CN106340271A - Common electrode driving method and circuit applied to electrophoretic display - Google Patents
Common electrode driving method and circuit applied to electrophoretic display Download PDFInfo
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- CN106340271A CN106340271A CN201610007719.7A CN201610007719A CN106340271A CN 106340271 A CN106340271 A CN 106340271A CN 201610007719 A CN201610007719 A CN 201610007719A CN 106340271 A CN106340271 A CN 106340271A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000208340 Araliaceae Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000005035 Panax pseudoginseng ssp. pseudoginseng Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 235000003140 Panax quinquefolius Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 235000008434 ginseng Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000001962 electrophoresis Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003094 microcapsule Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009182 swimming Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
- G09G3/3433—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using light modulating elements actuated by an electric field and being other than liquid crystal devices and electrochromic devices
- G09G3/344—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using light modulating elements actuated by an electric field and being other than liquid crystal devices and electrochromic devices based on particles moving in a fluid or in a gas, e.g. electrophoretic devices
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Control Of Indicators Other Than Cathode Ray Tubes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a common electrode driving method and a circuit applied to an electrophoretic display, wherein the method comprises the following steps: receiving the write data; outputting a common voltage of a positive voltage level or a negative voltage level through an operational amplifier according to the write data; comparing whether the current written data and the next written data satisfy a predetermined difference value; when the current written data and the next written data meet the preset difference value, generating a switch signal; the bias current of the operational amplifier is closed through the switching signal, so that the operational amplifier outputs a zero voltage level; and ending the switch signal and continuing to receive the next write data.
Description
[technical field]
The invention relates to a kind of drive circuit, it is applied to electrophoresis especially with regard to one kind
The common electrode driving method of display and circuit.
[background technology]
Electrophoretic display (electro-phoretic display, epd), is a kind of by electricity
Field controls the electricity that coloured charged particle is constituted in such as microcapsule (microcapsule)
Move and then can show the display device of image in swimming system.Electrophoretic display has province
Electricity, be not required to backlight i.e. visual and, and the characteristic that after power-off, picture does not disappear, at present
Widely it is used in each field.
Existing electrophoretic display can using active-matrix drive, including upper and lower substrate,
The tft drive circuit being respectively provided on upper and lower base plate and common electrode and be located in up and down
Electrophoresis layer between substrate.Tft drive circuit then receives scanning signal to open each picture
Element, makes the pixel corresponding reception pixel voltage of unlatching；Common electrode receives common voltage, uses
To bias the pixel voltage of each pixel, constitute specific electric field to change in electrooptical structure layer
The position of coloured charged particle is showing grey-tone image.
However, because the common voltage of above-mentioned common electrode is frequently necessary in positive and negative voltage
Between level, (such as+15v and -15v) switching, is directly switch to negative from positive voltage level
Voltage quasi position or be directly switch to positive voltage level from negative voltage level and often all can cause
Some extra power consumptions.
Therefore it is necessary to provide a kind of common electrode driving method being applied to electrophoretic display and
Circuit, to solve the problems of prior art.
[content of the invention]
In view of the shortcoming of prior art, present invention is primarily targeted at providing a kind of answering
For the common electrode driving method of electrophoretic display, it is in common electrode in two different (positive and negative)
In switching between voltage, by the bias current of the operational amplifier of common electrode drive circuit
Close, and insert a tertiary voltage, made with reducing the switching between positive and negative voltage
The power consumption becoming；The bias current of operational amplifier is closed, it is possible to decrease the behaviour of operational amplifier
Make power consumption, also operational amplifier operations can be avoided to have influence on output voltage and cause additionally to consume
Electricity.
For reaching the object defined above of the present invention, the present invention provides one kind to be applied to electrophoresis showed
The common electrode driving method of device, described common electrode driving method comprises the following steps: to receive
Write data；According to write data pass through one operational amplifier export a positive voltage level or
The common voltage of negative voltage level；Whether write data writes data with next more at present
Meet a predetermined difference value；Meet pre- between current write data and next write data
When determining difference value, produce a switching signal；Described computing is closed by described switching signal
The bias current of amplifier, makes described operational amplifier output no-voltage level；And knot
Shu Suoshu switching signal simultaneously continues to next write data.
In one embodiment of this invention, the described step receiving write data is by one
Temporary storage location is captured in the mode of latching and stores the write data of time schedule controller.
In one embodiment of this invention, it is wherein by a decoding unit, this is temporary single
The common voltage switching signal that the write data conversion of unit's storage is answered in a pair, common with this
Voltage switching signal controls this operational amplifier selectively to receive positive voltage level or negative electricity
The reference voltage of pressure level, and export as common voltage after being amplified.
In one embodiment of this invention, it is wherein that mesh is compared by a logic control element
Whether front write data and next write data meet this predetermined difference value, and write at present
Enter when meeting predetermined difference value between data and next write data, by this logic control list
Unit produces this switch signal with reference to a pulse signal.
The present invention separately provides a kind of common electrode drive circuit being applied to electrophoretic display, its
Including: a temporary storage location, enable signal in order to receive a latch, to capture and to store one
Write data；One decoding unit, couples an outfan of described temporary storage location, in order to incite somebody to action
The common voltage switching letter that the write data conversion of described temporary storage location storage is answered in a pair
Number；One logic control element, couples outfan and the input of described temporary storage location, its
Whether meet a predetermined difference value in order to write data more at present with next write data,
And export a switching signal when meeting described predetermined difference value；And an operation amplifier
Device, couples described decoding unit and described logic control element, and it is according to from described solution
The code common voltage switching signal of unit and selectively receive the reference of different voltage quasi positions
Voltage, and export as common voltage after being amplified, wherein said operational amplifier in
Receive and during described switching signal, close its input bias current, and its outfan output zero
Voltage.
In one embodiment of this invention, described temporary storage location is a latch.
In one embodiment of this invention, described common voltage switching signal comprise to control defeated
Enter the first common voltage switching signal of positive voltage level, control input no-voltage level
Second common voltage switching signal and the 3rd common electricity of control input negative voltage level
Pressure switching signal.
In one embodiment of this invention, described logic control element has another input
In order to receive a pulse signal, when described logic control element write more at present data with
When next write data meets described predetermined difference value, described logic control element combines institute
State switching signal described in output of pulse signal.
In sum, the present invention is mainly relatively write in front and back by a logic control element
Enter the difference of data, when judge meet set difference when represent common voltage need to from work as
Front level exports a switching signal and is closed operational amplifier bias current, simultaneously
The output of operational amplifier is made first to switch to the ground voltage of zero level from current level, then
It is switched to next level again.Compared with being directly switched to next level from current level, this
The bright action first switching to no-voltage level is equal to and only needs to pay no-voltage level to next
The work done of voltage quasi position, therefore it is effectively reduced power consumption, and then extend the aobvious of electrophoretic display
Show switching times.
[brief description]
Fig. 1 is to be applied to being total to of electrophoretic display according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
The schematic diagram of electrode drive circuit.
Fig. 2 is the signal waveforms of the common electrode drive circuit of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the signal of the outfan of the operational amplifier of common electrode drive circuit of Fig. 1
Oscillogram.
Fig. 4 is to be applied to being total to of electrophoretic display according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
The flow chart of electrode driving method.
[specific embodiment]
It is to allow above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage to become apparent, cited below particularly
Invention preferred embodiment, and coordinate accompanying drawing, it is described in detail below.Furthermore, the present invention
The direction term being previously mentioned, for example " on ", D score, "front", "rear", " left ",
" right ", " interior ", " outward ", " side " etc., are only the directions with reference to annexed drawings.Cause
This, the direction term of use is to illustrate and understand the present invention, and is not used to limit this
Invention.
The present invention provides a kind of common electrode drive circuit being applied to electrophoretic display.Described
Electrophoretic display generally comprise time schedule controller, scanner driver, data driver (or
Claim source electrode driver) and the main element such as Electrophoretic display panels.Described time schedule controller is in order to connect
Receive the picture data of a display picture and export corresponding display data according to this.Turntable driving
Device data driver all couples described time schedule controller, wherein said time schedule controller control
Make described scanner driver and sequentially export multiple scanning signals, sequentially to open Electrophoretic display panels
Each pixel cell；Described data driver then receives the display of time schedule controller output
Data, provides the pixel cell that corresponding pixel voltage is unlocked to each.Electrophoretic display panels
By upper and lower substrate, common electrode, pixel electrode and the electricity between upper and lower substrate
Swimming layer is formed, and wherein common electrode receives common voltage；Each pixel electrode connects one
Tft unit and constitute above-mentioned pixel cell；Opened by scanning signal in tft unit
Under, pixel electrode receives pixel voltage then, constitutes cross-pressure with the common voltage of common electrode；
Described electrophoresis layer, in one embodiment, can be made up of a plurality of microcapsules, wherein each
Comprise coloured charged particle in microcapsule, the black particles of such as positively charged with negatively charged
White particles, above-mentioned cross-pressure produce electric field action under be moved respectively to upper and lower difference
Position, ultimately form image.
The common electrode drive circuit of the present invention is for producing the common of above-mentioned common electrode
Voltage.Refer to shown in Fig. 1, its disclose one embodiment of the present invention be applied to electricity
The common electrode drive circuit of phoretic display.It is temporary that described common electrode drive circuit mainly includes one
Memory cell 10, a decoding unit 11, a logic control element 12 and an operation amplifier
Device 13.
With reference to shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 2 is the signal wave of the common electrode drive circuit of Fig. 1
Shape figure.Described temporary storage location 10 can be a latch (latch), and it is derived from order to receive
One latch of time schedule controller enables signal le (latch enable), to capture and to store one
Write data.Said write data is the display data of time schedule controller.
Described decoding unit 11 couples an outfan of described temporary storage location 10, in order to incite somebody to action
The common voltage switching that the write data conversion of described temporary storage location 10 storage is answered in a pair
Signal (swp, sw0, swn), can comprise the first common electricity of control input positive voltage level
Pressure switching signal swp, the second common voltage switching signal of control input no-voltage level
Sw0 and the 3rd common voltage switching signal swn of control input negative voltage level.
Two inputs of described logic control element 12 are respectively coupled to described temporary storage location 10
Outfan and input, its receive simultaneously from time schedule controller next write money
Material data_bus and current write data data of described temporary storage location 10 storage, use
Whether a predetermined difference value is met with next write data with write data more at present.Institute
State logic control element 12 and there is another input in order to receive a pulse signal
Pws, when described logic control element 12 writes data and next write money more at present
When material meets described predetermined difference value, described logic control element 12 combines described pulse
Signal pws exports switching signal sw.
Described operational amplifier 13 couples described decoding unit 11 and described logic control list
Unit 12, its according to from described decoding unit 11 common voltage switching signal (swp,
Sw0, swn) and selectively receive the reference voltage of different voltage quasi positions, and after being amplified
Output, using the common voltage as the common electrode supplying above-mentioned electrophoretic display.Concrete and
Speech, in the present embodiment, the inverting input of described operational amplifier 13 passes through an electricity
Resistance connects to three outfans of a reference voltage supplies unit, described reference voltage supplies list
Three outfans of unit export the reference voltage vpos of positive voltage level, ground connection electricity respectively
The pressure gnd and reference voltage vneg of negative voltage level；One DC voltage vdc across
It is connected on inverting input and the outfan of described operational amplifier 13, therefore as Fig. 3
Shown, first when described decoding unit 11 output control input positive voltage level is common
During voltage switch signal swp, described operational amplifier 13 correspondence is output as
-vdc-vneg；When described decoding unit 11 output control inputs the of no-voltage level
During two common voltage switching signals sw0, described operational amplifier 13 correspondence is output as
-vdc；When described decoding unit 11 output control input negative voltage level the 3rd is common
During voltage switch signal swn, described operational amplifier 13 correspondence is output as
-vdc-vpos.Additionally, the power end of described operational amplifier 13 and outfan all couplings
Connect the outfan of aforementioned logic control unit 12, described operational amplifier 13 is subject to described
Switching signal sw of logic control element 12 output controls, and believes in receiving described switch
Number sw closes bias current, and the outfan of described operational amplifier 13 then exports no-voltage.
Because described logic control element 12 is write with next in write data more at present
After data meets predetermined difference value, can output switching signal sw by operational amplifier 13
Bias current is closed, and makes the positive/negative voltage from script for the output of operational amplifier 13
Before the common voltage of level prepares to switch to next level, first switch to connecing of no-voltage level
Ground voltage is switched to next level again, to avoid directly being switched to by positive/negative voltage quasi position
Next level.Thereby, compared to directly next level being switched to by positive/negative voltage quasi position,
The action first switching to no-voltage level is equal to and only needs to pay no-voltage level to next electricity
The work done of pressure level, therefore it is effectively reduced power consumption, and then extend the display of electrophoretic display
Switching times.Furthermore, the bias current of operational amplifier is closed, it is possible to decrease operation amplifier
The operation power consumption of device, also can avoid operational amplifier operations to have influence on output voltage and cause
Extra power consumption.
With further reference to shown in Fig. 4, based on above-mentioned common electrode drive circuit, the present invention
A kind of common electrode driving method is provided, comprises the steps of
100: receive write data, wherein mode is latched by temporary storage location 10
Capture and store the write data of time schedule controller；
101: an operational amplifier is passed through according to write data and exports a positive voltage level
Or the common voltage of negative voltage level, wherein pass through decoding unit 11 by described temporary list
The common voltage switching signal that the write data conversion of unit 10 storage is answered in a pair, with institute
Stating common voltage switching signal controls operational amplifier 13 selectively to receive positive voltage level
Or the reference voltage of negative voltage level, and output after being amplified, show as supply electrophoresis
Show the common voltage of the common electrode of device；
102: more whether write data and next write data meet one and make a reservation for
Difference value, be wherein by logic control element 12 write more at present data and next
Whether write data meets a predetermined difference value, and writes with next in current write data
When meeting predetermined difference value between data, pulse signal is combined by logic control element 12
Pws produces switching signal sw；
103: close the bias current of operational amplifier by switching signal, make described
Operational amplifier exports no-voltage level, and wherein said operational amplifier 13 is subject to described
Switching signal sw of logic control element 12 output controls, and believes in receiving described switch
Number sw closes bias current, and the outfan of described operational amplifier 13 then exports no-voltage
(ground voltage)；And
104: terminate described switching signal and continue to next write data, that is, return
To abovementioned steps 100.
In sum, the present invention is mainly relatively write in front and back by a logic control element
Enter the difference of data, when judge meet set difference when represent common voltage need to from work as
Front level (such as -15v) is switched to next level (+15v), that is, exporting a switching signal will
Operational amplifier bias current is closed, and the output simultaneously making operational amplifier is from current
Level (- 15v) first switches to the ground voltage (0v) of zero level, is then switched to down more surely
Position (+15v).Compared to being directly switched to next level from current level (- 15v)
(+15v), needs from the point of view of the benchmark of a level+15v to expend the electric charge of 30c below, and
The present invention first switch to no-voltage level action be equal to only need to pay no-voltage level (0v)
To the electric charge of the common 15c of next voltage quasi position (+15v), therefore it is effectively reduced power consumption, and then
Extend the display switching times of electrophoretic display.
The present invention is been described by by above-mentioned related embodiment, but above-described embodiment is only
Implement the example of the present invention.It must be noted that it has been disclosed that embodiment be not limiting as this
The scope of invention.On the contrary, be contained in the spirit and scope of claims modification and
Impartial setting is all included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of common electrode driving method being applied to electrophoretic display, it comprises following
Step:
Receive write data；
One operational amplifier is passed through according to write data and exports a positive voltage level or negative electricity
The common voltage of pressure level；
More whether write data meets a predetermined difference value with next write data；
When meeting predetermined difference value between current write data and next write data, produce
A raw switching signal；
Close the bias current of described operational amplifier by described switching signal, make described
Operational amplifier exports no-voltage level；And
Terminate described switching signal and continue to next write data.
2. it is applied to the common electrode driving side of electrophoretic display as claimed in claim 1
Method it is characterised in that: described receive write data step be by a temporary storage location with
Latch mode captures and stores the write data of time schedule controller.
3. it is applied to the common electrode driving side of electrophoretic display as claimed in claim 2
Method it is characterised in that: the write being stored described temporary storage location by a decoding unit is provided
The common voltage switching signal that material conversion is answered in a pair, with described common voltage switching signal
Described operational amplifier is controlled selectively to receive positive voltage level or the ginseng of negative voltage level
Examine voltage, and export as common voltage after being amplified.
4. it is applied to the common electrode driving side of electrophoretic display as claimed in claim 3
Method it is characterised in that: by a logic control element write more at present data and next
Whether write data meets described predetermined difference value, and writes with next in current write data
When entering to meet predetermined difference value between data, a pulse is combined by described logic control element
Signal produces described switching signal.
5. a kind of common electrode drive circuit being applied to electrophoretic display, it comprises:
One temporary storage location, enables signal in order to receive a latch, is write with capturing and storing one
Enter data；
One decoding unit, couples an outfan of described temporary storage location, in order to will described temporarily
The common voltage switching signal that the write data conversion of memory cell storage is answered in a pair；
One logic control element, couples outfan and the input of described temporary storage location, its
Whether meet a predetermined difference value in order to write data more at present with next write data,
And export a switching signal when meeting described predetermined difference value；And
One operational amplifier, couples described decoding unit and described logic control element, its
Difference is selectively received according to the common voltage switching signal from described decoding unit
The reference voltage of voltage quasi position, and export as common voltage after being amplified, wherein institute
State operational amplifier and close its input bias current when receiving described switching signal, and
Its outfan exports no-voltage.
6. the common electrode being applied to electrophoretic display as claimed in claim 5 drives electricity
Road it is characterised in that: described temporary storage location be a latch.
7. the common electrode being applied to electrophoretic display as claimed in claim 5 drives electricity
Road it is characterised in that: wherein said common voltage switching signal comprises control input positive electricity
The first common voltage switching signal of level, the second of control input no-voltage level is pressed to be total to
The 3rd common voltage switching with voltage switch signal and control input negative voltage level
Signal.
8. the common electrode being applied to electrophoretic display as claimed in claim 5 drives electricity
Road it is characterised in that: wherein said logic control element has another input in order to connect
Receive a pulse signal, write with next when described logic control element writes data more at present
When entering data and meeting described predetermined difference value, described logic control element combines described pulse
Switching signal described in signal output.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW104121857 | 2015-07-06 | ||
| TW104121857A TWI553614B (en) | 2015-07-06 | 2015-07-06 | Common voltage driving method and circuit for electro-phoretic display |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106340271A true CN106340271A (en) | 2017-01-18 |
| CN106340271B CN106340271B (en) | 2018-10-12 |
Family
ID=57826465
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610007719.7A Active CN106340271B (en) | 2015-07-06 | 2016-01-06 | Common electrode driving method and circuit applied to electrophoretic display |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN106340271B (en) |
| TW (1) | TWI553614B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11892740B2 (en) | 2018-05-17 | 2024-02-06 | E Ink Corporation | Piezo electrophoretic display |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004102055A (en) * | 2002-09-11 | 2004-04-02 | Seiko Epson Corp | Dispersion system driving circuit and its driving method, electrophoresis display device and its driving method, and electronic equipment |
| TW201110092A (en) * | 2009-09-04 | 2011-03-16 | Chunghwa Picture Tubes Ltd | Electrophoretic display and driving method thereof |
| US20110141086A1 (en) * | 2009-12-11 | 2011-06-16 | Chang-Yu Huang | Electrophoretic display and method of driving the same |
| CN102243845A (en) * | 2011-05-17 | 2011-11-16 | 友达光电股份有限公司 | Electrophoretic display and related driving method |
| CN103229096A (en) * | 2010-07-14 | 2013-07-31 | 三菱铅笔株式会社 | Electromigration display device and drive method thereof |
-
2015
- 2015-07-06 TW TW104121857A patent/TWI553614B/en active
-
2016
- 2016-01-06 CN CN201610007719.7A patent/CN106340271B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004102055A (en) * | 2002-09-11 | 2004-04-02 | Seiko Epson Corp | Dispersion system driving circuit and its driving method, electrophoresis display device and its driving method, and electronic equipment |
| TW201110092A (en) * | 2009-09-04 | 2011-03-16 | Chunghwa Picture Tubes Ltd | Electrophoretic display and driving method thereof |
| US20110141086A1 (en) * | 2009-12-11 | 2011-06-16 | Chang-Yu Huang | Electrophoretic display and method of driving the same |
| CN103229096A (en) * | 2010-07-14 | 2013-07-31 | 三菱铅笔株式会社 | Electromigration display device and drive method thereof |
| CN102243845A (en) * | 2011-05-17 | 2011-11-16 | 友达光电股份有限公司 | Electrophoretic display and related driving method |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11892740B2 (en) | 2018-05-17 | 2024-02-06 | E Ink Corporation | Piezo electrophoretic display |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TWI553614B (en) | 2016-10-11 |
| TW201703018A (en) | 2017-01-16 |
| CN106340271B (en) | 2018-10-12 |
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