CN106372384A - Remote sensing big data-based pulsatility analysis method and apparatus for city ecological security - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a remote sensing big data-based pulsatility analysis method and apparatus for city ecological security. The method comprises the steps of establishing an index system of a to-be-analyzed city; dividing a coverage area of the to-be-analyzed city into a plurality of grid units same in size, and taking each grid unit as a monitoring unit; obtaining ecological security monitoring data of each monitoring unit in a plurality of time nodes, and calculating the value of each ecological security index of each monitoring unit in each time node; calculating a weight coefficient of each ecological security index of the monitoring unit in the time node; calculating a comprehensive ecological security value of the monitoring units in the time node; and analyzing ecological security states and/or ecological security state changes of the monitoring units. According to the method and the apparatus, the ecological security states and/or the ecological security state changes of the monitoring units are calculated, so that the pulsatility analysis on the city ecological security is realized.

Description

The pulsating nature analysis method of the urban ecological security based on remote sensing big data and device

Technical field

The present invention relates to remote sensing technology field, especially relate to a kind of arteries and veins of the urban ecological security based on remote sensing big data Dynamic property analysis method and device.

Background technology

Since the nineties in last century, many scholars are from different perspectives to the theory of ecological safety, evaluation index and ecology Structure of landscape security pattern etc. has done numerous studies, and achieves a lot of important achievement, but current research focus mostly on country and On regional scale, the research to urban ecological security is less, so being difficult to learn the state of urban ecological security or its change.

Content of the invention

For disadvantages described above, the present invention provides a kind of pulsating nature analysis side of the urban ecological security based on remote sensing big data Method and device, can know land use data and the urban ecology such as vegetation parameter, the population collection index peace of different time points Full state or its change.

In a first aspect, the pulsating nature analysis method bag of the urban ecological security based on remote sensing big data of present invention offer Include:

Set up the index system in city to be analyzed, described index system includes ecological pressure, ecological state and Eco response Three one-level ecological safety indexs；Wherein, ecological pressure index includes urbanization intensity, mining inetesity and Scenic Bridges three Two grades of ecological safety indexs, ecological state index includes value of ecosystem service and the ecological peace of two two grades of ecological recovery ability All referring to mark, one two grades of ecological safety of area ratio that Eco response index includes the monitoring means shared by area of protection zone refer to Mark；

The overlay area being analysed to city is divided into several specification identical grid cells, and by each grid cell As monitoring means；

Obtain ecological safety Monitoring Data in multiple timing nodes for each monitoring means, and according to described ecological peace Full Monitoring Data calculates the size of each monitoring means each ecological safety index in each timing node；

According to the significance level of each ecological safety index in each timing node for each monitoring means, calculate this prison Survey the weight coefficient of each ecological safety index in this timing node for the unit；

Size according to each ecological safety index in this timing node for this monitoring means and weight coefficient, calculating should Ecological safety integrated value in this timing node for the monitoring means；

According to ecological safety integrated value in each timing node for this monitoring means, analyze the ecological peace of this monitoring means Total state and/or ecological safety state change.

Optionally, the urbanization intensity in each timing node using following formula i-th monitoring means of calculating:

${\mathrm{uii}}_i=h_{l,i}\·\frac{u_{1i}-u_{0i}}{\mathrm{\δ}t\×{\mathrm{ta}}_i}\×100$

Wherein, uii_iFor i-th monitoring means urbanization intensity in this timing node, h_l,iFor i-th monitoring means In the population collection coefficient of l time point, u_1iFor i-th monitoring means in l timing node building site, discarded and farming land Percentage ratio sum, u_0iFor i-th monitoring means in the previous timing node o of l timing node waterproof underlying surface and agricultural The percentage ratio sum on ground, δ t is the time interval between this timing node and a upper timing node；ta_iFor i-th monitoring means The gross area, i be more than 0 be less than or equal to grid sum positive integer.

Optionally, using the mining inetesity of following formula i-th monitoring means of calculating:

${\mathrm{cdii}}_i=h_{l,i}\·\frac{u_i}{{\mathrm{ta}}_i}\×100$

Wherein, cdii_iFor the mining inetesity of i-th monitoring means, h_l,iFor i-th monitoring means l time point population Convergence factor, u_iAccount for the percentage of the gross area of the i-th monitoring means for the waterproof underlying surface in the i-th monitoring means and farming land Ratio ta_iThe gross area for i-th monitoring means.

Optionally, using the Scenic Bridges of following formula i-th monitoring means of calculating:

${\mathrm{fi}}_i=\frac{n_i}{{\mathrm{ta}}_i}$

Wherein, fi_iFor the Scenic Bridges of i-th monitoring means, ta_iFor the gross area of i-th monitoring means, n_iFor i-th The speckle sum of all land types of individual monitoring means.

Optionally, using the value of ecosystem service of following formula i-th monitoring means of calculating:

${\mathrm{esv}}_i=\underset{j=1}{\overset{n}{\σ}}\frac{a_{ij}{s}_j}{{\mathrm{ta}}_i}$

Wherein, esv_iFor the value of ecosystem service of i-th monitoring means, a_ijFor jth kind soil in i-th monitoring means The area in the soil of ground use pattern, s_jFor the Ecosystem Service Value in the soil of jth kind land use pattern, ta_iSupervise for i-th Survey the gross area of unit, n is the sum of land use pattern.

Optionally, using the ecological recovery ability of following formula i-th monitoring means of calculating:

${\mathrm{er}}_i=\underset{j=1}{\overset{n}{\σ}}\frac{a_{ij}{m}_j}{{\mathrm{ta}}_i}$

Wherein, er_iFor the ecological recovery ability of i-th monitoring means, a_ijFor jth kind soil profit in i-th monitoring means With the area in the soil of type, m_jFor the restoration grade of the jth kind land use pattern of i-th monitoring means, ta_iSupervise for i-th Survey the gross area of unit, n is the sum of land use pattern.

Optionally, the described weight coefficient calculating each ecological safety index in this timing node for this monitoring means, Including:

Each two grades of ecological safety index and any one two grades of ecological safety index are carried out significance level contrast, determines Corresponding scalar quantization value, and each scalar quantization value that determination is obtained is contrasted matrix；

Judge whether described contrast matrix is consistency matrix, and when described contrast matrix is consistency matrix, calculate The eigenvalue of maximum of described contrast matrix, if described eigenvalue of maximum is unique, and described eigenvalue of maximum is equal to described right Ratio Spectral radius radius, then calculate the standardization characteristic vector of described eigenvalue of maximum；

If described standardization characteristic vector is positive vector, using described standardization characteristic vector as weight vectors, described The value of each of weight vectors element is as the weight coefficient of corresponding two grades of ecological safety indexs.

Optionally, calculate each ecological safety index in this timing node for this monitoring means weight coefficient it Before, methods described includes:

If described ecological safety index is positive parameter, this ecological safety index is standardized locate using following formula Reason:

$x^{\′}=\frac{x-x_{min}}{x_{max}-x_{min}}$

Wherein, x is the ecological safety index before standardization, and x' is the ecological safety index after standardization, x_maxFor each The maximum of the ecological safety index in individual timing node, x_minMinima for the ecological safety index in each timing node； Or

If described ecological safety index is negative sense parameter, this ecological safety index is standardized locate using following formula Reason:

$x^{\′}=1-\frac{x-x_{min}}{x_{max}-x_{min}}$

Wherein, x is the ecological safety index before standardization, and x' is the ecological safety index after standardization, x_maxFor each The maximum of the ecological safety index in individual timing node, x_minMinima for the ecological safety index in each timing node.

Optionally, the size of described each ecological safety index according to this monitoring means in this timing node and weight Coefficient, calculates ecological safety integrated value in this timing node for this monitoring means, comprising:

According to urbanization intensity, mining inetesity, the size of Scenic Bridges index and weight coefficient, calculate ecological state and refer to Target size；Size according to value of ecosystem service and ecological recovery capacity index and weight coefficient, calculate ecological state The size of index；And using the ratio of monitoring means area shared by protection zone as Eco response index size；

Size according to ecological pressure index, ecological state index and Eco response index and weight coefficient, calculate described Ecological safety integrated value.

Second aspect, the pulsating nature analytical equipment of the urban ecological security based on remote sensing big data that the present invention provides, its It is characterised by, comprising:

Establishing module, for setting up the index system in city to be analyzed, described index system includes ecological pressure, life State state and three one-level ecological safety indexs of Eco response；Wherein, ecological pressure index includes urbanization intensity, mining inetesity With three two grades of ecological safety indexs of Scenic Bridges, ecological state index includes value of ecosystem service and ecological recovery energy Two two grades of ecological safety indexs of power, one two grades of ecological safety of area ratio that Eco response index is included shared by protection zone refer to Mark；

Stress and strain model module, the overlay area being analysed to city is divided into several specification identical grid cells, and Using each grid cell as monitoring means；

First computing module, for obtaining ecological safety monitoring number in multiple timing nodes for each monitoring means According to, and each monitoring means each ecological safety in each timing node is calculated according to described ecological safety Monitoring Data refer to Target size；

Second computing module, for each ecological safety index in each timing node according to each monitoring means Significance level, calculates the weight coefficient of each ecological safety index in this timing node for this monitoring means；

3rd computing module, for the size of each ecological safety index in this timing node according to this monitoring means And weight coefficient, calculate ecological safety integrated value in this timing node for this monitoring means；

Analysis module, for the ecological safety integrated value in each timing node according to this monitoring means, analyzes this prison Survey ecological safety state and/or the ecological safety state change of unit.

The pulsating nature analysis method of urban ecological security and device that the present invention provides, by entering the overlay area in city Row divides, each monitoring means that computation partition the obtains size of each ecological safety index and power in different time node Weight coefficient, calculate ecological safety integrated value in different time node for each monitoring means further, finally can according to Ecological safety integrated value in different time node, determines ecological safety state and/or the ecological safety state of this monitoring means Change, realizes the pulsating nature analysis to urban ecological security.

Brief description

In order to be illustrated more clearly that the embodiment of the present disclosure or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing Have technology description in required use accompanying drawing be briefly described it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description be only this Some embodiments disclosed, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, acceptable Other accompanying drawings are obtained according to these figures.

Fig. 1 shows the schematic flow sheet of the pulsating nature analysis method of urban ecological security in one embodiment of the invention；

Fig. 2 shows the structured flowchart of the pulsating nature analytical equipment of urban ecological security in another embodiment of the present invention.

Specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present disclosure is carried out clear, complete Site preparation description is it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.It is based on Embodiment in the disclosure, it is every other that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of not making creative work Embodiment, broadly falls into the scope of disclosure protection.

The present invention provides a kind of pulsating nature analysis method of the urban ecological security based on remote sensing big data, as shown in figure 1, The method includes:

S101, set up the index system in city to be analyzed, described index system includes ecological pressure, ecological state and ecology Three one-level ecological safety indexs of response；Wherein, ecological pressure index includes urbanization intensity, mining inetesity and Scenic Bridges Three two grades of ecological safety indexs, ecological state index includes value of ecosystem service and the two two grades of lifes of ecological recovery ability State safety index, Eco response index includes one two grades of ecological safety of area ratio of the monitoring means shared by area of protection zone Index；

In the specific implementation, the method for application remote sensing big data information excavating obtains the city underlying surface information of different times (as Land_use change, vegetation pattern, vegetation index, waterproof underlying surface, water body, intensity of illumination distribution etc.), in conjunction with ecological environment model, Obtain urban ecology Monitoring Data, generate the index system of ecological safety on this basis.

S102, the overlay area being analysed to city are divided into several specification identical grid cells, and by each net Lattice unit is as monitoring means；

In the specific implementation, the size of monitoring means can determine according to the size of the overlay area in city to be analyzed, example As being divided into the sizing grid of 1km*1km, or the sizing grid being divided into 2km*2km.

S103, obtain ecological safety Monitoring Data in multiple timing nodes for each monitoring means, and according to described Ecological safety Monitoring Data calculates the size of each monitoring means each ecological safety index in each timing node；

Wherein, described ecological safety index includes urbanization intensity, mining inetesity, Scenic Bridges, ecosystems services Be worth, ecological recovery ability and/or the area ratio shared by protection zone；

It will be appreciated that urbanization intensity and mining inetesity are landscape dynamics pressure index, so-called landscape dynamics pressure Power index refers to the impact that mankind's activity is brought in Process of Urbanization to natural environment, and landscape dynamics pressure can be from city Change intensity, two aspect analyses of mining inetesity, therefore using urbanization intensity, mining inetesity as two ecological safety indexs.Wherein, Urbanization intensity reflects the dynamic change in soil, and it is the important indicator parameter of intensity identification.Wherein, mining inetesity is used for table Levy the intensity of artificial disturbance.

It will be appreciated that Scenic Bridges, value of ecosystem service, ecological recovery ability are state index, so-called State index refer to the present situations such as natural environment, ecosystem and resource consumption.Wherein, the reason landscape fragmentation it is: road, Urban sprawl leads to urban landscape to crush, and other artificial disturbances have had a strong impact on ecological safety and surrounding wild animal Life cycle, so a topmost problem of landscape fragmentation is ecosystem structure.Wherein, value of ecosystem service Can be direct or indirect the value that provided by the mankind of ecosystem is provided, the value of services of ecosystem is with the difference of position And difference, therefore different to different land use pattern distribution value.Wherein, ecological recovery ability is landscape ecological The attribute of stability, represents the Land cover types ecological recovery ability of the multiple land use strategies participating in ecosystem carrying capacity.

It will be appreciated that the area ratio shared by protection zone is response index.China's policies and regulations are included using forest land, edge Saline waters and basic farmland.For regulation of abiding by the law, the city function Division in oneself city suitable is all released in each city substantially Planning, instructs the distribution of Land_use change and keeps the balance between urban development and ecological protection.Go difference for concrete research Eco-functional regionalization (nature reserve area, wetland, forest, paddy field, built-up areas) divide, set up different gradation index systems.

In the specific implementation, multiple timing nodes can be permissible for continuously multiple timing nodes, the size of timing node For 1 year, half a year etc., specific size can voluntarily be arranged.

S104, according to each monitoring means each ecological safety index in each timing node significance level, meter Calculate the weight coefficient of each ecological safety index in this timing node for this monitoring means；

It will be appreciated that so-called significance level refers to the significance level for ecological safety.

S105, according to this monitoring means the size of each ecological safety index in this timing node and weight coefficient, Calculate ecological safety integrated value in this timing node for this monitoring means；；

S106, according to this monitoring means the ecological safety integrated value in each timing node, analyze this monitoring means Ecological safety state and/or ecological safety state change.

The pulsating nature analysis method of the urban ecological security that the present invention provides, by carrying out drawing the overlay area in city Point, each monitoring means that computation partition the obtains size of each ecological safety index and weight system in different time node Number, calculates ecological safety integrated value in different time node for each monitoring means further, finally can be according in difference Ecological safety integrated value in timing node, determines ecological safety state and/or the ecological safety state change of this monitoring means, Realize the pulsating nature analysis to urban ecological security.It is additionally, since and be actually to ecological safety monitoring data in analysis process Such big data carries out digging the process of evidence, excavates ecological safety state, ecological safety shape by calculating process step by step The hiding informations such as state change, break through the quagmire of " big data, the general knowledge " that remote sensing earth observation is faced, have highly important Scientific value and realistic meaning.

In the specific implementation, urbanization in each timing node for following formula i-th monitoring means of calculating can be adopted strong Degree:

${\mathrm{uii}}_i=h_{l,i}\·\frac{u_{1i}-u_{0i}}{\mathrm{\δ}t\×{\mathrm{ta}}_i}\×100---\left(1\right)$

Wherein, wherein, uii_iFor i-th monitoring means urbanization intensity in this timing node, h_l,iSupervise for i-th Survey the population collection coefficient in l time point for the unit, u_1iFor i-th monitoring means in l timing node building site, discarded and The percentage ratio sum of farming land, u_0iFor i-th monitoring means waterproof underlying surface in the previous timing node o of l timing node With the percentage ratio sum of farming land, δ t is the time interval between this timing node and a upper timing node；ta_iSupervise for i-th Survey the gross area of unit, i is the positive integer being less than or equal to grid sum more than 0.

U in formula (1)_1i、u_0iCan be calculated using following formula:

$u_{j,i}=\underset{k=1}{\overset{n}{\σ}}{f}_k\·u_k---\left(2\right)$

Wherein, u_jiFor the percentage ratio sum of building site in j-th timing node, discarded and farming land, u_kFor the i-th prison Survey the percentage ratio that the building site in unit accounts for the gross area of the i-th monitoring means, f_kFor the land used intensity system in the i-th monitoring means Number.

H in formula (1)_l,iCan be calculated with following formula:

$h_{l,i}=\frac{l_i-l_{min}}{l_{\max }-l_{min}}---\left(3\right)$

Wherein, l_iFor the mean intensity of the light of the i-th monitoring means, l_maxFor the brightness of accent light of the i-th monitoring means, l_minThe weakest lamplight brightness for the i-th monitoring means.

In the specific implementation, can be using the mining inetesity of following formula i-th monitoring means of calculating:

${\mathrm{cdii}}_i=h_{l,i}\·\frac{u_i}{{\mathrm{ta}}_i}\×100---\left(4\right)$

Wherein, cdii_iFor the mining inetesity of i-th monitoring means, h_l,iFor i-th monitoring means l time point population Convergence factor, u_iAccount for the percentage of the gross area of the i-th monitoring means for the waterproof underlying surface in the i-th monitoring means and farming land Ratio ta_iThe gross area for i-th monitoring means.

In the specific implementation, can be using the Scenic Bridges of following formula i-th monitoring means of calculating:

${\mathrm{fi}}_i=\frac{n_i}{{\mathrm{ta}}_i}---\left(5\right)$

Wherein, fi_iFor the Scenic Bridges of i-th monitoring means, ta_iFor the gross area of i-th monitoring means, n_iFor i-th The speckle sum of all land types of individual monitoring means.

In the specific implementation, can be using the value of ecosystem service of following formula i-th monitoring means of calculating:

${\mathrm{esv}}_i=\underset{j=1}{\overset{n}{\σ}}\frac{a_{ij}{s}_j}{{\mathrm{ta}}_i}---\left(6\right)$

Wherein, esv_iFor the value of ecosystem service of i-th monitoring means, a_ijFor jth kind soil in i-th monitoring means The area in the soil of ground use pattern, s_jFor the Ecosystem Service Value in the soil of jth kind land use pattern, ta_iSupervise for i-th Survey the gross area of unit, n is the sum of land use pattern.

S in formula (6)_jCan be calculated using following formula:

$s_j=\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\σ}}{\mathrm{pr}}_i.y_{i,j}---\left(7\right)$

Wherein, pr_iFor the service price in the soil of the jth kind land use pattern of i-th monitoring means, y_i,jFor i-th The quantum of output in the soil of jth class land type of monitoring means.

In the specific implementation, can be using the ecological recovery ability of following formula i-th monitoring means of calculating:

${\mathrm{er}}_i=\underset{j=1}{\overset{n}{\σ}}\frac{a_{ij}{m}_j}{{\mathrm{ta}}_i}---\left(8\right)$

Wherein, er_iFor the ecological recovery ability of i-th monitoring means, a_ijFor jth kind soil profit in i-th monitoring means With the area in the soil of type, m_jFor the restoration grade of i-th monitoring means, ta_iFor the gross area of i-th monitoring means, n is The sum of land use pattern.

If land use pattern is vegetation, m can be calculated with following formula_j:

$m_j=\frac{\stackrel{\&overbar;}{ndvi}-{\mathrm{ndvi}}_{\min }}{{\mathrm{ndvi}}_{\max }-{\mathrm{ndvi}}_{\min }}---\left(9\right)$

Wherein, ndvi is vegetation-cover index,For the average vegetation-cover index of i-th monitoring means, ndvi_maxFor the maximum vegetation-cover index of i-th monitoring means, ndvi_minMinimum vegetative coverage for i-th monitoring means refers to Number.

In the specific implementation, s103 can calculate monitoring means each ecology peace in timing node using following methods All referring to target weight coefficient, comprising:

S1031, each two grades of ecological safety index and any one two grades of ecological safety index are carried out significance level pair Ratio determines corresponding scalar quantization value, and each scalar quantization value that determination is obtained is contrasted matrix；

It will be appreciated that each ecological safety index with include from carry out in interior any ecological safety index important Degree contrasts, and for example, the urbanization intensity in i-th monitoring means and the urbanization intensity in i-th monitoring means, exploitation are by force Area ratio shared by degree, Scenic Bridges, value of ecosystem service, ecological recovery ability, protection zone carries out important one by one Degree contrasts.

In the specific implementation, significance level contrasts and may be referred to following table execution:

Significance level comparing result and scalar quantization mapping table

Scalar quantization value	Ecological safety index xiCompare xj
		1	There is no less important
3	The former is somewhat more important than the latter
		5	The former is obvious more important than the latter
7	The former is strong more important than the latter
		9	The former is more extremely important than the latter
2,4,6,8	Significance level is between 1,3,5,7,9

Wherein it is possible to be distinguished somewhat, substantially, strongly and extremely by way of arranging different marginal values, then basis Upper table can determine corresponding scalar quantization value corresponding with comparing result.

If it is understood that ecological safety index x_iWith x_jThe ratio of significance level is b_ij, then x_jWith x_iSignificance level it Than for b_ji=1/b_ij.

Each ecological safety index is obtained by said method and includes from the weight in interior any ecological safety index Want degree comparing result corresponding scalar quantization value, therefore according to each scalar quantization value obtaining, set up a matrix, this matrix Become contrast matrix.In matrix, j-th element of the i-th row is meant that x_iWith x_jSignificance level ratio corresponding scalar quantization value.

S1032, judge described contrast matrix whether be consistency matrix, and described contrast matrix be consistency matrix When, calculate the eigenvalue of maximum of described contrast matrix, if described eigenvalue of maximum is unique, and described eigenvalue of maximum is equal to Described contrast Spectral radius radius, then calculate the standardization characteristic vector of described eigenvalue of maximum；

Wherein it is possible to judge to contrast whether matrix is consistency matrix using following methods:

Definition ci is coincident indicator, if ci is 0 then it represents that contrast matrix is consistency matrix, ci is bigger, contrasts matrix Discordance degree more serious, can using below equation calculate ci:

Ci=(λ_max-n)/(n-1) (10)

Wherein, λ_maxFor contrasting the Maximum characteristic root of matrix, n is to judge contrast order of matrix number.

Meanwhile, also introduce ri, ri represents average homogeneity index, the ratio of ci and ri becomes Consistency Ratio cr:

Cr=ci/ri (11)

The standard that cr is judged as concordance, if cr be less than predetermined value, such as 0.1, then assert contrast matrix meet one Cause property condition is it is believed that contrast matrix is consistency matrix.

In the specific implementation, if judging, contrast matrix is not consistency matrix, needs matrix is adjusted further, It is made to meet consistency condition.

If s1033 described standardization characteristic vector be positive vector, using described standardization characteristic vector as weight to Amount, the value of each of described weight vectors element is as the weight coefficient of corresponding two grades of ecological safety indexs.

Wherein, standardization characteristic vector is that positive vector refers to that each element in standardization characteristic vector is on the occasion of then recognizing It is positive vector for standardization characteristic vector.

In the specific implementation, because the unit of each ecological safety index has inconsistent situation, therefore calculating power There may be deviation during weight coefficient, therefore before calculating weight coefficient, each ecological safety index can be carried out Standardization.

The parameter having in each ecological safety index is positive parameter, has plenty of negative sense parameter, and so-called forward direction parameter is Exponential quantity is bigger, the higher parameter of ecological safety, and negative sense parameter less, the higher parameter of ecological safety that is exponential quantity.Upper Scenic Bridges are only had to be negative sense parameter in each ecological safety index stated, other are positive parameter.For dissimilar Parameter, be standardized using different methods.

Wherein, if described ecological safety index is positive parameter, standard is carried out to this ecological safety index using following formula Change is processed:

$x^{\′}=\frac{x-x_{min}}{x_{max}-x_{min}}---\left(12\right)$

Wherein, x is the ecological safety index before standardization, and x' is the ecological safety index after standardization, x_maxFor each The maximum of the ecological safety index in individual timing node, x_minMinima for the ecological safety index in each timing node.

Wherein, if described ecological safety index is negative sense parameter, standard is carried out to this ecological safety index using following formula Change is processed:

$x^{\′}=1-\frac{x-x_{min}}{x_{max}-x_{min}}---\left(13\right)$

Wherein, x is the ecological safety index before standardization, and x' is the ecological safety index after standardization, x_maxFor each The maximum of the ecological safety index in individual timing node, x_minMinima for the ecological safety index in each timing node.

In the specific implementation, after the size being calculated each ecological safety index and weight coefficient, can according under Formula calculates:

$les=\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\σ}}{w}_j\×x_j---\left(14\right)$

Wherein, n is the number of ecological safety index, w_jFor the weight coefficient of j-th ecological safety index, x_jFor j-th life State safety index, preferably adopts the value after standardization.

In the specific implementation, can also be using following methods calculating ecological safety integrated value:

According to urbanization intensity, mining inetesity, the size of Scenic Bridges index and weight coefficient, calculate ecological state and refer to Target size；Size according to value of ecosystem service and ecological recovery capacity index and weight coefficient, calculate ecological state The size of index；And using the ratio of monitoring means area shared by protection zone as Eco response index size；

Size according to ecological pressure index, ecological state index and Eco response index and weight coefficient, calculate described Ecological safety integrated value.

In the specific implementation, the concrete analysis process in s105 may include that

According to ecological safety integrated value in each timing node for this monitoring means, determine the ecological peace of this monitoring means Total state；

In the specific implementation, different ecological safety states can be determined by way of setting different marginal values, tool Body is: marginal value x between setting safe condition and sub- safe condition, the marginal value between sub- safe condition and unsafe condition Y, if ecological safety integrated value in certain timing node for certain monitoring means is more than x then it is assumed that this monitoring means is in the time Be safe condition in node, if ecological safety integrated value in certain timing node for certain monitoring means be more than or equal to y and Less than or equal to x then it is assumed that this monitoring means is sub- safe condition in this timing node, if certain monitoring means is when certain Ecological safety integrated value in intermediate node is less than y, then assert that this monitoring means is unsafe condition in this timing node.

According to the difference of the ecological safety integrated value in adjacent time node, determine the ecological safety state of this monitoring means Change, and if the change of ecological safety state turns to deterioration, send the early warning signal of ecological safety state degeneration.

In the specific implementation, if the difference of the ecological safety integrated value in adjacent time node is less than 0, ecological peace is described Total state there occurs degeneration or deteriorates, if difference is more than 0, illustrates that ecological safety state is improved, if difference is equal to 0, says Open-birth state safety index does not change.It is, of course, also possible to distinguishing deterioration by way of arranging different critical value or improving Degree, if such as difference is less than 0 and is more than negative value z, illustrate that slow degeneration, if difference is less than negative value z, explanation occurs Fast degradation occurs.

Based on identical inventive concept, the present invention also provides a kind of pulsating nature analytical equipment of urban ecological security, such as Fig. 2 Shown, this device 200 also includes:

Establishing module 201, for setting up the index system in city to be analyzed, described index system includes ecological pressure Power, ecological state and three one-level ecological safety indexs of Eco response；Wherein, ecological pressure index includes urbanization intensity, opens Send out intensity and three two grades of ecological safety indexs of Scenic Bridges, ecological state index includes value of ecosystem service and ecology Two two grades of ecological safety indexs of recovery capability, Eco response index includes the one two grades of ecology of area ratio shared by protection zone Safety index；

Stress and strain model module 202, the overlay area being analysed to city is divided into several specification identical grid cells, And using each grid cell as monitoring means；

First computing module 203, for obtaining ecological safety monitoring in multiple timing nodes for each monitoring means Data, and each monitoring means each ecological safety in each timing node is calculated according to described ecological safety Monitoring Data The size of index；

Second computing module 204, refers to for each ecological safety in each timing node according to each monitoring means Target significance level, calculates the weight coefficient of each ecological safety index in this timing node for this monitoring means；

3rd computing module 205, for each ecological safety index in this timing node according to this monitoring means Size and weight coefficient, calculate ecological safety integrated value in this timing node for this monitoring means；

Analysis module 206, for the ecological safety integrated value in each timing node according to this monitoring means, analysis should The ecological safety state of monitoring means and/or ecological safety state change.

The function structure module of the pulsating nature analysis method that the pulsating nature analytical equipment that the present invention provides provides for the present invention, Therefore may be referred to present invention offer about contents such as the explanation of content, explanation, citing, optional embodiment, beneficial effects Appropriate section in pulsating nature analysis method, repeats no more here.

In the description of the present invention, illustrate a large amount of details.It is to be appreciated, however, that embodiments of the invention are permissible Put into practice in the case of there is no these details.In some instances, known method, structure and skill are not been shown in detail Art, so as not to obscure the understanding of this description.

Above example only in order to technical scheme to be described, is not intended to limit；Although with reference to the foregoing embodiments The present invention has been described in detail, it will be understood by those within the art that；It still can be to aforementioned each enforcement Technical scheme described in example is modified, or carries out equivalent to wherein some technical characteristics；And these modification or Replace, do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution depart from the spirit and scope of various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of urban ecological security pulsating nature analysis method based on remote sensing big data is it is characterised in that include:

Set up the index system in city to be analyzed, described index system includes ecological pressure, ecological state and Eco response three One-level ecological safety index；Wherein, ecological pressure index includes urbanization intensity, mining inetesity and three two grades of Scenic Bridges Ecological safety index, ecological state index includes value of ecosystem service and two two grades of ecological safeties of ecological recovery ability refer to Mark, Eco response index includes one two grades of ecological safety index of area ratio of the monitoring means shared by area of protection zone；

The overlay area being analysed to city is divided into several specification identical grid cells, and using each grid cell as One monitoring means；

Obtain ecological safety Monitoring Data in multiple timing nodes for each monitoring means, and supervised according to described ecological safety Survey the size that data calculates each monitoring means each ecological safety index in each timing node；

According to the significance level of each ecological safety index in each timing node for each monitoring means, calculate this monitoring list The weight coefficient of each ecological safety index in this timing node for the unit；

Size according to each ecological safety index in this timing node for this monitoring means and weight coefficient, calculate this monitoring Ecological safety integrated value in this timing node for the unit；

According to ecological safety integrated value in each timing node for this monitoring means, analyze the ecological safety shape of this monitoring means State and/or ecological safety state change.

2. method according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that calculate i-th monitoring means in each time using following formula Urbanization intensity in node:

${\mathrm{uii}}_i=h_{l,i}.\frac{u_{1i}-u_{0i}}{\mathrm{\δ}t\×{\mathrm{ta}}_i}\×100$

Wherein, uii_iFor i-th monitoring means urbanization intensity in this timing node, h_l,iFor i-th monitoring means in l Between point population collection coefficient, u_1iFor i-th monitoring means in l timing node building site, discarded and farming land hundred Divide ratio sum, u_0iFor i-th monitoring means in the previous timing node o of l timing node waterproof underlying surface and farming land Percentage ratio sum, δ t is the time interval between this timing node and a upper timing node；ta_iTotal for i-th monitoring means Area, i is the positive integer being less than or equal to grid sum more than 0.

3. method according to claim 1 it is characterised in that calculate the mining inetesity of i-th monitoring means using following formula:

${\mathrm{cdii}}_i=h_{l,i}.\frac{u_i}{{\mathrm{ta}}_i}\×100$

Wherein, cdii_iFor the mining inetesity of i-th monitoring means, h_l,iFor i-th monitoring means l time point population collection Coefficient, u_iAccount for the percentage ratio of the gross area of the i-th monitoring means, ta for the waterproof underlying surface in the i-th monitoring means and farming land_i The gross area for i-th monitoring means.

4. method according to claim 1 it is characterised in that calculate the landscape fragmentation of i-th monitoring means using following formula Degree:

${\mathrm{fi}}_i=\frac{n_i}{{\mathrm{ta}}_i}$

Wherein, fi_iFor the Scenic Bridges of i-th monitoring means, ta_iFor the gross area of i-th monitoring means, n_iSupervise for i-th Survey the speckle sum of all land types of unit.

5. method according to claim 1 it is characterised in that calculate the ecosystem of i-th monitoring means using following formula Value of services:

${\mathrm{esv}}_i=\underset{j=1}{\overset{n}{\σ}}\frac{a_{ij}{s}_j}{{\mathrm{ta}}_i}$

Wherein, esv_iFor the value of ecosystem service of i-th monitoring means, a_ijFor jth kind soil profit in i-th monitoring means With the area in the soil of type, s_jFor the Ecosystem Service Value in the soil of jth kind land use pattern, ta_iSingle for i-th monitoring The gross area of unit, n is the sum of land use pattern.

6. method according to claim 1 it is characterised in that calculate the ecological recovery of i-th monitoring means using following formula Ability:

${\mathrm{er}}_i=\underset{j=1}{\overset{n}{\σ}}\frac{a_{ij}{m}_j}{{\mathrm{ta}}_i}$

Wherein, er_iFor the ecological recovery ability of i-th monitoring means, a_ijFor jth kind Land_use change class in i-th monitoring means The area in the soil of type, m_jFor the restoration grade of the jth kind land use pattern of i-th monitoring means, ta_iSingle for i-th monitoring The gross area of unit, n is the sum of land use pattern.

7. method according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that this monitoring means of described calculating are each in this timing node The weight coefficient of individual ecological safety index, comprising:

Each two grades of ecological safety index and any one two grades of ecological safety index are carried out significance level contrast, determines and correspond to Scalar quantization value, and will determine that each scalar quantization value of obtaining is contrasted matrix；

Judge whether described contrast matrix is consistency matrix, and when described contrast matrix is consistency matrix, calculate described The eigenvalue of maximum of contrast matrix, if described eigenvalue of maximum is unique, and described eigenvalue of maximum is equal to described contrast square The spectral radius of battle array, then calculate the standardization characteristic vector of described eigenvalue of maximum；

If described standardization characteristic vector is positive vector, using described standardization characteristic vector as weight vectors, described weight The value of each of vector element is as the weight coefficient of corresponding two grades of ecological safety indexs.

8. method according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that calculating each in this timing node of this monitoring means Before the weight coefficient of ecological safety index, methods described includes:

If described ecological safety index is positive parameter, this ecological safety index is standardized process using following formula:

$x^{\′}=\frac{x-x_{min}}{x_{max}-x_{min}}$

Wherein, x is the ecological safety index before standardization, and x' is the ecological safety index after standardization, x_maxDuring for each The maximum of the ecological safety index in intermediate node, x_minMinima for the ecological safety index in each timing node；Or

If described ecological safety index is negative sense parameter, this ecological safety index is standardized process using following formula:

$x^{\′}=1-\frac{x-x_{min}}{x_{max}-x_{min}}$

Wherein, x is the ecological safety index before standardization, and x' is the ecological safety index after standardization, x_maxDuring for each The maximum of the ecological safety index in intermediate node, x_minMinima for the ecological safety index in each timing node.

9. method according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described each in this timing node according to this monitoring means The size of individual ecological safety index and weight coefficient, calculate ecological safety integrated value in this timing node for this monitoring means, Including:

According to urbanization intensity, mining inetesity, the size of Scenic Bridges index and weight coefficient, calculate ecological state index Size；Size according to value of ecosystem service and ecological recovery capacity index and weight coefficient, calculate ecological state index Size；And using the ratio of monitoring means area shared by protection zone as Eco response index size；

Size according to ecological pressure index, ecological state index and Eco response index and weight coefficient, calculate described ecology Safety comprehensive value.

10. a kind of pulsating nature analytical equipment of the urban ecological security based on remote sensing big data is it is characterised in that include:

Establishing module, for setting up the index system in city to be analyzed, described index system includes ecological pressure, ecological shape State and three one-level ecological safety indexs of Eco response；Wherein, ecological pressure index includes urbanization intensity, mining inetesity and scape See three two grades of ecological safety indexs of degree of fragmentation, ecological state index includes value of ecosystem service and ecological recovery ability two Individual two grades of ecological safety indexs, Eco response index includes the one two grades of ecological safety index of area ratio shared by protection zone；

Stress and strain model module, the overlay area being analysed to city is divided into several specification identical grid cells, and will be every One grid cell is as monitoring means；

First computing module, for obtaining ecological safety Monitoring Data in multiple timing nodes for each monitoring means, and Each monitoring means each ecological safety index in each timing node is calculated according to described ecological safety Monitoring Data Size；

Second computing module, important for each ecological safety index in each timing node according to each monitoring means Degree, calculates the weight coefficient of each ecological safety index in this timing node for this monitoring means；

3rd computing module, for the size of each ecological safety index in this timing node and power according to this monitoring means Weight coefficient, calculates ecological safety integrated value in this timing node for this monitoring means；

Analysis module, for the ecological safety integrated value in each timing node according to this monitoring means, analyzes this monitoring list The ecological safety state of unit and/or ecological safety state change.