063805C CN97114324A CN97114324A CN1063805C CN 1063805 C CN1063805 C CN 1063805C CN 97114324 A CN97114324 A CN 97114324A CN 97114324 A CN97114324 A CN 97114324A CN 1063805 C CN1063805 C CN 1063805C
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a method for making multi-microporous hollow fiber by using a laser processing technology, which is characterized in that laser used in the method is quasi-molecular laser, a wavelength range thereof is 193 nm to 248 nm, and laser energy strength thereof is 10 mj/cm<2> to 500 mj/cm<2>. Compared with common fiber, hollow fiber used in the method has a higher degree of orientation and a lower degree of crystallization, which is lower than 25%. The birefringence of the fiber body is greater than 0.18. Moreover, the quasi-molecular laser irradiates the hollow fibre for 10 to 80 seconds, and thus, a penetrable micropore structure is formed in the wall of the hollow fiber. A plurality of micrometer-level micropores can be conveniently punched on the hollow fiber by the method. Microporous areas on the fiber can be optionally selected in an axial direction or a radial direction. The processing can be carried out after the fiber is formed or after the fiber is fabricated into a finished product. In addition, the method has the advantage of no chemical pollution.
Description
The present invention relates to the method that adopts laser technology that artificial chemical fibre is handled, relate in particular to doughnut is handled to produce the microporous method of penetrability in its wall.The artificial chemical doughnut that the present invention relates to is a kind of chemical fiber filament or short fiber that axially has cavity structure that prolong, and can be polyamide fibre, terylene or polypropylene fibre.
The application main purpose of doughnut in textiles is to allow textiles or the fibrous material manufactured goods made have function frivolous, insulation.Doughnut long filament or short fiber with loose structure are mainly used in the sucting wet air permeability that improves chemical fibre, also are widely used in advanced composite material (ACM) and filtering material in recent years simultaneously.
At present, the method for manufacturing porous fibre or porous hollow fiber mainly contains extension and removes method two classes.The basic principle of extension (United States Patent (USP) U.S.P.5 for example, 435,955, July 25 nineteen ninety-five) is to give suitable stretching in the fiberizing process or after the moulding, produces plastic deformation in the microstructure layer of fiber, forms loose structure.The method of removing mainly contains two kinds, a kind of is to add a kind of material in spinning solution, method with chemistry or physics in the fiberizing process or after the moulding is removed this material, in fiber or hollow fiber walls, form microcellular structure (United States Patent (USP): U.S.P.5 for example, 480, on January 2nd, 712,1996); The another kind of method of removing method then is to adopt the method for chemical attack, in the fiberizing process or after the moulding, carries out chemical reaction with specific chemical and fiber, and etching off part corpus fibrosum forms loose structure.One of common trait that the porous fibre that this two class methods are produced has be its loose structure fiber be continuous distributed axially and radially, and can not produce multi-cellular structure to the optional zone of doughnut, purposes has certain limitation.In addition, remove method and also have certain chemical contamination problem.
In general sense utilize LASER HEATING fibrous material (for example Chinese patent publication number CN1047542A) or utilize laser in fiber assembly, punch (for example Chinese patent publication number CN1130555A) mainly be that the principle of utilizing the vibrations of molecule segment in the infrared laser excitation fiber to produce heat effect produces the effect of heat, fusion or evaporation in fiber, this effect mainly is a kind of photothermy.In photothermy, the principal element of decisive action effect is the intensity of laser, thereby the high energy that focuses on, infrared laser almost can be used for organic or inorganic materials such as most metal, pottery and plastics are heat-treated, comprise that cutting, punching and welding processing handle continuously.One of principal character of infrared laser punching is that the big or small of hole that produces mainly determined by the size that acts on hot spot on the processing target, the number that produces the hole with act on processing target on the modulus of laser corresponding, promptly a branch of single-mode laser is interior at one time can only get a hole.Adopting this prior art will be to get micron-sized porous on 10 to 30 microns single fiber or the doughnut at external diameter, is difficult in actual applications realize.Particularly in production application, use single bundle to focus on or defocus and produce quite difficulty of loose structure in infrared laser each root monofilament in multifilament, thereby singly bundle focuses on or defocuses boring or the cutting that infrared laser mainly is applicable to aggregate of fibers or manufactured goods, and for example the carbon dioxide laser tailoring technique has been applied among the clothing industry production.
The objective of the invention is: provide a kind of laser processing technology to make the method for many microporous hollow fibers, can particularly get micron-sized porous on the doughnut at 10 to 30 microns single fiber easily, microporous zone can axially or radially selecting arbitrarily at fiber, the size of microporous regions can conveniently be regulated, both can after fiberizing, carry out, also can after fiber is made finished product, carry out, not have chemical contamination.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: a kind of laser processing technology is made the method for many microporous hollow fibers, it is characterized in that:
(a), used laser is PRK, its wave-length coverage is 193nm to 248nm, laser energy intensity is 10mJ/cm
2To 500mJ/cm
2Frequency range is 1-100HZ;
(b), used doughnut should have than the higher degree of orientation of general fiber and lower degree of crystallinity, its degree of crystallinity is less than 25%, the birefringence of corpus fibrosum is greater than 0.18;
(c), use the described doughnut of (a) described excimer laser irradiation (b) 10 to 80 seconds, i.e. generation penetrability microcellular structure in described hollow fiber walls.
The used PRK of the present invention can with processed fibrous material generation photochemical effect, its action principle is that the laser of certain wavelength and intensity directly cuts the macromolecular chain of polymer, thereby at polymer surfaces, particularly the chemical fibre surface produces photochemistry carving erosion effect.This method is convenient, fast, flexible, can handle superfine doughnut, and the zone of processing and area size can be selected arbitrarily, and be pollution-free.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 makes the schematic flow sheet of an exemplary embodiments of method of many microporous hollow fibers for laser processing technology of the present invention.
1 is laser instrument among Fig. 1; 1 ' is laser beam; 2 is untreated tubular filament yarn tube; 3 is twizzle; 4 is feeding roller; 5 are tow stabilizer (not needing in the static treatment method), and its effect is that the long filament that keeps processed does not depart from laser beam 1 ' when motion; 6 is traction roller; 7 is processed long filament; 8 for rolling the yarn tube.Wherein feeding roller 4, traction roller 6 and roll yarn tube 8 can single action or interlock, it can be continuous running that system is rolled in whole feeding, traction, also can be the pulsation running, and running speed is adjustable.Concrete processing method will be determined according to actual needs.Pending doughnut long filament package is in yarn tube 2, by entering tow stabilizer 5 behind twizzle 3 and the feeding roller 4, the excimer pulsed laser beam that in tow stabilizer 5, sent 1 ' irradiation and produce many micropores by laser instrument 1, enter by traction roller 6 and twizzle 3 again and roll yarn tube 3, promptly become the finished product of handling well.
In the aforesaid method involved in the present invention, PRK not necessarily will focus on, and the size in the hole that produces in fiber and number are except the influence of stimulated radiation amount, degree of crystallinity, the degree of orientation that also is subjected to the influence of fiber self structure, particularly fiber self is the principal element that can decision form loose structure and formation loose structure feature (for example size in hole and number).
Existing production porous fibre or doughnut technology and the porous fibre of being produced, particularly porous hollow fiber can not satisfy the requirement of new function material or filtering material production, particularly when only needing fiber to have the Local Porous structure, rely on prior art to be difficult to accomplish.The technology that the present invention proposes can be easy to particularly produce multi-cellular structure in the axial of doughnut long filament or short fiber or radially optional zone at fiber, can satisfy the requirement that new function material or filtering material are produced.
The fiber that the present invention relates to, particularly doughnut comprises that mainly widely used general doughnut difference is that the effect of laser treatment is relevant with fibrous inner structure in the present caused by spinning industrial production, the doughnut that can produce loose structure after the laser treatment should have than the higher duty of general fiber to degree and lower degree of crystallinity, be that degree of crystallinity is generally less than 25%, preferably less than 30%; The birefringence of corpus fibrosum is generally greater than 0.18, more preferably greater than 0.188.The doughnut that the present invention relates to simultaneously can be the single hole doughnut, can be loose structure also, be that fibre section hollow hole count surpasses one doughnut.
The technology that the present invention proposes can be used for one filament or staple fibre, also can be used for multifilament long filament or staple fibre bundle, but when handling multifilament, 150D/30F long filament for example, according to actual needs, processed position must be handled through certain combing, makes single fiber in the multifilament be each other not have and blocks ordered state, prevents to cause the incomplete result of processing because single fiber in the multifilament blocks mutually.
The laser wavelength range that the present invention relates to is 193nm to 248nm, and laser energy intensity is 10mJ/cm
2To 500mJ/cm
2, the laser treatment time is 10 seconds to 80 seconds when laser is 1HZ.For example, handle the PET Hollow fiber of 4D, the laser of available 193nm-248nm wavelength, the laser of 248nm preferably, energy density is 30mJ/cm
2To 300mJ/cm
2, be preferably 60ml/cm
2To 200mJ/cm
2Processing time is 10 seconds to 60 seconds; Be preferably 20 seconds to 30 seconds.When handling multifilament, as use high-frequency or continuous laser treatment, can long filament be bondd mutually because the heat accumulation in the processing procedure causes tangible heat effect in multifilament.Therefore, preferably use pulse laser when handling multifilament, frequency can be 1-100HZ, is preferably 10-40HZ.
In the processing procedure of monofilament or multifilament, stablizing of monofilament when should be specifically noted that processing in the processed zone or tow stably is within the hot spot of laser processed zone from start to finish.The treatment technology that particularly the present invention relates to, according to actual needs, can in very on a large scale, produce loose structure at fiber axis, also can in several microns scope, produce loose structure at fiber axis, under the situation that zonule (micron order) handled, the stability of processed fiber seems even more important.
The handled doughnut of the present invention can the single hole doughnut, also can be porous hollow fiber, that is can in cross section, have comprise one or more than one, at the doughnut of fiber vertical communication or disconnected hollow hole; Comprise hollow hole fiber radially or laterally with the extraneous part or all of doughnut that is communicated with of fiber; Comprise the doughnut that contains air in the hollow hole or do not have any material, also comprise the doughnut that contains other material in the hollow hole; Comprise monofilament, multifilament, staple fibre, also comprise the doughnut that is in single or multiple fibrid aggregate or the fiber manufactured goods.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of laser processing technology is made the method for many microporous hollow fibers, it is characterized in that:
(a), used laser is PRK, its wave-length coverage is 193nm to 248nm, laser energy intensity is 10mJ/cm
2To 500ml/cm
2Frequency range is 1-100HZ;
(b), used doughnut should have than the higher degree of orientation of general fiber and lower degree of crystallinity, its degree of crystallinity is less than 25%, the birefringence of corpus fibrosum is greater than 0.18;
(c), use the described doughnut of (a) described excimer laser irradiation (b) 10 to 80 seconds, i.e. generation penetrability microcellular structure in described hollow fiber walls.
2, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described doughnut is a kind of chemical fiber filament or short fiber that axially has cavity structure that prolong, and can be polyamide fibre, terylene or polypropylene fibre.
3, method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described doughnut can the single hole doughnut, also can be porous hollow fiber, that is can in fiber cross section, have comprise one or more than one, at the doughnut of fiber vertical communication or disconnected hollow hole.
4, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described doughnut also comprise hollow hole fiber radially or laterally with the extraneous part or all of doughnut that is communicated with of fiber.
5, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described doughnut comprises the doughnut that contains air in the hollow hole or do not have any material, also comprises the doughnut that contains other material in the hollow hole.
6, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in laser irradiation process, should make irradiated doughnut monofilament or tow keep stable, processed zone stably is within the hot spot of laser from start to finish.
7, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described doughnut comprises monofilament, multifilament, staple fibre, also comprises the doughnut that is in single or multiple fibrid aggregate or the fiber manufactured goods.
8, method according to claim 7 is characterized in that: when handling multifilament, processed position must be handled through certain combing, makes single fiber in the multifilament be each other not have and blocks ordered state.
9, according to claim 7 or 8 described methods, it is characterized in that: use pulse laser when handling multifilament, frequency can be 1-100HZ.
10, method according to claim 9 is characterized in that, described frequency is 10-40HZ.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN97114324A CN1063805C (en) | 1997-12-16 | 1997-12-16 | Method for making multi-microporous hollow fibre by using laser processing technology |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN97114324A CN1063805C (en) | 1997-12-16 | 1997-12-16 | Method for making multi-microporous hollow fibre by using laser processing technology |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1220322A CN1220322A (en) | 1999-06-23 |
| CN1063805C true CN1063805C (en) | 2001-03-28 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN97114324A Expired - Fee Related CN1063805C (en) | 1997-12-16 | 1997-12-16 | Method for making multi-microporous hollow fibre by using laser processing technology |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102433763B (en) * | 2011-08-26 | 2013-10-16 | 中国纺织科学研究院 | Functional fiber, manufacturing method and fabric formed via weaving functional fiber |
| EP2712699A1 (en) * | 2012-10-01 | 2014-04-02 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method for protecting a component, method for laser boring and component |
| CN109954987B (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2020-07-10 | 清华大学 | Method for processing nano blind holes on surface of single silk by femtosecond laser |
| CN110714240B (en) * | 2019-10-11 | 2022-04-26 | 常州大学 | Method for preparing porous polymer fiber by laser irradiation |
| CN114717705B (en) * | 2022-03-25 | 2023-12-08 | 吴江市康佳纺织有限公司 | Thermal fiber with velvet and fabric and preparation process thereof |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1047542A (en) * | 1989-05-20 | 1990-12-05 | 中国纺织大学 | The laser heating device of multi-spindle deformation spinning machine |
| CN1130555A (en) * | 1994-09-16 | 1996-09-11 | 麦克尼尔-Ppc公司 | Defocused laser drilling process for making fabric forming device |
-
1997
- 1997-12-16 CN CN97114324A patent/CN1063805C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1047542A (en) * | 1989-05-20 | 1990-12-05 | 中国纺织大学 | The laser heating device of multi-spindle deformation spinning machine |
| CN1130555A (en) * | 1994-09-16 | 1996-09-11 | 麦克尼尔-Ppc公司 | Defocused laser drilling process for making fabric forming device |
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|---|---|
| CN1220322A (en) | 1999-06-23 |
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