CN106380121A - 一种防泛碱的自清洁透水砖及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种防泛碱的自清洁透水砖及其制备方法,其特征在于,是由以下重量份的原料制成的:二氧化钛3‑6,乙醇10‑20,银氨溶液4‑8,乙酸乙酯25‑35,活性炭8‑14,聚丙烯酸酯3‑5,废弃织物3‑5,风积沙20‑30,聚四氟乙烯乳液30‑40,环氧树脂GCC135 10‑15,固化剂GCC137 10‑15;在二氧化钛表面均匀负载银粒子,再由活性炭负载二氧化钛,可以达到活性炭吸附二氧化硫等物质,银离子激活促进二氧化钛催化,二氧化钛将其分解这一系列的连续彻底自清洁效果;利用硬脂酸钠处理活性炭,有效缓解砖面泛白、泛碱现象。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及建筑材料领域,具体涉及一种防泛碱的自清洁透水砖及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着经济的快速发展和城市化进程的加快,城市地表被越来越多的水泥路面、沥青路面等不透水材料覆盖,带来便利交通的同时,也造成了许多负面的影响。不透水性路面,一方面使得城市雨水下渗量大大减少,导致地下水得到补充,地下水位持续下降,甚至引起地面沉降,海水入侵等问题;另一方面,路面雨水通过城市排水系统进入河流,增加城市排水系统的压力,排不走的雨水则在路面产生大量积水,城市洪错频频发生。大量研究表明,与不透水路面相比,透水砖路面具有缓解地表径流、补给地下、净化路面雨水、改善城市热环境、吸收城市噪音、改善城市地表土壤生态环境等作用。市场上常见的透水砖主要有混凝土透水砖、陶瓷透水砖、砂基透水砖等。砂基透水砖是近些年发展起来的新型透水砖,以沙漠中的风积沙为骨料,透水效果明显,发挥了重要的作用。
王萍萍在《树脂砂基透水砖的制备及性能研究》中,利用风积沙和环氧树脂、固化剂制备了一种树脂砂基透水砖,但是考虑到实际应用,还存在着功能不够丰富,比如对表面附着物及有害气体的吸附与分解,抗压抗裂性能不够优异等问题。
发明内容
基于以上的思考,本发明的目的是提供一种自清洁透水砖及其制备方法,克服上述的有害物质吸附与分解缺陷、抗压抗裂性能不足等。
本发明所要解决的技术问题采用以下的技术方案来实现 :
一种防泛碱的自清洁透水砖,其特征在于,由以下重量份的原料制成:
硬脂酸钠2-4,二氧化钛3-6,水玻璃1-2,乙醇10-20,银氨溶液4-8,乙酸乙酯25-35,活性炭8-14,煤矸石粉1-3,聚丙烯酸酯3-5,废弃织物3-5,风积沙20-30,聚四氟乙烯乳液30-40,环氧树脂GCC135 10-15,固化剂GCC137 10-15;
所述银氨溶液的浓度为0.02-0.2mol/L,pH为11-13;废弃织物为涤棉织物或涤纶织物;聚四氟乙烯乳液固含量为40-60%。
所述的一种防泛碱的自清洁透水砖及其制备方法,其特征在于,由以下步骤制成:
a.将二氧化钛加入乙醇中,超声分散均匀后,浸泡1-2h,过滤并烘干;将银氨溶液滴加到烘干的二氧化钛中,并不断搅拌,使其润湿均匀,充分润湿后,将二氧化钛在室温条件下干燥1-3天;干燥后,利用紫外光照射干燥后的样品2-7h,得到载银二氧化钛;
b. 将步骤a得到的载银二氧化钛加入到乙酸乙酯中分散均匀,再加入活性炭和聚丙烯酸酯和硬脂酸钠,搅拌均匀后浸泡2-3h,过滤后将其置于真空干燥箱中,抽真空干燥3-6h,得到硬脂酸钠处理并且负载载银二氧化钛的活性炭;
c. 对废弃织物进行剪切和撕松处理,得到3-7mm的再生纤维,将此再生纤维和风积沙加入到聚四氟乙烯乳液中,搅拌均匀,使其包裹一层聚四氟乙烯乳液,过滤并烘干,得到包覆聚四氟乙烯的再生纤维、风积沙混合物;
d. 将环氧树脂GCC135和固化剂GCC137置于行星胶砂搅拌机中搅拌均匀得到环氧树脂混合料,投入步骤b所得活性炭、步骤c所得混合物、水玻璃和煤矸石粉,搅拌至混合物表面均匀包覆环氧树脂混合料,接着将其注入模具中,用修刀抹平表面,并盖上不锈钢配重块;将模具放置在振动台上,振动成型后停止并搬离振动台,静置3-7小时后,脱模取出试样,在常温条件下自然养护5-10天即可。
所述一种防泛碱的自清洁透水砖及其制备方法,其特征在于,真空干燥箱抽真空度为2-10KPa。
本发明的有益效果是:本发明通过调节溶液 pH 值,使得润湿后的二氧化钛表面羟基带负电荷,银铵正离子在二氧化钛表面形成单层吸附,有效的阻止了后续银粒子的团聚与长大,最终得到在二氧化钛表面高度分散的银粒子;造成空气污染的成分主要为氮氧化物、二氧化硫和可吸入颗粒物,在二氧化钛表面均匀负载银粒子,再由活性炭负载二氧化钛,可以达到活性炭吸附二氧化硫等物质,银离子激活促进二氧化钛催化,二氧化钛将其分解这一系列的连续彻底除霾、自清洁效果;将废弃织物用聚四氟乙烯乳液处理后添加到透水砖中,可以得到拉伸强度良好的再生纤维,受压时可阻挡裂缝扩散,从而提高透水砖的强度;风积沙等骨料之间无数的细小缝隙,使透水砖的透水性能十分优异;利用硬脂酸钠处理活性炭,有效缓解砖面泛白、泛碱现象。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例, 对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步描述。
实施例
一种防泛碱的自清洁透水砖,其特征在于,由以下重量份的原料制成:
硬脂酸钠4,二氧化钛6,水玻璃2,乙醇20,银氨溶液8,乙酸乙酯35,活性炭14,煤矸石粉3,聚丙烯酸酯5,废弃织物3,风积沙20,聚四氟乙烯乳液40,环氧树脂GCC135 15,固化剂GCC137 15;
所述银氨溶液的浓度为0.02-0.2mol/L,pH为11-13;废弃织物为涤棉织物或涤纶织物;聚四氟乙烯乳液固含量为40-60%。
所述的一种防泛碱的自清洁透水砖及其制备方法,其特征在于,由以下步骤制成:
a.将二氧化钛加入乙醇中,超声分散均匀后,浸泡1-2h,过滤并烘干;将银氨溶液滴加到烘干的二氧化钛中,并不断搅拌,使其润湿均匀,充分润湿后,将二氧化钛在室温条件下干燥1-3天;干燥后,利用紫外光照射干燥后的样品2-7h,得到载银二氧化钛;
b. 将步骤a得到的载银二氧化钛加入到乙酸乙酯中分散均匀,再加入活性炭和聚丙烯酸酯和硬脂酸钠,搅拌均匀后浸泡2-3h,过滤后将其置于真空干燥箱中,抽真空干燥3-6h,得到硬脂酸钠处理并且负载载银二氧化钛的活性炭;
c. 对废弃织物进行剪切和撕松处理,得到3-7mm的再生纤维,将此再生纤维和风积沙加入到聚四氟乙烯乳液中,搅拌均匀,使其包裹一层聚四氟乙烯乳液,过滤并烘干,得到包覆聚四氟乙烯的再生纤维、风积沙混合物;
d. 将环氧树脂GCC135和固化剂GCC137置于行星胶砂搅拌机中搅拌均匀得到环氧树脂混合料,投入步骤b所得活性炭、步骤c所得混合物、水玻璃和煤矸石粉,搅拌至混合物表面均匀包覆环氧树脂混合料,接着将其注入模具中,用修刀抹平表面,并盖上不锈钢配重块;将模具放置在振动台上,振动成型后停止并搬离振动台,静置3-7小时后,脱模取出试样,在常温条件下自然养护5-10天即可。
所述一种防泛碱的自清洁透水砖及其制备方法,其特征在于,真空干燥箱抽真空度为2-10KPa。
本发明的技术参数为:
抗压强度≥35.5MPa;吸水率≥43.59%;孔隙率≥47.43%。
Claims (3)
1.一种防泛碱的自清洁透水砖,其特征在于,由以下重量份的原料制成:
硬脂酸钠2-4,二氧化钛3-6,水玻璃1-2,乙醇10-20,银氨溶液4-8,乙酸乙酯25-35,活性炭8-14,煤矸石粉1-3,聚丙烯酸酯3-5,废弃织物3-5,风积沙20-30,聚四氟乙烯乳液30-40,环氧树脂GCC135 10-15,固化剂GCC137 10-15;
所述银氨溶液的浓度为0.02-0.2mol/L,pH为11-13;废弃织物为涤棉织物或涤纶织物;聚四氟乙烯乳液固含量为40-60%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种防泛碱的自清洁透水砖及其制备方法,其特征在于,由以下步骤制成:
a.将二氧化钛加入乙醇中,超声分散均匀后,浸泡1-2h,过滤并烘干;将银氨溶液滴加到烘干的二氧化钛中,并不断搅拌,使其润湿均匀,充分润湿后,将二氧化钛在室温条件下干燥1-3天;干燥后,利用紫外光照射干燥后的样品2-7h,得到载银二氧化钛;
b. 将步骤a得到的载银二氧化钛加入到乙酸乙酯中分散均匀,再加入活性炭和聚丙烯酸酯和硬脂酸钠,搅拌均匀后浸泡2-3h,过滤后将其置于真空干燥箱中,抽真空干燥3-6h,得到硬脂酸钠处理并且负载载银二氧化钛的活性炭;
c. 对废弃织物进行剪切和撕松处理,得到3-7mm的再生纤维,将此再生纤维和风积沙加入到聚四氟乙烯乳液中,搅拌均匀,使其包裹一层聚四氟乙烯乳液,过滤并烘干,得到包覆聚四氟乙烯的再生纤维、风积沙混合物;
d. 将环氧树脂GCC135和固化剂GCC137置于行星胶砂搅拌机中搅拌均匀得到环氧树脂混合料,投入步骤b所得活性炭、步骤c所得混合物、水玻璃和煤矸石粉,搅拌至混合物表面均匀包覆环氧树脂混合料,接着将其注入模具中,用修刀抹平表面,并盖上不锈钢配重块;将模具放置在振动台上,振动成型后停止并搬离振动台,静置3-7小时后,脱模取出试样,在常温条件下自然养护5-10天即可。
3.根据权利要求2所述一种防泛碱的自清洁透水砖及其制备方法,其特征在于,真空干燥箱抽真空度为2-10KPa。
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