CN106370805A - Device for measuring effect of bioturbation on distribution of pollutants in sediments - Google Patents
Device for measuring effect of bioturbation on distribution of pollutants in sediments Download PDFInfo
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- CN106370805A CN106370805A CN201610864978.1A CN201610864978A CN106370805A CN 106370805 A CN106370805 A CN 106370805A CN 201610864978 A CN201610864978 A CN 201610864978A CN 106370805 A CN106370805 A CN 106370805A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/18—Water
- G01N33/186—Water using one or more living organisms, e.g. a fish
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device for measuring the effect of bioturbation on distribution of pollutants in sediments. The device belongs to the fields of lake ecology and environment protection, and comprises a ventilation cover, a shell, a base, a liner, a sampling station, a sampling shovel and a lifting pedestal, wherein the ventilation cover is fastened on the shell; the liner is arranged in the shell; the shell is connected with the base; a ventilation hole is formed in the top part of the ventilation cover; a vent hole is formed in the bottom part of the ventilation cover; during sampling, the ventilation cover and the base are removed, the lifting pedestal is connected with the bottom part of the shell, a lifting table is arranged on the lifting pedestal, the sampling station is sleeved on the shell and is provided with an edge extending inwards, a platform for supporting is arranged on one side of the sampling station, two raised guide rails are arranged on the platform, and the sampling shovel is arranged on the guide rails of the sampling station. The device not only can simulate an experimental culture process, but also can realize accuracy and speediness during the sampling process, an experiment process is simplified, the experiment time is shortened, and the work efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to lake ecology and field of environment protection are and in particular to measurement bioturbation is depositing to pollutant
The device of distribution in thing.
Background technology
With the raising of human living standard, the discharge wantonly of sanitary sewage and industrial wastewater, incident be exactly
The pollution of natural water environment is increasingly serious, nowadays the impact of all contaminated thing such as the sea water of coastal waters seashore, river, lake.
Wherein, most important first kinds of pollution matter is heavy metal, and it has, and low concentration, toxicity is big, biological accumulation effect, non-biodegradable etc.
Problem, serious threat is hydrobiological to survive and human health, causes serious harm to the biology in neighbouring water environment.
Sediment Water Interface is the important component part of water ecosystem, it as benthic habitat and
Food source, and to the pollutant in water body, there is adsorption.And bioturbation refers to that benthon passes through to ingest, builds pipe
Make the physics of deposit and chemical constitution that the process of important change to occur with building cave etc..The bioturbation behavior pair of deposit surface
Concentration tool in the heavy metal of deposit different depth has a certain impact.
In order to study the impact of the form to Heavy Metal In Sediments for the benthic bioturbation and concentration, and then study
Its mechanism, needs different depth deposit is measured.Traditional measurement method is with columnar sampler, deposit to be adopted back in fact
Test room, extrude Interstitial Water with layering filter press technique, but this method can disturbance deposit, the structure of change sediment sample and thing
Physicochemical Conditions, in some instances it may even be possible to the composition of the different levels of deposit is mixed, cause the systematic error of measurement, so
Under conditions of heavy metal concentration spatial distribution state be difficult to measurement.
Content of the invention
In order to overcome traditional measurement bioturbation that the device of the form of Heavy Metal In Sediments and the impact of concentration is existed
Deficiency, as unprofessional in experimental implementation, actual measurement not precisely, there is no experiment simulator of specialty etc., the present invention proposes
A kind of can study the analogue experiment installation to the influence of spatial distribution of heavy metal in water/sediment for the bioturbation.
The present invention is achieved by the following scheme:
A kind of measurement bioturbation device that pollutant are distributed in deposit, including vent cap 1, shell 2, base 3,
Liner 4, sampling bench 5, sampling shovel 6 and lifting pedestal 7；Vent cap 1 is buckled on shell 2, and liner 4 is arranged in shell 2, shell 2
It is connected with base 3；The top of vent cap 1 is provided with passage 9, and (passage passes through the external aerator of plastic tube, during for testing
It is passed through oxygen), the bottom of vent cap 1 is provided with venthole 10 (being passed through air for water/sediment), venthole external capillary glass
Glass pipe or capillary silica gel tube；Liner 4 is to lack top surface and the cuboid of a side, and a side band of liner 4 is graduated
Scale 12；During sampling, vent cap 1 and base 3 are removed, lifting pedestal 7 is connected with the bottom of shell 2, lifting platform base 7 sets
It is equipped with lifting platform 8, sampling bench 5 is enclosed within shell 2, sampling bench 5 is provided with the edge of inside stretching, extension, and has on sampling bench 5 side
The platform of one support, platform has two raised guide rails 15, sampling shovel 6 is placed on the guide rail of sampling bench 5.
Further, described vent cap 1 is hollow structure, and described shell 2 is the cuboid of uncovered.
Further, described base 3, lifting pedestal 7 are all connected with the bottom of shell 2 with o type sealing ring by screw thread.
Further, all there is zero graduation line at the two ends of described scale 12.
Further, described sampling shovel 6 is the cuboid case lacking a side, and two and sampling bench are arranged at its bottom
The corresponding groove 16 of raised guide rail 15 on 5, side is provided with handle 17；The quantity of sampling shovel is several.
Further, the bottom of described lifting pedestal 7 is regular hexagon, to lift the stability of device during experiment, rises
The outer wall of fall base 7 is provided with crank 18 (internal lifting platform 8 can be allowed to rise by crank, to drive liner 4 to rise)；Described
The top surface of lifting platform 8 is plane 19.
Further, described vent cap 1, shell 2, base 3, the material of liner 4, sampling bench 5 and lifting pedestal 7 are
Lucite, the material of sampling shovel 6 is food stage 304 rustless steel, and lifting platform 8 material is aluminum oxidation material.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantage that
(1) structure simple structure, device is strongly professional, simple operation；
(2) achieve and both can be able to realize in sampling process accurately and quickly, simplifying with simulation experiment incubation again
Experiment flow, shortens experimental period, improves work efficiency.
(3) selection of this device materials, its transparency can realize the requirement observed at any time in incubation.
(4) this device only need to improve device by a lifting pedestal i.e. achievable sampling to multiple analog samples
Utilization rate；
(5) this device dismountable is convenient, and has the sampling shovel of multiple rule height, and its range is extensive.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the measurement structural representation to the device that pollutant are distributed in deposit for the bioturbation of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structure of the measurement sampling part to the device that pollutant are distributed in deposit for the bioturbation of the present invention
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is the structure of the measurement vent cap 1 to the device that pollutant are distributed in deposit for the bioturbation of the present invention
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is that the structure of the measurement shell 2 to the device that pollutant are distributed in deposit for the bioturbation of the present invention is shown
It is intended to；
Fig. 5 is that the structure of the measurement liner 4 to the device that pollutant are distributed in deposit for the bioturbation of the present invention is shown
It is intended to；
Fig. 6 is that the structure of the measurement base 3 to the device that pollutant are distributed in deposit for the bioturbation of the present invention is shown
It is intended to；
Fig. 7 is the structure of the measurement sampling bench 5 to the device that pollutant are distributed in deposit for the bioturbation of the present invention
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 8 is the structure of the measurement sampling shovel 6 to the device that pollutant are distributed in deposit for the bioturbation of the present invention
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 9 is the knot of the measurement lifting pedestal 7 to the device that pollutant are distributed in deposit for the bioturbation of the present invention
Structure schematic diagram；
Figure 10 is the structure of the measurement lifting platform 8 to the device that pollutant are distributed in deposit for the bioturbation of the present invention
Schematic diagram；
Figure 11 is the simulation experiment schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 2；
Figure 12 is the spatial distribution map to cd concentration for the different biological densities of the present invention；
In figure: vent cap 1, shell 2, base 3, liner 4, sampling bench 5, sampling shovel 6, lifting pedestal 7, lifting platform 8, ventilation
Hole 9, venthole 10, female thread 11, scale 12, external screw thread 13, interior along 14, guide rail 15, groove 16, handle 17, crank 18, top surface
19.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples the present invention is further described, but does not limit the invention.
Embodiment 1
The experiment elevator that the present invention is customized respectively from equipment: aluminum oxidation material, top board specification 75mm*75mm, lifting
Scope 50-300mm.
Glass capillary: hard neutral density glass, internal diameter 1.0mm, wall thickness 0.1mm, pipe range 120mm, 500/tin, again for
110 grams.
A kind of measurement bioturbation device that pollutant are distributed in deposit, this device can also be by after simulation terminates
Deposit carries out accurate, free of contamination Stratified Sampling, including vent cap 1, shell 2 (126mm*126mm*250mm), base 3, interior
Lining 4 (120mm*120mm*240mm), vent cap 1 are buckled on shell 2, and liner 4 is closely put in shell 2, and shell 2 passes through inside and outside
Screw thread and o type sealing ring are connected with base 3.Vent cap 1 is hollow structure, and its top is provided with a passage 9, and (φ 8mm, is used for
The logical oxygen of experiment, it passes through the external aerator of plastic tube), bottom is provided with 4 ventholes, and (φ 1mm is that water/sediment leads to
Enter air), external capillary silica gel tube (external diameter φ 1mm, long 120mm)；Shell 2 profile is the cuboid of uncovered, and its bottom is circle
The interface (φ 110mm, this interface has the deep screw thread of 10mm) with female thread 11 of shape；Liner 4 is to lack a top surface and side
The cuboid in face, it can put in shell 2, the graduated scale 12 (long 240mm, wide 15mm) of side band, and scale
All there is zero graduation line at 12 two ends, and liner 4 can be placed in shell 2 circle interface (φ 110mm, this interface has the deep screw thread of 10mm)
Face is not it is ensured that it skids off shell 2；Its bottom of base 3 is regular hexagon, and with circular externally threaded interface, (φ 110mm, this connects
Mouth has the deep screw thread of 10mm), base diameter is more than interface, with the stability of device during Enhancement test.
During sampling, remove vent cap 1 and base 3, sampling bench 5 (130mm*130mm*50mm) is enclosed within shell 2, sampling shovel
6 (150mm*114mm*10mm) are placed on sampling bench 5, and lifting pedestal 7 is connected with shell 2 with o type sealing ring by internal and external threads.
Sampling bench 5 is provided with the edge (2mm) of inside stretching, extension, and has the platform (130mm*30mm) of a support, platform on sampling bench 5 side
On have two raised guide rails (high 1mm)；Sampling shovel 6 is the cuboid case lacking a side, and its material is food stage 304
Rustless steel, two grooves (deep 1mm) are arranged at its bottom；There is external screw thread 13 at lifting pedestal 7 (φ 110mm*100mm) top, inside it
For the lifting platform 8 of customization, lifting platform 8 top surface is plane 19, and there is a prominent crank 18 outside of wall, can be allowed interior by crank
Portion's lifting platform 8 rises, and to drive liner 4 (120mm*120mm*240mm) to rise, the bottom of lifting pedestal 7 is regular hexagon, with
The stability of device during lifting experiment.
Embodiment 2
Before experiment, the deposit taking from river top layer 5-20cm is crossed 60 mesh mesh screens, with remove rubble, plant and animal residues and
Then deposit is carried out freezing processing by the impurity such as plastic garbage, kills meiofauna that may be present in deposit.Disturbance is given birth to
Thing is chosen tubificid (being commonly called as worm for fishing) and is bought in flowers, birds, fish and insects market, culture adaptation one week in trace quantity mineral salt (mms) solution, often
Natural gift respectively change a water sooner or later, make tubificid adapt to simulating lab test.Tubificid is rinsed well in secondary deionized water, uses tweezers
Pick out similar length, be the tubificid of 2 ± 0.3cm, 2,5,8,10,15 tubificids are put in clean culture dish respectively,
Electronic analytical balance weighs the moisture of front absorbent paper exhaustion tubificid excess surface, it is to avoid measurement error.Tubificid quantity and fresh weight
Between linear relationship to carry out tubificid quantitative, as shown in table 1.Using cd (no3)2·4h2It is 20 μ that o reagent prepares initial concentration
The solution of pollutant containing cd of mol/l.
Quantitative relationship between table 1 tubificid quantity and fresh weight
| Bar number | 2 | 5 | 8 | 10 | 15 |
| Weight/g | 0.01 | 0.0247 | 0.0377 | 0.0466 | 0.0701 |
Note: y=0.0046x, r2=0.997
X represents the quantity of tubificid, and y represents the weight of tubificid, and r is correlation coefficient
For studying the impact to water/sediment heavy metal cd spatial distribution for the tubificid density, this Setup Experiments is given birth to
Thing density is 120000int/m2、50000int/m2And 0int/m2, by the tubificid fresh weight to exhaustion excess surface moisture for the table 1
Value of calculation, calculate the fresh weight numerical value of the tubificid of corresponding density, electronic analytical balance weigh respectively.Pollutant solution selects
Select heavy metal cd that the initial concentration preparing is 20 μm of ol/l, in device, deposit height is 10cm, the solution 1l of cd containing heavy metal,
Again device is placed in 24 DEG C of thermostatic water bath and is tested (as shown in figure 11).
During experiment, formed from vent cap 1, shell 2, base 3 and liner 4, first base 3 is passed through external screw thread 13, o type
Sealing ring is connected with the female thread 11 of shell 2, then liner 4 is put in shell 2, now can put into the deposit processing
Liner, this experiment put into deposit height be 10cm, deposit is stood in device so that it is uniformly distributed, surface flat.
For preventing surface deposits from being splash by punching, the pollutant solution of 1l slowly can be drawn along device wall by one-time infusion tube
Flow in device, the tubificid setting density is picked out, in the solution of embedding device, device is placed in thermostatic water bath.This
When vent cap 1 can be buckled on shell 2, the passage 9 of vent cap 1 is connected with aerator by plastic tube, gives vent to anger for four
Hole 10 is connected with glass capillary, in glass capillary immersion solution, opens aerator and is slowly introducing sky in experimental system
Gas, device is placed in thermostatic water bath.Tubificid starts timing after adapting to 24 hours in a device again, tests to the predetermined time.
During sampling, remove vent cap 1, device taken out from thermostatic water bath, with syringe, the solution in system is taken out,
Back out base 3, now lifting pedestal 7 is passed through external screw thread 13, o type sealing ring is connected with the female thread 11 of shell 2, by sampling bench
5 are enclosed within shell 2, preset need sampling depth, 0-0.5cm, 0.5-1cm, 1-2cm, 2-3cm, 3-5cm, 5-10cm, from
The upper and lower scale value having remembered that scale is corresponding, 14.0-14.5cm, 15-16cm, 16-17cm, 17-19cm, 19-24cm.Pass through
With the crank 18 of hand lifting pedestal 7, the lifting platform 8 drive liner within lifting pedestal 7 rises, and reaches default scale 12 quarter
When spending, suspend shake crank 18, it is ensured that sample is flat on the protruding guide rail of the plane groove of sampling shovel 6 being directed at sampling bench 5
Directly, sampling shovel 6 is gradually pushed, shift onto liner 4 inwall when, then sampling shovel 6 is released, performs the mark of sample in sampling shovel 6
Note, now the sample in sampling shovel 6 is the sample of this depth；If also needing to the sample of next depth, interchangeable one takes
Sample shovel 6 (avoiding polluting), takes down the deposit of release, then the crank 18 with hand lifting pedestal 7, until it reaches default mark
During chi 12 scale, suspend shake crank 18, the groove of the sampling shovel 6 with changing is aligned on the protruding guide rail of plane of sampling bench 5,
It is sampled, perform the labelling of sample in sampling shovel 6；If desired continue sampling, repeat above operation.To take off different deep
The sample of degree carries out corresponding process, measures the morphological analyses of heavy metal cd, atomic absorption light by tessier sequential extractions
The metal cd concentration of spectrometer determination sample, you can obtain bioturbation to pollutant distribution influence in deposit.
This experiment, after culture was to 56 days, removes solution on deposit with syringe, takes out different levels with sampling shovel each
Group sediment sample, takes mud depth to be respectively 0-0.5cm, 0.5-1cm, 1-2cm, 2-3cm, 3-5cm, 5-10cm, corresponding use
It is highly 0.5cm, 1cm, 2cm, 5cm take mud shovel, mixes each mud layer respectively, measure moisture content, heavy metal cd form and a huge sum of money
Belong to cd content, calculate heavy metal concentration in different depth deposit (dry weight), so that research tubificid density is to water/sediment
The impact (as shown in figure 12) of heavy metal cd concentration space distribution.Result shows that no its heavy metal cd of tubificid group is mainly distributed on
Deposit upper surface 1cm depth, and heavy metal cd concentration do not reduce, and adds that deposit itself contains heavy metal cd background valuess,
Cd concentration in depth 0-0.5cm position is more than initial concentration；And add tubificid group, in the concentration of top layer 0-0.5cm depth cd
Value is below cd initial concentration, and in depth 2cm with lower portion, cd concentration value is more than no tubificid group.This further illustrates tubificid
Bioturbation can degrade the concentration of heavy metal cd, and heavy metal cd can be allowed to migrate in deposit depths, and in tubificid
Density 0-120000int/m2In the range of with tubificid density increase, the degraded of heavy metal cd and migration effect more obvious.
Claims (6)
1. the device that measurement bioturbation is distributed in deposit to pollutant is it is characterised in that include vent cap (1), shell
(2), base (3), liner (4), sampling bench (5), sampling shovel (6) and lifting pedestal (7)；Vent cap (1) is buckled on shell (2),
Liner (4) is arranged in shell (2), and shell (2) is connected with base (3)；The top of vent cap (1) is provided with passage (9), ventilation
The bottom of lid (1) is provided with venthole (10), the external glass capillary of venthole or capillary silica gel tube；Liner (4) is to lack top surface
With the cuboid of a side, the graduated scale of a side band (12) of liner (4)；During sampling, by vent cap (1) and bottom
Seat (3) removes, and lifting pedestal (7) is connected with the bottom of shell (2), lifting platform base (7) is provided with lifting platform (8), will take
Sample platform (5) is enclosed within shell (2), and sampling bench (5) is provided with the edge of inside stretching, extension, and has a support on sampling bench (5) side
Platform, platform has two raised guide rails (15), and sampling shovel (6) is placed on the guide rail of sampling bench (5).
2. measurement bioturbation device that pollutant are distributed in deposit as claimed in claim 1 is it is characterised in that institute
The vent cap (1) stated is hollow structure, and described shell (2) is the cuboid of uncovered.
3. measurement bioturbation device that pollutant are distributed in deposit as claimed in claim 1 is it is characterised in that institute
The base (3) stated, lifting pedestal (7) are all connected with the bottom of shell (2) with o type sealing ring by screw thread.
4. measurement bioturbation device that pollutant are distributed in deposit as claimed in claim 1 is it is characterised in that institute
All there is zero graduation line at the two ends of the scale (12) stated.
5. measurement bioturbation device that pollutant are distributed in deposit as claimed in claim 1 is it is characterised in that institute
The bottom of the lifting pedestal (7) stated is regular hexagon, and to lift the stability of device during experiment, the outer wall of lifting pedestal (7) sets
It is equipped with crank (18)；The top surface of described lifting platform (8) is plane (19).
6. measurement bioturbation device that pollutant are distributed in deposit as claimed in claim 1 is it is characterised in that institute
The vent cap (1) stated, shell (2), base (3), the material of liner (4), sampling bench (5) and lifting pedestal (7) are organic glass
Glass, the material of sampling shovel (6) is food stage 304 rustless steel, and lifting platform (8) material is aluminum oxidation material.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610864978.1A CN106370805B (en) | 2016-09-30 | 2016-09-30 | The device that measurement bioturbation is distributed to pollutant in deposit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610864978.1A CN106370805B (en) | 2016-09-30 | 2016-09-30 | The device that measurement bioturbation is distributed to pollutant in deposit |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN106370805A true CN106370805A (en) | 2017-02-01 |
| CN106370805B CN106370805B (en) | 2018-03-16 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201610864978.1A Expired - Fee Related CN106370805B (en) | 2016-09-30 | 2016-09-30 | The device that measurement bioturbation is distributed to pollutant in deposit |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109238914A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-01-18 | 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 | The research device and analysis method that different-grain diameter biology influences organic matter degradation |
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| CN102175491A (en) * | 2010-12-31 | 2011-09-07 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Water-sediment compound simulation test device for accurately layering and collecting sediment |
| CN203465259U (en) * | 2013-08-07 | 2014-03-05 | 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所 | Experimental device for simulating field condition to explore layering change of sediment interstitial water |
| CN203772828U (en) * | 2014-03-03 | 2014-08-13 | 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所 | Deposition indoor culture and layering device based on horizontal insertion plate |
| CN104655451A (en) * | 2015-02-13 | 2015-05-27 | 南通大学 | In-situ stratified sampling pipe for surface sediments and method |
| CN206057306U (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-03-29 | 吉林大学 | The device that measurement bioturbation is distributed in deposit to pollutant |
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2016
- 2016-09-30 CN CN201610864978.1A patent/CN106370805B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
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| CN102175491A (en) * | 2010-12-31 | 2011-09-07 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Water-sediment compound simulation test device for accurately layering and collecting sediment |
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Cited By (2)
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| CN109238914A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-01-18 | 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 | The research device and analysis method that different-grain diameter biology influences organic matter degradation |
| CN109238914B (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2023-09-22 | 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 | Research device and analysis method for influence of organisms with different particle sizes on degradation of organic matters |
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| CN106370805B (en) | 2018-03-16 |
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Granted publication date: 20180316 Termination date: 20180930 |