CN106353373B - A kind of medical concentration of saline fog detection device and calculation method - Google Patents
A kind of medical concentration of saline fog detection device and calculation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106353373B CN106353373B CN201610661841.6A CN201610661841A CN106353373B CN 106353373 B CN106353373 B CN 106353373B CN 201610661841 A CN201610661841 A CN 201610661841A CN 106353373 B CN106353373 B CN 106353373B
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
- G01N27/22—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating capacitance
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of medical concentration of saline fog detection device and calculation methods, including capacitive array sensor, data acquisition control system, image reconstruction host computer, capacitive array sensor is arranged in medical salt fog delivery pipe, and the variation of sensor output capacitance is converted into for the variation by concentration of saline fog；Data acquisition control system is connect with image reconstruction host computer, the capacitor of medical salt fog is detected for controlling capacitive array sensor, and convert digital quantity for capacitor and send in image reconstruction host computer；Image reconstruction host computer reconstructs the concentration of saline fog distributed image in delivery pipe by capacitance chromatography imaging image reconstruction algorithm, and detects calculation method by the concentration of saline fog and calculate concentration of saline fog.Have the characteristics that precision height, high sensitivity, anti-stray capacitance ability are strong, highly-safe, real-time is good.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to medicinal detection device technical field, it is related to a kind of medical concentration of saline fog detection device and calculating side
Method.
Background technique
Vaporizer is to belong to medical instrument applied to a kind of equipment for treating various upper respiratory diseases.Atomization is inhaled
Entering treatment is a kind of important and effective treatment method in respiratory system treatment, using vaporizer by medical fluid or
Person's medicinal powder is atomized into molecule, and drug enters respiratory tract and pulmonary deposition by way of breathing sucking, thus reach it is painless,
The purpose effectively treated rapidly.
The conveying of atomizer is mostly gas-particle two-phase streaming system.Since gas-particle two-phase streaming system list is still difficult to from theoretical angle
It explains its complexity and randomness, and theoretical research be unable to do without the verifying of test, therefore, to see clearly phenomenon, obtain concept, build
Formwork erection type, first have to solve is exactly the test problems of multiphase flow parameter.
The complexity of Dual-Phrase Distribution of Gas olid flowing so that measuring technique is faced with many difficulties, is mainly reflected in following
Aspect: 1) non-uniform solid concentration distribution；2) gas/solid two phase flow pattern diversification leads to irregular VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION；3) particle
Size and shape change greatly, and particle size generally changes in several microns to several cm ranges, and the shape thousand of particle becomes ten thousand
Change, is difficult appropriate classify；4) chemical component is different, for many un-throttled formula sensors, such as electrostatic, capacitor, microwave
Sensor etc., the chemical constituent of solid particle can all influence its performance.
Other than factors mentioned above, other factors may also influence Dual-Phrase Distribution of Gas olid detection performance, as particle exists
Precipitating degree of measuring section insides of pipes etc..Control and predict that these factors are impossible, and certain factors are in transfer tube
Variation range is bigger when road difference and solid material type difference.The shadows such as complexity, randomness in view of Gas-solid Two-phase Flow
The factor of sound is more, and therefore, gas-solid diphasic stream parameter detection difficulty is very big.Although having done a large amount of research work both at home and abroad at present
Make, but so far, the multiphase flow phase concentration detection device of commercialization is that number is seldom, and major part is also in laboratory research and opens
The hair stage.
Currently, gas-solid two is flowed there are mainly four types of solid concentration measurement method of parameters: the first is electric method, and electric method is main
Including capacitance method and electrostatic method etc.；Second is damped method, and damped method mainly includes Electromagnetic Wave Method and sonic method etc.；The third side
Method is chromatography layer phase method；Fourth method is resonance method, and resonance method mainly includes nuclear magnetic resonance method.
Capacitance method is a kind of non-intrusion measurement method, does not influence flow field, has of simple structure and low cost, performance valence
Lattice than it is good, be easily installed, sensor fast response time, real-time are good, applied widely the advantages that.But the disadvantage in practice
It is between measurement capacitance and phase concentration is not one-to-one linear relationship, and the relationship between parameter is intricate, difficult
Directly to be described with analytic expression；The measured value of capacitor leads to biggish measurement error vulnerable to mutually distribution and the influence of variations in flow patterns
Deng.
Charge method has high sensitivity, is concerned only with the particle of movement, the particle being deposited on tube wall does not influence it.But
It is charge method is a kind of intrusive measurement method, having will affect flow field, is easy the transmission of obstruction conveying object and easily causes accumulation
The disadvantages of.
Attenuation method range is wide, spatial resolution is high, but structural device is complicated, expensive, and improper application is easy to produce
Radiation leakage is easy to damage patient.
Resonance method also belongs to non-contact measurement, is suitable for measurement corrosivity and easy polymeric material and precision is higher, but
With structure is complicated, at high cost, it is less economical the disadvantages of.
Chromatography layer phase method is the technology of a kind of non-intrusion type, rapid survey, can Real time displaying convey granules in pipe concentration
Distribution.But similarly has the shortcomings that itself, i.e. measurement field is a soft field.
Existing gas-solid parameter detection device, such as: 2008 Nian Liushi et al. utilize a kind of eddy flow concentration device (patent application
Number 200810240476.7), it by dilute gas-solid two-phase flow after eddy flow concentration, is measured using capacitance chromatography imaging measurement method
The parameters such as the concentration of Dual-Phrase Distribution of Gas olid, structure is simple, and calibration is convenient, but since what is finally measured is become larger after swirl-flow devices
The Dual-Phrase Distribution of Gas olid of concentration is not suitable for the medical salt fog that concentration can be changed with conditions such as patient body condition, severity extent, safeties
Salt fog measurement in delivery pipe；2011 Nian Liushi et al. are become using the powder dielectric coefficient that dielectric coefficient measure of the change electrode provides
Change signal, the data of step measurement electrode is corrected, to make more accurate reconstruction (number of patent application to bulk material spatial distribution
201110066957.2), dielectric coefficient measure of the change belongs to contact type measurement, and measuring electrode is easy to be damaged, and stream field has
Certain influence；2012 Nian Yangdao industry et al. are applying for a patent Twin-array-type capacitive transducer and gas solid two-phase flow detection method thereof
The non-uniform feature of double capacitive array sensor adjacent plate sensitivity is utilized in (number of patent application 201210258938.4),
Rebuild the phase concentration distribution in two sections inside pipeline；Cui Ziqiang in 2013 et al. is being applied for a patent with Double layer rotating electrode
Will test in capacitance tomography sensor (number of patent application 201310420106.2) electrode invest rotation tube wall on, can from appoint
Meaning angle measurement capacitance, it is excessive that there are calculation amounts, the disadvantage of real-time difference；2013 Nian Wanghui are in a kind of medical salt fog measurement and control instrument
And pass through driving step motor control spiral transferring in concentration of saline fog quantitative control methodin (number of patent application 201310561189.7)
Device is sent, salt fines are delivered to atomizing cup through circular pipe from feeding chamber, conveying medicinal powder, drug delivery amount can also quantitatively can be adjusted on demand at any time
Whole function.But air compressor is difficult to make the medicinal powder of conveyance conduit uniformly to convey, and calculates simply by approaches uniformity, exists
The low disadvantage of measurement accuracy.Ma Changyuan in 2015 is (special in a kind of vaporizer concentration of saline fog detection sensor and detection method
Sharp application number 201510205148.3) in using semiconductor laser as light source sending laser irradiation in airflow channel to
It surveys on salt fog, then scattering light through optical lens convergence processing detects concentration of saline fog.But laser irradiation salt fog particle occurs to dissipate
When penetrating, it be easy to cause same particle by Multiple Scattering light detection, and the particle having will appear the case where being blocked missing inspection, thus
Cause the disadvantage that measurement error is big.
In short, the features such as that there are real-times is poor for existing gas-solid parameter detection device, and sensitivity is low, and precision is low, and error is big.
It is suitble to the concentration of saline fog detection device in medical salt fog delivery pipe also fewer, detection device needs to have high-precision, Gao Ling
The features such as sensitivity, anti-stray capacitance ability is strong, highly-safe, real-time is high.
Summary of the invention
Shortage and prior art safety for concentration of saline fog detection device in current medical salt fog delivery pipe be low,
The deficiencies of real-time is poor, sensitivity is low, precision is low, error is big, the present invention provide a kind of precision height, high sensitivity, anti-stray electrical
Appearance ability strong, highly-safe, real-time is good medical concentration of saline fog detection device and calculation method.
The present invention achieves the above technical objects by the following technical means.
A kind of concentration of saline fog detection device in medical salt fog delivery pipe, which is characterized in that including capacitive array sensor,
Data acquisition control system, image reconstruction host computer,
Capacitive array sensor is arranged in medical salt fog delivery pipe, for converting sensor for the variation of concentration of saline fog
The variation of output capacitance；
The capacitive array sensor includes array of measure electrodes, semiellipse ring shielding electrode, shielding case, the measurement
Electrod-array 8 is affixed on the outside for being tested medical salt fog delivery pipe in a manner of circumference uniform distribution, passes through cable and data acquisition control system
System connection；Semiellipse ring shielding electrode sleeve is in medical salt fog delivery pipe and is located at array of measure electrodes two sides, semiellipse ring
The height of shape bucking electrode is higher than measuring electrode thickness；The shielding case is fixed in medical salt fog delivery pipe and will measurement electricity
Pole array and semiellipse ring shielding electrode packet are attached in the space that it is constituted with the delivery pipe；
Data acquisition control system is connect with image reconstruction host computer, detects medical salt for controlling capacitive array sensor
The capacitor of mist, and convert digital quantity for capacitor and send in image reconstruction host computer；
Image reconstruction host computer reconstructs the concentration of saline fog in delivery pipe point by capacitance chromatography imaging image reconstruction algorithm
Cloth image, and calculation method is detected by the concentration of saline fog and calculates concentration of saline fog.
Preferably, the data acquisition control system includes power module, plate channels selecting module, capacitor/voltage (C/
V) conversion module, single chip control unit,
The power module is used to provide electricity to C/V conversion module, plate channels selecting module, single chip control unit
Source；
The plate channels selecting module is connect with the array of measure electrodes sensor, for controlling the measuring electrode
The state of each electrode in sensor array；Make a pair of of pole plate in array of measure electrodes by plate channels selecting module
Respectively pole plate and Detection electrode, other ten pole plates is motivated to be in ground state, concentration of saline fog is reflected by capacitance measurement
Information, transfer signals on C/V conversion module；
The C/V conversion module, for converting voltage value for the small electric capacitance between pole plate；
The single chip control unit is connected by asynchronous serial port with host computer, and controlling plate channel selecting module is used for,
And analog voltage signal is converted into digital voltage signal, and be transmitted to the host computer.
Preferably, the array of measure electrodes is made of 12 pole pieces, and wherein Electrode opening angle is 20 °, interelectrode interval
Angle is 10 °, and all electrodes are distributed on the outside of isolated pipe, and electrode surface is parallel with outer wall surface, and the axial length of electrode is insulation
0.5 times of internal diameter of the pipeline, using the copper foil of 2mm thickness, surface plating insulating layer.
Preferably, the semiellipse ring shielding electrode is made of copper, highly 4 times for measuring electrode thickness, width
For 1cm, the axial distance with array of measure electrodes is 3mm.
Preferably, the shielding case is made of the copper foil of 2mm thickness, and axial length is 0.8 times of the inner diameter of delivery tube,
With at a distance from the conveying pipe outer wall be 1.2cm.
The detection method of the concentration of saline fog detection device, which comprises the following steps:
(1) data acquisition control system is connect with image reconstruction host computer, for controlling capacitive array sensor detection doctor
With the capacitor of salt fog, and digital quantity is converted by capacitor and is sent in image reconstruction host computer；
(2) image reconstruction host computer reconstructs the concentration of saline fog in delivery pipe by capacitance chromatography imaging image reconstruction algorithm
Distributed image:
(2.1) the problem of image reconstruction problem being interpreted as a kind of optimal solution defines an objective function,
Wherein: C is normalization capacitance measurement value matrix, C=SG；S is normalization sensitivity matrix；What G was represented is normalizing
Dielectric constant distribution matrix after change, i.e. grey scale pixel value in image reconstruction；
Since S is not square matrix, inverse matrix S-It is not present, so direct solution can not be carried out to it, by asking
Solve the transposed matrix S of STTo replace inverse matrix S-, and then the approximation of G is sought,
G=STC
(2.2) based on the thought of regularization, preconditioning matrix is chosen, regularization factors κ is determined；
G0What is represented is initial value, is set as 0, defines iterative formula:
Gk+1=Gk+αkDST(C-SGk)+βk(Gk-Gk-1)
Wherein αk、βkFor step-length, k indicates time the number of iterations；
Enable D=(STS+κI)-1, indicate preconditioning matrix, the size of regularization factors κ takes between 0.5 to 1, and I represents single
Position battle array；
(2.3) it is solved using a series of measurement voltage values of data acquisition control system acquisition by iterative formula optimal
Solve GkValue completes image reconstruction；
(3) concentration of saline fog in the delivery pipe is calculated:
Firstly, host computer represents salt fog to image binaryzation conversion process, black is rebuild, use 0 is indicated.White represents gas
Body, use 1 indicate；According to image binaryzation conversion process as a result, acquiring the total s of black picture element in bianry imageIt is black totalAnd total picture
Plain sAlways；
Then, using black in reconstruction image/total pixel ratio, the salt fog instantaneous concentration C in delivery pipe is obtainedWink
Secondly, calculating separately to obtain each instantaneous concentration, C according to the N width image of reconstruction per secondWink 1, CWink 2,...CWink i,
...CWink N；
Finally, carrying out average computation to each instantaneous concentration of saline fog, average concentration of saline fog C is obtainedIt is average
Preferably, the regularization factors κ takes 0.8.
Preferably, further comprising the steps of in step (2):
Construct least square function J (Gk+1), constraint condition is served as, optimal step size α is obtainedk'、βk', to accelerate convergence rate
And less the number of iterations,
Local derviation is asked to J and it is enabled to be equal to zero:
Obtain optimal step size αk'、βk':
Wherein: l=(C-SGk)TDSST
ΔGk=Gk-Gk-1。
Medical concentration of saline fog detection device and calculation method of the present invention have the advantages that
1) present apparatus is higher than the semiellipse ring shielding electrode of measuring electrode thickness using height, so that significantly more efficient keep away
The edge effect for having exempted from array of measure electrodes two sides, improves the uniformity of measuring electrode field distribution, and then improves sensing
The sensitivity of device and precision have simultaneously saved copper sheet material.Make device that there is high-precision, Gao Mindu, anti-stray capacitance ability is strong, peace
The features such as Quan Xinggao.
2) a kind of capacitance chromatography imaging image reconstruction algorithm is provided, regularization factors are introduced, and analyzes optimization step
It is long, it is enhanced for convergency factor, and its convergence stability and convergence rate have significant raising, finally mention
High image reconstruction quality, the features such as increasing real-time, the precision of detection device detection.
3) using black in reconstruction image/total pixel ratio, the instantaneous concentration of saline fog in delivery pipe is calculated, and right
The concentration of saline fog that each instantaneous multiple image acquires is averaged.Calculation method has speed fast, feature with high accuracy.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is concentration of saline fog detection device schematic diagram in medical salt fog delivery pipe of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is medical salt fog conveying insulation tube and detection sensor installation diagram of the invention.
Fig. 3 is medical salt fog delivery pipe and detection capacitance sensor schematic cross-section of the invention.
Fig. 4 is data acquistion and control system structural block diagram of the invention.
Fig. 5 is that concentration of saline fog detects calculation method flow chart in medical salt fog delivery pipe of the invention.
In figure,
1- image reconstruction host computer；2- data acquisition control system；The medical salt fog delivery pipe of 3-；4- capacitor array sensing
Device；5- suction nozzle；6- shielding case；7- semiellipse ring shielding electrode；8- array of measure electrodes.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be further explained with reference to the attached drawings and specific examples, but protection scope of the present invention is simultaneously
It is without being limited thereto.
As shown in Figure 1, medical salt fog conveying device includes cylinder isolated pipe 3, suction nozzle 5.Medical salt of the present invention
In concentration of saline fog detection device in mist delivery pipe 3, including capacitive array sensor 4, data acquisition control system 2, image reconstruction
Position machine 1.Capacitive array sensor 4 is arranged in medical salt fog delivery pipe 3, for converting sensor for the variation of concentration of saline fog
The variation of output capacitance.
As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, the capacitive array sensor 4 includes array of measure electrodes 8, semiellipse ring shielding electrode
7, shielding case 6, the array of measure electrodes 8 is affixed on the outside for being tested medical salt fog delivery pipe 3 in a manner of circumference uniform distribution, by same
Shaft cable is connect with data acquisition control system 2.The array of measure electrodes 8 is made of 12 pole pieces, and wherein Electrode opening angle is
20 °, interelectrode angular interval is 10 °, and all electrodes are distributed on the outside of isolated pipe, and electrode surface is parallel with outer wall surface, electrode
Axial length be 0.5 times of isolated pipe internal diameter, using the copper foil of 2mm thickness, surface plating insulating layer.Semiellipse ring shielding
7 sets of electrode in medical salt fog delivery pipe 3 and positioned at 8 two sides of array of measure electrodes, the height of semiellipse ring shielding electrode 7
Higher than measuring electrode thickness.The semiellipse ring shielding electrode 7 is made of copper, and the height used is measuring electrode thickness
4 times, width is 1 ㎝, is enclosed around cylinder isolated pipe 3 one, the axial distance with array of measure electrodes 8 is 3mm.The shielding case 6
Be fixed in medical salt fog delivery pipe 3 and by array of measure electrodes 8 and semiellipse ring shielding electrode 7 packet be attached to its with it is described
In the space that delivery pipe 3 is constituted.6 axial length of shielding case is 0.8 times of 3 internal diameter of cylinder isolated pipe, is insulated with cylinder
Distance outside spiral conveying tube 3 is 1.2 ㎝, is made of the copper foil of 2mm thickness.
Data acquisition control system 2 is connect by asynchronous serial port with image reconstruction host computer 1, is passed for controlling capacitor array
Sensor 4 detects the capacitor of medical salt fog, and converts digital quantity for capacitor and send in image reconstruction host computer 1.Such as Fig. 4 institute
Show, the data acquisition control system 2 includes single chip control unit, plate channels selecting module, C/V conversion module, power supply
Module.The single chip control unit is the core of entire measuring system, using the 16 of the production of Taiwan Ling Yang Science and Technology Ltd.
Position SPCE061A single-chip microcontroller is used as control core, provides to plate channels selecting module and controls signal, and by analog voltage signal
Digital voltage signal is converted to, is communicated by universal asynchronous serial and host computer 1.
The plate channels selecting module is connect with the detecting electrode array, including excitation switching part, detection switching
Part and ground connection switching part, select a multiway analog switch MAX338 and 4 DG201 to be made using two panels eight.The C/V conversion
Module converts phase for the small electric capacitance between pole plate using the general small capacitance detection chip MS3110 of Highgrade integration
The voltage value answered only carries out a charge and discharge to measured capacitance, the measurement to capacitor can be completed.General small capacitance reads core
Piece MS3110, it is the capacitance measurement circuit based on charge amplification principle, passes through the volume to each register in the inside MS3110
Measurement of the Cheng Shixian to capacitor is connected to the CS2IN pin of MS3110 the output of excitation switching part, the CSCOM of MS3110
Pin is connected to the output of detection switching part, and the output valve of MS3110 is direct current signal.The power module, is given by regulated power supply
Single chip control unit, plate channels selecting module, C/V conversion module provide the voltage of 5v, and drop by 1117 voltage stabilizing chips
It is depressed into 2.5v and finally divides to 2.25v and provide reference voltage to C/V conversion module, it is logical to pole plate to be depressed into 15v by LM2575 times
The ground connection switching part of road selecting module provides 15v voltage.
The host computer 1 is configured with RS232 standard serial interface COM, is passed through serial line interface using Lenovo Yangtian T498O
Receive a series of measurement voltage values that single-chip microcontroller is sent.Image reconstruction host computer 1 passes through capacitance chromatography imaging image reconstruction algorithm
The concentration of saline fog distributed image in delivery pipe 3 is reconstructed, and calculation method is detected by the concentration of saline fog and calculates concentration of saline fog.
In medical salt fog delivery pipe 3 of the present invention concentration of saline fog detection calculation method process as shown in figure 5,
Firstly, data acquisition control system 2 is connect with image reconstruction host computer 1, examined for controlling capacitive array sensor 4
The capacitor of medical salt fog is surveyed, and converts digital quantity for capacitor and sends in image reconstruction host computer 1.
Then, image reconstruction host computer 1 reconstructs the salt fog in delivery pipe 3 by capacitance chromatography imaging image reconstruction algorithm
Concentration distribution image.The process of image reconstruction is as follows:
(1) the problem of image reconstruction problem being interpreted as a kind of optimal solution defines an objective function,
Wherein: C is normalization capacitance measurement value matrix, C=SG；S is normalization sensitivity matrix；What G was represented is normalizing
Dielectric constant distribution matrix after change, i.e. grey scale pixel value in image reconstruction；
Since S is not square matrix, inverse matrix S-It is not present, so direct solution can not be carried out to it, by asking
Solve the transposed matrix S of STTo replace inverse matrix S-, and then the approximation of G is sought,
G=STC
(2) based on the thought of regularization, preconditioning matrix is chosen, regularization factors κ is determined；
G0What is represented is initial value, is set as 0, defines iterative formula:
Gk+1=Gk+αkDST(C-SGk)+βk(Gk-Gk-1)
Wherein αk、βkFor step-length, k indicates time the number of iterations；
Enable D=(STS+κI)-1, indicate preconditioning matrix, the size of regularization factors κ takes between 0.5 to 1, usually takes
0.8；I represents unit matrix；
In order to avoid when algorithm iteration number is more than a certain upper limit value, value just no longer restrains, and is in divergent state
The case where, we serve as constraint condition using least square method, accelerate convergence rate and less the number of iterations with this.Construction
Least square function J (Gk+1), constraint condition is served as, optimal step size α is obtainedk'、βk', to accelerate convergence rate and less iteration
Number,
Local derviation is asked to J and it is enabled to be equal to zero:
Obtain optimal step size αk'、βk':
Wherein: l=(C-SGk)TDSST
ΔGk=Gk-Gk-1。
(3) a series of measurement voltage values acquired using data acquisition control system 2 are solved optimal by iterative formula
Solve GkValue completes image reconstruction；
Finally, calculating the concentration of saline fog in the delivery pipe 3 according to the image of reconstruction.Specifically, 1 pair of reconstruction figure of host computer
As binaryzation conversion process, black represents salt fog, and use 0 indicates.White represents gas, and use 1 indicates；It is converted according to image binaryzation
Processing result acquires the total s of black picture element in bianry imageIt is black totalAnd total pixel sAlways.Then, using black in reconstruction image/
The ratio of total pixel, obtains the salt fog instantaneous concentration C in delivery pipe 3Wink。
Secondly, calculating separately to obtain each instantaneous concentration, C according to the N width image of reconstruction per secondWink 1, CWink 2,...CWink i,
...CWink N；
Finally, carrying out average computation to each instantaneous concentration of saline fog, average concentration of saline fog C is obtainedIt is average；
The embodiment is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, not
In the case where substantive content of the invention, any conspicuous improvement that those skilled in the art can make, replacement
Or modification all belongs to the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the concentration of saline fog detection device in a kind of medical salt fog delivery pipe, which is characterized in that including capacitive array sensor
(4), data acquisition control system (2), image reconstruction host computer (1),
Capacitive array sensor (4) is arranged on medical salt fog delivery pipe (3), for converting sensing for the variation of concentration of saline fog
The variation of device output capacitance；
The capacitive array sensor (4) includes array of measure electrodes (8), semiellipse ring shielding electrode (7), shielding case (6),
The array of measure electrodes (8) is affixed on the outside for being tested medical salt fog delivery pipe (3) in a manner of circumference uniform distribution, passes through cable and number
It is connected according to acquisition control system (2)；Semiellipse ring shielding electrode (7) covers on medical salt fog delivery pipe (3) and is located at measurement
The height of electrod-array (8) two sides, semiellipse ring shielding electrode (7) is higher than measuring electrode thickness；The shielding case (6) is fixed
Itself and institute are attached on medical salt fog delivery pipe (3) and by array of measure electrodes (8) and semiellipse ring shielding electrode (7) packet
In the space for stating delivery pipe (3) composition；
Data acquisition control system (2) is connect with image reconstruction host computer (1), for controlling capacitive array sensor (4) detection
The capacitor of medical salt fog, and convert digital quantity for capacitor and send in image reconstruction host computer (1)；
Image reconstruction host computer (1) reconstructs the concentration of saline fog in delivery pipe (3) by capacitance chromatography imaging image reconstruction algorithm
Distributed image, and calculation method is detected by the concentration of saline fog and calculates concentration of saline fog；
The method for reconstructing the concentration of saline fog distributed image in delivery pipe (3) are as follows:
Firstly, image reconstruction host computer (1) reconstructs the salt fog in delivery pipe (3) by capacitance chromatography imaging image reconstruction algorithm
Concentration distribution image:
The problem of image reconstruction problem is interpreted as a kind of optimal solution defines an objective function,
Wherein: C is normalization capacitance measurement value matrix, C=SG；S is normalization sensitivity matrix；After what G was represented is normalization
Dielectric constant distribution matrix, i.e. grey scale pixel value in image reconstruction；
Since S is not square matrix, inverse matrix S-It is not present, so direct solution can not be carried out to it, by solving S's
Transposed matrix STTo replace inverse matrix S-, and then the approximation of G is sought,
G=STC
Thought based on regularization chooses preconditioning matrix, determines regularization factors κ；
G0What is represented is initial value, is set as 0, defines iterative formula:
Gk+1=Gk+αkDST(C-SGk)+βk(Gk-Gk-1)
Wherein αk、βkFor step-length, k indicates time the number of iterations；
Enable D=(STS+κI)-1, indicate preconditioning matrix, the size of regularization factors κ takes between 0.5 to 1, and I represents unit
Battle array；
Optimal solution G is solved by iterative formula using a series of measurement voltage values that data acquisition control system (2) acquirekValue,
Complete image reconstruction；
The concentration of saline fog detects calculation method are as follows:
Firstly, host computer (1) represents salt fog to image binaryzation conversion process, black is rebuild, use 0 is indicated；White represents gas,
It is indicated with 1；According to image binaryzation conversion process as a result, acquiring the total s of black picture element in bianry imageIt is black totalAnd total pixel
sAlways；
Then, using black in reconstruction image/total pixel ratio, the salt fog instantaneous concentration C in delivery pipe (3) is obtainedWink
Secondly, calculating separately to obtain each instantaneous concentration, C according to the N width image of reconstruction per secondWink 1, CWink 2,...CWink i,...CWink N；
Finally, carrying out average computation to each instantaneous concentration of saline fog, average concentration of saline fog C is obtainedIt is average
2. concentration of saline fog detection device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the data acquisition control system (2)
Including power module, plate channels selecting module, capacitor/voltage (C/V) conversion module, single chip control unit,
The power module is used to provide power supply to C/V conversion module, plate channels selecting module, single chip control unit；
The plate channels selecting module is connect with the array of measure electrodes (8) sensor, for controlling the measuring electrode
The state of each electrode in array (8) sensor；Make one in array of measure electrodes (8) by plate channels selecting module
It is respectively that pole plate and Detection electrode, other ten pole plates is motivated to be in ground state, reflect salt fog by capacitance measurement to pole plate
The information of concentration transfers signals on C/V conversion module；
The C/V conversion module, for converting voltage value for the small electric capacitance between pole plate；
The single chip control unit is connected by asynchronous serial port with host computer (1), and controlling plate channel selecting module is used for,
And analog voltage signal is converted into digital voltage signal, and be transmitted to the host computer (1).
3. concentration of saline fog detection device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the array of measure electrodes (8) is by 12
A pole piece composition, wherein Electrode opening angle is 20 °, and interelectrode angular interval is 10 °, and all electrodes are distributed on the outside of isolated pipe, electricity
Pole surface is parallel with outer wall surface, and the axial length of electrode is 0.5 times of isolated pipe internal diameter, using the copper foil of 2mm thickness, surface
Plating insulating layer.
4. concentration of saline fog detection device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the semiellipse ring shielding electrode
(7) it is made of copper, highly 4 times for measuring electrode thickness, width 1cm, the axial distance with array of measure electrodes (8) is
3mm。
5. concentration of saline fog detection device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the shielding case (6) is using 2mm thickness
Copper foil is made, and axial length is at a distance from 0.8 times of the delivery pipe (3) internal diameter, with the delivery pipe (3) outer wall for 1.2cm.
6. the detection method of concentration of saline fog detection device according to claim 1, which comprises the following steps:
(1) data acquisition control system (2) is connect with image reconstruction host computer (1), for controlling capacitive array sensor (4) inspection
The capacitor of medical salt fog is surveyed, and converts digital quantity for capacitor and sends in image reconstruction host computer (1)；
(2) image reconstruction host computer (1) reconstructs the salt mistiness in delivery pipe (3) by capacitance chromatography imaging image reconstruction algorithm
Spend distributed image:
(2.1) the problem of image reconstruction problem being interpreted as a kind of optimal solution defines an objective function,
Wherein: C is normalization capacitance measurement value matrix, C=SG；S is normalization sensitivity matrix；After what G was represented is normalization
Dielectric constant distribution matrix, i.e. grey scale pixel value in image reconstruction；
Since S is not square matrix, inverse matrix S-It is not present, so direct solution can not be carried out to it, by solving S's
Transposed matrix STTo replace inverse matrix S-, and then the approximation of G is sought,
G=STC
(2.2) based on the thought of regularization, preconditioning matrix is chosen, regularization factors κ is determined；
G0What is represented is initial value, is set as 0, defines iterative formula:
Gk+1=Gk+αkDST(C-SGk)+βk(Gk-Gk-1)
Wherein αk、βkFor step-length, k indicates time the number of iterations；
Enable D=(STS+κI)-1, indicate preconditioning matrix, the size of regularization factors κ takes between 0.5 to 1, and I represents unit
Battle array；
(2.3) it is solved using a series of measurement voltage values of data acquisition control system (2) acquisition by iterative formula optimal
Solve GkValue completes image reconstruction；
(3) concentration of saline fog in the delivery pipe (3) is calculated:
Firstly, host computer (1) represents salt fog to image binaryzation conversion process, black is rebuild, use 0 is indicated；White represents gas,
It is indicated with 1；According to image binaryzation conversion process as a result, acquiring the total s of black picture element in bianry imageIt is black totalAnd total pixel
sAlways；
Then, using black in reconstruction image/total pixel ratio, the salt fog instantaneous concentration C in delivery pipe (3) is obtainedWink
Secondly, calculating separately to obtain each instantaneous concentration, C according to the N width image of reconstruction per secondWink 1, CWink 2,...CWink i,...CWink N；
Finally, carrying out average computation to each instantaneous concentration of saline fog, average concentration of saline fog C is obtainedIt is average
7. detection method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the regularization factors κ takes 0.8.
8. detection method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that further comprising the steps of in step (2):
Construct least square function J (Gk+1), constraint condition is served as, optimal step size α is obtainedk'、βk', come accelerate convergence rate and
Less the number of iterations,
Local derviation is asked to J and it is enabled to be equal to zero:
Obtain optimal step size αk'、βk':
Wherein: l=(C-SGk)TDSST
ΔGk=Gk-Gk-1。
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| CN111089230A (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2020-05-01 | 西安科技大学 | High-concentration coal water slurry conveying pipeline monitoring and early warning system and method |
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