CN106341673A - Novel 2D/3D panoramic VR video storing method - Google Patents
Novel 2D/3D panoramic VR video storing method Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
- H04N13/10—Processing, recording or transmission of stereoscopic or multi-view image signals
- H04N13/106—Processing image signals
- H04N13/139—Format conversion, e.g. of frame-rate or size
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
- H04N13/10—Processing, recording or transmission of stereoscopic or multi-view image signals
- H04N13/189—Recording image signals; Reproducing recorded image signals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/42—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals characterised by implementation details or hardware specially adapted for video compression or decompression, e.g. dedicated software implementation
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Abstract
The invention puts forward a VR video storing method comprising the following steps: (1) projection: an in-sphere projection method is adopted, namely, by supposing that there is an inscribed regular octahedron in a sphere, the sphere texture is equidistantly compressed and projected onto the inscribed regular octahedron with the viewpoint of the regular octahedron as the center, and two square images of which the width-to-height ratio is 1: 1, a first image and a second image respectively, are generated by use of the in-sphere projection method based on the textures of two 180-degree panoramic hemispheres; (2) segmentation: with the diagonal lines as segmentation lines, the second image is equally segmented into four isosceles right triangles; and (3) splicing: after rotation and translation, the four isosceles right triangles in step (2) are spliced together with the four sides of the first image to form a new image.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of virtual reality, more particularly, to a kind of storage method of vr video.
Background technology
Panoramic picture refers to, using vr camera, obtain image sequence, recycles the splicing to image so that image melts
Close, generate panoramic picture.
Spherical 360 degree of panoramic shootings be the seamless coverage to aerial image and whole capture, enumerate and with camera lens be
All scenery in the three dimensions at center, no matter from definition or from the point of view of the result of virtual reality, it be all seamless or
There is no border, but in two-dimensional stage, it is seen that be usually one 2: 1 (i.e. 16: 8 ≈ 16: 9) ratio histogram
Picture.
In the present patent application file involved wide and high than being 2: 1, as the width well known to field of video processing and
High ratio is 16: 8.
At present in Video processing and display field, the video pictures width of main flow and at high proportion and screen width and at high proportion
For 16: 9, meet the video of the standards such as 720p, 1080p, 4k, shooting, record, make, compression, transmission, storage, display each
Efficiency highest in individual link, because the related software and hardware of most of video is all by criteria optimization.If vr video format connects
Nearly 16: 9 standard, will obtain compatibility well, and effectiveness of performance is optimal.For this reason, compressing the width of video and needing at high proportion to the greatest extent
Possible satisfaction 16: 9.
Three-dimensional panorama processes the conventional several projection patterns of software and has at present: cylinder projection, hexahedron projection.
Cylinder projects, and is illustrated in figure 1 the schematic diagram of spherical projection, when 2d form stores, after projection process
Panoramic picture be the image that a fabric width and Gao Bi are 2: 1 (i.e. 16: 8) ratio, and its border has continuity.This projection side
Method is simple, and image procossing is simple, but under identical video capacity, the top of image and bottom be stretched seriously, closer to
Two-stage, deformation is more serious, and two end points up and down of two-stage, it is drawn into a pixel line.If stretching is uneven, will make
Obtain final image quality poor, because final video effect image quality is to be together decided on by raw data image quality and stretching rear video image quality
, relatively low effectively with both;Secondly, the larger region image quality of Partial shrinkage also can be caused poor, partly stretch too many image quality and surpass
Cross raw data image quality, also will result in waste.
When 3d form stores, its by be spliced into about two wide and high images than for 2: 1 (i.e. 16: 8) one wide and
High than the image for 4: 1, the image the ratio of width to height being unsatisfactory for main flow is 16: 9 form, need for this to carry out water to video image
The compression of flat or vertical direction, be spliced into about video image one wide and high compare for 4: 1 image when, by horizontal compression
Mode, be compressed into the wide and high image than for 2: 1;Or video image passes through to be spliced into 1: 1 image up and down, then enters again
Row vertical compression becomes 2: 1 image, and horizontally or vertically direction is subject to different degrees of compressing in this way.Due to video
Image is compressed, and causes the uniformity stretching poor.
Hexahedron projects, the panoramic picture after projection process be a fabric width and at high proportion 3: 2 image, and its adjacent surface
Between border there is discontinuous problem.Border continuity, when referring to the splicing of panoramic picture adjacent surface, the side between face and face
Boundary is continuous in actual sphere.When panoramic picture generates, need first to obtain image sequence, then the image sequence obtaining is spelled
Connect so that image co-registration, generate panoramic picture.When the adjacent video image sequence border obtaining is discontinuous, it is easily caused spelling
The place of connecing obscures.
To sum up, in the pre-production of vr video, need to meet:
(1) make as far as possible compression of images become wide and at high proportion close to 16: 9 image;
(2) when projecting, all directions stretching will uniformly, to solve the inhomogeneities stretching, cause final image quality difference and
Wasting phenomenon;
(3) in identical amount of capacity, reduce and waste, store more images as far as possible;
(4) when adjacent image splicing, fusion, stitching portion confounding issues are solved.
Content of the invention
For solving above technical problem, the present invention proposes a kind of storage method of vr video, divides keeping original image
In the case of resolution, reduce the wasting phenomenon of image surrounding.
A kind of storage method of new 2d panorama vr video is it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
1) project;Projecting method in spheroid: assume to connect a regular octahedron, during the viewpoint with regular octahedron is in spheroid
The heart, equidistant for spheroid texture compression is projected on the regular octahedron connecing in it;Texture on two 180 degree panorama hemisphere is adopted
Projecting method in spheroid, generates two fabric widths and the square-shaped image that is 1: 1 at high proportion, be designated as respectively piece image, second
Width image;
2) split;With the diagonal of the second width image as cut-off rule, split, be divided into 4 pieces of isosceles right angles three
Angular;
3) splice;By step 2) in 4 pieces of isosceles right triangles carry out rotating, translate after with piece image four articles
While being spliced, form a new image.
By using projecting method in above-mentioned spheroid, merging existing octahedron projecting method, stretching uniformity is good, warp
Panoramic picture after projection process be a fabric width and at high proportion 2: 1 image, be closer to existing 16: 9 video image lattice
Formula;And the border between its adjacent surface is continuous, can effectively solving border confounding issues.
Further, two panorama hemisphere have overlapping boundary image.When panorama hemisphere has the borderline region figure of overlap
During picture, effectively solving can prevent border confounding issues further.
Further, step 2) in it is assumed that the four edges of piece image respectively mark is sb1, sb2, sb3, sb4;By
Two width images are divided into 4 pieces of isosceles right triangles (21,22,23,24);During splicing, keep piece image constant, by isosceles
So as to hypotenuse is overlapped with the side sb1 of piece image after 90 degree of right angled triangle 21 rotate counterclockwise;By isosceles right triangle
So as to hypotenuse is overlapped with the side sb2 of piece image after 22 90 degree of rotate counterclockwises;By isosceles right triangle 23 dextrorotation
So as to hypotenuse is overlapped with the side sb3 of piece image after turning 90 degrees;After isosceles right triangle 24 dextrorotation is turn 90 degrees,
Its hypotenuse is made to overlap with the side sb4 of piece image.
Present invention also offers a kind of storage method of new 3d panorama vr video, the number of panorama hemisphere is 4, by phase
Two adjacent panorama hemisphere are divided into one group, after each group is processed through the method described in claim 1-3 any one, form one
New image h1 and image h2, then image h1 and image h2 is spliced, formed one wide and at high proportion 16: 8 image.
Further, two neighboring panorama hemisphere has the boundary image of overlap.When two neighboring panorama hemisphere has overlap
Borderline region image when, effectively solving can prevent border confounding issues further.
Present invention also offers the storage method of another kind of 2d panorama vr video, comprise the steps:
1) project;Projecting method in spheroid: assume to connect a regular octahedron, during the viewpoint with regular octahedron is in spheroid
The heart, equidistant for spheroid texture compression is projected on the regular octahedron connecing in it;Two adjacent panorama hemisphere adopt in spheroid
Projection side generates two fabric widths and the square-shaped image being 1: 1 at high proportion, is designated as piece image, the second width image respectively;
2) split;With the diagonal of the second width image as cut-off rule, split, be divided into 4 pieces of isosceles right angles three
Angular;
3) splice;4 pieces of isosceles right triangles carry out splicing after mirror image to the first width pros with the hypotenuse of its own for axle
The four edges of shape image, form the new image of a width.
The difference from the storage method of above-mentioned 2d panorama vr video for this method is, the method for splicing is different, remaining
All same.
Further, adjacent panorama hemisphere has the image-region of overlap.When adjacent panorama hemisphere has the figure of overlap
During as region, effectively solving can prevent border confounding issues further.I.e. before the synthesis of panorama hemisphere, when shooting, adjacent
Camera lens have overlap field range.
Further it is assumed that the four edges difference mark of piece image is sb1, sb2, sb3, sb4;With the second width image
Diagonal is cut-off rule, is split, is divided into 4 pieces of isosceles right triangles (21,22,23,24);Will be straight for 4 pieces of isosceles
Angle triangle carries out mirror image with the hypotenuse of its own for axle, formed new 4 pieces of isosceles right triangles (n21, n22, n23,
N24), then translated respectively so that the hypotenuse of isosceles right triangle n21 overlap with the side sb1 of piece image so that
The hypotenuse of isosceles right triangle n22 overlap with the side sb2 of piece image so that the hypotenuse of isosceles right triangle n23 with
Piece image while sb3 overlap so that the hypotenuse of isosceles right triangle n24 is overlapped with the while sb4 of piece image, finally
Formed one wide and at high proportion for 1: 1 new square.
Present invention also offers a kind of number of the storage method panorama hemisphere of new 3d panorama vr video is 4, by phase
Two adjacent panorama hemisphere are divided into one group, after each group is processed through above-mentioned method, form a width new image h1 and image h2,
Again image h1 and image h2 is spliced, formed one wide and at high proportion 16: 8 image.
Further, adjacent panorama hemisphere has the boundary image of overlap.When adjacent panorama hemisphere has the side of overlap
During battery limit (BL) area image, effectively solving can prevent border confounding issues further.
It is an advantage of the current invention that abandoned adopting in sphere rectangular projection or cylindrical equidistant projection to image top, bottom
Portion, edge part are stretched, and the image pixel producing becomes big.By using above technical scheme, in storage, first
Image is compressed, in the case of keeping original picture quality, the size of image substantially diminishes, thus, identical stores
Space, can store more images.As shown in Figure 2 b, by the circle of the video storage method of the present invention and employing in prior art
Whether cylinder projection and hexahedron are projected in the wide and high of video and than carry out in 16: 8, stretching uniformity, border continuity
Contrast, from table, when 2d and 3d panorama vr video store, in terms of stretching uniformity, continuity, effect is bright for the present invention
Show and be better than remaining two ways.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of cylinder projection;
Fig. 2 a is that the compression of images of the present invention shows the intention of projection;
Fig. 2 b is the effect comparison table of the present invention and prior art.
Fig. 3 is the field range that 2d shoots;
Fig. 4 is that the scene that 2d is shot within sweep of the eye carries out compression of images schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 a is that in embodiment 1, the image in Fig. 4 is carried out with segmentation rearrangement;
Fig. 5 b is that in embodiment 2, the image in Fig. 4 is carried out with segmentation rearrangement;
Fig. 6 a is the new image of formation after embodiment 1 sequence splicing;
Fig. 6 b is the new image of formation after embodiment 2 sequence splicing;
Fig. 7 is the field range that 3d shoots;
The scene scheming to shoot within sweep of the eye carries out the schematic diagram of compression of images;
Fig. 9 is that the image in Fig. 8 is carried out with segmentation rearrangement;
Figure 10 is the image that the image rearrangement in Fig. 9 is formed;
The 3d image that Figure 11 is ultimately formed.
Specific embodiment
In order that technological means, creation characteristic, reached purpose and effect that the present invention realizes are easy to understand, tie below
Close diagram and specific embodiment, the present invention is expanded on further.
It is illustrated in figure 2 the compression of images schematic diagram of the present invention.The present invention adopts in spheroid projecting method it is assumed that in spheroid
Connect a regular octahedron, connect in equidistant for spheroid texture being compressed on regular octahedron a.This method for compressing image, can keep away
Exempt from the unlimited stretching at zenith, image circumferential images are compressed, it is to avoid wasting phenomenon.
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Fig. 3,4,5a, 6a, it is the storage method of 2d panorama vr video.As shown in figure 3, there is overlapping side for two
Panorama hemisphere b and c of battery limit (BL) area image, using in the spheroid using Fig. 2 a project compression method, generate piece image b1 and
Second width image c1.
As shown in Fig. 4,5a, piece image b1 be a foursquare image it is assumed that its four edges be respectively (sb1,
sb2、sb3、sb4);Second width image c1 is a foursquare image, with its diagonal as cut-off rule, is split, by it
It is divided into 4 pieces of isosceles right triangles (21,22,23,24).
Four isosceles right triangles after image c segmentation after cutting are resequenced, during sequence, keeps image
B1 is constant, by after 90 degree of isosceles right triangle 21 rotate counterclockwise so as to hypotenuse is overlapped with the side sb1 of image b1;By isosceles
So as to hypotenuse is overlapped with the side sb2 of image b1 after 90 degree of right angled triangle 22 rotate counterclockwise;Will be suitable for isosceles right triangle 23
Hour hands ratate 90 degrees afterwards so as to hypotenuse is overlapped with the side sb3 of image b1;Isosceles right triangle 24 dextrorotation is turn 90 degrees
Afterwards so as to hypotenuse is overlapped with the side sb4 of image b1;As shown in Figure 6 a, be that image c1 carries out after segmentation rearranges, image b1 with
C1 combination formed one wide and at high proportion for 1: 1 new square-shaped image.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Fig. 3,4,5b, 6b, the difference from embodiment 1 for the embodiment 2 is, will be cut using different sort methods
Four isosceles right triangles that the second width image c1 after cutting is formed carry out rearrangement splicing to piece image b1's
On four edges, specifically:
With the diagonal of the second width image c1 as cut-off rule, split, be divided into 4 pieces of isosceles right triangles
(21、22、23、24);4 pieces of isosceles right triangles are carried out mirror image with the hypotenuse of its own for axle, forms 4 pieces of new isosceles straight
Angle triangle (n21, n22, n23, n24), is then translated so that the hypotenuse of isosceles right triangle n21 and image respectively
B1 overlaps so that the hypotenuse of isosceles right triangle n22 overlaps with the while sb2 of image b1 so that isosceles right angle trigonometry in sb1
The hypotenuse of shape n23 is overlapped so that the hypotenuse of isosceles right triangle n24 and the while sb4 of image b1 are heavy in sb3 with image b1
Close.As shown in Figure 6 b, eventually form one wide and at high proportion be 1: 1 new square-shaped image.
Embodiment 3
As illustrated in figures 7-11, for being related to the storage method of three dimensions video image.The storage method of 3d panorama vr video,
It includes the panorama hemisphere of 4 180 degrees, be designated as d, e, f, g respectively it is assumed that d, e be upper hemisphere it is assumed that f, g be lower hemisphere,
Between adjacent panorama hemisphere, there is overlapping border section image.Using the projection compression method of Fig. 2 a, generate respectively a fabric width and
It is 1: 1 image d1, e1, f1, g1 at high proportion.
As shown in Figure 8,9 it is assumed that the four edges of image d1 are respectively (sd1, sd2, sd3, sd4);Linea angulata with image e1
For cut-off rule, split, be divided into 4 pieces of isosceles right triangles (21a, 22a, 23a, 24a);
According to the method in embodiment 1, to after the segmentation of image e1 four isosceles right triangles (21a, 22a, 23a,
24a) again split splicing to image d1 surrounding, during sequence, keep image d1 constant, will be inverse for isosceles right triangle 21a
Hour hands ratate 90 degrees afterwards so as to hypotenuse is overlapped with the side sd1 of image d1;By 90 degree of isosceles right triangle 22a rotate counterclockwise
Afterwards so as to hypotenuse is overlapped with the side sd2 of image d1;By isosceles right triangle 23a dextrorotation turn 90 degrees after so as to hypotenuse with
The side sd3 of image d1 overlaps;So as to the side sd4 of hypotenuse and image d1 after isosceles right triangle 24a dextrorotation is turn 90 degrees
Overlap;As shown in Figure 10, it is that image e1 carries out after segmentation rearranges, it is wide and be at high proportion that image d1 combines formation one with e1
1: 1 new square h1.
In the same manner, for lower hemisphere, image f1 is a foursquare image, with its diagonal as cut-off rule, by its etc.
It is divided into 4 pieces of isosceles right triangles (11b, 12b, 13b, 14b);Image g1 is a foursquare image, with its diagonal is
Cut-off rule, is split, and is divided into 4 pieces of isosceles right triangles (21b, 22b, 23b, 24b);
According to the method in embodiment 1 it is assumed that its four edges is respectively (sf1, sf2, sf3, sf4);Image g1 is split
Four isosceles right triangles (21b, 22b, 23b, 24b) afterwards are split splicing again to image f1 surrounding, during sequence, protect
Hold that image f1 is constant, by after 90 degree of isosceles right triangle 21b rotate counterclockwise so as to hypotenuse is overlapped with the side sf1 of image d1;
By after 90 degree of isosceles right triangle 22b rotate counterclockwise so as to hypotenuse is overlapped with the side sf2 of image d1;By isosceles right angle three
Angular 23b dextrorotation turn 90 degrees afterwards so as to hypotenuse is overlapped with the side sf3 of image d1;Will be clockwise for isosceles right triangle 24b
So as to hypotenuse is overlapped with the side sf4 of image d1 after ratating 90 degrees;As shown in Figure 10, it is that image g1 carries out after segmentation rearranges,
It is wide and at high proportion for 1: 1 new square h2 that image f1 combines formation one with g1.
Image h1, h2 are spliced, as shown in figure 11, be spliced to form one wide and at high proportion 16: 8 image, very
Compare 16: 9 close to existing video is wide and high.
Embodiment 4
The difference from embodiment 3 for the embodiment 4 is, according to the method in embodiment 2, to four after the segmentation of image e1
Individual isosceles right triangle (21a, 22a, 23a, 24a) is split splicing again to image d1 surrounding, during sequence, keeps image
D1 is constant, four isosceles right triangles (21a, 22a, 23a, 24a) with respective hypotenuse as axle, after carrying out mirror image, Ran Houping
Move to the surrounding of image d1, with the splicing of its four edges.To after the segmentation of image g1 four isosceles right triangles (21b, 22b,
23b, 24b) again split splicing to image f1 surrounding, during sequence, keep image f1 constant, four isosceles right triangles
(21b, 22b, 23b, 24b), with respective hypotenuse as axle, after carrying out mirror image, then moves to the surrounding of image f1, with its four
Side is spliced.
General principle, principal character and the advantages of the present invention of the present invention have been shown and described above.The technology of the industry
, it should be appreciated that the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments, the simply explanation described in above-described embodiment and specification is originally for personnel
Invention principle, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention the present invention also have various changes and modifications, these change
Change and improvement both falls within scope of the claimed invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of storage method of new 2d panorama vr video is it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
1) project;Projecting method in spheroid: assume to connect a regular octahedron in spheroid, centered on the viewpoint of regular octahedron, will
The equidistant compression of spheroid texture projects on the regular octahedron connecing in it;Texture on two 180 degree panorama hemisphere is adopted spheroid
Interior projecting method is reborned into two fabric widths and is 1: 1 square-shaped image at high proportion, is designated as piece image, the second width figure respectively
Picture;
2) split;With the diagonal of the second width image as cut-off rule, split, be divided into 4 pieces of isosceles right triangles;
3) splice;By step 2) in 4 pieces of isosceles right triangles carry out rotating, translate after enter with the four edges of piece image
Row splicing, forms the new image of a width.
2. the storage method of 2d panorama vr video according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that two panorama hemisphere have weight
Folded boundary image.
3. the storage method of 2d panorama vr video according to claim 2 is it is characterised in that step 2) in it is assumed that first
Mark is sb1, sb2, sb3, sb4 to the four edges of width image respectively;Second width image is divided into 4 pieces of isosceles right triangles
(21、22、23、24);During splicing, keep piece image constant, after 90 degree of isosceles right triangle 21 rotate counterclockwise, make
Its hypotenuse is overlapped with the side sb1 of piece image;By after 90 degree of isosceles right triangle 22 rotate counterclockwise so as to hypotenuse and
The side sb2 of piece image overlaps;So as to hypotenuse and piece image after isosceles right triangle 23 dextrorotation is turn 90 degrees
Side sb3 overlaps;So as to hypotenuse is overlapped with the side sb4 of piece image after isosceles right triangle 24 dextrorotation is turn 90 degrees.
4. a kind of storage method of new 3d panorama vr video, will be adjacent it is characterised in that the number of panorama hemisphere is 4
Two panorama hemisphere are divided into one group, after each group is processed through the method described in claim 1-3 any one, form a width new
Image h1 and image h2, then image h1 and image h2 is spliced, formed one wide and at high proportion 16: 8 image.
5. the storage method of 3d panorama vr video according to claim 4 is it is characterised in that two neighboring panorama half ball
There is the boundary image of overlap.
6. a kind of storage method of new 2d panorama vr video is it is characterised in that comprise the steps: 1) projection;Throw in spheroid
Image method: assume to connect a regular octahedron in spheroid, centered on the viewpoint of regular octahedron, equidistant for spheroid texture compression is thrown
On the regular octahedron that shadow connects in it;Texture on two 180 degree panorama hemisphere is adopted projecting method in spheroid to generate two fabric widths
It is 1: 1 square-shaped image at high proportion, be designated as piece image, the second width image respectively;
2) split;With the diagonal of the second width image as cut-off rule, split, be divided into 4 pieces of isosceles right triangles;
3) splice;4 pieces of isosceles right triangles carry out splicing to the first square-shaped image after mirror image with the hypotenuse of its own for axle
Four edges, formed a new image.
7. the storage method of 2d panorama vr video according to claim 6 is it is characterised in that adjacent camera lens has overlap
Field range.
8. the storage method of 2d panorama vr video according to claim 6 is it is characterised in that assume the four of piece image
Mark is sb1, sb2, sb3, sb4 respectively on bar side;With the diagonal of the second width image as cut-off rule, split, by its decile
Become 4 pieces of isosceles right triangles (21,22,23,24);4 pieces of isosceles right triangles are carried out mirror with the hypotenuse of its own for axle
Picture, forms new 4 pieces of isosceles right triangles (n21, n22, n23, n24), is then translated so that isosceles right angle three respectively
The hypotenuse of angular n21 overlaps with the side sb1 of piece image so that the hypotenuse of isosceles right triangle n22 and piece image
Overlap so that the hypotenuse of isosceles right triangle n23 overlaps with the while sb3 of piece image so that isosceles right angle three in sb2
The hypotenuse of angular n24 is overlapped with the side sb4 of piece image, eventually form one wide and at high proportion be 1: 1 new square.
9. a kind of storage method of new 3d panorama vr video is it is characterised in that the quantity of camera lens is 4, by adjacent two
Camera lens is divided into one group, after each group is processed through the method described in any one of claim 6-8, forms a new image h1 and figure
As h2, then image h1 and image h2 is spliced, formed one wide and at high proportion 16: 8 image.
10. the storage method of 3d panorama vr video according to claim 9 is it is characterised in that the field range of 4 camera lenses
It is more than 360 degree.
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