CN106373842B - A kind of method for widening hollow cathode dot pattern discharge current range - Google Patents
A kind of method for widening hollow cathode dot pattern discharge current range Download PDFInfo
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- CN106373842B CN106373842B CN201610959108.2A CN201610959108A CN106373842B CN 106373842 B CN106373842 B CN 106373842B CN 201610959108 A CN201610959108 A CN 201610959108A CN 106373842 B CN106373842 B CN 106373842B
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- hollow cathode
- cathode
- discharge current
- dot pattern
- current range
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910025794 LaB6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- WMTSAHAFZXEJBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ba].[W] Chemical compound [Ba].[W] WMTSAHAFZXEJBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- IADRPEYPEFONML-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ce].[W] Chemical compound [Ce].[W] IADRPEYPEFONML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- FAYUQEZUGGXARF-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum tungsten Chemical compound [La].[W] FAYUQEZUGGXARF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical group [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J9/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture, installation, removal, maintenance of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof; Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
- H01J9/02—Manufacture of electrodes or electrode systems
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Plasma Technology (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of method for widening hollow cathode dot pattern discharge current range, it is related to widening the technical field of hollow cathode discharge current range, in order to solve the problem of hollow cathode dot pattern discharge current narrow range and the method for conventional Extension hollow cathode dot pattern discharge current range can reduce the specific impulse of entire propulsion system and easily cause cathode overheat.According to hollow cathode actual demand design cathode part, and initial setting throttle orifice inset from；Cathode is worked normally, measures hollow cathode running parameter；According to hollow cathode work layout throttle orifice inset from, then work normally cathode, measure hollow cathode running parameter；Repeat step 3, until find optimal throttle orifice inset from.The present invention is suitable for broadening hollow cathode dot pattern discharge current range.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical fields of broadening hollow cathode discharge current range.
Background technology
Hollow cathode is a kind of electron source, is widely used in the fields such as space electric propulsion technology, plasma processing techniques.
Hollow cathode generally uses inert gas to form plasma environment in hollow cathode inner cavity by ionized gas as working medium.
When extraneous potential is higher, so that it may electronics is pulled out inside from hollow cathode.There are two types of operating modes for hollow cathode, respectively put mould
Formula and plume pattern.Dot pattern is characterized in that discharge voltage is low, and voltage and current oscillation is small.It is corresponding, the feature of plume pattern
It is discharge voltage height, voltage and current oscillation is big.Pervious electric propulsion system is only applied and is kept in communications satellite geo-stationary orbit.
The thrust variation range of system is small, and the discharge current of hollow cathode is substantially stationary.Full electric propulsion platform has been developed at present, has been exactly
On the basis of original track holding task, increase one target object from near-earth low orbit promoted to work needed for
Remote ground high orbit.Power needed for lifting track is more than power when track is kept, therefore the discharge current of cathode greatly increases.
This requires the hollow cathode that full electric propulsion platform is equipped with has the ability of variation discharge current in a wide range of.And work as discharge current
During change, the operating mode of hollow cathode can be converted between dot pattern and plume pattern.Plume pattern can generate energetic ion,
Corroding cathode part can also consume accelerating potential, reduce system thrust.Cathode plume pattern is coupled together with engine and can reduce
The stability of system or even cause engine misses.Therefore broadening hollow cathode dot pattern discharge current range is that research is hollow
One of key technology of cathode.
The method of conventional Extension hollow cathode dot pattern discharge current range is to increase air demand：Increasing gas supply flow can be with
Make the discharge voltage of hollow cathode reduce, be conducive to maintain dot pattern work.Since hollow cathode does not carry in electric propulsion system
Arch thrust, increasing gas supply can reduce the specific impulse of entire propulsion system.In addition, after gas supply flow increase, plasma can be pushed away
To cathode throttle orifice, plasma heating effect enhancing herein, effective transmitting length of emitter shortens, and temperature gradient increases
Add, be very easy to that cathode is caused to overheat, baptism is brought to the parts material of cathode and service life.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to solve hollow cathode dot pattern discharge current narrow range, and conventional Extension hollow cathode
The problem of method of dot pattern discharge current range can reduce the specific impulse of entire propulsion system and easily cause cathode overheat, so as to
A kind of method for widening hollow cathode dot pattern discharge current range is provided.
A kind of method for widening hollow cathode dot pattern discharge current range of the present invention, this method include following step
Suddenly：
Step 1：According to hollow cathode actual demand design cathode part, and initial setting throttle orifice inset from；
Step 2：Cathode is worked normally, measures hollow cathode running parameter；
Step 3：According to hollow cathode work layout throttle orifice inset from, then work normally cathode, measure
Hollow cathode running parameter；
Repeat step 3, until find optimal throttle orifice inset from.
Preferably, the material of throttle orifice is tungsten, LaB6, cerium tungsten, lanthanum tungsten or barium tungsten, the material of the emitter of hollow cathode
For tungsten, LaB6, cerium tungsten, lanthanum tungsten or barium tungsten.
Preferably, the length of the emitter of hollow cathode and internal diameter according to the electron emissivity of emitter and it is required most
Big discharge current determines that the minimum value in throttle orifice aperture is determined according to via current density, the maximum value in throttle orifice aperture according to
Minimum restriction effect determines needed for gas supply flow and cathode.
Preferably, throttle orifice inset from ranging from hollow cathode emitter total length 20%-50%.
Preferably, the current range of hollow cathode is 5A-200A.
Preferably, the ranging from 2sccm-50sccm of cathode gas supply flow.
The present invention throttles hole site to reduce temperature gradient and electron emission task is distributed in throttle orifice by change
Outer two parts emitter.According to actual current range requirement, reasonable distribution electron emission task optimizes the electronics by throttle orifice
Current ratio extends the method for dot pattern discharge current range.Ensure in required current range, it both will not be because of electric current hour
Plasma heating energy is insufficient and extinguishes, will not because of electric current it is big when cathode temperature it is excessively high.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：The present invention proposes a kind of interior shifting throttle orifice of utilization, reduces emitter temperature gradient, increases
Added with the method that effect emission area obtains broader dot pattern discharge current range, this method is implemented simply, not needing to increase cloudy
Pole gas supply flow.
The present invention is suitable for broadening hollow cathode dot pattern discharge current range.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of stream of the method for broadening hollow cathode dot pattern discharge current range described in specific embodiment one
Cheng Tu；
Fig. 2 is the curve graph of the electron emission current relationship between density and temperature in specific embodiment three；
Fig. 3 is the hollow cathode test system in specific embodiment five；1 is throttle orifice, and 2 be barometer.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiment one：Present embodiment is illustrated with reference to Fig. 1, a kind of broadening described in present embodiment is hollow
The method of cathode dot pattern discharge current range, this method include the following steps：
Step 1：According to hollow cathode actual demand design cathode part, and initial setting throttle orifice inset from；
Step 2：Cathode is worked normally, measures hollow cathode running parameter；
Step 3：According to hollow cathode work layout throttle orifice inset from, then work normally cathode, measure
Hollow cathode running parameter；
Repeat step 3, until find optimal throttle orifice inset from.
According to the material and size and throttle orifice inset of actual demand selection design emitter and throttle orifice from measurement is empty
The parameters such as heart cathode gas pressure and discharge current, according to flash-over characteristic optimize throttle orifice inset from.
Present embodiment is increased effectively transmitting length, is broadened the scope of work by the variation of heat source position.
Specific embodiment two：Present embodiment is to a kind of broadening hollow cathode point mould described in specific embodiment one
The method of formula discharge current range is described further, and in present embodiment, the material of throttle orifice is tungsten, LaB6, cerium tungsten, lanthanum tungsten
Or barium tungsten etc., the material of the emitter of hollow cathode is tungsten, LaB6, cerium tungsten, lanthanum tungsten or barium tungsten etc..
Specific embodiment three：Present embodiment is illustrated with reference to Fig. 2, present embodiment is to specific embodiment one
Or a kind of method of broadening hollow cathode dot pattern discharge current range described in two is described further, in present embodiment,
The length and internal diameter of the emitter of hollow cathode are determined according to the electron emissivity and required maximum discharge current of emitter, are saved
The minimum value of orifice aperture determines that the maximum value in throttle orifice aperture is according to needed for gas supply flow and cathode according to via current density
Minimum restriction effect determines.
Fig. 2 is the curve graph of electron emission current relationship between density and temperature.
Specific embodiment four：Present embodiment is to a kind of broadening hollow cathode described in specific embodiment one or two
The method of dot pattern discharge current range is described further, in present embodiment, throttle orifice inset from it is ranging from hollow
The 20%-50% of the emitter total length of cathode.
Specific embodiment five：Present embodiment is illustrated with reference to Fig. 3, present embodiment is to specific embodiment one
Or a kind of method of broadening hollow cathode dot pattern discharge current range described in two is described further, in present embodiment,
According to degree is moved in estimation, processing length is tested for 20%, 30% and 50% emitter of emitter total length；
Processing emitter and throttle orifice are selected according to mission requirements first, cathode is assembled, then allows hollow cathode in such as Fig. 3
Shown hollow cathode test system and test compares the characteristic of shifting degree in difference, selects preferred plan.
Mission requirements current range is 2A-10A, gas supply flow 3sccm-5sccm.Select LaB6As emitter, electricity
Sub- emissivities are 20A/cm2.Emitter is designed and sized to internal diameter 2mm, outer diameter 5mm, is divided into two sections, total length 10mm.Interior shifting
Distance respectively 2mm, 3mm and 5mm.Throttle orifice aperture 0.8mm.
By interior shifting throttle orifice, emitter temperature gradient is reduced, expands effective electron emission area, prevents cathode from overheating,
Operating voltage is reduced, extends dot pattern discharge current range.This method is simple, can under the premise of gas supply flow is not increased,
The discharge current range of extending cathode power mode.
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of above-mentioned exemplary embodiment, Er Qie
In the case of without departing substantially from spirit or essential attributes of the invention, the present invention can be realized in other specific forms.Therefore, no matter
From the point of view of which point, the present embodiments are to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is by appended power
Profit requirement rather than above description limit, it is intended that all by what is fallen within the meaning and scope of the equivalent requirements of the claims
Variation is included within the present invention.
Although the present invention is described herein with reference to specific embodiment, it should be understood that, these realities
Apply the example that example is only principles and applications.It should therefore be understood that exemplary embodiment can be carried out
Many modifications, and can be designed that other arrangements, without departing from the spirit of the present invention as defined in the appended claims
And range.It should be understood that different appurtenances can be combined by being different from the described mode of original claim
Profit requirement and feature described herein.It will also be appreciated that it can be used with reference to the described feature of separate embodiments
In other described embodiments.
Claims (6)
- A kind of 1. method for widening hollow cathode dot pattern discharge current range, which is characterized in that this method includes the following steps：Step 1：According to hollow cathode actual demand design cathode part, and initial setting throttle orifice inset from；Step 2：Cathode is worked normally, measures hollow cathode running parameter；Step 3：According to hollow cathode work layout throttle orifice inset from, then work normally cathode, measure it is hollow Cathode running parameter；Repeat step 3, until find optimal throttle orifice inset from.
- 2. a kind of method for widening hollow cathode dot pattern discharge current range according to claim 1, which is characterized in that The material of throttle orifice is tungsten, LaB6, cerium tungsten, lanthanum tungsten or barium tungsten, the material of the emitter of hollow cathode is tungsten, LaB6, cerium tungsten, lanthanum Tungsten or barium tungsten.
- 3. a kind of method for widening hollow cathode dot pattern discharge current range according to claim 1 or 2, feature exist In the length and internal diameter of the emitter of hollow cathode are true according to the electron emissivity of emitter and required maximum discharge current Fixed, the minimum value in throttle orifice aperture determines that the maximum value in throttle orifice aperture is according to gas supply flow and the moon according to via current density Extremely required minimum restriction effect determines.
- 4. a kind of method for widening hollow cathode dot pattern discharge current range according to claim 1 or 2, feature exist In, throttle orifice inset from ranging from hollow cathode emitter total length 20%-50%.
- 5. a kind of method for widening hollow cathode dot pattern discharge current range according to claim 1 or 2, feature exist In the current range of hollow cathode is 5A-200A.
- 6. a kind of method for widening hollow cathode dot pattern discharge current range according to claim 1 or 2, feature exist In the ranging from 2sccm-50sccm of cathode gas supply flow.
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| CN201610959108.2A CN106373842B (en) | 2016-11-03 | 2016-11-03 | A kind of method for widening hollow cathode dot pattern discharge current range |
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| CN201610959108.2A CN106373842B (en) | 2016-11-03 | 2016-11-03 | A kind of method for widening hollow cathode dot pattern discharge current range |
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| CN108009386B (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2021-03-30 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Optimization design method for aperture of hollow cathode holding electrode |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0896709A (en) * | 1994-09-27 | 1996-04-12 | Shimadzu Corp | Manufacture of multipole electrode |
| JP2004169606A (en) * | 2002-11-19 | 2004-06-17 | National Aerospace Laboratory Of Japan | Hollow cathode |
| JP2007250316A (en) * | 2006-03-15 | 2007-09-27 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Hollow cathode |
| CN202917423U (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2013-05-01 | 电子科技大学 | A hollow cathode assembly |
| CN103311066A (en) * | 2013-06-03 | 2013-09-18 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Emitter with inner core for self-held hollow cathode of spacecraft |
| CN105578696A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-05-11 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for measuring plasma density of throttle hole region of hollow cathode |
| CN105609395A (en) * | 2015-12-28 | 2016-05-25 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Novel hollow cathode |
| CN105764225A (en) * | 2016-05-19 | 2016-07-13 | 中国工程物理研究院材料研究所 | Compact type high-power hollow cathode discharge device |
-
2016
- 2016-11-03 CN CN201610959108.2A patent/CN106373842B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0896709A (en) * | 1994-09-27 | 1996-04-12 | Shimadzu Corp | Manufacture of multipole electrode |
| JP2004169606A (en) * | 2002-11-19 | 2004-06-17 | National Aerospace Laboratory Of Japan | Hollow cathode |
| JP2007250316A (en) * | 2006-03-15 | 2007-09-27 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Hollow cathode |
| CN202917423U (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2013-05-01 | 电子科技大学 | A hollow cathode assembly |
| CN103311066A (en) * | 2013-06-03 | 2013-09-18 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Emitter with inner core for self-held hollow cathode of spacecraft |
| CN105578696A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-05-11 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for measuring plasma density of throttle hole region of hollow cathode |
| CN105609395A (en) * | 2015-12-28 | 2016-05-25 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Novel hollow cathode |
| CN105764225A (en) * | 2016-05-19 | 2016-07-13 | 中国工程物理研究院材料研究所 | Compact type high-power hollow cathode discharge device |
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