CN106355895B - Traffic flow and vehicle speed acquisition device and method based on infrared matrix - Google Patents
Traffic flow and vehicle speed acquisition device and method based on infrared matrix Download PDFInfo
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- CN106355895B CN106355895B CN201611055974.5A CN201611055974A CN106355895B CN 106355895 B CN106355895 B CN 106355895B CN 201611055974 A CN201611055974 A CN 201611055974A CN 106355895 B CN106355895 B CN 106355895B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
- G08G1/04—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled using optical or ultrasonic detectors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
- G08G1/052—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled with provision for determining speed or overspeed
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/065—Traffic control systems for road vehicles by counting the vehicles in a section of the road or in a parking area, i.e. comparing incoming count with outgoing count
Abstract
The invention discloses a traffic flow and vehicle speed acquisition device and method based on an infrared matrix, comprising a telescopic bracket, an infrared acquisition device, an infrared reflection device, a field microcomputer and a control center, wherein the telescopic bracket is connected with the infrared acquisition device; the infrared acquisition device is arranged on the telescopic bracket and is positioned above a lane to be measured, the infrared reflection device is arranged on the lane, the infrared acquisition device and the infrared reflection device are arranged in a matrix form of 3 multiplied by n, and n is the number of lanes; the infrared acquisition device is connected with the on-site microcomputer which is connected with the control center. The invention adopts the 3 Xn-order matrix arrangement of the infrared acquisition device and the infrared reflection device, realizes comprehensive statistics of the information such as the total traffic flow, the traffic flow of the lane, the number of various vehicles, the running direction of the vehicle, the speed of the vehicle, the vehicle detention state and the like, and has comprehensive acquired data and high accuracy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a traffic flow and vehicle speed acquisition device and method based on an infrared matrix.
Background
There are a number of methods for detecting traffic flow, such as: electromagnetic induction device method, acoustic detection system method, laser radar detection method, ultrasonic detection method of traffic information, etc. The speed and the type of the vehicles in the advancing process on the road are always changed, and the traditional flow statistics method has the characteristics of unstable reflected signals, large measurement error, multiple functions, high manufacturing cost and low instrument expansibility and universality. The prior art has the main defects of low cost performance, high cost price for obtaining rich vehicle investigation data and complex structure and principle. And the powerful automobile flow investigation system adopts the investigation system of magnetic induction technology for example, because its main investigation end is buried underground entirely, so the reuse of this instrument is relatively poor, expansibility is also poor, the construction excavation area is big, the influence period is long to road traffic, maintainability is at the bottom.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide the device and the method for acquiring traffic flow and vehicle speed based on the infrared matrix, which adopt lower manufacturing cost, acquire accurate vehicle flow data, realize rich investigation functions, improve the recycling performance of equipment and the expansibility of the equipment and improve the safety and reliability of data transmission.
The aim of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: traffic flow and speed acquisition's device based on infrared matrix, its characterized in that: the device comprises a telescopic bracket, an infrared acquisition device, an infrared reflection device, an on-site microcomputer and a control center; the infrared acquisition device is arranged on the telescopic bracket and is positioned above a lane to be measured, an infrared reflection device matched with the infrared acquisition device is arranged on the lane, the infrared acquisition device and the infrared reflection device are arranged in a matrix form of 3 multiplied by n, and n is the number of lanes; the infrared acquisition device is connected with the on-site microcomputer through a built-in line of the bracket, and the on-site microcomputer is connected with the control center through a wired or wireless network;
the function module of the on-site microcomputer mainly comprises an automobile flow and speed calculation module, a signal time interval recording module and a database module, and the microcomputer is communicated with the control center by taking a wired or wireless network as a transmission medium through a built-in communication component;
the control center comprises a calculation processing server, a display screen, a data storage server and a PC terminal, wherein the calculation processing server is respectively connected with the display screen, the data storage server and the PC terminal, the PC terminal is connected with the display, and the calculation processing server is communicated with the field microcomputer through a communication component by taking a wired or wireless network as a transmission medium.
As a preferable mode, the telescopic bracket is an alloy steel frame and comprises a left bracket and a right bracket, wherein the left bracket comprises a first vertical pipe and a first transverse pipe which are mutually vertical, the first vertical pipe is communicated with the inside of the first transverse pipe, the right bracket comprises a second vertical pipe and a second transverse pipe which are mutually vertical, the inside of the second vertical pipe is communicated with the inside of the second transverse pipe, the first transverse pipe can slide in the inside of the second transverse pipe, a threaded hole is formed in the second transverse pipe, and one end of the first transverse pipe is fixed in the second transverse pipe through a bolt matched with the threaded hole; the first vertical pipe and/or the second vertical pipe comprises at least two sections of sleeves, and the sleeves are fixed through bolts to adjust the size so as to achieve the function of height change.
Preferably, the distance between the infrared acquisition devices or the distance between the infrared reflection devices arranged on each lane is any value between 0.3m and 1.2m, and the end point can be 0.3m or 1.2m.
Preferably, the distance between the infrared acquisition devices or the distance between the infrared reflection devices arranged on each lane is 0.5m.
Preferably, the infrared reflecting device comprises a reflecting sheet and a reflecting container, wherein the reflecting sheet is arranged in the reflecting container, and a high-strength light-transmitting material cover plate is arranged above the reflecting container; the reflection container is arranged in a small pore canal reserved or arranged in the road pavement layer or is positioned and installed temporarily when the road pavement layer is constructed.
Preferably, the infrared reflection device is a liquid gravity type self-leveling device, and the liquid gravity type self-leveling device comprises a light-transmitting material cover plate, a base and a transparent sphere, wherein the transparent sphere is internally provided with a reflection sheet and liquid; the transparent material cover plate forms a cuboid box with the length of 5cm multiplied by 5cm, the base and the transparent sphere with the reflective sheet and the liquid arranged inside are packaged in the cuboid box, and the time level of the reflective sheet is realized through the liquid in the transparent sphere.
Preferably, the reflecting sheet is silver plating sheet or gold foil.
Preferably, the infrared acquisition device integrates a reflective infrared sensor, a filtering module and a signal amplifying module, the filtering module filters out abnormal signals, and the amplifying module amplifies the signals to a range which can be identified by the microcomputer processor.
The traffic flow and vehicle speed acquisition method based on the infrared matrix comprises the following steps:
s1: the infrared acquisition device acquires reflected signals in real time, and an infrared photosensitive element in the device generates alternating voltage signals according to infrared signals with intensity being changed;
s2: the alternating voltage signal is filtered by the filtering module and amplified by the amplifying module, and finally reaches the voltage range which can be identified by the microcomputer processor;
s3: the processor of the on-site microcomputer judges whether the reflected signal is a signal reflected by the reflecting sheet or a signal reflected by the vehicle according to the signal transmitted back by the infrared acquisition device, if the signal is smaller than a specified threshold value, the processor determines that the signal is a vehicle reflected signal, and outputs '1'; when the signal is larger than a specified threshold value, determining that the signal is reflected by the reflecting sheet, and outputting 0;
s4: generating a signal curve with a value of 'non-0' if the signal time-course recording module receives an instruction with a value of '1' of a processor of the microcomputer, otherwise, generating a signal curve with a value of '0';
s5: the signal time interval recording module can calibrate and identify characteristic time t1 to t6 of each non-0 value signal and carry out storage management through the database module, wherein the characteristic time t1, t2 and t3 respectively correspond to the starting time of the non-0 value signal of the 1,2 and 3 sensor; t4, t5, t6 correspond to the end time of the sensor No. 1,2,3 "non-0" value signal;
s6: the processor of the in-situ microcomputer deduces the corresponding analysis result according to the following characteristic parameters:
(1) t1< t2< t3, which indicates that the vehicle is running from the No. 1 collector to the No. 3 collector, otherwise, the directions are opposite, and the infrared ray collecting device counts the vehicle flow once after detecting that the vehicle passes;
(2) When the time that the vehicle passes through the infrared signal area is more than 20s, the vehicle is judged to be the detained vehicle, and when t6-t1<At 20s, the speed of the vehicle entering the infrared detection area is that
The speed leaving the infrared detection area is +.>
The speed of the vehicle can take on an average speed +.>
At this time, the vehicle length l= [ v× (t 6-t 1) -1]；
The vehicles can be roughly divided into 4 types of large-sized vehicles, medium-sized vehicles, small-sized vehicles, micro-vehicles and the like according to the length of the vehicles in advance according to the investigation, so that the recorded length data can be identified as the vehicles of the corresponding type and the number of the vehicles of the type can be counted and stored;
(3) When t6-t1>20s, the vehicle is judged to stay, the road section can be judged that the lane is blocking, the calculated vehicle length cannot be taken as the real length of the vehicle when the vehicle is judged to stay, at the moment, the vehicle length is invalid,
the traffic total flow, the lane dividing flow, the number of various types of vehicles, the running direction of the vehicles, the speed of the vehicles, the vehicle detention state and the road congestion condition can be statistically analyzed through the parameters.
Preferably, the acquisition site microcomputer processes the signals acquired by the infrared acquisition device in real time and then transmits the processed signals to the calculation processing server, the calculation processing server further processes the acquired data transmitted back from each road section, large data analysis and summarization are carried out, and the obtained analysis results such as an automobile flow distribution map, an automobile flow time course curve, urban congestion situations and the like are displayed on a display screen and stored in the data storage server.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the invention utilizes the characteristic of strong infrared ray transmitting and receiving directivity to generate alternating electric signals according to the infrared signals with changed reflection intensity, thereby realizing statistics of information such as vehicle flow, speed and the like. The reflective infrared signal sensor is hung above the road, so that the main acquisition equipment is prevented from being arranged underground, and the infrared reflecting sheet with small size is only arranged in a small pit cut in the road pavement layer when the road pavement layer is constructed or in the road use process, the construction is fast, and the influence on traffic caused by road large-area construction is reduced. In addition, the door type alloy steel frame with adjustable size and the mounting frame which is assembled freely can be used for realizing the device expansion problem during measurement of different lanes, the disassembly is convenient, and the quick and repeated utilization of an infrared acquisition system can be realized. The invention innovatively adopts the 3 Xn-order matrix to arrange the infrared transmitters and the receivers, utilizes fewer infrared devices to realize comprehensive statistics on traffic total flow, lane dividing flow, flow of various vehicle types, vehicle detention state, vehicle speed, vehicle running direction and other information, and has comprehensive data acquisition and high accuracy.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a front view of a field installation of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the field installation of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of the field installation of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a reflective device according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a second schematic diagram of a reflective device according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a hardware system architecture of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the acquisition and analysis flow chart of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a signal timing diagram according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following description.
As shown in fig. 1 to 8, the device for collecting traffic flow and vehicle speed based on infrared matrix is characterized in that: the device comprises a telescopic bracket, an infrared acquisition device, an infrared reflection device, an on-site microcomputer and a control center; the infrared acquisition device is arranged on the telescopic bracket and is positioned above a lane to be measured, an infrared reflection device matched with the infrared acquisition device is arranged on the lane, the infrared acquisition device and the infrared reflection device are arranged in a matrix form of 3 multiplied by n, and n is the number of lanes; the infrared acquisition device is connected with the on-site microcomputer through a built-in line of the bracket, and the on-site microcomputer is connected with the control center through a wired or wireless network;
the main functional modules of the on-site microcomputer comprise an automobile flow and speed calculation module, a signal time interval recording module and a database module, and the microcomputer is communicated with a control center by taking a wired or wireless network as a transmission medium through a built-in communication assembly;
the control center comprises a calculation processing server, a display screen, a data storage server and a PC terminal, wherein the calculation processing server is respectively connected with the display screen, the data storage server and the PC terminal, the PC terminal is connected with the display, and the calculation processing server is communicated with the field microcomputer through a communication component by taking a wired or wireless network as a transmission medium;
the reflective infrared sensor emitting portion emits infrared rays, which are then reflected by the reflective device installed on the road and received by the sensor photosensor. If no vehicle passes, the sensor photosensor will receive an infrared reflected signal with stronger signal transmitted back by the reflecting device; however, when a vehicle passes through, the infrared rays emitted from the emitting portion of the reflective infrared sensor are reflected by the roof of the vehicle, and the infrared signals received by the photosensor of the reflective infrared sensor are relatively weak. Therefore, the invention can adopt lower cost to obtain accurate automobile flow data and realize rich investigation functions; the recycling performance of the equipment and the expansibility of the equipment are improved; the safety and the reliability of data transmission are improved.
Preferably, the telescopic bracket is an alloy steel frame, the telescopic bracket comprises a left bracket and a right bracket, the left bracket comprises a first vertical pipe and a first transverse pipe which are mutually vertical, the first vertical pipe is communicated with the inside of the first transverse pipe, the right bracket comprises a second vertical pipe and a second transverse pipe which are mutually vertical, the inside of the second vertical pipe is communicated with the inside of the second transverse pipe, the first transverse pipe can slide in the inside of the second transverse pipe, a threaded hole is formed in the second transverse pipe, and one end of the first transverse pipe is fixed in the second transverse pipe through a bolt matched with the threaded hole; the first vertical pipe and/or the second vertical pipe comprises at least two sections of sleeves, and the sleeves are fixed through bolts to adjust the size so as to achieve the function of height change.
Preferably, the distance between the infrared ray collecting devices or the distance between the infrared ray reflecting devices arranged on each lane is any value between 0.3m and 1.2m, and the end point can be 0.3m or 1.2m.
Preferably, the distance between the infrared acquisition devices or the distance between the infrared reflection devices arranged on each lane is 0.5m.
Preferably, the infrared reflecting device comprises a reflecting sheet and a reflecting container, wherein the reflecting sheet is arranged in the reflecting container, and a high-strength light-transmitting material cover plate is arranged above the reflecting container; the reflection container is arranged in a small pore canal reserved or arranged in the road pavement layer or is positioned and installed temporarily when the road pavement layer is constructed.
Preferably, the infrared reflection device is a liquid gravity type self-leveling device, and the liquid gravity type self-leveling device comprises a light-transmitting material cover plate, a base and a transparent sphere, wherein the transparent sphere is internally provided with a reflection sheet and liquid; the transparent material cover plate forms a cuboid box with the length of 5cm multiplied by 5cm, the base and the transparent sphere with the reflective sheet and the liquid arranged inside are packaged in the cuboid box, and the time level of the reflective sheet is realized through the liquid in the transparent sphere.
Preferably, the reflecting sheet is a silver-plated sheet or a gold foil.
Preferably, the infrared acquisition device integrates a reflective infrared sensor, a filtering module and a signal amplifying module, the filtering module filters out abnormal signals, the amplifying module amplifies the signals to a range which can be identified by a microcomputer processor, and then the signals are transmitted to a microcomputer (packaged in a field distribution box) beside the alloy steel frame through a signal transmission line (arranged inside the alloy steel frame).
The traffic flow and vehicle speed acquisition method based on the infrared matrix comprises the following steps:
s1: the infrared acquisition device acquires reflected signals in real time, and an infrared photosensitive element in the device generates alternating voltage signals according to infrared signals with intensity being changed;
s2: the alternating voltage signal is filtered by the filtering module and amplified by the amplifying module, and finally reaches the voltage range which can be identified by the microcomputer processor;
s3: the processor of the on-site microcomputer judges whether the reflected signal is a signal reflected by the reflecting sheet or a signal reflected by the vehicle according to the signal transmitted back by the infrared acquisition device, if the signal is smaller than a specified threshold value, the processor determines that the signal is a vehicle reflected signal, and outputs '1'; when the signal is larger than a specified threshold value, determining that the signal is reflected by the reflecting sheet, and outputting 0;
s4: generating a signal curve with a value of 'non-0' if the signal time-course recording module receives an instruction with a value of '1' of a processor of the microcomputer, otherwise, generating a signal curve with a value of '0';
s5: the signal time interval recording module can calibrate and identify characteristic time t1 to t6 of each non-0 value signal and carry out storage management through the database module, wherein the characteristic time t1, t2 and t3 respectively correspond to the starting time of the non-0 value signal of the 1,2 and 3 sensor; t4, t5, t6 correspond to the end time of the sensor No. 1,2,3 "non-0" value signal;
s6: the processor of the in-situ microcomputer deduces the corresponding analysis result according to the following characteristic parameters:
(1) t1< t2< t3, which indicates that the vehicle is running from the No. 1 collector to the No. 3 collector, otherwise, the directions are opposite, and the infrared ray collecting device counts the vehicle flow once after detecting that the vehicle passes;
(2) When the time that the vehicle passes through the infrared signal area is more than 20s, the vehicle is judged to be the detained vehicle, and when t6-t1<At 20s, the speed of the vehicle entering the infrared detection area is that
The speed leaving the infrared detection area is +.>
The speed of the vehicle can take on an average speed +.>
At this time, the vehicle length l= [ v× (t 6-t 1) -1]；
The vehicles can be roughly divided into 4 types of large-sized vehicles, medium-sized vehicles, small-sized vehicles, micro-vehicles and the like according to the length of the vehicles in advance according to the investigation, so that the recorded length data can be identified as the vehicles of the corresponding type and the number of the vehicles of the type can be counted and stored;
(3) When t6-t1>20s, the vehicle is judged to stay, the road section can be judged that the lane is blocking, the calculated vehicle length cannot be taken as the real length of the vehicle when the vehicle is judged to stay, at the moment, the vehicle length is invalid,
the traffic total flow, the lane dividing flow, the number of various types of vehicles, the running direction of the vehicles, the speed of the vehicles, the vehicle detention state and the road congestion condition can be statistically analyzed through the parameters.
Preferably, the acquisition site microcomputer processes the signals acquired by the infrared acquisition device in real time and then transmits the processed signals to the calculation processing server, the calculation processing server further processes the acquired data transmitted back from each road section, large data analysis and summarization are carried out, and the obtained analysis results such as an automobile flow distribution map, an automobile flow time course curve, urban congestion situations and the like are displayed on a display screen and stored in the data storage server.
The in-situ microcomputer and power distribution system is enclosed in a power distribution box beside the alloy steel frame as shown in fig. 3. The processor is connected with the control center through wireless or wired communication mode. And the on-site microcomputer and the control center adopt a handshake protocol for information transmission, so that the safety and reliability of information transmission are ensured. The principle is as follows: among the TCP/IP protocols, the TCP protocol provides reliable connection services, and a connection is established using a three-way handshake. Firstly, A sends SYN (synchronous request) to B, then B replies SYN+ACK (synchronous request response), and finally A replies ACK acknowledgement, so that a one-time connection (three-time handshake) process of TCP is established, the three-time handshake is completed, and the on-site microcomputer and the control center computing server start to transmit data.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: the time in the field microcomputer of the invention is synchronously calibrated with the time of the control center, a reflective infrared sensor is adopted, and an infrared transmitter and an infrared photosensitive element are arranged in the sensor and are respectively responsible for transmitting and receiving infrared rays. When a vehicle passes through, infrared signals reflected by the high infrared reflecting sheet can be blocked, the infrared sensing element generates alternating voltage signals according to the infrared signals with intensity being changed, the alternating voltage signals are filtered by a filtering module in the infrared acquisition device and then amplified by a signal amplifying module, and finally, the voltage range which can be identified by a microcomputer processor is achieved. The microcomputer processor judges and processes the signals transmitted back by the acquisition device, if the data is smaller than a specified threshold value, the signals are determined to be vehicles, and a '1' is output; when the data is greater than the prescribed threshold, no car is present, outputting a "0". And then the processor can perform time-course analysis on the signals through a related algorithm and a related functional module realized by preprogramming, generate a signal time-course curve, calculate and count the vehicle flow and speed information, and store and manage the processed data through a database. And finally, the on-site microcomputer gathers the data to the control center in a wired or wireless mode through the communication component (the handshake protocol is adopted for information transmission, so that the reliability of the information transmission is improved).
The invention utilizes the characteristic of strong infrared emission and receiving directivity, and the infrared acquisition device generates a high-voltage signal under the condition of no shielding, otherwise generates a low-voltage signal. And judging whether a vehicle passes or not according to the alternating voltage signals, and then counting. According to the invention, the electric signals with the height change are generated according to the continuous infrared signals, so that statistics on information such as vehicle flow and speed is realized. The reflective infrared signal sensor is hung above the road, so that the main acquisition equipment is prevented from being arranged underground, and the infrared reflecting sheet with small size is only arranged in a small pit cut in the road pavement layer when the road pavement layer is constructed or in the road use process, the size is about 5cm multiplied by 5cm, the construction period is short, and the influence on traffic caused by road large-area construction is reduced. In addition, the door type alloy steel frame with adjustable size and the mounting frame which is assembled freely can be used for realizing the device expansion problem in the detection of different lanes, the disassembly is convenient, and the quick and repeated utilization of an infrared acquisition system can be realized. The invention innovatively adopts the 3 Xn-order matrix to arrange the infrared transmitters and the receivers, utilizes fewer infrared devices to realize comprehensive statistics on the information such as the total traffic flow, the traffic lane flow, the number of various types of vehicles, the running direction of the vehicles, the speed of the vehicles, the vehicle detention state, the road congestion condition and the like, and has comprehensive data acquisition and high accuracy.
In summary, the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the invention, the freely adjustable alloy portal steel frame is adopted to fixedly suspend the reflective infrared sensor at the top of the lane, the data acquisition is realized by utilizing the infrared reflection principle, large-scale signal acquisition equipment and related transmission lines are not required to be buried and arranged in the road, and the influence on road traffic is reduced; the flow statistics and the vehicle speed acquisition of each lane are respectively realized, and the accuracy is high; the system formed by the door type alloy framework and the corresponding sensor is convenient to expand and disassemble, and has high reusability and high installation efficiency.
2. The infrared transmitters and the infrared receivers are arranged in a matrix form of 3×n, so that the collection and statistics of information such as total flow, lane dividing flow, different types of vehicle flow, vehicle speed, vehicle running direction, vehicle detention condition and the like are realized.
3. The road surface reflector is well packaged, a self-leveling technology is adopted, and the effect of protecting the reflector well is achieved through packaging, so that the road surface reflector is waterproof and damage-proof. The self-leveling technology avoids deflection of the reflecting mirror caused by deformation of the pavement layer under the action of vehicle load, and ensures good infrared reflection effect.
Compared with the existing infrared automobile flow collection technology, the invention does not need to lay complex transmission lines and collection instruments in the road, and has smaller influence on road traffic during installation and lower manufacturing cost. The infrared sensor is integrated and modularized, the structure is more systematic, the instrument is convenient to install and disassemble, and the alloy steel frame has the function of adjusting the size, so that the infrared sensor can be conveniently used for expanding different lane numbers. The invention realizes the separate collection of the traffic flow of the bisection lane, the collection data is more accurate, and the collection content of the data is more abundant. The data communication between the acquisition end and the upper computer is safer and more reliable, and the data is not lost.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiment of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. The traffic flow and vehicle speed acquisition method based on the infrared matrix is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
adopt the traffic flow and device that the speed of a motor vehicle gathered based on infrared matrix: comprises a telescopic bracket, an infrared acquisition device, an infrared reflection device, an on-site microcomputer and a control center; the infrared acquisition device is arranged on the telescopic bracket and is positioned above a lane to be measured, an infrared reflection device matched with the infrared acquisition device is arranged on the lane, the infrared acquisition device and the infrared reflection device are arranged in a matrix form of 3 multiplied by n, and n is the number of lanes; the infrared acquisition device is connected with the on-site microcomputer through a built-in line of the bracket, and the on-site microcomputer is connected with the control center through a wired or wireless network; the function module of the on-site microcomputer mainly comprises an automobile flow and speed calculation module, a signal time interval recording module and a database module, and the microcomputer is communicated with the control center by taking a wired or wireless network as a transmission medium through a built-in communication component;
the telescopic support is an alloy steel frame and comprises a left support and a right support, the left support comprises a first vertical pipe and a first transverse pipe which are perpendicular to each other, the first vertical pipe is communicated with the inside of the first transverse pipe, the right support comprises a second vertical pipe and a second transverse pipe which are perpendicular to each other, the inside of the second vertical pipe is communicated with the inside of the second transverse pipe, the first transverse pipe can slide in the inside of the second transverse pipe, a threaded hole is formed in the second transverse pipe, and one end of the first transverse pipe is fixed in the second transverse pipe through a bolt matched with the threaded hole; the first vertical pipe and/or the second vertical pipe comprises at least two sections of sleeves, and the sleeves are fixed through bolts to adjust the size so as to achieve the function of height change;
the control center comprises a calculation processing server, a display screen, a data storage server and a PC terminal, wherein the calculation processing server is respectively connected with the display screen, the data storage server and the PC terminal, the PC terminal is connected with the display, and the calculation processing server is communicated with the field microcomputer through a communication component by taking a wired or wireless network as a transmission medium;
the infrared acquisition device is integrated with a reflective infrared sensor, a filtering module and a signal amplifying module, wherein the filtering module filters abnormal signals, and the amplifying module amplifies the signals to a range which can be identified by a microcomputer processor;
the acquisition method comprises the following steps:
s1: the infrared acquisition device acquires reflected signals in real time, and an infrared photosensitive element in the device generates alternating voltage signals according to infrared signals with intensity being changed; the infrared acquisition device comprises a No. 1 infrared acquisition device, a No. 2 infrared acquisition device and a No. 3 infrared acquisition device which are arranged at intervals along the running direction of the vehicle, wherein the three acquisition devices are respectively integrated with a No. 1 reflective infrared sensor, a No. 2 reflective infrared sensor and a No. 3 reflective infrared sensor correspondingly;
s2: the alternating voltage signal is filtered by the filtering module and amplified by the amplifying module, and finally reaches the voltage range which can be identified by the microcomputer processor;
s3: the processor of the on-site microcomputer judges whether the reflected signal is a signal reflected by the reflecting sheet or a signal reflected by the vehicle according to the signal transmitted back by the infrared acquisition device, and when the signal is smaller than a specified threshold value, the processor determines that the signal is a vehicle reflected signal and outputs '1'; when the signal is larger than a specified threshold value, determining that the signal is reflected by the reflecting sheet, and outputting 0;
s4: generating a signal curve with a value of 'non-0' if the signal time-course recording module receives an instruction with a value of '1' of a processor of the microcomputer, otherwise, generating a signal curve with a value of '0';
s5: the signal time interval recording module can calibrate and identify characteristic time t1 to t6 of each non-0 value signal and carry out storage management through the database module, wherein the characteristic time t1, t2 and t3 respectively correspond to the starting time of the non-0 value signal of the 1,2 and 3 reflective infrared sensor; t4, t5, t6 correspond to the end time of the "non-0" value signal of the reflective infrared sensor No. 1,2, 3;
s6: the processor of the in-situ microcomputer deduces the corresponding analysis result according to the following characteristic parameters:
(1) t1< t2< t3, which indicates that the vehicle is running from the No. 1 infrared acquisition device to the No. 3 infrared acquisition device, otherwise, the directions are opposite, and the infrared acquisition device counts the traffic once after detecting that the vehicle passes;
(2) When the time that the vehicle passes through the infrared signal area is more than 20s, the vehicle is judged to be a detained vehicle, and when t6-t1<20s, the speed that the vehicle runs into the infrared detection area is
The speed of leaving the infrared detection area is
The speed of the vehicle may take the form of an average speed
Length of the vehicle at this time
L＝[V×(t6-t1)-1]；
(3) When t6-t1>20s, the vehicle is judged to stay, the road section can be judged that the lane is blocked, the calculated vehicle length cannot be used as the real length of the vehicle when the vehicle is judged to stay, the vehicle length is invalid at the moment, and the total traffic flow, the lane dividing flow, the vehicle running direction, the vehicle speed, the vehicle stay state and the road congestion can be statistically analyzed through the parameters.
2. The method for traffic flow and vehicle speed acquisition based on an infrared matrix according to claim 1, wherein: the acquisition site microcomputer processes the signals acquired by the infrared acquisition device in real time and then transmits the processed signals to the calculation processing server, the calculation processing server further processes the acquired data transmitted back from each road section, the large data analysis and summarization are carried out, the obtained analysis results are displayed on a display screen and stored in the data storage server, and the analysis results comprise an automobile flow distribution map, an automobile flow time course curve and urban congestion conditions.
3. The method for traffic flow and vehicle speed acquisition based on an infrared matrix according to claim 1, wherein: the distance between the infrared acquisition devices or the distance between the infrared reflection devices arranged on each lane are any value between 0.3m and 1.2m, and the end point can be 0.3m or 1.2m.
4. A method of traffic flow and vehicle speed acquisition based on an infrared matrix according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: the distance between the infrared acquisition devices or the distance between the infrared reflection devices arranged on each lane is 0.5m.
5. The method for traffic flow and vehicle speed acquisition based on an infrared matrix according to claim 1, wherein: the infrared reflection device comprises a reflection sheet and a reflection container, wherein the reflection sheet is arranged in the reflection container, and a high-strength light-transmitting material cover plate is arranged above the reflection container; the reflection container is arranged in a small pore canal reserved or arranged in the road pavement layer or is positioned and installed temporarily when the road pavement layer is constructed.
6. The method for traffic flow and vehicle speed acquisition based on an infrared matrix according to claim 1, wherein: the infrared reflection device is a liquid gravity type self-leveling device, and the liquid gravity type self-leveling device comprises a light-transmitting material cover plate, a base and a transparent sphere, wherein the transparent sphere is internally provided with a reflection sheet and liquid, and the transparent sphere is arranged on the base; the transparent material cover plate forms a cuboid box with the length of 5cm multiplied by 5cm, the base and the transparent sphere with the reflective sheet and the liquid arranged inside are packaged in the cuboid box, and the time level of the reflective sheet is realized through the liquid in the transparent sphere.
7. The method for traffic flow and vehicle speed acquisition based on an infrared matrix according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: the reflecting sheet is silver plating sheet or gold foil.
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