CN106351814A - Downhole pressurizer, downhole pressurization fracturing tool and downhole pressurization fracturing method - Google Patents
Downhole pressurizer, downhole pressurization fracturing tool and downhole pressurization fracturing method Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B9/00—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members
- F04B9/08—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid
- F04B9/10—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid the fluid being liquid
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B47/00—Pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for raising fluids from great depths, e.g. well pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B53/10—Valves; Arrangement of valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B53/16—Casings; Cylinders; Cylinder liners or heads; Fluid connections
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a downhole pressurizer, a downhole pressurization fracturing tool adopting the downhole pressurizer and a method for carrying out downhole pressurization fracturing by using the downhole pressurization fracturing tool. The downhole pressurizer comprises a shell; the shell comprises a piston cylinder section and a plunger type cylinder section which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; a piston in the piston cylinder section and a plunger in the plunger type cylinder section are connected with each other so as to form a step shaft structure which is wider at the upper part and narrower at the lower part; the shell is internally provided with a piston compression main runner mechanism used for conveying fracturing fluid to the upper part of the piston, and a piston reset main runner mechanism used for conveying the fracturing fluid to the lower part of the piston; a fluid supplement runner mechanism used for conveying the fracturing fluid to an inner cavity of the plunger type cylinder section is also arranged on the shell. By enabling the fracturing fluid to act on the piston, the fracturing fluid is pressurized in virtue of a two-stage pressurization effect of the piston and the plunger and a high-efficiency pressurization effect of the plunger. The downhole pressurizer and the downhole pressurization fracturing tool are simple in structure, can effectively reduce energy consumption, reduce the use of related electrical equipment, and are high in equipment safety.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to oil and gas exploitation technical field and in particular to a kind of underground booster, using this down-hole increase
The downhole pressure increasing fracturing tool of depressor and the method that downhole pressure increasing pressure break is carried out using this downhole pressure increasing fracturing tool.
Background technology
Horizontal well+staged fracturing technology, can be not only used for the exploitation of unconventionaloil pool it is also possible to be used for any conventional oil
The increasing the storage volume increase in gas field.Hydrofracturing method refers to, using ground high-pressure pump, there is viscosity higher by pit shaft to oil reservoir squeezing
Fracturing fluid, forms very high pressure on the oil reservoir of shaft bottom, when this pressure exceedes the fracture pressure of oil-gas Layer rock near shaft bottom
When, oil-gas Layer will be pressed off and be produced crack；On and on squeeze fracturing fluid to oil reservoir, crack continues to expand to the inside of oil reservoir
?；Then clamp-on the load fluid with proppant (quartz sand) to oil reservoir, after load fluid enters crack, on the one hand can make to split
Seam continues to extend forward, on the other hand can support the crack having pressed off so as to be not to close；Replace followed by injection
Liquid, the load fluid of pit shaft is all replaced entrance crack, with quartz sand, fracture support is got up；Finally, the high viscosity pressure of injection
Split liquid can automatically degrade discharge pit shaft outside, stay in oil reservoir one or more length not wait crack, make oil reservoir with
Set up a new fluid passage between pit shaft, oil or natural gas are discharged from rock crevice, and along pit shaft
Flow to the oil-gas mining method of earth's surface.
Fracturing unit and instrument are the vitals completing pressing crack construction, are provided that condition of high voltage, pump highly pressurised liquid, soon
Fast uniform stirring mulling liquid.Fracturing work well scale is big, discharge capacity is high, and equipment tool is had high demands, and needs the equipment employed
Many.In fracturing methods, only special special construction vehicle just reaches as many as tens of, and pumping installations, manifold and monitoring device etc. are then
It is placed on well site center, also more than 100 tanks filling water are transported to well site and are placed on wellsite.According to them in pressure
Split the difference in functionality in construction, its critical equipment mainly has fracturing unit truck, fracturing blender truck, balance car, measuring truck etc..
Fracturing unit truck is the capital equipment of pressure break, and its effect is the fracturing fluid injecting high pressure into well, and stratum is pressed off, and
Proppant is clamp-oned crack.Fracturing unit truck is mainly made up of the big part of delivery, power, transmission, the pump housing, guidance panel etc. five, fracturing pump
It is the working host of fracturing unit truck, the fracturing pump of most fracturing unit truck equipments is horizontal triplex single action plunger pump.Site operation
When very high to the technical property requirements of fracturing pump, it is necessary to have pressure is high, power is big, corrosion-resistant, wear-resistant the features such as, and requirement property
Can stable, reliable operation.China has introduced fracturing unit truck from companies such as the U.S. ss, bj, dawell, daga at present.Ss- as Sichuan
1000 types, ss-1200 type, the ft-1800x-ch type in Central Plains, bl-1600 type, the road Weir b516 in North China be respectively provided with lightweight,
Pressure is high, high-power feature.The h0-2000 type that wherein Henan Oil Field is introduced, rated pressure 103.4mpa, maximum pump discharge
2.48m3/ min, obtains successful Application in Zhoukou City exploratory area.
The effect of fracturing blender truck is to be required according to detail design, supplies zirconium pressure after fracturing fluid and proppant are mixed by a certain percentage
Split car and pump into well.All fracturing unit trucks supply fracturing fluid by fracturing blender truck, it requires that fracturing blender truck performance is good, reliable operation, machinery
Change degree is high.Fracturing blender truck is mainly made up of liquid-supplying system, sand delivering system and drive system three part, typically uses sending out of transporting cars
Motivation does power.Liquid-supplying system includes solution feed pump, mixing device, sand pump etc..The fracturing fluid of receiver is pumped into mixed by solution feed pump
In silo, proppant and fracturing fluid are mixed in mixing sand tank, and the water-line of fracturing unit truck delivered to mixture pump again by sand pump.
Equipped with effusion meter and autocontrol valve on solution feed pump and sand pump outlet line, so that measurement of discharge and control discharge capacity.Sand delivering system fills
There are screw conveyer or pneumatic sand deliverer, by sand from ground or a certain height, be transported in mixing sand tank.It is required to meet during sediment transport
Sand amount, upper sand are uniformly, sand amount is adjustable.Drive system has machine driving and two kinds of hydraulic drive.
In separate stratum fracfturing construction, the upper and lower pressure of fracturing string topmost packer is different, and differs greatly.At this
Under the working condition of sample, packer intensity is impacted.If packer is destroyed, the highly pressurised liquid in fracturing string will
Altered upwards by casing annulus.The casing pressure on packer top is uprushed, and may lead to casing failure or other pernicious thing
Therefore.On the other hand, when the upper and lower pressure reduction of packer is excessive, the highly pressurised liquid of fractured interval may be made to pass through to alter on interlayer, destroy
Interlayer.
For protecting packer, balance car injects the liquid of certain pressure from oil casing annular space, balance packer
Partial pressure differential, improves the working condition of packer.In addition, when the accidents such as sand plug, sand card in construction, balance car can be immediately
Carry out backwash or back-pressure well, fix a breakdown.
Become main drilled well ten thousand formula of shale gas exploitation with horizontal well, fracturing starts to become shale gas horizontal well
Main Yield-increasing measure, achieves the achievement attracting people's attention.Practice have shown that: after fracturing, oil gas well yield typically can be big
Amplitude increases.Hydraulic fracturing technology can be used for improving conventional gas and oil well yield, and hydraulic fracturing technology will make global petroleum supplly
Amount increases nearly 140,000,000,000 barrels；Can be used for stimulating the yield of other old fileds to reply；Can be used for the unconventionaloil pool such as shale gas
Exploitation.The unconventionaloil pool Tian Yinqi reservoir properties such as shale gas reservoir are poor, porosity and permeability is extremely low, need to apply waterpower pressure
Technology of splitting could the economic exploitation.Hydrofracturing method is " person who has rendered outstanding service " of North America shale gas exploitation, a large amount of shale gas that it brings
Not only dragged down the Gas Prices of whole North America, simultaneously the Ye Ling U.S. realize energy independence spirit more sufficient.Fracturing
Method all creates profound influence to whole energy industry.
But the weak point of ground hydraulic fracturing technology is also obvious:
(1) utilize ground installation to produce high pressure, the fracturing fluid of huge discharge, and be transported to shaft bottom and carry out being pressurized pressure break,
Need a series of huge land equipments, high pressure pipe joint and wellhead assembly, and also high to the performance requirement of equipment.For example, weight
Covering Frac unit mixed marshalling the hydrofracturing method construction usage of celebrating Fuling national level shale gas demonstration area, fracturing unit is many more,
Fracturing work scene area is big, more than pressure break 40 sets of major-minor equipment, construction logistics is had high demands, fracturing yield increasing expense accounts for about one
The half of mouth well shale gas development cost.
(2) in below buried depth 2500m more than China's shale gas resource, and current pressure break mainly indiscriminately imitates American technology, makes me
State 2500m-3500m individual well cost is more more than the U.S., and less than 3500 meters of shale gas still do not possess development ability.
For example, Tarim Basin is that Paleozoic group, the Mesozoic group and cenozoic strata develop basin the most complete, and its Middle Paleozoic is sea
Phase megagea cratonic basin, Mesozoic and Cenozoic time is continental sedimentary basin.The mainly cold force Ordovician system marine facies mud page of certified hydrocarbon source rock
Rock and three folds Jurassic lacustrine facies mud shales and coal measure strata, wherein Marine Hydrocarbon Source Rocks not only can oil generation again can anger, be current
Topmost source bed and reservoir.But how this hydrocarbon source rock buries in below 5000m.At present, adopt prior art 5000m with
Under hydrocarbon source rock exploitation shale oil gas be also to lose more than gain.
(3) huge challenge being faced in terms of environment using hydrofracturing method is to need to use in a large number water.A bite oil gas
Well typically requires 4,000,000 or 5,000,000 gallons of water consumption, can produce about 1,000,000 gallons simultaneously and is polluted, needs to be processed giving up
Water.
(4) interruption join liquid operation, the pressure break time is long, and high pressure line is many, long-time high pressure work continuously pressure break equipment exist
Security risk.For example, in horizontal well+staged fracturing construction, the big valve core of high-pressure work liquid erosion, lead to valve pocket to enter sand, close
Envelope lost efficacy, and causes wellhead assembly pressure testing unqualified, brings security risk to production.
(5) pressure rating of the pressure break equipment of Partial Block has reached 105/140mpa, using raising injected system
Pressure is increasingly difficult to ensure that the injection pressure increasingly increasing in this kind of oil field.For example, Fuling shale gas exploitation wellhead assembly in order to
Meet pressure break to require, significantly larger than shale gas produce the requirement of the pressure rating to wellhead assembly, cause cost to waste.
Content of the invention
The present embodiments relate to a kind of underground booster, the downhole pressure increasing fracturing tool using this underground booster and adopt
The method carrying out downhole pressure increasing pressure break with this downhole pressure increasing fracturing tool, at least can solve the segmental defect of prior art.
The present embodiments relate to a kind of underground booster, including housing, described housing includes being sequentially arranged from top to bottom
Piston cylinder section and plunger case section, the inner chamber conducting of described piston cylinder section and described plunger case section, in described piston cylinder section, cunning sets
There is piston, in described plunger case section, be slidably equipped with plunger, described piston and described plunger connect and compose a Step Shaft wide at the top and narrow at the bottom
Structure；It is provided with multiple to the piston compression sprue mechanism of described piston cylinder section inner chamber conveying fracturing fluid and piston in described housing
Position sprue mechanism, wherein, the port of export that described piston compresses sprue mechanism is located above described piston, described piston reset
The port of export of sprue mechanism is located at below described piston；It is additionally provided with described housing to the described plunger case below described plunger
The fluid conveying fracturing fluid in section inner chamber supplements runner mechanism.
As one of embodiment, in described housing, it is provided with valve block and lower disc；Described lower disc is fixed on described housing
In inner chamber and positioned at described piston cylinder section top, form the cylinder top of described piston cylinder section；Described upper valve block is closely against in described
On the upper surface of lower disc.
As one of embodiment, described lower disc is provided with the first eccentric through-hole and by-pass prot, described first eccentric through-hole
And the equal eccentric setting of described by-pass prot and eccentric throw is identical, lower disc upper and lower ends described in described first eccentric through-hole insertion, institute
State by-pass prot arrival end and be opened in described lower disc upper surface, the port of export is opened on the wall of described lower disc side；In described housing
It is provided with piston reset sprue, described piston reset sprue one end is connected with the port of export of described by-pass prot, the other end in wall
With the inner space of described piston cylinder section and be located at below described piston；It is correspondingly provided with the second eccentric through-hole on described upper valve block,
Upper valve block upper and lower ends described in described second eccentric through-hole insertion, the eccentric throw of described second eccentric through-hole is eccentric with described first
The eccentric throw of through hole is identical；Described upper valve block is connected with the drive mechanism driving it to rotate around itself vertical axis.
As one of embodiment, this underground booster also include in piston compression process by described piston cylinder section
The piston that fracturing fluid below described piston is directed to outside described housing compresses auxiliary runner mechanism；Described piston compresses secondary flow road
The first piston that mechanism is included in described housing wall compresses secondary flow road and second piston compression secondary flow road and located at described
The first guiding gutter on the wall of upper valve block side, described first piston compression secondary flow road two ends are all opened in described inner walls, its
The inner space of middle one end and described piston cylinder section and being located at below described piston, the other end is in close proximity to described upper valve block side wall and sets
Put, described second piston compression secondary flow road one end open and is in close proximity to the wall setting of described upper valve block side in described inner walls,
The other end is opened on described housing exterior walls；When described first eccentric through-hole and described second eccentric through-hole conducting, described first
Guiding gutter and described first piston compress secondary flow road and described second piston compression secondary flow road and are both turned on；Described by-pass prot with described
During the second eccentric through-hole conducting, described first guiding gutter is closed by described inner walls.
As one of embodiment, this underground booster also include for during piston reset by described piston cylinder section
The auxiliary runner mechanism of piston reset that fracturing fluid above described piston is directed to outside described housing；Described piston reset secondary flow road
Mechanism includes described first guiding gutter, the first piston reset secondary flow road in described housing wall and second piston reset secondary flow
Road, described first piston reset secondary flow road two ends are all opened in described inner walls, wherein one end and described piston cylinder section
Inner space and be located above described piston, the other end is in close proximity to the setting of described upper valve block side wall, and described second piston resets auxiliary
Runner one end open and is in close proximity to the wall setting of described upper valve block side in described inner walls, and the other end is opened in outside described housing
On wall；When described by-pass prot and described second eccentric through-hole conducting, described first guiding gutter and described first piston reset secondary flow
Road and second piston reset secondary flow road are both turned on；When described first eccentric through-hole and described second eccentric through-hole conducting, described the
One guiding gutter is closed by described inner walls.
The present embodiments relate to a kind of downhole pressure increasing fracturing tool, including underground booster as above, described well
The plunger case section port of export of lower supercharger is connected with the first packer.
The embodiment of the present invention further relates to one kind and carries out downhole pressure increasing pressure break using downhole pressure increasing fracturing tool as above
Method, comprise the steps:
Step one, in horizontal well or straight well, conveying gun perforation rifle carries out cable perforation；
Step 2, rise perforation hole rifle, under enter described downhole pressure increasing fracturing tool to perforation；
Step 3, conveys fracturing fluid to described underground booster；By described underground booster by a part of pressure break stream
Body is pressurized, and makes the first packer setting；Work on described underground booster, in described first packer, pressure reaches and sets
Definite value makes the pressure limiting valve in described first packer open, and fracturing fluid injects the stratum at perforation, until this layer of position completes to press
Split；
Step 4, makes described first removing seal for packer, acts described downhole pressure increasing fracturing tool；
Step 5, insulates the layer position of pressure break using bridging plug；
Step 6, repeat step one, to step 5, all completes pressure break up to all stratum.
As one of embodiment, described fracturing fluid is water, nitrogen, carbon dioxide foaming or low-pressure propane gas.
The present embodiments relate to a kind of downhole pressure increasing fracturing tool, including underground booster as above, also include
Second packer, pressure reduction sliding-sleeve nipple and the 3rd packer, the plunger case section of described underground booster, described second packer,
Described pressure reduction sliding-sleeve nipple and described 3rd packer are sequentially connected.
The embodiment of the present invention further relates to one kind and carries out downhole pressure increasing pressure break using downhole pressure increasing fracturing tool as above
Method, comprise the steps:
Step one, in horizontal well or straight well, conveying gun perforation rifle carries out the perforation on whole stratum；
Step 2, under enter described downhole pressure increasing fracturing tool to the perforation of end, and just make described pressure reduction sliding-sleeve nipple
To perforation, this end perforated zone is surrounded by described second packer with described 3rd packer；
Step 3, conveys fracturing fluid to described underground booster；By described underground booster by a part of pressure break stream
Body is pressurized, and makes described second packer setting；Work on described underground booster, in described second packer, pressure reaches
The pressure limiting valve in described second packer is made to open to setting value, fracturing fluid injects described pressure reduction sliding-sleeve nipple and the described 3rd
In packer, and make above-mentioned 3rd packer setting；Work on described underground booster, in described pressure reduction sliding-sleeve nipple
Pressure reach setting value, so that described pressure reduction sliding-sleeve nipple is opened, fracturing fluid enters stratum, until this layer of position completes pressure break；
Step 4, makes described second packer and described 3rd removing seal for packer, by described downhole pressure increasing fracturing tool to
Rear dragging is pulled at next perforation, and makes described pressure reduction sliding-sleeve nipple just to perforation, and described second packer insulates with the described 3rd
This end perforated zone is surrounded by device；Repeat step three, makes this layer of position complete pressure break；
Step 5, repeat step four, until all stratum all complete pressure break.
The embodiment of the present invention at least has the advantages that and acts on piston by fracturing fluid, by piston and post
Transmission effect between plug, by piston and the two-step supercharging effect of plunger and the high-efficient pressurizing effect of plunger, makes fracturing fluid
It is pressurized.Above-mentioned purpose is realized using working solution, has both made this underground booster structure simple, and can effectively reduce energy
Consumption, simultaneously because decreasing the use of related electric equipment, is effectively guaranteed the safety of equipment.
Based on downhole pressure increasing fracturing tool provided in an embodiment of the present invention and method, achievable following beneficial effect:
(1) only one or two tread conventional drilling slush pumps need to be utilized, by oil pipe or coiled tubing by extensive work
Liquid is transported to down-hole, through downhole pressure increasing fracturing tool, directly a part of working solution is pressurized to pressure break desirable pressure, required adopts
Ground installation pressure rating is less than 30mpa, not there is a problem of for high pressure being delivered to shaft bottom by ground, need not be huge
Land equipment, high pressure pipe joint and wellhead assembly, and reduce the performance requirement of equipment, pressure break cost reduces by more than 70%.
(2) reduce water consumption, environmental protection.
Downhole pressure increasing fracturing tool provided in an embodiment of the present invention and method, reduce the safety requirements of pressure break, Ke Yigai
Enter the component of fracturing fluid, replace water including with nitrogen or carbon dioxide foaming, thus can reduce water consumption, or injection is low
Pressure propane flammable gas, low-pressure propane gas can be compressed into lpg colloid in downhole pressure increasing, realize pressure break, lpg colloid and air-fuel mixture simultaneously
Together, itself as fuel, thus can not have such problems as wastewater treatment yet, effectively reduces production cost.
Using downhole hydraulic Splitting Method, most of fracturing fluid is in downhole pressure increasing, less to the destruction on pipeline and stratum, will not
Reveal, cause environmental pollution.
(3) improve safety
Because the pressure of land equipment and pipeline is not high, reduce the security risk of system.
(4) it is suitable for any well stimulation work
China's hydraulic fracturing technology is no longer limited by buried depth, and either Shallow Oil-Gas or middle deep oil gas field, even super
Deep Oil/gas Well, all can carry out pressure break using downhole pressure increasing fracturing tool provided in an embodiment of the present invention and method；Either straight well,
Or extended reach well or horizontal well, all can be pressed using downhole pressure increasing fracturing tool provided in an embodiment of the present invention and method
Split；The either unconventionaloil pool such as shale gas, or conventional gas and oil, all can adopt downhole pressure increasing pressure provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Split instrument and method carries out pressure break.
Brief description
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing
Have technology description in required use accompanying drawing be briefly described it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description be only this
Some embodiments of invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, acceptable
Other accompanying drawings are obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
The structural representation of the underground booster that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention one；
Fig. 2 is the sectional view in Fig. 1 along a-a；
Fig. 3 is the sectional view in Fig. 1 along b-b；
Fig. 4 is the sectional view in Fig. 1 along c-c；
Fig. 5 is the sectional view in Fig. 1 along d-d；
Fig. 6 is the sectional view in Fig. 1 along e-e；
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of upper valve block provided in an embodiment of the present invention；Wherein, Fig. 7 a is that the cross section of upper valve block is cutd open
Depending on schematic diagram, Fig. 7 b is a longitudinal section cross-sectional schematic of upper valve block, and Fig. 7 c is that another longitudinal section section view of upper valve block is shown
It is intended to；
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of lower disc provided in an embodiment of the present invention；Wherein, Fig. 8 a cuts open for the cross section of lower disc
Depending on schematic diagram, Fig. 8 b is a longitudinal section cross-sectional schematic of lower disc, and Fig. 8 c is that another longitudinal section section view of lower disc is shown
It is intended to；
Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of the piston auxiliary runner mechanism of compression in the compression process in piston provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 10 is the schematic diagram of the auxiliary runner mechanism of piston reset in the compression process in piston provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 11 is the schematic diagram of the auxiliary runner mechanism of the piston reset during piston reset provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 12 is the schematic diagram that the piston during piston reset provided in an embodiment of the present invention compresses auxiliary runner mechanism；
The structural representation of the downhole pressure increasing fracturing tool that Figure 13 provides for the embodiment of the present invention two；
The schematic diagram of the downhole pressure increasing fracturing process that Figure 14 provides for the embodiment of the present invention three；
The structural representation of the downhole pressure increasing fracturing tool that Figure 15 provides for the embodiment of the present invention four；
The structural representation of the pressure reduction sliding-sleeve nipple that Figure 16 provides for the embodiment of the present invention four；
The operation principle schematic diagram of the pressure reduction sliding-sleeve nipple that Figure 17 provides for the embodiment of the present invention four；
The schematic diagram of the downhole pressure increasing fracturing process that Figure 18 provides for the embodiment of the present invention five.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation description is it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is all other that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of not making creative work
Embodiment, broadly falls into the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment one
As Fig. 1-Fig. 7, the present embodiments relate to a kind of underground booster 3, including housing 301, this housing 301 has interior
Chamber, usually, according to the demand of wellbore construction, this housing 301 is in cylindrical shape.Described housing 301 is included from top to bottom successively
The piston cylinder section of arrangement and plunger case section, above-mentioned piston cylinder section is turned on the inner chamber of above-mentioned plunger case section, in described piston cylinder section
It is slidably equipped with piston 308, in described plunger case section, is slidably equipped with plunger 309, described piston 308 connects and composes one with described plunger 309
Step axle construction wide at the top and narrow at the bottom.Above-mentioned piston cylinder section and above-mentioned plunger case section are formed in one formula structure, above-mentioned piston 308 with
Above-mentioned plunger 309 can be connected by being fixedly connected mode or be integrally formed；The size of above-mentioned piston 308 and above-mentioned piston cylinder section
Interior chamber size coupling, above-mentioned piston 308 can upper-lower seal sliding in this piston cylinder section inner chamber；The size of above-mentioned plunger 309 with
The interior chamber size coupling of above-mentioned plunger case section, above-mentioned plunger 309 can upper-lower seal sliding in this plunger case section inner chamber；Wherein,
Above-mentioned piston 308 and above-mentioned plunger 309 both preferably adopt cylindrical structure, and the diameter of plunger 309 is less than the straight of piston 308
Footpath, the two is preferably coaxially disposed, and preferably overlaps with the axis of housing 301.It should be noted that usually, this well
Lower supercharger 3 is to enter vertically in pit shaft, and during for being applied in horizontal well, it is also first to enter back into this horizontal well via straight well
Interior, thus, in the present embodiment, using the structure describing mode in above-mentioned upper and lower orientation；Level is applied to for this underground booster 3
Situation in well, with this underground booster 3 near one end of well head as its rear end, the other end be front end, above-mentioned piston cylinder section with
As from the rear end of this underground booster 3, extreme direction is sequentially arranged above-mentioned plunger case section forward, and this is to those skilled in the art
Speech is beyond all doubt；Then for the relative position relation up and down being subsequently related to, it is also applied for above-mentioned explanation content.
Above-mentioned piston 308 and above-mentioned plunger 309 are used for fracturing fluid is pressurized, and in the present embodiment, mainly pass through to make
For piston 308, by the transmission effect between piston 308 and plunger 309, by the two-step supercharging of piston 308 and plunger 309
Effect and the high-efficient pressurizing effect of plunger 309, make fracturing fluid be pressurized.The active force of piston 308 is applied to pass through electricity
The driving equipments such as machine realize it is contemplated that the factor such as the complexity of equipment, weight and safety, in the present embodiment, preferably adopt work
It is that above-mentioned fracturing fluid realizes above-mentioned purpose as liquid, both made this underground booster 3 structure simple, and can effectively reduce energy
Consumption, simultaneously because decreasing the use of related electric equipment, is effectively guaranteed the safety of equipment.Specifically, described housing 301
Inside it is provided with piston compression sprue mechanism and the piston reset sprue mechanism conveying fracturing fluid to described piston cylinder section inner chamber,
Wherein, described piston compresses the port of export of sprue mechanism above described piston 308, described piston reset sprue mechanism
The port of export be located at described piston 308 below.Fracturing fluid is conveyed by the intracavity space to above or below piston 308,
So that piston 308 moves down or upper shifting under the driving of fluid energy of fracturing fluid, that is, piston 308 compresses or resets, thus driving post
Plug 309 moves down or upper shifting, realizes the pressurized treatment to fracturing fluid in plunger 309 cylinder.
Continue the structure of above-mentioned underground booster 3, as shown in Figure 1, Figure 3 and Figure 4, is provided with valve block 305 He in described housing 301
Lower disc 306；Described lower disc 306 is fixed in described housing 301 inner chamber and is located at described piston cylinder section top, is formed described
The cylinder top of piston cylinder section；Described upper valve block 305 is closely against on the upper surface of described lower disc 306.Above-mentioned lower disc 306
The cross sectional shape of corresponding position of shape and size and this housing 301 inner chamber and size fit, thus this lower disc 306 is embedded in
It is fixed in this housing 301 inner chamber, and housing 301 inner chamber above and below this lower disc 306 is separated；Above-mentioned piston cylinder section
Constitute housing 301 part of this lower disc 306 lower section with above-mentioned plunger case section.Above-mentioned upper valve block 305 is preferably and lower disc
306 have identical shape of cross section and size, and that is, on this, the lower surface of valve block 305 and the upper surface of lower disc 306 are in plane
Contact.
Further, as Fig. 1-Fig. 9, described lower disc 306 is provided with the first eccentric through-hole 3061 and by-pass prot 3062, institute
State the first eccentric through-hole 3061 and described by-pass prot 3062 all deviates the vertical axis setting of described lower disc 306, described first
Lower disc 306 upper and lower ends described in eccentric through-hole 3061 insertion, described by-pass prot 3062 arrival end is opened in described lower disc 306
Upper surface, the port of export is opened on described lower disc 306 side wall；It is provided with piston reset sprue in described housing 301 wall
307, described piston reset sprue 307 one end is connected with the port of export of described by-pass prot 3062, the other end and described piston cylinder
Section inner space and be located at described piston 308 below；Second eccentric through-hole 3051, institute are correspondingly provided with described upper valve block 305
State upper valve block 305 upper and lower ends described in the second eccentric through-hole 3051 insertion and deviate the vertical axis setting of described upper valve block 305.
The eccentric throw of above-mentioned first eccentric through-hole 3061, by-pass prot 3062 and above-mentioned second eccentric through-hole 3051 is identical.Described upper valve block
305 be connected with drive its around itself vertical axis rotate drive mechanism so that described second eccentric through-hole 3051 with described
First eccentric through-hole 3061 and described by-pass prot 3062 periodically turn on.Above-mentioned second eccentric through-hole 3051 is eccentric with above-mentioned first
Through hole 3061 constitutes above-mentioned piston compression sprue mechanism, above-mentioned second eccentric through-hole 3051 and above-mentioned by-pass prot 3062 and
Above-mentioned piston reset sprue 307 constitutes above-mentioned piston reset sprue mechanism.As Fig. 8-Fig. 9, above-mentioned first is eccentric logical
Hole 3061 and by-pass prot 3062 preferably (open up positional symmetry rather than shape pair along the vertical axis of lower disc 306 are symmetrical
Claim) it is ensured that piston 308 upward cycle is consistent with downstream cycle, and ensure piston 308 up stroke and piston 308 downward storke
Unanimously, to ensure the stable operation of this underground booster 3.Position on upper valve block 305 for above-mentioned second eccentric through-hole 3051 should
It is correspondingly arranged, during ensureing that upper valve block 305 rotates on lower disc 306, this second eccentric through-hole 3051 can be eccentric with first logical
Hole 3061 and by-pass prot 3062 are docked.Upper valve block 305 is driven to rotate around itself vertical axis by above-mentioned drive mechanism, that is, on this
Valve block 305 rotates so that the second eccentric through-hole 3051 is led with the first eccentric through-hole 3061 periodicity on lower disc 306 upper surface
Logical, and the second eccentric through-hole 3051 is periodically turned on by-pass prot 3062, namely make above-mentioned piston compression sprue machine
Structure periodically opens and closes, and above-mentioned piston reset sprue mechanism is periodically opened and closed, so that piston
308 periodic downlink or uplinks, thus realize the periodicity supercharging of pressure fluid.
Optimize the structure of above-mentioned underground booster 3 further, such as Fig. 1, Figure 10 and Figure 11, this underground booster 3 also includes
For the fracturing fluid below piston 308 described in described piston cylinder section being directed to described shell in piston 308 compression process
Piston outside body 301 compresses auxiliary runner mechanism；Described piston compresses auxiliary runner mechanism and includes in described housing 301 wall the
One piston compression secondary flow road 312 and second piston compression secondary flow road 313 and the guiding gutter on described upper valve block 305 side wall
3052, described first piston compression secondary flow road 312 two ends are all opened on described housing 301 inwall, wherein one end and described work
The inner space of plug cylinder section and be located at below described piston 308, the other end is in close proximity to described upper valve block 305 side wall setting, described
Second piston compression secondary flow road 313 one end open and is in close proximity to described upper valve block 305 side wall and sets on described housing 301 inwall
Put, the other end is opened on described housing 301 outer wall；Described first eccentric through-hole 3061 is led with described second eccentric through-hole 3051
When logical, described guiding gutter 3052 and described first piston compress secondary flow road 312 and described second piston compression secondary flow road 313 all leads
Logical；When described by-pass prot 3062 and described second eccentric through-hole 3051 conducting, described guiding gutter 3052 is by described housing 301 inwall
Closing.In piston 308 compression process (during i.e. piston 308 is descending), auxiliary runner mechanism is compressed by above-mentioned piston and will live
In plug cylinder section, the inner chamber of piston 308 lower section is connected with housing 301 external space (i.e. annular space between housing 301 and pit shaft), will live
The fracturing fluid of plug 308 lower section is directed to outside housing 301, is easy to the smooth descending of piston 308.
Optimize the structure of above-mentioned underground booster 3 further, such as Fig. 1, Figure 12 and Figure 13, this underground booster 3 also includes
For the fracturing fluid above piston 308 described in described piston cylinder section being directed to described shell in piston 308 reseting procedure
The auxiliary runner mechanism of piston reset outside body 301.The auxiliary runner mechanism of described piston reset includes described guiding gutter 3052, located at described
First piston reset secondary flow road 314 in housing 301 wall and second piston reset secondary flow road 315, described first piston resets auxiliary
Runner 314 two ends are all opened on described housing 301 inwall, wherein the inner space of one end and described piston cylinder section and be located at institute
State above piston 308, the other end is in close proximity to the side wall setting of described upper valve block 305；Described second piston reset secondary flow road 315 one end
It is opened on described housing 301 inwall and is in close proximity to the side wall setting of described upper valve block 305, the other end is opened in described housing 301
On outer wall；When described by-pass prot 3062 and described second eccentric through-hole 3051 conducting, described guiding gutter 3052 is lived with described first
Plug reset secondary flow road 314 and second piston reset secondary flow road 315 are both turned on；Described first eccentric through-hole 3061 is inclined with described second
During heart through hole 3051 conducting, described guiding gutter 3052 is closed by described housing 301 inwall.Above-mentioned first piston reset secondary flow road
314 corresponding end can directly be opened on the piston cylinder section inwall of piston 308 top, also can take following structure: as Fig. 9,
Figure 11 and Figure 12, offers a connectivity slot 3063 on lower disc 306, and this connectivity slot 3063 has and is opened in lower disc 306 bottom
End so as with the first opening of piston cylinder section inner space and the second opening being opened on lower disc 306 side wall, above-mentioned
The corresponding end in first piston reset secondary flow road 314 is connected with this second opening.Piston 308 reseting procedure (is lived
Fill in 308 up during), by the auxiliary runner mechanism of above-mentioned piston reset by the inner chamber of piston in piston cylinder section 308 top and shell
Body 301 external space connects, and the fracturing fluid of piston 308 top is directed to outside housing 301, is easy to the smooth up of piston 308.
Wherein, above-mentioned guiding gutter 3052 is along upper valve block 305 radial direction from upper valve block 305 side wall valve block 305 vertical axes on this
Line side depression forms, and in an arc-shaped groove-type structure, the set location of this guiding gutter 3052 should ensure that will not be eccentric to above-mentioned second
Through hole 3051 is interfered with the connectivity structure of above-mentioned first eccentric through-hole 3061 and above-mentioned by-pass prot 3062, to avoid impact to live
The compression effectiveness of plug 308.Preferably, as Fig. 1-Figure 13, vertical through upper valve block 305 with above-mentioned second eccentric through-hole 3051
On the basis of the vertically symmetrical face of axis, face (considers the feelings of the through hole that the second eccentric through-hole 3051 is cylindrical hole or other shapes
Under condition its vertically symmetrical face there may be multiple), the vertically symmetrical face of above-mentioned guiding gutter 3052 is vertical with this datum level；Above-mentioned two
Piston 308 compression secondary flow road (i.e. first piston compression secondary flow road 312 and second piston compress secondary flow road 313) and above-mentioned two-piston
308 reset secondary flow roads (i.e. first piston reset secondary flow road 314 with second piston reset secondary flow road 315) are just to being distributed in housing
(it is located on the same vertically symmetrical face of housing 301) on the inwall of 301 both sides.For aforesaid first eccentric through-hole 3061 with
By-pass prot 3062 along the symmetrical situation of the vertical axis of lower disc 306, with through this first eccentric through-hole 3061 and bypass
The vertical plane in hole 3062 is first plane of symmetry of housing 301, with through above-mentioned two-piston 308 compression secondary flow road and above-mentioned two-piston
The vertical plane in 308 reset secondary flow roads is second plane of symmetry of housing 301, and this first plane of symmetry is vertical with this second plane of symmetry.
Directly can run to the bottom of piston cylinder section under acting on for the fluid in fracturing fluid during avoiding piston 308 descending
Portion, and lead to above-mentioned piston reset sprue failure mechanisms, it is provided with for limiting described piston 308 further in housing 301
The position-limit mechanism of downward storke, this position-limit mechanism is located at below described piston 308.This position-limit mechanism can be using in piston cylinder section
The structure of one step (illustrating, do not mark) is set, and this step is from piston cylinder section inwall to piston cylinder section below piston 308
The ring-shaped step that vertical axis direction is protruded, this step can stop piston 308 descending further；Above-mentioned piston reset main flow
The port of export in road 307 is preferably opened in below this step；Certainly, also can be by arranging above-mentioned Step-edge Junction in plunger case section
Structure, equally can achieve the control to piston 308 downward storke by limiting the downward storke of plunger 309.In the present embodiment, such as scheme
1, above-mentioned position-limit mechanism includes spring (illustrating, do not mark), and described spring is set on described plunger 309, and one end against
In described piston 308 lower surface, the other end is resisted against described plunger case section top.Above-mentioned spring preferably adopts compression spring；
Above-mentioned spring one side descending to piston 308 can play spacing and cushioning effect, controls piston 308 speed descending with plunger 309
Degree is unlikely to too fast, to ensure safety and the stable operation of equipment, on the other hand, during piston 308 is up, spring
Rebound effect can accelerate piston 308 reset speed, improves work efficiency.Preferably, as Fig. 1 and Fig. 7, in above-mentioned piston cylinder section
Corresponding position is provided with cannelure (illustrating, do not mark), and to install above-mentioned spring, this cannelure to the compression of spring and returns
Play guide effect again it is ensured that piston 308 compress and reseting procedure stability.It is further preferred that in the present embodiment, above-mentioned
The structure that position-limit mechanism is combined with limited step using spring；As Fig. 1 and Fig. 7, the structure of above-mentioned limited step is embodied in: above-mentioned
Cannelure is and arranges a circular column (illustrating, do not mark), the vertical axis of this circular column and housing in piston cylinder section bottom
301 vertical axis overlap, and the annular diameters of this circular column are identical with the diameter of plunger 309, so that plunger 309 passes through this annular
Post, the outer annular diameter of this circular column is less than adjacent housing 301 inner diameter, thus housing 301 inwall adjacent with this surrounds
Above-mentioned cannelure, above-mentioned circular column can simultaneously work as the effect spacing to piston 308 downward storke, above-mentioned piston reset main flow
The port of export in road 307 is located at below this circular column top.
Continue the structure of above-mentioned underground booster 3, described housing 301 is additionally provided with to described in described plunger 309 lower section
The fluid conveying fracturing fluid in plunger case section inner chamber supplements runner mechanism.Wherein, between the mode of conveying fracturing fluid can be
Every time conveying, alternatively persistently convey, in the present embodiment, using lasting mode of movement.As Fig. 1 and Fig. 6, above-mentioned fluid supplement
Runner mechanism includes at least one fluid supplement hole being opened on housing 301, and each fluid supplement hole is supplemented by fluid respectively
Runner and the plunger case section inner space of plunger 309 lower section；Supplement runner at each fluid supplement hole or in each fluid further
Upper setting check valve 310 it is ensured that fracturing fluid can by each fluid supplement hole enter plunger case section inner chamber in and can not be from plunger case
Flow out to outside housing 301 in section inner chamber.Above-mentioned each fluid supplements runner and is preferably located at the downward storke end of plunger 309,
Above-mentioned each check valve 310 can adopt ball valve.
In addition, one of as the presently preferred embodiments, such as Fig. 1, plunger case section bottom (i.e. the port of export of this plunger case section,
Namely the port of export of this underground booster 3) setting check valve 311 it is ensured that fracturing fluid can be discharged by plunger case section and can not be from
Enter below plunger case section in this plunger case section inner chamber.Above-mentioned check valve 311 can adopt ball valve.
Continue the structure of above-mentioned underground booster 3, and similarly, in driving, valve block 305 can around the mode of own axis
To be realized by electrical equipment etc., in the present embodiment, it is that above-mentioned fracturing fluid realizes above-mentioned purpose preferably using working solution, both
Make this underground booster 3 structure simple, and can effective reducing energy consumption, simultaneously because decreasing making of related electric equipment
With being effectively guaranteed the safety of equipment.As Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, above-mentioned drive mechanism includes turbine 302, described turbine 302 located at
In described housing 301 and above described upper valve block 305, the turbine wheel shaft of described turbine 302 is axially parallel to described housing 301
Axial direction, described turbine wheel shaft lower end and described upper valve block 305 top are connected；It is additionally provided with for radial support in described housing 301
The least one set righting board muscle 303 of described turbine wheel shaft, righting board muscle 303 described at least one of group is arranged in described turbine 302
Turbo blade above, be all connected by tc bearing between described turbine wheel shaft and each described righting board muscle 303, each described righting
Plate muscle 303 has the opening of at least one its upper and lower ends of insertion.Turbine 302 is driven to rotate by fracturing fluid, thus carrying
Dynamic upper valve block 305 rotates on lower disc 306 upper surface.Optimize said structure further, wherein, such as Fig. 1 and Fig. 8, in upper valve
Protruding upward on the upper surface of piece 305 be provided with a connecting shaft, this connecting shaft is coaxially disposed with upper valve block 305, can by fixing even
The mode of connecing connects or is integrally formed, that is, make above-mentioned upper valve block 305 be in a step axle construction；Above-mentioned drive mechanism also includes a footpath
To tc bearing 304, this radial direction tc bearing 304 top is connected with the lower thread of turbine wheel shaft, the bottom of this radial direction tc bearing 304 with
Above-mentioned connecting shaft is threaded, that is, realize being fixedly connected of turbine wheel shaft and upper valve block 305.In the present embodiment, above-mentioned righting board muscle
303 are two groups, are located above and below the turbo blade of turbine 302 respectively, with more preferable supports turbine shaft.Each righting board muscle
Opening on 303 both preferably arranges multiple, ringwise arranges, so that readily flowed supreme valve block 305 upper table of fracturing fluid
Face, and then enter in piston cylinder section.I.e. in the present embodiment, driven by the rotation that fracturing fluid can realize turbine 302 simultaneously
Upper valve block 305 rotates and drives piston 308 to compress or reset, the effectively save energy, reducing energy consumption.
Embodiment two
As Fig. 1, the present embodiments relate to a kind of downhole pressure increasing fracturing tool, provide including such as above-described embodiment one
Underground booster 3, here is omitted for the concrete structure of this underground booster 3.The plunger case section outlet of described underground booster 3
End is connected with the first packer 4.Above-mentioned packer 4 can adopt existing packer 4, is specifically as follows using hydraulic expanding
Packer 4, realizes setting of packer 4 using the fracturing fluid of the supercharging being entered by underground booster 3.
In the present embodiment, using the structure of preferred packer 4 as follows:
As Fig. 1, a kind of the present embodiment packer 4 of offer, it includes mandrel 42, rubber tube 41, control valve 44, sealing sliding sleeve
48 and fixes sleeve 49, wherein, above-mentioned mandrel 42 upper end is threaded connection with the plunger case section bottom of underground booster 3, close
Envelope sliding sleeve 48, rubber tube 41 and fixes sleeve 49 are sequentially connected composition one outer tube from top to bottom, and this outer tube coaxial sleeve is located at mandrel
Outside 42, and leave gap (preferably annular gap) and mandrel 42 between, form one and allow fracturing fluid to enter and between storage
Gap chamber 43；The upper and lower ends closing of this spatia 43, specifically, the plunger case section of sealing sliding sleeve 48 upper end and underground booster 3
Bottom abuts and encapsulation process at abutting, and fixes sleeve 49 bottom interior wall is fitted with mandrel 42 and in joint place encapsulation process.
Mandrel 42 is provided with least one and sets runner, each one end setting runner is connected with above-mentioned spatia 43, the other end
With mandrel 42 inner space, in each setting, control valve 44 is provided with runner, to control fracturing fluid turnover spatia 43, from
And control setting and unsealing of packer 4.The above-mentioned runner that respectively sets preferably is arranged at mandrel 42 top.Further in mandrel 42
Inside it is provided with the non-return mechanism preventing frac fluid flow back, in the present embodiment, this non-return mechanism includes an arrow valve 45, a valve seat
47 and limit spring 46, valve seat 47 is fixed in mandrel 42 inner chamber, and on valve seat 47, limit spring 46 is used for limiting arrow valve 45
The up and down motion stroke of arrow valve 45 processed；The concrete mounting structure of above-mentioned arrow valve 45, limit spring 46 and valve seat 47 refers to
Fig. 1, it is that those skilled in the art easily learn according to prior art, and here is omitted.In addition, this packer 4 also wraps
Include limited valve (not shown), for controlling whether the fracturing fluid in mandrel 42 inner chamber discharges outside packer 4；Work as packer
When in 4, pressure meets or exceeds the default restriction pressure value of this pressure limiting valve, this pressure limiting valve is opened, and fracturing fluid can discharge packer
Outside 4.
Embodiment three
As Figure 14, the present embodiments relate to a kind of downhole pressure increasing fracturing process, it adopts above-described embodiment two to be provided
Downhole pressure increasing fracturing tool carry out downhole pressure increasing pressure break, comprise the steps:
Step one, in horizontal well or straight well, conveying gun perforation rifle carries out cable perforation；
Step 2, rise perforation hole rifle, under enter described downhole pressure increasing fracturing tool to perforation 7；
Step 3, conveys fracturing fluid to described underground booster 3；By described underground booster 3 by a part of pressure break
Fluid pressurized, makes the first packer 4 set；Work on described underground booster 3, pressure in described first packer 4
Reaching setting value makes the pressure limiting valve in described first packer 4 open, and fracturing fluid injects the stratum at perforation 7, until this layer
Position completes pressure break；
Step 4, makes described first packer 4 unseal, and acts described downhole pressure increasing fracturing tool；
Step 5, insulates the layer position of pressure break using bridging plug 6；
Step 6, repeat step one, to step 5, all completes pressure break up to all stratum.
Wherein, in above-mentioned steps one, crawl device or coiled tubing 2 conveying gun perforation rifle can be adopted.In above-mentioned steps three, can lead to
Cross ground routine slush pump 1 and oil pipe 2 or coiled tubing 2 and convey fracturing fluid to underground booster 3.In above-mentioned steps five, tool
Body is that bridging plug is linked together with perforating gun, adopts waterpower pumping mode conveying bridging plug and perforation in horizontal well or straight well
Rifle, and carry out insulating the layer position of pressure break.After all stratum all complete pressure break, can bore all bridging plugs using coiled tubing 2,
Obtain clean pit shaft.
In said method, no doubt, under initial situation, while to underground booster 3 conveying fracturing fluid, also may be used
To the annular space conveying fracturing fluid between downhole pressure increasing fracturing tool and pit shaft, in order to the plunger case section to underground booster 3
Interior timely supplementary fracturing fluid；During follow-up work, because existing partial open fluid projects entrance ground from packer 4
Layer, has the fracturing fluid of cross flow in pit shaft, now can convey to annular space as needed or not convey fracturing fluid.
In the present embodiment, due to using downhole pressure increasing fracturing tool, fracturing fluid can be pressurized to needed for pressure break in down-hole
Pressure, the ground installation pressure break grade of use can be less than 30mpa, not there is a problem of for high pressure being delivered to shaft bottom by ground,
Land equipment that need not be huge, high pressure pipe joint and wellhead assembly, and reduce the performance requirement of equipment, thus also reduce pressure
The safety requirements splitting, therefore, above-mentioned fracturing fluid using conventional water it is also possible to without water, and can adopt nitrogen or dioxy
Change carbon foam etc. to replace, effectively can reduce water consumption, low-pressure propane gas may also be employed, low-pressure propane gas can be in downhole pressure increasing pressure
Shorten lpg colloid into, realize pressure break, and lpg colloid is together with air-fuel mixture, itself also can use as fuel, thus not
There is wastewater treatment, effectively reduce production cost.
Example IV
As Figure 15, the present embodiments relate to a kind of downhole pressure increasing fracturing tool, its basic structure and institute in embodiment two
The downhole pressure increasing fracturing tool providing is identical, thes improvement is that and also includes one section of pressure reduction sliding-sleeve nipple 5 and another section of packer
4, the downhole pressure increasing fracturing tool that is, the present embodiment provides includes the underground booster 3 that embodiment one is provided, and also includes second
Packer 8, pressure reduction sliding-sleeve nipple 5 and the 3rd packer 9, the plunger case section of described underground booster 3, described second packer 8,
Described pressure reduction sliding-sleeve nipple 5 and described 3rd packer 9 are sequentially connected, and constitute an overall structure, preferably adopt threaded
Mode.Above-mentioned second packer 8 is identical with the structure of the first packer 4 employed in embodiment two with the 3rd packer 9.
Above-mentioned pressure reduction sliding-sleeve nipple 5 can adopt existing pressure reduction sliding-sleeve nipple 5；In the present embodiment, using preferred as follows
The structure of pressure reduction sliding-sleeve nipple 5:
As Figure 16-Figure 17, this pressure reduction sliding-sleeve nipple 5 includes sliding sleeve body 52, piston type sliding sleeve 53, spring 54 and sealing member
55, sliding sleeve body 52 offers multiple spray-holes 51, piston type sliding sleeve 53 is slidedly arranged in the inner chamber of sliding sleeve body 52, by this
The sliding process of piston type sliding sleeve 53 can turn on or separate the connected relation of spray-hole 51 and sliding sleeve body 52 inner chamber；This sealing member
55 ringwise, and this sealing member 55 outer annular diameter is adapted to sliding sleeve body 52 internal diameter and is fixed in sliding sleeve body 52, this sealing member
55 annular diameters are adapted to piston type sliding sleeve 53, thus piston type sliding sleeve 53 can seal sliding along this sealing member 55.Above-mentioned work
Plug sliding sleeve 53 is in funnel-form, and including the conical cylinder section that a direct tube section and are wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, wherein, the top of conical cylinder section is near second
Packer 8 is arranged, and this conical cylinder section top end diameter is identical with sliding sleeve body 52 internal diameter, thus can slide along sliding sleeve body 52 inwall
Move, this conical cylinder section bottom is connected with above-mentioned direct tube section, and above-mentioned direct tube section external diameter is identical with above-mentioned sealing member 55 annular diameters, thus
Can be along this sealing member 55 sliding.Above-mentioned spring 54 is sheathed on above-mentioned piston type sliding sleeve 53, and one end is connected to above-mentioned conical cylinder section top
End, the other end is connected on sealing member 55.
During use, pressure fluid enters in sliding sleeve body 52, and acts on and (act on above-mentioned piston type sliding sleeve 53
State conical cylinder section top), spring 54 is compressed, and piston type sliding sleeve 53 seals sliding along sealing member 55, makes the spray on sliding sleeve body 52
Perforation 51 can enter stratum by spray-hole 51 with the conducting of sliding sleeve body 52 inner chamber, fracturing fluid.
Embodiment five
As Figure 18, the present embodiments relate to a kind of downhole pressure increasing fracturing process, it adopts above-described embodiment four to be provided
Downhole pressure increasing fracturing tool carry out downhole pressure increasing pressure break, comprise the steps:
Step one, in horizontal well or straight well, conveying gun perforation rifle carries out the perforation on whole stratum；
Step 2, under enter described downhole pressure increasing fracturing tool to the perforation 7 of end, and make described pressure reduction sliding-sleeve nipple 5
Just to perforation 7, this end perforation 7 region is surrounded by described second packer 8 and described 3rd packer 9；
Step 3, conveys fracturing fluid to described underground booster 3；By described underground booster 3 by a part of pressure break
Fluid pressurized, makes described second packer 8 set；Work on described underground booster 3, in described second packer 8
Pressure reaches setting value makes the pressure limiting valve in described second packer 8 open, fracturing fluid inject described pressure reduction sliding-sleeve nipple 5 and
In described 3rd packer 9, and above-mentioned 3rd packer 9 is made to set；Work on described underground booster 3, described pressure
Pressure in difference sliding-sleeve nipple 5 reaches setting value, so that described pressure reduction sliding-sleeve nipple 5 is opened, and fracturing fluid enters stratum, until this
Layer position completes pressure break；
Step 4, makes described second packer 8 and described 3rd packer 9 unseal, by described downhole pressure increasing fracturing tool
Draw backward to next perforation 7, and make described pressure reduction sliding-sleeve nipple 5 just to perforation 7, described second packer 8 and described the
This end perforation 7 region is surrounded by three packers 9；Repeat step three, makes this layer of position complete pressure break；
Step 5, repeat step four, until all stratum all complete pressure break.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all essences in the present invention
Within god and principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement made etc., should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of underground booster it is characterised in that: include housing, described housing includes the piston cylinder being sequentially arranged from top to bottom
Section and plunger case section, described piston cylinder section and the inner chamber conducting of described plunger case section, are slidably equipped with piston in described piston cylinder section, institute
State and in plunger case section, be slidably equipped with plunger, described piston and described plunger connect and compose a step axle construction wide at the top and narrow at the bottom；
It is provided with piston compression sprue mechanism and piston reset sprue mechanism, described piston compresses sprue machine in described housing
Structure and piston reset sprue mechanism are used to convey fracturing fluid to described piston cylinder section inner chamber, wherein, described piston compression
The port of export of sprue mechanism is located above described piston, and the port of export of described piston reset sprue mechanism is located at described piston
Lower section；
The fluid supplement conveying fracturing fluid in the described plunger case section inner chamber below described plunger is additionally provided with described housing
Runner mechanism.
2. underground booster as claimed in claim 1 it is characterised in that: be provided with valve block and lower disc in described housing；
Described lower disc is fixed in described housing cavity and is located at described piston cylinder section top, forms the cylinder of described piston cylinder section
Top；
Described upper valve block is closely against on the upper surface of described lower disc.
3. underground booster as claimed in claim 2 it is characterised in that: described lower disc is provided with the first eccentric through-hole and side
Through hole, described first eccentric through-hole and the equal eccentric setting of described by-pass prot and eccentric throw is identical, described first eccentric through-hole insertion
Described lower disc upper and lower ends, described by-pass prot arrival end is opened in described lower disc upper surface, the port of export be opened in described under
On the wall of valve block side；
It is provided with piston reset sprue, the outlet of described piston reset sprue one end and described by-pass prot in described housing wall
Hold the inner space of connection, the other end and described piston cylinder section and be located at below described piston；
Second eccentric through-hole is correspondingly provided with described upper valve block, upper valve block upper and lower ends described in described second eccentric through-hole insertion,
The eccentric throw of described second eccentric through-hole is identical with the eccentric throw of described first eccentric through-hole；
Described upper valve block is connected with the drive mechanism driving it to rotate around itself vertical axis.
4. underground booster as claimed in claim 3 it is characterised in that: also include for will be described in piston compression process
The piston that fracturing fluid below piston described in piston cylinder section is directed to outside described housing compresses auxiliary runner mechanism；
Described piston compresses first piston compression secondary flow road and the second piston that auxiliary runner mechanism includes in described housing wall
Compression secondary flow road and the first guiding gutter on the wall of described upper valve block side,
Described first piston compression secondary flow road two ends are all opened in described inner walls, wherein one end and described piston cylinder section
Inner space and be located at below described piston, the other end is in close proximity to the setting of described upper valve block side wall,
Described second piston compression secondary flow road one end open and is in close proximity to the wall setting of described upper valve block side in described inner walls,
The other end is opened on described housing exterior walls；
When described first eccentric through-hole and described second eccentric through-hole conducting, described first guiding gutter is compressed with described first piston
Secondary flow road and described second piston compression secondary flow road are both turned on；When described by-pass prot and described second eccentric through-hole conducting, described
First guiding gutter is closed by described inner walls.
5. underground booster as claimed in claim 3 it is characterised in that: also include for will be described during piston reset
The auxiliary runner mechanism of piston reset that fracturing fluid above piston described in piston cylinder section is directed to outside described housing；
It is auxiliary that the auxiliary runner mechanism of described piston reset includes described first guiding gutter, the first piston in described housing wall resets
Runner and second piston reset secondary flow road,
Described first piston reset secondary flow road two ends are all opened in described inner walls, wherein one end and described piston cylinder section
Inner space and be located above described piston, the other end is in close proximity to the setting of described upper valve block side wall,
Described second piston reset secondary flow road one end open and is in close proximity to the wall setting of described upper valve block side in described inner walls,
The other end is opened on described housing exterior walls；
When described by-pass prot and described second eccentric through-hole conducting, described first guiding gutter and described first piston reset secondary flow road
And second piston reset secondary flow road is both turned on；When described first eccentric through-hole and described second eccentric through-hole conducting, described first
Guiding gutter is closed by described inner walls.
6. a kind of downhole pressure increasing fracturing tool it is characterised in that: include down-hole as any one of claim 1 to 5 and increase
Depressor, the plunger case section port of export of described underground booster is connected with the first packer.
7. a kind of method that downhole pressure increasing pressure break is carried out using downhole pressure increasing fracturing tool as claimed in claim 6, its feature
It is, comprise the steps:
Step one, in horizontal well or straight well, conveying gun perforation rifle carries out cable perforation；
Step 2, rise perforation hole rifle, under enter described downhole pressure increasing fracturing tool to perforation；
Step 3, conveys fracturing fluid to described underground booster；By described underground booster, a part of fracturing fluid is increased
Pressure, makes the first packer setting；Work on described underground booster, in described first packer, pressure reaches setting value
The pressure limiting valve in described first packer is made to open, fracturing fluid injects the stratum at perforation, until this layer of position completes pressure break；
Step 4, makes described first removing seal for packer, acts described downhole pressure increasing fracturing tool；
Step 5, insulates the layer position of pressure break using bridging plug；
Step 6, repeat step one, to step 5, all completes pressure break up to all stratum.
8. downhole pressure increasing fracturing process as claimed in claim 7 it is characterised in that: described fracturing fluid be water, nitrogen, dioxy
Change carbon foam or low-pressure propane gas.
9. a kind of downhole pressure increasing fracturing tool it is characterised in that: include down-hole as any one of claim 1 to 5 and increase
Depressor, also includes the second packer, pressure reduction sliding-sleeve nipple and the 3rd packer, the plunger case section of described underground booster, described
Second packer, described pressure reduction sliding-sleeve nipple and described 3rd packer are sequentially connected.
10. a kind of method that downhole pressure increasing pressure break is carried out using downhole pressure increasing fracturing tool as claimed in claim 9, its feature
It is, comprise the steps:
Step one, in horizontal well or straight well, conveying gun perforation rifle carries out the perforation on whole stratum；
Step 2, under enter described downhole pressure increasing fracturing tool to the perforation of end, and make described pressure reduction sliding-sleeve nipple just to penetrating
Hole, this end perforated zone is surrounded by described second packer with described 3rd packer；
Step 3, conveys fracturing fluid to described underground booster；By described underground booster, a part of fracturing fluid is increased
Pressure, makes described second packer setting；Work on described underground booster, in described second packer, pressure reaches and sets
Definite value makes the pressure limiting valve in described second packer open, and fracturing fluid injects described pressure reduction sliding-sleeve nipple and described 3rd packing
In device, and make above-mentioned 3rd packer setting；Work on described underground booster, the pressure in described pressure reduction sliding-sleeve nipple
Power reaches setting value, so that described pressure reduction sliding-sleeve nipple is opened, fracturing fluid enters stratum, until this layer of position completes pressure break；
Step 4, makes described second packer and described 3rd removing seal for packer, by described downhole pressure increasing fracturing tool to rear dragging
It is pulled at next perforation, and makes described pressure reduction sliding-sleeve nipple just to perforation, described second packer will with described 3rd packer
This end perforated zone surrounds；Repeat step three, makes this layer of position complete pressure break；
Step 5, repeat step four, until all stratum all complete pressure break.
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| CN116658143A (en) * | 2023-07-17 | 2023-08-29 | 延长油田股份有限公司七里村采油厂 | Open hole fracturing crack directional opening tool and construction method |
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