CN106369055A - Pneumatic bidirectional output shaft based on magnetic-air hybrid spherical bearing - Google Patents
Pneumatic bidirectional output shaft based on magnetic-air hybrid spherical bearing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106369055A CN106369055A CN201611041627.7A CN201611041627A CN106369055A CN 106369055 A CN106369055 A CN 106369055A CN 201611041627 A CN201611041627 A CN 201611041627A CN 106369055 A CN106369055 A CN 106369055A
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- Prior art keywords
- shaft
- spherical bearing
- susceptor
- shaft part
- permanent magnet
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
- F16C32/0402—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means combined with other supporting means, e.g. hybrid bearings with both magnetic and fluid supporting means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C37/00—Cooling of bearings
- F16C37/002—Cooling of bearings of fluid bearings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C37/00—Cooling of bearings
- F16C37/005—Cooling of bearings of magnetic bearings
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Magnetic Bearings And Hydrostatic Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a pneumatic bidirectional output shaft based on a magnetic-air hybrid spherical bearing, and aims to overcome the defect that severe heat radiation exists when a motor is adopted as a built-in driver of a bidirectional output spindle. The pneumatic bidirectional output shaft comprises permanent magnets, a spherical bearing spindle, impellers, permanent magnet seats, air guiding shells and spindle supporting parts, wherein compressed air is injected into the inner and outer cavities of the air guiding shells through first air inlets and second air inlets respectively; the compressed air injected into the inner cavities of the air guiding shells enters spherical bearing supporting holes through supporting part air inlet holes of the spindle supporting parts; the compressed air injected into the outer cavities of the air guiding shells drives the impellers to rotate, the rotating impellers drive the spherical bearing spindle to move, and then the compressed air is exhausted through first interstitial holes, second interstitial holes and axial air outlet holes; and through radial air outlet holes of isolating rings, too high internal pressure and turbulent air flow are prevented. According to the pneumatic bidirectional output shaft disclosed by the invention, the impellers are adopted as power sources and the problem about heat radiation of the built-in driver is solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to magnetism combined bearing supports and the main shaft with gas-powered, particularly a kind of magnetism that is based on mixes
The pneumatic output shafts of spherical bearing.
Background technology
With scientific and technical development, increasing to the demand of various machine tools, machine tool precision is wanted
Ask more and more harsh, the efficiency requirements also more and more higher to lathe.Mainly by bearing mechanical support machine tool, due to long when
Between mechanical wear, the precise processing precision of parts is extremely difficult to require.Such spindle processing, assembling are complicated, and bearing needs to moisten
Sliding, easily entrain impurity it is impossible to apply in industries such as some food needing clean processing environment, medical treatment.
In order to meet lathe high accuracy processing request, now it has been widely used air-bearing, using air than oily viscosity
Little, high temperature resistant, free of contamination feature, solves the many difficult points of machine tooling.Later in order to improve the stability of air-bearing with
And protection air-bearing, employ the mode of magnetism combination, more perfect main shaft.
Existing lathe, in order to improve work efficiency, a part employs the form of two-way main shaft output.Such main shaft must
Built-in drive form must be adopted, and existing built-in driving, nearly all employ motor.Built-in motor, both saved space,
Solve the shaft-driven problem of two-direction, main.But, during main shaft bidirectional output, using general radial direction air-bearing, especially examine
Consider the axial support problem of design;In addition it is important built-in motor, it is in high-speed cruising or under the state that works long hours,
Heating problem is very serious, all will be specifically designed a set of cooling system so that the design and assembly of main shaft become sufficiently complex.
Content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is for the deficiencies in the prior art, provides a kind of pneumatic double based on magnetism mixing spherical bearing
To output shaft, solving that main shaft assembling is complicated, smooth rotation is poor, need constantly lubrication, process clean environment, working (machining) efficiency,
The built-in problem driving heating, cooling down.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
The present invention includes baffle plate, permanent magnet, spherical bearing main shaft, impeller, permanent magnet seat, inducing QI housing and main shaft and sets off
Part;Described spherical bearing main shaft includes integrally formed spherical bearing and stretches out be symmetricly set on spherical bearing both sides two
Axle;Described projecting shaft includes the first shaft part, the second shaft part, the 3rd shaft part and the 4th shaft part being sequentially arranged from the inside to the outside;The
Three shaft parts are provided with external screw thread;The first shaft part diameter of axle is more than the second shaft part diameter of axle, and the second shaft part diameter of axle is more than the 3rd shaft part external screw thread
Big footpath, the 3rd shaft part external screw thread path is more than the 4th shaft part diameter of axle.
The center of described main shaft susceptor offers spherical bearing support holes and susceptor steam vent;Susceptor steam vent
The inner connect with spherical bearing support holes, the open setting in the outer end of susceptor blowhole;The side wall of spherical bearing support holes is opened
It is provided with the two susceptor blowhole groups symmetrical with regard to projecting shaft central axis;Described susceptor blowhole group is included globally
M susceptor blowhole of bearing radial arrangement, the span of m is 2~5;Susceptor blowhole central axis and projecting shaft
Angle between the angle of central axis, and adjacent susceptor blowhole central axis is k, k=90 °/(m+1);Two
The susceptor steam vent of main shaft susceptor is inserted on the first shaft part of a corresponding projecting shaft respectively, and two main shaft susceptor
The inner is bolted, and spherical bearing is surrounded by the spherical bearing support holes of two main shaft susceptor.
Described inducing QI case inside wall is provided with shading ring, and inducing QI housing is separated into inside and outside chamber by shading ring;Shading ring
Center offers axial passage, and the side wall of axial passage opens up n radial direction venthole being uniformly distributed along the circumference, the value of n
Scope is 2~8, the open setting in outer end of radial direction venthole;The side wall that inducing QI housing is located at inner chamber offers and is uniformly distributed along the circumference
N the first air intake, the side wall that inducing QI housing is located at exocoel offers the n being uniformly distributed along the circumference second air intake;Two
The shading ring of inducing QI housing is nested with respectively on the first shaft part of corresponding projecting shaft, the axial passage of shading ring and projecting shaft
Form axial airway between first shaft part;The shading ring inner face of inducing QI housing is adjacent to the outer face of corresponding main shaft susceptor
Setting, axial airway is connected with the susceptor steam vent of corresponding main shaft susceptor;The inner chamber of two inducing QI housings is by two masters
Axle bush supporting piece is surrounded;Two impellers are nested with respectively on the second shaft part of corresponding projecting shaft, and are arranged on the outer of inducing QI housing
Intracavity;3rd shaft part of projecting shaft is connected with locking nut by external screw thread;The shaft shoulder of the first shaft part and the formation of the second shaft part is used
In the axially position of impeller, locking nut compresses impeller outer face.
The outer end of described inducing QI housing has been connected by screw permanent magnet seat, and centre bore the inner of permanent magnet seat is provided with positioning
Bulge loop;The center in the hole of described permanent magnet seat places the permanent magnet of annular, and positioning convex ring positions to permanent magnet inner face;Permanent magnet
It is arranged at the 4th shaft part of projecting shaft;Form the first mesopore, permanent magnet inwall and between positioning convex ring and the 4th axle head
Form the second mesopore, baffle inner wall and the 4th shaft part form axial venthole between four shaft parts;First mesopore connection inducing QI
The exocoel of housing and the second mesopore are inner, and axial venthole is connected with the second gap outer end of hole.
Described impeller and the second shaft part adopt interference fit.
Described impeller and the second shaft part pass through bonded.
Described permanent magnet adopts high temperature resistance material.
Described permanent magnet seat outer end has been connected by screw baffle plate, and baffle plate compresses permanent magnet outer face;Baffle plate setting exists
At 4th shaft part of projecting shaft.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1st, the present invention adopts bidirectional output, improves the work efficiency of main shaft.
2nd, the present invention using full symmetric structure and utilizes permanent magnet, solves the motion shakiness that air-floating main shaft is usually present
Determine problem.
3rd, the present invention using the permanent magnet that can bear high temperature so that main shaft keeps suspended state when not working, thus
Reach the purpose of protection main shaft, also can guarantee that its normal work at high temperature simultaneously.
4th, the present invention adopts spherical bearing main shaft, can solve the problems, such as main shaft radial direction and axial holding capacity well.
5th, the present invention adopts air to drive impeller as the power resources of main shaft, can solve typically built-in driving well
Heating, cool down problem.
6 present invention ensures that the stationarity of main shaft rotation, and spherical bearing need not lubricate, and process, assemble easily, and be suitable for
In clean environment, even high temperature, high radiation environment.
Brief description
Accompanying drawing is only used for illustrating the purpose of preferred implementation, and is not considered as limitation of the present invention.And whole
In individual accompanying drawing, because full symmetric about whole device, thus like part is no longer represented with reference markss.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the assembling structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
In figure: 1, baffle plate, 2, permanent magnet, 3, spherical bearing main shaft, 4, locking nut, 5, impeller, 6, permanent magnet seat, 7,
Two air intakes, 8, inducing QI housing, 9, radial direction venthole, 10, main shaft susceptor, the 11, first air intake, 12, susceptor blowhole.
Specific embodiment
To describe the present invention below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments in detail.
As shown in figure 1, a kind of pneumatic output shafts based on magnetism mixing spherical bearing, including baffle plate 1, permanent magnet 2,
Spherical bearing main shaft 3, impeller 5, permanent magnet seat 6, inducing QI housing 8 and main shaft susceptor 10;Spherical bearing main shaft 3 includes integrally becoming
The spherical bearing of type and two projecting shafts being symmetricly set on spherical bearing both sides, spherical bearing plays a supportive role;Spherical bearing
The bidirectional output form of main shaft, is greatly improved work efficiency;The first shaft part that projecting shaft includes being sequentially arranged from the inside to the outside,
Two shaft parts, the 3rd shaft part and the 4th shaft part;3rd shaft part is provided with external screw thread;The first shaft part diameter of axle is more than the second shaft part diameter of axle, the
The two shaft part diameters of axle are more than the big footpath of the 3rd shaft part external screw thread, and the 3rd shaft part external screw thread path is more than the 4th shaft part diameter of axle.
The center of main shaft susceptor 10 offers spherical bearing support holes and susceptor steam vent;Susceptor steam vent
The inner is connected with spherical bearing support holes, the open setting in outer end of susceptor blowhole;The side wall of spherical bearing support holes opens up
It is related to two symmetrical susceptor blowhole groups of projecting shaft central axis;Susceptor blowhole group includes globally bearing radial direction
M susceptor blowhole 12, m=2 of arrangement;Susceptor blowhole central axis and the angle of projecting shaft central axis, and
Angle between adjacent susceptor blowhole central axis is k, k=30 °;The susceptor steam vent of two main shaft susceptor 10
Be inserted in respectively on the first shaft part of a corresponding projecting shaft, and the inner of two main shaft susceptor 10 be bolted so that
Spherical bearing is wrapped up by the spherical bearing support holes of two main shaft susceptor 10, and such spherical bearing main shaft is in radial direction and axle
There is good support upwards.
Inducing QI housing 8 medial wall is provided with shading ring, and inducing QI housing 8 is separated into inside and outside chamber by shading ring;The center of shading ring
Place offers axial passage, and the side wall of axial passage opens up n radial direction venthole 9, n=2 being uniformly distributed along the circumference, and radially goes out
The open setting in the outer end of pore;The side wall that inducing QI housing 8 is located at inner chamber offers the n being uniformly distributed along the circumference first air intake
11, the side wall that inducing QI housing 8 is located at exocoel offers the n being uniformly distributed along the circumference second air intake 7;Two inducing QI housings 8
Shading ring is nested with respectively on the first shaft part of corresponding projecting shaft, the axial passage of shading ring and the first shaft part of projecting shaft it
Between form axial airway;The shading ring inner face of inducing QI housing 8 is become placed against with the outer face of corresponding main shaft susceptor 10, axle
Connect to airway with the susceptor steam vent of corresponding main shaft susceptor 10;Two main shafts are set off by the inner chamber of two inducing QI housings
Part surrounds;Two impellers are nested with respectively on the second shaft part of corresponding projecting shaft, and are arranged on the outer intracavity of inducing QI housing 8;
Impeller 5 and the second shaft part adopt interference fit or by bonded.3rd shaft part of projecting shaft is connected with locking by external screw thread
Nut 4;The shaft shoulder of the first shaft part and the formation of the second shaft part is used for the axially position of impeller, and locking nut compresses impeller outer face.
The outer end of inducing QI housing 8 has been connected by screw permanent magnet seat 6, and centre bore the inner of permanent magnet seat 6 is provided with positioning
Bulge loop;The center in the hole of permanent magnet seat 6 places the permanent magnet 2 of annular, and positioning convex ring positions to permanent magnet inner face;Permanent magnet is adopted
Use high temperature resistance material, will not lose magnetism at high temperature.Permanent magnet seat 6 outer end has been connected by screw baffle plate 1, and baffle plate 1 compresses
Permanent magnet outer face and the dust stopping the external world;Permanent magnet and baffle plate 1 are arranged at the 4th shaft part of projecting shaft;Positioning convex ring
Form the first mesopore and the 4th axle head between, between permanent magnet inwall and the 4th shaft part, form the second mesopore, baffle plate 1 inwall
Form axial venthole with the 4th shaft part;First mesopore connects exocoel and the second mesopore the inner of inducing QI housing 8, Axial-running Out
Pore is connected with the second gap outer end of hole.
The operation principle of this pneumatic output shafts based on magnetism mixing spherical bearing:
Extraneous compressed air passes through the first air intake 11 and the second air intake 7 each leads into the inside and outside chamber of inducing QI housing 8;Logical
The compressed air entering inducing QI housing 8 inner chamber enters spherical bearing support holes by the susceptor blowhole 12 of main shaft susceptor 10,
For supporting spherical bearing so that main shaft can no frictionally move;Spherical bearing support holes gas out sets off through main shaft
The susceptor steam vent of part 10 is delivered to the axial passage of shading ring;It is passed through the compressed air-driven leaf of inducing QI housing 8 exocoel
Wheel rotates, thus driving motion of main shaft, then discharges through the first mesopore, the second mesopore and axial venthole;Shading ring
Radial direction venthole 9 is used for the dredging of gas, prevents air pressure inside excessive and air-flow is chaotic.Do not work in spherical bearing main shaft 3
When, permanent magnet supports main shaft, so as to be in suspended state, plays the effect of protection main shaft;When spherical bearing main shaft 3 works,
Magnetism combine support so that spherical bearing main shaft 3 move more stable.
Present invention employs bidirectional output, improve the work efficiency of spherical bearing main shaft 3;It adopts full symmetric structure
And utilize permanent magnet, thus solve the motion instability problem that air-floating main shaft is usually present;It is using can bear high temperature
Permanent magnet so that main shaft also keeps suspended state when not working, thus reach protection main shaft purpose, simultaneously also can make
It can work at high temperature;Which employs spherical bearing main shaft, solve main shaft radial direction well and ask with axial holding capacity
Topic;Which employs air drives impeller as the power resources of main shaft, solves the heating of typically built-in driving well, cooling
Problem;Which ensure that the stationarity of main shaft rotation, spherical bearing need not lubricate, process, assemble easily, and be applied to clean ring
Border, even high temperature, high radiation environment.
Finally it is noted that above example, only in order to technical scheme to be described, is not intended to limit;Although
With reference to the foregoing embodiments the present invention is described in detail, it will be understood by those within the art that: it still may be used
To modify to the technical scheme described in previous embodiment, or equivalent is carried out to wherein some technical characteristics;And
These modifications or replacement, do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution depart from spirit and the model of embodiment of the present invention technical scheme
Enclose.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of pneumatic output shafts based on magnetism mixing spherical bearing, including baffle plate, permanent magnet, spherical bearing main shaft,
Impeller, permanent magnet seat, inducing QI housing and main shaft susceptor it is characterised in that: described spherical bearing main shaft includes being integrally formed
Spherical bearing and be symmetricly set on two projecting shafts of spherical bearing both sides;Described projecting shaft includes from the inside to the outside cloth successively
The first shaft part, the second shaft part, the 3rd shaft part and the 4th shaft part put;3rd shaft part is provided with external screw thread;The first shaft part diameter of axle is more than
The second shaft part diameter of axle, the second shaft part diameter of axle is more than the big footpath of the 3rd shaft part external screw thread, and the 3rd shaft part external screw thread path is more than the 4th axle
The section diameter of axle;
The center of described main shaft susceptor offers spherical bearing support holes and susceptor steam vent;Susceptor steam vent interior
End is connected with spherical bearing support holes, the open setting in outer end of susceptor blowhole;The side wall of spherical bearing support holes offers
With regard to two symmetrical susceptor blowhole groups of projecting shaft central axis;Described susceptor blowhole group includes globally bearing
M susceptor blowhole of radial arrangement, the span of m is 2~5;Susceptor blowhole central axis and projecting shaft center
Angle between the angle of axis, and adjacent susceptor blowhole central axis is k, k=90 °/(m+1);Two main shafts
The susceptor steam vent of susceptor is inserted on the first shaft part of a corresponding projecting shaft respectively, and the inner of two main shaft susceptor
It is bolted, spherical bearing is surrounded by the spherical bearing support holes of two main shaft susceptor;
Described inducing QI case inside wall is provided with shading ring, and inducing QI housing is separated into inside and outside chamber by shading ring;The center of shading ring
Place offers axial passage, and the side wall of axial passage opens up n radial direction venthole being uniformly distributed along the circumference, the span of n
For 2~8, the open setting in outer end of radial direction venthole;The side wall that inducing QI housing is located at inner chamber offers the n being uniformly distributed along the circumference
First air intake, the side wall that inducing QI housing is located at exocoel offers the n being uniformly distributed along the circumference second air intake;Two inducing QI shells
The shading ring of body is nested with respectively on the first shaft part of corresponding projecting shaft, the axial passage of shading ring and the first axle of projecting shaft
Form axial airway between section;The shading ring inner face of inducing QI housing is become placed against with the outer face of corresponding main shaft susceptor,
Axial airway is connected with the susceptor steam vent of corresponding main shaft susceptor;Two main shafts are set off by the inner chamber of two inducing QI housings
Part surrounds;Two impellers are nested with respectively on the second shaft part of corresponding projecting shaft, and are arranged on the outer intracavity of inducing QI housing;Stretch
3rd shaft part of shaft is connected with locking nut by external screw thread;The shaft shoulder of the first shaft part and the formation of the second shaft part is used for impeller
Axially position, locking nut compresses impeller outer face;
The outer end of described inducing QI housing has been connected by screw permanent magnet seat, and centre bore the inner of permanent magnet seat is provided with convex
Ring;The center in the hole of described permanent magnet seat places the permanent magnet of annular, and positioning convex ring positions to permanent magnet inner face;Permanent magnet sets
Put at the 4th shaft part of projecting shaft;Form the first mesopore, permanent magnet inwall and the 4th between positioning convex ring and the 4th axle head
Form the second mesopore, baffle inner wall and the 4th shaft part form axial venthole between shaft part;First mesopore connection inducing QI shell
The exocoel of body and the second mesopore are inner, and axial venthole is connected with the second gap outer end of hole.
2. a kind of pneumatic output shafts based on magnetism mixing spherical bearing according to claim 1 it is characterised in that:
Described impeller and the second shaft part adopt interference fit.
3. a kind of pneumatic output shafts based on magnetism mixing spherical bearing according to claim 1 it is characterised in that:
Described impeller and the second shaft part pass through bonded.
4. a kind of pneumatic output shafts based on magnetism mixing spherical bearing according to claim 1 it is characterised in that:
Described permanent magnet adopts high temperature resistance material.
5. a kind of pneumatic output shafts based on magnetism mixing spherical bearing according to claim 1 it is characterised in that:
Described permanent magnet seat outer end has been connected by screw baffle plate, and baffle plate compresses permanent magnet outer face;Baffle plate setting is in projecting shaft
At 4th shaft part.
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CN201611041627.7A CN106369055B (en) | 2016-11-21 | 2016-11-21 | A kind of pneumatic output shafts based on magnetism mixing spherical bearing |
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CN201611041627.7A CN106369055B (en) | 2016-11-21 | 2016-11-21 | A kind of pneumatic output shafts based on magnetism mixing spherical bearing |
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CN106369055B CN106369055B (en) | 2018-05-29 |
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN108488232A (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2018-09-04 | 燕山大学 | A kind of magnetism dual suspension journal bearing with porous media gasket |
CN108547869A (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2018-09-18 | 燕山大学 | A kind of magnetic liquid dual suspension bearing support system |
CN109737139A (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2019-05-10 | 扬州大学 | A kind of embedded magnetism suspension bearing structure of electric machine main shaft intertexture |
CN113452199A (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2021-09-28 | 华中科技大学 | Mechanical permanent magnet hybrid bearing system for vertical installation motor |
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CN106112022A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2016-11-16 | 上海大学 | A kind of high-speed electric main shaft with composite bearing |
CN206221509U (en) * | 2016-11-21 | 2017-06-06 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Pneumatic output shafts based on magnetism mixing spherical bearing |
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN108488232A (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2018-09-04 | 燕山大学 | A kind of magnetism dual suspension journal bearing with porous media gasket |
CN108547869A (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2018-09-18 | 燕山大学 | A kind of magnetic liquid dual suspension bearing support system |
CN108547869B (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2019-09-10 | 燕山大学 | A kind of magnetic liquid dual suspension bearing support system |
CN109737139A (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2019-05-10 | 扬州大学 | A kind of embedded magnetism suspension bearing structure of electric machine main shaft intertexture |
CN113452199A (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2021-09-28 | 华中科技大学 | Mechanical permanent magnet hybrid bearing system for vertical installation motor |
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