CN106352680B - A kind of double section drying devices of agaric and its drying control method - Google Patents
A kind of double section drying devices of agaric and its drying control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106352680B CN106352680B CN201610966853.XA CN201610966853A CN106352680B CN 106352680 B CN106352680 B CN 106352680B CN 201610966853 A CN201610966853 A CN 201610966853A CN 106352680 B CN106352680 B CN 106352680B
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B11/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive
- F26B11/02—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive in moving drums or other mainly-closed receptacles
- F26B11/04—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive in moving drums or other mainly-closed receptacles rotating about a horizontal or slightly-inclined axis
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
- A61L2/02—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using physical phenomena
- A61L2/08—Radiation
- A61L2/10—Ultraviolet radiation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B9/00—Combinations of apparatus for screening or sifting or for separating solids from solids using gas currents; General arrangement of plant, e.g. flow sheets
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/06—Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
- F26B21/10—Temperature; Pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/06—Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
- F26B21/12—Velocity of flow; Quantity of flow, e.g. by varying fan speed, by modifying cross flow area
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/02—Applications of driving mechanisms, not covered by another subclass
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/06—Chambers, containers, or receptacles
- F26B25/08—Parts thereof
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
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- Public Health (AREA)
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- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of double section drying devices of agaric, comprising: transmission device, for conveying agaric；First segment drying unit is arranged in one end of the transmission device, and is rotary furnace drying, can break up the agaric being sticked together and is tentatively formed；The other end of the transmission device is arranged in mechanism for sorting, can receive the agaric of transmission device transmitting, and is sorted as needed；The other end of the mechanism for sorting is arranged in second segment drying unit, can be by the agaric from the mechanism for sorting, and removes remaining moisture in agaric；Wherein, the cabinet of the second segment drying unit is the structure of two layers of plate face, and top is provided with blower, guarantees there is dry air and normal temperature in second segment drying box by ventilation.Using the double section drying devices of agaric, one section of sizing, centre sorting are realized, the agaric drying process of two sections of removal residual moistures improves the quality of dry agaric and the efficiency of agaric drying.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of agaric drying device, the double section drying devices of especially a kind of agaric and its drying control side
Method.
Background technique
Agaric, also known as: black fungus, brightness program, color is dark brown, delicious flavour, full of nutrition, is natural nourishing salubrity
Food, and there are also very high medical values.Adjustable human metabolism, reduces blood pressure, and reduces cholesterol level, there is prevention
With treat a variety of diseases, the effect of promoting longevity.It can prevent hypoferric anemia and other medicinal efficacies.
Agaric delicious flavour, can element can meat or fish, not only add elegance greatly for Chinese food, and can blood-nourishing preserve youthful looks, make us skin
It is ruddy, it is radiant, and hypoferric anemia can be prevented.Colloid in agaric can be the ash remained in digestion
The absorption such as dirt, impurity, which are put together, to be excreted, so that playing the role of clearing stomach washs intestines.Meanwhile it also helps digest fiber
Substance function has dissolution and melt to foreign matters such as the hair for being difficult to digest, husk, wooden slag, sand, the metal fillings eaten unintentionally
Change effect, therefore, agaric is mine, chemical industry and the indispensable health food of textile worker.Agaric is to gall stone, kidney stone etc.
Endogenous foreign matter also has more significant neutralizing function.Black fungus can be reduced blood clotting, and the generation of the disease such as pre- preventing thrombosis has anti-
The effect of stop pulse atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease.It contains anti-tumor active substance, can enhance immunity of organisms, and often eating can
Cancer-resisting.
The black fungus sold on the market is mostly dry products, is that fresh black fungus passes through the semi-finished product being dried to obtain,
In recent years, the development with people to the deep understanding and processing technology of the nutritive value of agaric, the yield of China agaric and go out
Mouth amount increases sharply.Product form processing is also come into being by the agaric processing technology of complete set, and the black fungus after drying is protected
The nutritional ingredient of agaric is held.Therefore, the drying course, drying unit of agaric play vital work to the drying of agaric
With.
The drying course of existing agaric or food drying device sum mostly uses first drying, since agaric drying process is multiple
Miscellaneous, drying time is not easy to control, if drying time is too long, it will causes water loss excessive, is easy agaric when squeezing
Broken, if moisture retains excessively, the time is long, is easy to cause agaric mouldy, influences the quality of product.Meanwhile existing wood
Ear drying device needs to carry out agaric size sorting in advance when in use, cannot sort and dry while carry out, increase in this way
The drying program of agaric and the burden of labourer.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has designed and developed a kind of double section drying devices of agaric, and existing agaric drying unit can be overcome using primary
The problem of drying, influencing the product qualities such as agaric.
Another goal of the invention of the invention: setting mechanism for sorting sorts agaric, improves drying efficiency.
It is a further object to provide a kind of agaric second segment drying control methods, and BP neural network is to second segment
Dry temperature and air quantity is controlled, and guarantees the accurate of the moisture removal of second segment drying course.
Technical solution provided by the invention are as follows:
A kind of double section drying devices of agaric, comprising:
Transmission device, for conveying agaric；
First segment drying unit is arranged in one end of the transmission device, and is rotary furnace drying, can will stick in one
The agaric risen is broken up and is tentatively formed；
The other end of the transmission device is arranged in mechanism for sorting, can receive the agaric of transmission device transmitting, and root
According to being sorted；
The other end of the mechanism for sorting is arranged in second segment drying unit, can will be from the mechanism for sorting
Agaric, and remove remaining moisture in agaric；
Wherein, the cabinet of the second segment drying unit is the structure of two layers of plate face, and top is provided with blower, by changing
Gas guarantees there is dry air and normal temperature in second segment drying box.
Preferably, the first segment drying unit includes:
Feed inlet, is arranged in one end of the first segment drying unit, and connect with one end of charging slideway, it is described into
Charging lid is also configured in material mouth；
Rotary drying drum, the other end of the charging slideway and the inclination of rotary furnace drying pot one end connect, can guarantee
Agaric is rapidly introduced into the rotary drier；
Blower heater is arranged in the air duct of the rotary drying drum lower part, and hot wind can be sent into the rotation
In drying cylinder, the food in cylinder is dried；
Spacing walls are arranged in the two sides of the rotary furnace drying pot, position-limiting action are played when pot body is boosted by cylinder, and
Drying pot can be made preferably to fall into position-limited wheel；
Discharge belt, one end are connect with the discharge port of the rotary drying drum, and the other end and the transmission device connect
It connects, the agaric in the rotary furnace drying pot can be sent on the transmission device；
Ultraviolet radiator is arranged in the spacing walls towards the side of the rotary furnace drying pot, can sterilize and disappear to agaric
Poison.
Preferably, the transmission device includes:
The two sides of transmission device are arranged in baffle；
The transmission device is arranged in close to one end of the discharge belt in rear baffle；
Wherein, rubber bumps are provided on the transmission device, prevent agaric from sliding from top to lower section.
Preferably, the mechanism for sorting is double-layer structure, comprising:
The upper layer of the mechanism for sorting is arranged in vibrating screen panel, and two sides are vertically installed with overhead gage, can prevent wood
Ear is fallen in the left and right sides；
Sorting conveyer belt, is arranged in the lower layer of the mechanism for sorting, and two sides are provided with lower baffle plate, the lower baffle plate with
There is certain tilt angle between the sorting conveyer belt；
The lower end of the vibrating screen panel is arranged in multiple springs, can play buffering when the mechanism for sorting shakes
Effect；
Wherein, the vibrating screen panel is adjustable sieve, can select different size of grid.
Preferably, the second segment drying unit further include:
The cabinet is divided into two sides up and down, can completely cut off the temperature between upper layer and lower layer by thermal-insulation baffle plate；Wherein up and down
It is respectively arranged with agaric pallet two layers, the different size of agaric that can come to sorting be dried respectively；
Sliding way is arranged in the top of box back surface, and is connected to cabinet upper layer, can transmit the vibrating screen panel
Agaric imported into overstory earpiece disk；
Glide path, is arranged in the lower part of box back surface, and lower layer is connected to cabinet, can transmit the sorting conveyer belt
The agaric to come over imported into understorey earpiece disk, carries out agaric drying；
Air door is arranged in the side of the cabinet, is connected to air duct, can adjust cabinet by the size of damper
Internal drying temperature.
Preferably, the cabinet front is additionally provided with the sliding door with observation window, and is provided on the observation window
Thermometer can see the temperature of upper and lower drying room by observation window.
Preferably, the air duct lower end is connected with water storage case, can collect the droplet formed in air duct.
A kind of double section drying control methods of agaric, use a kind of double section drying devices of agaric, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: passing through the parameter of sensor measurement second segment drying unit, comprising: internal temperature according to the sampling period
T, fan delivery Q, agaric weight M, air door opening amount S, interior humidity L；
Step 2: successively above-mentioned parameter is normalized, the input layer vector x={ x of three layers of BP neural network is established1,
x2,x3,x4,x5, wherein x1For internal temperature coefficient, x2For fan delivery coefficient, x3For agaric weight coefficient, x4It is opened for air door
Coefficient of discharge, x5For interior humidity coefficient；
Step 3: the input layer DUAL PROBLEMS OF VECTOR MAPPING is to middle layer, the middle layer vector y={ y1,y2,…,yb}；During b is
Interbed node number meetsWherein a is input layer number, and c is output layer node number；
Step 4: obtaining output layer vector o={ o1,o2, wherein o1System is adjusted for the internal temperature of second segment drying unit
Number, o2For fan delivery adjustment factor；
Step 5: the internal temperature of control second segment drying unit, fan delivery, make
Wherein,Wind is not the parameter of i-th this sampling period output layer, TmaxHighest inside second segment drying unit
Temperature, QmaxFor the maximum quantity of wind of blower, T(i+1)The internal temperature of second segment drying unit when for the i+1 sampling period,
Q(i+1)Fan delivery when for the i+1 sampling period；
Step 6: operating status when i+1 time period is determined according to the sampled signal in the i-th period, as output o1
=0, o2When=1, drying box normal operation is indicated；Work as o1=1, o2When=0, indicates that drying the temperature inside the box is excessively high, work as o1=1, o2
When=1, indicate that drying box inner blower air quantity is excessive.
Preferably, the formula being normalized in the step 2 isWherein,For normalization
The input parameter of processing, xjFor measurement parameter T, Q, M, S, L, j=1,2,3,4,5；xjmax、xjminRespectively corresponding measurement parameter
In greatest measurement and minimum measured value, using S type function.
Secondary drying is carried out to agaric using double sections of drying units, can prevent agaric from completely will not due to first drying
Moisture completely removes, and generates the quality that agaric is mouldy, seals phenomena such as rotten, and raising agaric is dried, mechanism for sorting is arranged, can be in wood
Demand while ear is dried according to user to food such as agarics carries out size sorting to agaric, eliminates and carries out agaric point in advance
The process picked saves the time, improves agaric drying efficiency.Realize one section of dryness finalization, centre sorting, two-stage drying removes remaining
The agaric drying process of moisture greatly improves drying efficiency, and save by the control respectively to temperature and air quantity
The trouble of bring manpower and material resources is sorted in the future.In the agaric quality research and basis of reduction manpower and material resources after improving drying
On, the quality of agaric after drying is improved, greatly shortening drying time improves production efficiency.
Second segment drying unit temperature and air quantity are controlled using BP neural network, can reflect that second segment dries in time
Drying regime inside equipment for drying carries out early warning in time, guarantees the dries quantity of agaric in second segment drying course, prevents agaric
There is the phenomenon that moisture removal is excessive or reservation is excessive.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the double section drying devices of agaric of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of first segment drying unit of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of transmission device of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of mechanism for sorting of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of second segment drying unit of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the external structure schematic diagram of second segment drying unit of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is control method flow chart of the second segment drying unit based on BP neural network of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, to enable those skilled in the art referring to specification text
Word can be implemented accordingly.
As shown in figures 1 to 6, the present invention provides a kind of double section agaric drying devices, including first segment drying unit 100, transmission
Device 200, mechanism for sorting 300 and second segment drying unit 400.
One end of double sections of agaric drying devices is arranged in first segment drying unit 100, including, feed inlet is slided with charging
The one end in road 102 is connected to, and the food for needing to be dried is added from feed inlet, be additionally provided on feed inlet be matched therewith into
Material mouth lid 101 carries out the opening and closing of lid manually, is kept the temperature when can start dry after charging.Feed the another of slideway 102
End is connected to one end of rotary drying drum 107, and has certain tilt angle between charging slideway 102 and rotary drying drum 107,
It can guarantee smoothly quickly to be added in rotary drying drum 107 for dry food.
The outside that first segment drying fills 100 is arranged in first segment bracket 110, can support and fix first segment drying
Device 100, blower heater 103 are arranged on first segment bracket 110, and the lower part of rotary drying drum 107 can be to first
Heat air delivery in section drying unit 100.Driving mechanism, is arranged in the lower end of rotary drying drum 107, the lower part of first segment bracket,
Including motor 105, connect with deceleration belt 104, deceleration belt 104 is connect with directional wheel 106, using deceleration belt 104 come
Increase torque, guarantees that power is transmitted on the cylinder of rotary drying drum 107.Discharge belt 108 is arranged in discharge belt branch
The top of frame 109, and the other end of rotary drying drum 107 is set, the agaric being formed in rotary drying drum 107 can be conveyed
Onto the feed end of transmission device 200.
The two sides of rotary drying drum 107 are arranged in spacing walls, and limit coping is provided with insulation cover, when can make work
Rotary drying drum 107 keep the temperature.The side of spacing walls towards rotary drying drum 107 is provided with ultraviolet radiator, can be dry to rotation
The agaric being dried in dry cylinder 107 is sterilized, is sterilized, and guarantees the quality of agaric.
The two sides of transfer device 200 are provided with baffle 210, can prevent agaric from falling in the two sides of transfer device；Transmitting
It is provided with equidistant rubber bumps 220 on device 200, can prevent agaric from sliding from top to lower section, baffle, setting exists
The two sides of transmission device can prevent agaric from falling down at left and right sides of conveyer belt；In transfer device 200 close to discharge belt
108 one end is additionally provided with rear baffle 230.
Mechanism for sorting 300 is connect with the discharge end of transfer device 200, is double-layer structure, upper layer is the vibration that can be replaced
Sieve 330 according to the requirement of the food and screening screened progress food size can screen, and vibration screen
330 two sides are vertically installed with overhead gage 310, and lower layer is sorting conveyer belt 370, and two sides are provided with inclined lower baffle plate 340, prevent
Only agaric falls to two sides.
Sorting motor 350 is that sorting conveyer belt 370 provides power, and the bottom of vibrating screen panel 330 is arranged in vibration motor 320
Portion provides power for vibrating screen panel 330, and the lower end of vibration screen 330 is arranged in spring 360, can, it is shaken in mechanism for sorting 300
When play the role of buffering, prevent the destruction for shaking the generation of the mechanical structure to mechanism for sorting 300.
Second segment drying unit 400 is connect with the discharge end of mechanism for sorting 300, and the cabinet of second segment drying unit is two layers
The structure of plate face, to guarantee that temperature is at least lost, and top is provided with blower 401, guarantees second segment drying unit by ventilation
There are dry air and normal temperature in 400.
Second segment drying unit 400 is provided with the upper and lower, and front, which is provided with, visits and the manual sliding door in two, Xiamen
407, manually on sliding door 407, it is provided with observation window 406, the inside of observation window 406 is provided with thermometer 405, can measure upper layer
With the temperature of lower layer box body, and the drying temperature inside cabinet 408 can be observed by observation window 406.The upper and lower case
Body is provided with the pallet 411 for holding agaric.The back side of cabinet, i.e. cabinet 408 towards mechanism for sorting 300 discharge end one
Side is provided with upper and lower slideway 412, the received agaric from 300 upper and lower level of mechanism for sorting can be added separately to cabinet
In the upper and lower pallet 411.
It is provided with thermal-insulation baffle plate 410 between the upper layer and cabinet lower layer of cabinet 408, it can be to big agaric case and small agaric case
It is thermally shielded, the side and bottom surface inside cabinet 408 are provided with many places heater 402, heat to box house.Cabinet
408 exterior lateral sides are provided with air duct 403, are connected to box house, and the side in air duct 403 is provided with air door 413, with
Air duct 403 is connected to, and by the size of damper, can control the temperature change inside cabinet 408.
The positive surrounding of cabinet 408 is provided with gasket 409, can be fitted close, be prevented in case with manual sliding door 407
Give out extra heat.Cabinet 408 close to the upper and lower of wind medial surface be provided with it is anti-slip through the net 404, prevent in wind
When fan delivery is larger, the food that agaric etc. is oven-dried enters in blower 401 along air duct, causes security risk.The bottom in air duct 403
Portion is provided with water storage case, can accommodate by the wet air of air duct discharge in ice-cold air duct 403 in the droplet formed.
The course of work of the double section drying devices of agaric are as follows: one section of sizing, centre sorting, two sections of removal residual moistures.First
Dry agaric or other food will be needed to be added in rotary drying drum 107 by feed inlet, cover discharge port cover 101,
Start button is opened, is started to work, power is passed through to be transferred on rotary drying drum 107 by deceleration belt 104, opens blower heating
Device 103, the food that agaric etc. is oven-dried seethe in rotary drying drum 107, pass through the food such as Hot-blast Heating agaric, control temperature
Degree opens ultraviolet lamp, when the food in cylinder when cylinder load incrementss are reduced to the 60%-100% or so that agaric amount is just added
When product reach set dehydrating amount, first segment, which rotates hot-air seasoning, to be completed.
Start discharge belt 108, loading hopper moves back, and agaric is poured in feed conveyor belt 108, starting transmission dress
200 to be set, agaric is risen and is transferred in mechanism for sorting 300, agaric is sorted by vibration screen 330, and upper layer is big agaric,
Lower layer is small agaric, and agaric is done by being slided into the pallet that 412 enter second segment drying device above and below after screening
It is dry, sliding door 407 manually is closed, upper and lower two layers of drying box is respectively heated, drying temperature is set, and can be by manual
Observation window 406 on sliding door 407 observes temperature and drying regime inside cabinet 408.
The present invention also provides a kind of agaric second segment drying control method, such as Fig. 7 dries second segment using BP neural network
The temperature and fan delivery of equipment for drying are regulated and controled, and are specifically comprised the following steps:
Step 1 S510: BP neural network model is established.
Three layers of BP neural network are constructed, wherein first layer is input layer, there is a node, indicates that second segment drying unit exists
A detection signal when work.The second layer is hidden layer, total b node, by neural network training process in an adaptive way
It determines.Third layer is output layer, total c node, according to the reality output of second segment drying unit in response to determining that.
Therefore, the mathematical model of this neural network are as follows:
Input vector: x=(x1,x2,...,xa)T
Middle layer vector: y=(y1,y2,...,yb)T
Output vector: O=(o1,o2,...,oc)T
In the present invention, input layer number a=5, output layer number of nodes is c=2, and middle layer node b passes through estimation
5 parameters of input layer respectively indicate are as follows: x1For internal temperature coefficient, x2For fan delivery coefficient, x3For agaric weight
Coefficient of discharge, x4For air door opening amount coefficient, x5For interior humidity coefficient.
Since the dimension of a parameter of input layer is different, therefore, it is necessary to each parameters to input layer to be normalized,
Obtain the parameter between 0-1.
Normalized formula isWherein,For the input parameter of normalization processing, xjFor measurement ginseng
Several T, Q, M, S, L, j=1,2,3,4,5；xjmax、xjminGreatest measurement and minimum measurement in respectively corresponding measurement parameter
Value, using S type function.
Using the internal temperature T of temperature sensor measurement second segment drying unit, temperature coefficient is obtained after being normalizedTminAnd TmaxThe respectively minimum internal temperature and maximum internal temperature of second segment drying unit, andWTiFor the weight of i-th of temperature sensor, TiThe temperature of i-th of temperature sensor measurement of ' expression
Value, unit be DEG C, nTFor temperature sensor number.
Using the inside air quantity Q of air flow sensor measurement second segment drying unit, it is normalized to obtain air volume coefficientQminAnd QmaxThe internal air quantity of the minimum of respectively second segment drying unit and maximum internal air quantity, andWherein, WQiFor the weight of i-th of air flow sensor, Qi' indicate i-th of air flow sensor measurement
Airflow value, unit LM, nQFor air flow sensor number.
Using the agaric mass M of weight sensor measurement second segment drying unit, it is normalized to obtain quality coefficientMminAnd MmaxThe respectively maximum value and minimum value of second segment drying unit agaric quality, also,Wherein, WMiFor the weight of i-th of agaric sensor, Mi' indicate i-th of weight sensor measurement
Mass value, unit kg, nMFor weight sensor number.
Using the air door opening amount S of air door opening amount sensor measurement second segment drying unit 400, it is normalized to obtain air door
Opening amount coefficientSminAnd SmaxThe respectively maximum value and minimum value of the air door opening amount of second segment drying unit,
AndWherein, WSiFor the weight of i-th of Air door sensor, Si' indicate i-th of air door opening amount sensing
The opening amount value of device measurement, unit cm2, nSFor air door opening amount number of probes.
Using the interior humidity of humidity sensor measurement second segment drying unit 400, it is normalized to obtain humidity coefficientLminAnd LmaxThe respectively interior humidity maximum value and minimum value of second segment drying unit 400, andWherein, WLiFor the weight of i-th of humidity sensor, Li' indicate i-th of humidity sensor measurement
Humidity value, nLFor humidity sensor number.
Output layer vector o={ o1,o2, wherein o1For the internal temperature adjustment factor of second segment drying unit, o2For blower
Air quantity adjustment factor；
Internal temperature, the fan delivery for controlling second segment drying unit, make
Wherein,Wind is not the parameter of i-th this sampling period output layer, TmaxHighest inside second segment drying unit
Temperature, QmaxFor the maximum quantity of wind of blower, T(i+1)The internal temperature of second segment drying unit when for the i+1 sampling period,
Q(i+1)Fan delivery when for the i+1 sampling period；
According to the sampled signal in the i-th period, operating status when i+1 time period is determined, as output o1=0, o2=
When 1, drying box normal operation is indicated；Work as o1=1, o2When=0, indicates that drying the temperature inside the box is excessively high, work as o1=1, o2When=1, table
Show that drying box inner blower air quantity is excessive.
Step 2 S520 carries out BP neural network training.
The sample of training, and the connection between given input node i and hidden layer node j are obtained according to historical empirical data
Weight Wij, hidden node j and output node layer k between connection weight Wjk, the threshold θ of hidden node jj, output node layer k's
Threshold θk、Wij、Wjk、θj、θkIt is the random number between -1 to 1.
In the training process, W is constantly correctedij、WjkValue, until systematic error be less than or equal to anticipation error when, complete mind
Training process through network.
As shown in table 1, given the value of each node in one group of training sample and training process.
Each nodal value of 1 training process of table
The control coefrficient that step 3 S530, acquisition second segment drying unit operating parameter input neural network obtain.
Temperature sensor, air flow sensor, weight sensor, air door opening amount sensor and humidity sensor are used simultaneously
Measure initial parameter value, T0、Q0、M0、S0、L0, by the way that above-mentioned parameter to be normalized, obtain the initial input of BP neural network
VectorInitial output vector is obtained by the operation of BP neural network
Internal temperature, the fan delivery for controlling second segment drying unit, make
The temperature T in ith sample period is obtained by sensori, air quantity Qi, agaric mass Mi, wind
Door opening amount Si, humidity Li, the input vector in ith sample period is obtained by being normalizedIt is logical
The operation for crossing BP neural network obtains the output vector in ith sample periodControl second segment drying unit
Internal temperature, fan delivery, make
Step 4 S540, the operating status for monitoring second segment drying unit 400.
According to output vectorThe operating status for judging second segment drying unit 400, as output o1=0, o2=
When 1, drying box normal operation is indicated；Work as o1=1, o2When=0, indicates that drying the temperature inside the box is excessively high, work as o1=1, o2When=1, table
Show that drying box inner blower air quantity is excessive.
Secondary drying is carried out to agaric using double sections of drying units, can prevent agaric from completely will not due to first drying
Moisture completely removes, and generates the quality that agaric is mouldy, seals phenomena such as rotten, and raising agaric is dried, mechanism for sorting is arranged, can be in wood
Demand while ear is dried according to user to food such as agarics carries out size sorting to agaric, eliminates and carries out agaric point in advance
The process picked saves the time, improves agaric drying efficiency.Realize one section of dryness finalization, centre sorting, two-stage drying removes remaining
The agaric drying process of moisture greatly improves drying efficiency, and save by the control respectively to temperature and air quantity
The trouble of bring manpower and material resources is sorted in the future.In the agaric quality research and basis of reduction manpower and material resources after improving drying
On, the quality of agaric after drying is improved, greatly shortening drying time improves production efficiency.
Second segment drying unit temperature and air quantity are controlled using BP neural network, can reflect that second segment dries in time
Drying regime inside equipment for drying carries out early warning in time, guarantees the dries quantity of agaric in second segment drying course, prevents agaric
There is the phenomenon that moisture removal is excessive or reservation is excessive.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, but its is not only in the description and the implementation listed
With it can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention, for those skilled in the art, can be easily
Realize other modification, therefore without departing from the general concept defined in the claims and the equivalent scope, the present invention is simultaneously unlimited
In specific details and legend shown and described herein.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of double section drying devices of agaric characterized by comprising
Transmission device, for conveying agaric；
One end of the transmission device is arranged in first segment drying unit, can rotate, and dry to agaric；
The other end of the transmission device is arranged in mechanism for sorting, can receive the agaric of transmission device transmitting, and according to need
It is sorted；
The other end of the mechanism for sorting is arranged in second segment drying unit, can be to the agaric from the mechanism for sorting
It carries out second to dry, removes remaining moisture in agaric；The second segment drying unit is provided with the upper and lower；
Wherein, the cabinet of the second segment drying unit is the structure of two layers of plate face, and top is provided with blower, is protected by ventilation
There are dry air and normal temperature in card second segment drying box.
2. the double section drying devices of agaric according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the first segment drying unit includes:
Feed inlet is arranged in one end of the first segment drying unit, and connect with one end of charging slideway, the feed inlet
On be also configured with charging lid；
The dry cylinder one end inclination of the other end and the rotary furnace drying of rotary drying drum, the charging slideway connects, and can guarantee wood
Ear is rapidly introduced into the rotary drier；
Blower heater is arranged in the air duct of the rotary drying drum lower part, and hot wind can be sent into the rotary drying
In cylinder, the food in cylinder is dried；
Discharge belt, one end are connect with the discharge port of the rotary drying drum, and the other end is connect with the transmission device, energy
It is enough that agaric in the rotary furnace drying pot is sent on the transmission device.
3. the double section drying devices of agaric according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the transmission device includes:
The two sides of transmission device are arranged in baffle；
The transmission device is arranged in close to one end of the discharge belt in rear baffle；
Wherein, rubber bumps are provided on the transmission device, prevent agaric from sliding from top to lower section.
4. the double section drying devices of agaric according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the mechanism for sorting is double-layer structure,
Include:
The upper layer of the mechanism for sorting is arranged in vibrating screen panel, and two sides are vertically installed with overhead gage, can prevent agaric from falling
Fall in the left and right sides；
Sorting conveyer belt, is arranged in the lower layer of the mechanism for sorting, and two sides are provided with lower baffle plate, the lower baffle plate with it is described
There is certain tilt angle between sorting conveyer belt；
The lower end of the vibrating screen panel is arranged in multiple springs, can play buffer function when the mechanism for sorting shakes；
Wherein, the vibrating screen panel is adjustable sieve, can select different size of grid.
5. the double section drying devices of agaric according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the second segment drying unit also wraps
It includes:
The cabinet is divided into two sides up and down, can completely cut off the temperature between upper layer and lower layer by thermal-insulation baffle plate；Wherein upper layer and lower layer
It is respectively arranged with agaric pallet, the different size of agaric that can come to sorting is dried respectively；
Sliding way is arranged in the top of box back surface, and is connected to cabinet upper layer, the wood that can transmit the vibrating screen panel
Ear is imported into overstory earpiece disk；
Glide path, is arranged in the lower part of box back surface, and lower layer is connected to cabinet, can pass over the sorting conveyer belt
Agaric imported into understorey earpiece disk, carry out agaric drying；
Air door is arranged in the side of the cabinet, is connected to air duct, can adjust box house by the size of damper
Drying temperature.
6. the double section drying devices of agaric according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the cabinet front, which is additionally provided with, to be had
The sliding door of observation window, and it is provided with thermometer on the observation window, the temperature of upper and lower drying room can be seen by observation window.
7. the double section drying devices of agaric according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the air duct lower end is connected with water storage
Box can collect the droplet formed in air duct.
8. a kind of double section drying control methods of agaric, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1: passing through the parameter of sensor measurement second segment drying unit according to the sampling period, comprising: internal temperature T, wind
Fan delivery Q, agaric weight M, air door opening amount S, interior humidity L；
Step 2: successively above-mentioned parameter is normalized, the input layer vector x={ x of three layers of BP neural network is established1,x2,
x3,x4,x5, wherein x1For internal temperature coefficient, x2For fan delivery coefficient, x3For agaric weight coefficient, x4For air door opening amount
Coefficient, x5For interior humidity coefficient；
Step 3: the input layer DUAL PROBLEMS OF VECTOR MAPPING is to middle layer, the middle layer vector y={ y1,y2,…,yb}；B is middle layer
Node number meetsWherein a is input layer number, and c is output layer node number；
Step 4: obtaining output layer vector o={ o1,o2, wherein o1For the internal temperature adjustment factor of second segment drying unit, o2
For fan delivery adjustment factor；
Step 5: the internal temperature of control second segment drying unit, fan delivery, make
Wherein,Wind is not the parameter of i-th this sampling period output layer, TmaxMaximum temperature inside second segment drying unit,
QmaxFor the maximum quantity of wind of blower, T(i+1)The internal temperature of second segment drying unit when for the i+1 sampling period, Q(i+1)For
Fan delivery when the i+1 sampling period；
Step 6: operating status when i+1 time period is determined according to the sampled signal in the i-th period, as output o1=0,
o2When=1, drying box normal operation is indicated；Work as o1=1, o2When=0, indicates that drying the temperature inside the box is excessively high, work as o1=1, o2=1
When, indicate that drying box inner blower air quantity is excessive.
9. the double section drying control methods of agaric according to claim 8, which is characterized in that carry out normalizing in the step 2
The formula of change isWherein,For the input parameter of normalization processing, xjFor measurement parameter T, Q, M, S, L,
J=1,2,3,4,5；xjmax、xjminGreatest measurement and minimum measured value in respectively corresponding measurement parameter, using S type letter
Number.
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| CN108792673B (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2020-12-04 | 太重（天津）滨海重型机械有限公司 | Material dehumidifying bucket wheel machine and material dehumidifying method |
| CN108444240B (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2023-08-04 | 佳木斯大学 | Intelligent combined crop airing device and control method thereof |
| CN109062296B (en) * | 2018-08-27 | 2020-12-11 | 辽宁工业大学 | Grain storage method based on temperature and humidity monitoring |
| CN111219956B (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2023-05-23 | 青岛海高设计制造有限公司 | Air dryer and control method thereof |
| CN113074541B (en) * | 2021-03-11 | 2022-12-23 | 德州宏光绿色食品有限公司 | Grain drying machine used in granary |
| CN113175794A (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2021-07-27 | 福建工程学院 | Intelligent agricultural product drying control method based on BP neural network |
| CN113899164A (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2022-01-07 | 福建省农业机械化研究所(福建省机械科学研究院） | Tremella drying process and device |
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