CN106356843A - Synthesis load modeling method for reflecting network voltage characteristic - Google Patents
Synthesis load modeling method for reflecting network voltage characteristic Download PDFInfo
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- CN106356843A CN106356843A CN201610856425.1A CN201610856425A CN106356843A CN 106356843 A CN106356843 A CN 106356843A CN 201610856425 A CN201610856425 A CN 201610856425A CN 106356843 A CN106356843 A CN 106356843A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
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Abstract
The invention discloses a synthesis load modeling method for reflecting a network voltage characteristic. The method comprises the following steps of utilizing an equivalent impedance ZL and an equivalent step-down transformer for being equivalent to a power distribution network high-voltage network; adopting an induction motor model to be in parallel connection with a static load model so as to be equivalent to a power distribution network middle-low voltage network including a load. The impedance ZL and the step-down transformer have two combination ways: (1) an impedance Ztr of the step-down transformer is combined into the impedance ZL to obtain an impedance ZD, the ZD is serially connected with an ideal step-down transformer, and the ideal step-down transformer uses a pi-type equivalent circuit for approaching; (2) the impedance ZL is combined into the impedance Ztr of the step-down transformer to form a generalized step-down transformer with an impedance being ZT, and the generalized step-down transformer uses the pi-type equivalent circuit for simulating, so that two equivalent circuits of a synthesis load model are obtained. The synthesis load model built by the invention can reflect the network voltage characteristic, conforms to an actual structure of a power distribution network mechanically, and is beneficial to improving the power system planning, scheduling and other simulation result accuracy and the decision scientificity.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Power System Analysis and control technology field, relate generally to a kind of the comprehensive of reflection line voltage characteristic
Close load modeling method.
Background technology
Power system digital simulation is planning and design of power system and the basic foundation of allocation and transportation operational decisions, is also power train
The fundamental analysis instrument of system safe and stable operation.And the mathematical model of each element of power system is power system digital simulation calculating
Basis, the reasonability of component models and degree of accuracy determine the credibility of simulation result, and wherein integrated load model is to emulation
The effectiveness of result has highly important impact, and inappropriate load model may result in simulation result with practical situation not
Consistent or even contrary conclusion, increases power department in Electric Power Network Planning construction, tune based on the simulation result under the conditions of this kind of
The risk of policy making of the aspects such as degree operation.
In existing electric system simulation program, it is not quite similar according to the load model of emulation mesh different choice, but in electricity
In Force system dynamic simulation program, adopt the load model of differential equation, its medium value induction conductivity parallel connection constant-resistance more
Anti- integrated load model is most widely used.Integrated load model is at present mainly by two kinds of patterns: one is not consider power distribution network
The integrated load model of impact, dynamic static load is directly connected on transformer station's high voltage bus;Two is that part considers power distribution network impact
Integrated load model, dynamic static load is connected to high voltage bus by an equiva lent impedance, and model considers the power of power distribution network
Loss and the loss of voltage, improve model accuracy to a certain extent, but the blood pressure lowering not accounted in model in power distribution network become
The effect of depressor.It is true that load is all to be connected on middle voltage bus bar, power distribution network high voltage network in order to connect high voltage bus and in
Low-voltage load area, has the link of a transformation from transformer station to load, not complete in therefore current integrated load model mechanism
Entirely meet power distribution network practical structures;And, in actual electric network, high voltage bus voltage be constantly present greater than, equal to, be less than its volume
Determine the situation of voltage, and the regulator in corresponding power distribution network is always able to maintain that loading zone voltage near rated value, now,
Both having made is isomorphism load, in the power system being represented with perunit value, the perunit value of high voltage bus voltage is likely larger than, is equal to,
Less than loading zone voltage perunit value it is clear that current integrated load model can not reflect this kind of situation, that is, model can not be anti-
Reflect line voltage characteristic, and this situation may lead to isomorphism load identification gained in the case of high voltage bus voltage difference
Model parameter is widely different so that the result obtained by grid simulation deviates actual value very greatly so that affecting simulation Credibility.Base
In above-mentioned analysis, existing integrated load model in mechanism with reflection line voltage characteristic two aspect Shortcomings, its application
Scene has certain limitation.
Content of the invention
Technical problem solved by the invention is, for the deficiency of existing load model, provides a kind of reflection line voltage
The aggregate load modeling method of characteristic, it is considered to high-voltage fence and mesolow load on the basis of existing integrated load model
The voltage characteristic impact of transmission network between area, adds transformator to carry out simulating grid pressure regulation result, to reach in load model
Integrated load model reflects the purpose of power grid voltage regulating characteristic, mechanism meets electrical network practical structures, can effectively improve power system
The accuracy of the result of digital simulation, for the decision-making foundation of Power System Planning, the management and running high credibility of offer.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of aggregate load modeling method of reflection line voltage characteristic, using an equivalent impedance zlWith an equivalence
Step-down transformer equivalent power distribution network high voltage network;Using induction motor model parallel connection static load model equivalent inclusion load
In interior power distribution network middle low voltage network it follows that reflecting the integrated load model topological structure of line voltage characteristic.
Described impedance zlThere are two kinds of compound modes with step-down transformer:
The first compound mode is by the impedance z of step-down transformertrIt is merged into impedance zlIn obtain impedance zd, zdConnect again
Preferable step-down transformer, preferable step-down transformer is approached with π type equivalent circuit, thus obtains reflecting the synthesis of line voltage characteristic
The first equivalent circuit of load model;
Second compound mode is by impedance zlIt is merged into the impedance z of step-down transformertrIn, composition impedance is ztBroad sense
Step-down transformer, broad sense step-down transformer is simulated with π type equivalent circuit, thus obtains reflecting the synthetic load of line voltage characteristic
The second equivalent circuit of model.
Above-mentioned the first equivalent circuit middle impedance zdMathematical model with preferable step-down transformer is:
1) non-standard no-load voltage ratio k of preferable step-down transformer is equal to the arithmetic average of steady state time section inner high voltage busbar voltage
Value;
2) it is with reference to phasor with high voltage bus voltage u, by impedance zdPower afterwards and voltage meet formula (1) and formula
(2):
Wherein, pdAnd qdRepresent respectively and pass through impedance zdActive power afterwards and reactive power;P and q represents that high pressure is female respectively
What line flowed out has power and reactive power;udRepresent and pass through zdVoltage afterwards, udxAnd udyRepresent u respectivelydCorresponding x-axis and y-axis
Component;
3) preferable step-down transformer π type equivalent circuit two ends power and voltage meet formula (3) to formula (6):
Wherein, paAnd qaRepresent respectively and flow to the active power of series arm and reactive power in π type equivalent circuit;pbWith
qbRepresent respectively and flow out the active power of series arm and reactive power in π type equivalent circuit;ulFor load busbar voltage, plWith
qlIt is respectively the total active power of load and the total reactive power of load;ze=re+jxeIt is the impedance for approaching ideal transformer, its
It is worth for minimum normal number, reference span: 0 < re<10-5And 0 < xe<10-5, subscript*Represent the conjugate operation of plural number.
In above-mentioned second equivalent circuit, the mathematical model of broad sense step-down transformer is:
1) non-standard no-load voltage ratio k of broad sense step-down transformer is equal to the arithmetic average of steady state time section inner high voltage busbar voltage
Value;
2) it is with reference to phasor with high voltage bus voltage u, broad sense step-down transformer π type equivalent circuit two ends power and voltage are full
Sufficient formula (7) is to formula (10):
Wherein, paAnd qaRepresent respectively and flow to the active power of series arm and reactive power in π type equivalent circuit;pbWith
qbRepresent respectively and flow out the active power of series arm and reactive power in π type equivalent circuit;ulFor load busbar voltage, plWith
qlIt is respectively the total active power of load and the total reactive power of load;Subscript*Represent the conjugate operation of plural number.
The static load model input power of the input power of induction motor model and meter and reactive-load compensation meets formula
(11):
Wherein, pmAnd qmIt is respectively dynamic active power and dynamic reactive power, i.e. induction motor model input power;
psAnd qsIt is respectively static active power and static reactive power, as meter and the static load model input work of reactive-load compensation
Rate.
The transient process of induction motor model adopts Third-order differential equations to describe;In initialization procedure, if qsGreatly
In zero, then static load model adopts zip model, if qsLess than zero, then static load model adopts z model, i.e. zip model
The coefficient of middle i and p is zero constant-impedance model.
The principle of the invention is:
In power distribution network, electric energy is to be delivered to mesolow load from high voltage substation high voltage bus by power distribution network high voltage network
Area, according to this ultimate principle, using an equivalent impedance simulation power distribution network high voltage network loss, an equivalent downconverter
The transformation function of device simulated high-pressure network, mesolow load is connected to (i.e. load bus on the secondary side bus of equivalent step-down transformer
On), wherein dynamic load adopts induction motor model, and static load adopts zip model (ignoring the impact of frequency), thus
Go out to reflect the integrated load model topological structure of line voltage characteristic;According to transformator pi-network principle of equivalence, equivalent impedance with
It is that the impedance of equivalent step-down transformer is merged in equivalent impedance that the compound mode of equivalent step-down transformer has two kinds: one, then
The preferable step-down transformer of series connection one, two is that equivalent impedance is merged in the impedance of equivalent step-down transformer, constitutes one extensively
The step-down transformer of justice;It is hereby achieved that two kinds of equivalent circuits of reflection line voltage characteristic integrated load model.
π type equivalent circuit includes series arm, left side admittance branch road and the right three branch roads of admittance branch road over the ground over the ground;Three
Individual branch road constitutes a resonance triangle: the impedance sum of three branch roads is equal to zero it is assumed that k is the non-standard no-load voltage ratio of transformator, ztr
For transformer impedance, ytrFor transformator admittance, and ztrAnd ytrMeet:icFor ring current in pi-network, udWith
ulIt is respectively the voltage at pi-network two ends, then the derivation of pi-network varying-voltage principle is as follows:
The electric current flowing through left side admittance branch road over the ground meets below equation:
The electric current flowing through the right admittance branch road over the ground meets below equation:
Because admittance branch current is equal over the ground to flow through the right and left, can be obtained by two above equation:
Can show that by above formula the proportional relation of pi-network both end voltage achieves transformation function.
Beneficial effect:
Integrated load model according to the present invention considers power distribution network via net loss, simulates the transformation of power distribution network high voltage network
Function, meter and the reactive-load compensation of power distribution network, simulate in actual power distribution network electric energy from high voltage substation through high pressure from mechanism
Network delivery to loading zone transmitting procedure, non-standard no-load voltage ratio value, according to electrical network inverse regulation voltage principle, can reflect that line voltage is special
Property.
The General Principle of flow of electrical power is met on mechanism of the present invention, ensure that isomorphism load is female in different high pressure from structure
Model parameter stability under line voltage, effectively improves the credibility about simulation result for the power system, is that power department is formulated
Dispatching of power netwoks programme and electric power netting safe running mode provide effective decision-making foundation, improve economy and the safety of electrical network
Property, there is good engineering significance and application prospect.
Figure of description
Fig. 1 is the integrated load model topology diagram of reflection line voltage characteristic;
Fig. 2 is the equivalent circuit before the integrated load model impedance merging of reflection line voltage characteristic;
Fig. 3 is the first equivalent circuit of integrated load model of reflection line voltage characteristic;
Fig. 4 is the integrated load model second equivalent circuit of reflection line voltage characteristic;
Fig. 5 is transformator π type equivalent circuit.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further described.
A kind of aggregate load modeling method of reflection line voltage characteristic involved in the present invention is it is adaptable to power distribution network synthesis
Load modeling, Fig. 1 is the corresponding distribution network topology of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is corresponding equivalent circuit;High voltage bus and middle pressure bus
Between power distribution network high voltage network impedance zlEquivalent with downconverter, step-down transformer is equivalent with pi-network, and its impedance is
ztr, the induction conductivity parallel connection zip simulation of power distribution network middle low voltage network including load.
Described impedance zlThere are two kinds of compound modes with step-down transformer: the first compound mode is by the resistance of step-down transformer
Anti- ztrIt is merged into impedance zlIn obtain impedance zd, zdConnect again preferable step-down transformer, the preferable step-down transformer equivalent electricity of π type
Road is approached, and thus obtains reflecting the first equivalent circuit of the integrated load model of line voltage characteristic;Second compound mode
It is by impedance zlIt is merged into the impedance z of step-down transformertrIn, composition impedance is ztBroad sense step-down transformer, broad sense blood pressure lowering become
Depressor is simulated with π type equivalent circuit, thus obtains reflecting the second equivalent circuit of the integrated load model of line voltage characteristic.
The first equivalent circuit and second equivalent circuit are respectively as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4.
Fig. 3 is integrated load model first equivalent circuit of reflection line voltage characteristic, its middle impedance zdWith preferable blood pressure lowering
The mathematical model of transformator is:
1) non-standard no-load voltage ratio k of preferable step-down transformer is equal to the arithmetic average of steady state time section inner high voltage busbar voltage
Value;
2) it is with reference to phasor with high voltage bus voltage u, by impedance zdPower afterwards and voltage meet formula (1) and formula
(2):
Wherein, pdAnd qdRepresent respectively and pass through impedance zdActive power afterwards and reactive power;P and q represents that high pressure is female respectively
What line flowed out has power and reactive power;udRepresent and pass through zdVoltage afterwards, udxAnd udyRepresent u respectivelydCorresponding x-axis and y-axis
Component;
3) preferable step-down transformer π type equivalent circuit two ends power and voltage meet formula (3) to formula (6):
Wherein, paAnd qaRepresent respectively and flow to the active power of series arm and reactive power in π type equivalent circuit;pbWith
qbRepresent respectively and flow out the active power of series arm and reactive power in π type equivalent circuit;ulFor load busbar voltage, plWith
qlIt is respectively the total active power of load and the total reactive power of load;ze=re+jxeIt is the impedance for approaching ideal transformer, its
It is worth for minimum normal number, reference span: 0 < re<10-5And 0 < xe<10-5, subscript*Represent the conjugate operation of plural number.
Fig. 4 is integrated load model second equivalent circuit of reflection line voltage characteristic, wherein broad sense step-down transformer
Mathematical model is:
1) non-standard no-load voltage ratio k of broad sense step-down transformer is equal to the arithmetic average of steady state time section inner high voltage busbar voltage
Value;
2) it is with reference to phasor with high voltage bus voltage u, broad sense step-down transformer π type equivalent circuit two ends power and voltage are full
Sufficient formula (7) is to formula (10):
Wherein, paAnd qaRepresent respectively and flow to the active power of series arm and reactive power in π type equivalent circuit;pbWith
qbRepresent respectively and flow out the active power of series arm and reactive power in π type equivalent circuit;ulFor load busbar voltage, plWith
qlIt is respectively the total active power of load and the total reactive power of load;Subscript*Represent the conjugate operation of plural number.
In two kinds of equivalent circuits of integrated load model of reflection line voltage characteristic, the input power of induction motor model
Meet formula (11) with the static load model input power of meter and reactive-load compensation:
Wherein, pmAnd qmIt is respectively dynamic active power and dynamic reactive power, i.e. induction motor model input power;
psAnd qsIt is respectively static active power and static reactive power, as meter and the static load model input work of reactive-load compensation
Rate.
The transient process of induction motor model adopt Third-order differential equations describe, corresponding based under x-y coordinate system
The differential equation is shown in formula (12) to formula (14):
Wherein, e'=e'x+je'yFor induction conductivity transient potential, e'xAnd e'yIt is respectively the corresponding x-axis of e' and y-axis is divided
Amount;f0For mains frequency;uxAnd uyIt is respectively x-axis and the y-axis component of induction conductivity stator port voltage;I=ix+jiyFor sense
The electric current that induction motor absorbs from electrical network, ixAnd iyIt is respectively the corresponding x-axis of i and y-axis component;tmTurn for induction conductivity machinery
Square;teFor induction conductivity electromagnetic torque;H is inertia constant;t0For induction conductivity initial load rate;X=xs+xmFor sensing
Motor transient state equivalent reactance;X'=xs+xm//xrFor induction conductivity transient state reactance;ωrFor rotor speed;
For induction conductivity transient potential damping time constant, ωoFor synchronous rotational speed;rs、xs、rr、xr、xmIt is respectively motor stator with s
Sub- resistance, stator reactance, rotor resistance, rotor reactance, excitation reactance and revolutional slip;A, b and c represent that induction conductivity machinery turns
Square and the coefficient of relationship of rotating speed;
In initialization procedure, if qsMore than zero, then static load model adopts zip model, if qsLess than zero, then
Static load model adopts z model (constant-impedance model, that is, in zip model, the coefficient of i and p is zero);Described zip pattern number
Equation is formula (15):
Wherein, ap、bp、cp、aq、bq、cqIt is respectively active power and reactive power constant-impedance coefficient, constant current coefficient, perseverance
Power coefficient, and meet: ap+bp+cp=1, aq+bq+cq=1.
Fig. 5 is transformator π type equivalent circuit, and in π type equivalent circuit, three branch roads constitute a resonance triangle: three are propped up
The impedance sum on road is equal to zero, and in figure k is the non-standard no-load voltage ratio of transformator, ztrFor transformer impedance, ytrFor transformator admittance, and
And ztrAnd ytrMeet:icFor ring current in pi-network, udAnd ulIt is respectively the voltage at pi-network two ends, then π
Type circuit varying-voltage principle is derived as follows:
The electric current flowing through left side admittance branch road over the ground meets equation (16):
The electric current flowing through the right admittance branch road over the ground meets equation (17):
Because admittance branch current is equal over the ground to flow through the right and left, formula (18) is obtained by formula (16) and formula (17):
Can show that by formula (18) the proportional relation of pi-network both end voltage achieves transformation function.
Integrated load model according to the present invention considers power distribution network via net loss, simulates the transformation of power distribution network high voltage network
Function, meter and the reactive-load compensation of power distribution network, simulate during in actual power distribution network, electric energy is delivered to through high voltage network from mechanism
The transmitting procedure in low-voltage load area, non-standard no-load voltage ratio value, according to electrical network inverse regulation voltage principle, can reflect line voltage characteristic, effectively
Improve the accuracy of power system digital simulation result.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of aggregate load modeling method of reflection line voltage characteristic, its characteristic is: using an equivalent impedance zlWith
The equivalent power distribution network high voltage network of one equivalent step-down transformer;Equivalent using induction motor model parallel connection static load model
Power distribution network middle low voltage network including load is it follows that the integrated load model topology of reflection line voltage characteristic is tied
Structure.
2. a kind of aggregate load modeling method of reflection line voltage characteristic according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that institute
State impedance zlThere are two kinds of compound modes with step-down transformer:
The first compound mode is by the impedance z of step-down transformertrIt is merged into impedance zlIn obtain impedance zd, zdConnect again ideal
Step-down transformer, preferable step-down transformer is approached with π type equivalent circuit, thus obtains reflecting the synthetic load of line voltage characteristic
The first equivalent circuit of model;
Second compound mode is by impedance zlIt is merged into the impedance z of step-down transformertrIn, composition impedance is ztBroad sense blood pressure lowering
Transformator, broad sense step-down transformer is simulated with π type equivalent circuit, thus obtains reflecting the integrated load model of line voltage characteristic
Second equivalent circuit.
3. a kind of aggregate load modeling method of reflection line voltage characteristic according to claim 2 is it is characterised in that the
A kind of equivalent circuit middle impedance zdMathematical model with preferable step-down transformer is:
1) non-standard no-load voltage ratio k of preferable step-down transformer is equal to the arithmetic mean of instantaneous value of steady state time section inner high voltage busbar voltage;
2) it is with reference to phasor with high voltage bus voltage u, by impedance zdRear power and voltage meet formula (1) and formula (2):
Wherein, pdAnd qdRepresent respectively and pass through impedance zdActive power afterwards and reactive power;P and q represents high voltage bus stream respectively
Go out has power and reactive power;udRepresent and pass through zdVoltage afterwards, udxAnd udyRepresent u respectivelydCorresponding x-axis and y-axis component;
3) preferable step-down transformer π type equivalent circuit two ends power and voltage meet formula (3) to formula (6):
Wherein, paAnd qaRepresent respectively and flow to the active power of series arm and reactive power in π type equivalent circuit;pbAnd qbRespectively
Represent and flow out the active power of series arm and reactive power in π type equivalent circuit;ulFor load busbar voltage, plAnd qlRespectively
For the total active power of load and the total reactive power of load;ze=re+jxeIt is the impedance for approaching ideal transformer, its value is pole
Little normal number, with reference to span: 0 < re<10-5And 0 < xe<10-5;Subscript*Represent the conjugate operation of plural number.
4. a kind of aggregate load modeling method of reflection line voltage characteristic according to claim 2 is it is characterised in that the
In two kinds of equivalent circuits, the mathematical model of broad sense step-down transformer is:
1) non-standard no-load voltage ratio k of broad sense step-down transformer is equal to the arithmetic mean of instantaneous value of steady state time section inner high voltage busbar voltage;
2) it is with reference to phasor with high voltage bus voltage u, broad sense step-down transformer π type equivalent circuit two ends power and voltage meet public
Formula (7) is to formula (10):
Wherein, paAnd qaRepresent respectively and flow to the active power of series arm and reactive power in π type equivalent circuit;pbAnd qbRespectively
Represent and flow out the active power of series arm and reactive power in π type equivalent circuit;ulFor load busbar voltage, plAnd qlRespectively
For the total active power of load and the total reactive power of load;Subscript*Represent the conjugate operation of plural number.
5. the aggregate load modeling method of a kind of reflection line voltage characteristic according to claim 3 or 4, its feature exists
Meet formula (11) in, the static load model input power of induction motor model input power and meter and reactive-load compensation:
Wherein, pmAnd qmIt is respectively dynamic active power and dynamic reactive power, i.e. induction motor model input power;psAnd qs
It is respectively static active power and static reactive power, as meter and the static load model input power of reactive-load compensation.
6. the aggregate load modeling method of a kind of reflection line voltage characteristic according to claim 3 or 4, its feature exists
In the transient process of induction motor model adopts Third-order differential equations to describe;In initialization procedure, if qsMore than zero,
Then static load model adopts zip model, if qsLess than zero, then static load model adopt z model, that is, in zip model i and
The coefficient of p is zero constant-impedance model.
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CN109713662A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-05-03 | 清华大学 | A kind of method of power system load model identified parameters to low pressure node equivalent |
CN113067375A (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2021-07-02 | 南华大学 | Generalized comprehensive load modeling method and simulation system for alternating current-direct current hybrid power distribution network |
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CN107609220A (en) * | 2017-08-11 | 2018-01-19 | 中国电力科学研究院 | A kind of load low-voltage release characteristics determination method for parameter and device |
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CN108964063A (en) * | 2018-08-24 | 2018-12-07 | 南京工程学院 | A kind of electric power system tide calculate in non-standard no-load voltage ratio transformer modeling method |
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CN109713662A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-05-03 | 清华大学 | A kind of method of power system load model identified parameters to low pressure node equivalent |
CN113067375A (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2021-07-02 | 南华大学 | Generalized comprehensive load modeling method and simulation system for alternating current-direct current hybrid power distribution network |
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