CN106338788B - A method of preparing Bragg grating on photonic crystal fiber - Google Patents
A method of preparing Bragg grating on photonic crystal fiber Download PDFInfo
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- CN106338788B CN106338788B CN201610871589.1A CN201610871589A CN106338788B CN 106338788 B CN106338788 B CN 106338788B CN 201610871589 A CN201610871589 A CN 201610871589A CN 106338788 B CN106338788 B CN 106338788B
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- photonic crystal
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/18—Diffraction gratings
- G02B5/1847—Manufacturing methods
- G02B5/1857—Manufacturing methods using exposure or etching means, e.g. holography, photolithography, exposure to electron or ion beams
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02295—Microstructured optical fibre
Abstract
The present invention is suitable for grating preparation technical field, provide a kind of method that Bragg grating is efficiently prepared on photonic crystal fiber, the described method includes: selectivity expansion procedure of processing, the grating region to be processed of photonic crystal fiber is subjected to selectivity expansion processing, so that the part of clad hole avalanche of the grating region to be processed of the photonic crystal fiber, forms local simplification clad region；Bragg grating step is prepared, laser incising grid are carried out in the simplification clad region of photonic crystal fiber, to form Bragg grating.Method provided by the invention is solved when preparing Bragg grating on photonic crystal fiber, and covering hole can process the problem that laser causes to cause photonic crystal fiber processing grating efficiency extremely low compared with strong scattering to side.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to grating preparation technical fields, more particularly to one kind, and Bragg grating is prepared on photonic crystal fiber
Method.
Background technique
Bragg grating (hereinafter referred grating) production method of traditional fiber usually carries out fiber core from side
Laser processing forms grating.Major technique includes holography method, mask plate method, point by point method.However these methods and not applicable photon
Crystal optical fibre (PCF, Photonic Crystal Fiber), the especially PCF of the low light sensitive of mainstream.This is due primarily to
Side processing laser can be caused compared with strong scattering along the multilayer pore structure (i.e. covering porose area) that optical fiber axial direction extends by existing in PCF,
And the low light sensitive of common PCF material (pure quartz).
The Main for solving this problem now is to increase processing laser energy, irradiation processing for a long time；It is accurate to adjust
Optical fiber posture when processing, the entrance core region for keeping processing laser more as far as possible are processed；Or increase work in PCF production
Skill carries out the doping of light-sensitive material in PCF；Or the hole PCF plot structure is redesigned, however these method a larger increase PCF light
Grid processing, preparation complexity, reduce the design flexibility of PCF, furthermore can not also be fully solved scattering problems.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by the present invention lies in provide a kind of to prepare Bragg grating on photonic crystal fiber
Method, it is intended to solve when preparing Bragg grating on photonic crystal fiber, covering hole can to side process laser formed compared with
Strong scattering, the problem of leading to photonic crystal fiber extremely difficult processing grating.
The method that the present invention provides a kind of to prepare Bragg grating on photonic crystal fiber, which comprises
Selectivity expansion procedure of processing: carrying out selectivity expansion processing for the grating region to be processed of photonic crystal fiber, with
The part of clad hole avalanche for making the grating region to be processed of the photonic crystal fiber forms local simplification clad region；
It prepares Bragg grating step: laser incising grid is carried out in the simplification clad region of photonic crystal fiber, to form cloth
Glug grating.
Further, it in the selectivity expansion procedure of processing, forms the step of simplifying clad region and specifically includes:
Step S11, with selective venting techniques in several holes of one end selective opening of one section of photonic crystal fiber, and
Block other micropores；Several described holes are symmetrical according to fiber cross-sections center of circle presentation circle, and extend to whole section of light along fiber axis
The photonic crystal fiber other end；
And by the other end of photonic crystal fiber and single mode optical fiber welding, to block the photonic crystal fiber other end
Covering hole；
Step S12, by the selective aperture of photonic crystal fiber one end to whole section of photonic crystal fiber be inflated come
It pressurizes；
Step S13 heats photonic crystal fiber to softening temperature in the grating region to be processed of photonic crystal fiber, and simultaneously
The photonic crystal fiber is axially stretched, gradually forms letter under the air pressure of inside of optical fibre and the collective effect of material surface tension
Change clad region.
Further, in the step S11, the selectivity venting techniques include:
By one end of one section of photonic crystal fiber to be processed and single mode optical fiber welding, to block the photonic crystal fiber
Covering hole, and open several holes in one end of the photonic crystal fiber.
Further, in the step S11, the selectivity venting techniques include:
One end of one section of photonic crystal fiber to be processed is blocked into the photonic crystal with needle point method for dispensing glue one by one
The covering hole of optical fiber, and retain several holes.
Further, the processed simplification clad region of the photonic crystal fiber includes the transition of two cross section structure gradual changes
Area, described two transition regions from hot-working district center along fiber core to the direction on both sides, variation degree is gradually reduced.
Further, described to prepare Bragg grating step specifically: adjustment optical fiber posture penetrates femtosecond laser beam in parallel
Enter short focus cylindrical lens, and by forming the focal zone for covering the fibre core of the photonic crystal fiber after mask plate；
Incident femtosecond laser carries out laser incising grid in the simplified clad region, forms Bragg grating.
It is further, described to prepare Bragg grating step further include:
During laser incising grid, in the vertical direction of grating region to be processed, the image and knot that are generated by CCD camera
The mode of translation and rotation is closed to adjust the position of the simplification clad region of photonic crystal fiber, makes the fibre of the photonic crystal fiber
Core is injected short focus cylindrical lens with laser and is overlapped by the focal zone after mask plate, while making laser dissipating to fibre core path
Penetrate minimum.
Further, the focal width of the focus area of the short focus cylindrical lens is straight greater than the fibre core for simplifying clad region
Diameter, while the Rayleigh distance of focus area is less than the covering hole sector width for simplifying clad region.
Compared with prior art, the present invention beneficial effect is: one kind provided by the invention is made on photonic crystal fiber
The method of standby Bragg grating carries out selectivity expansion processing by the part to photonic crystal fiber, forms one section of major part
The simplification clad region that covering hole collapses, so that the simplification clad region processes dissipating for laser when through laser processing production grating
It penetrates and greatly reduces, so as to efficiently inscribe grating on the photonic crystal fiber of porous structure.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the process signal of the method provided in an embodiment of the present invention that Bragg grating is prepared on photonic crystal fiber
Figure；
Fig. 2 is that the processing provided in an embodiment of the present invention on photonic crystal fiber forms the process signal for simplifying clad region
Figure；
Fig. 3 is a kind of sectional view of photonic crystal fiber provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the sectional view in selectively opened 3 holes on the basis of photonic crystal fiber shown in Fig. 3；
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the simplification clad region provided in an embodiment of the present invention that formation is processed on photonic crystal fiber
Figure；
Fig. 6 is the schematic cross-section of simplified clad region shown in fig. 5；
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention that grating processing is carried out using phase mask plate method；
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of the Bragg grating provided in an embodiment of the present invention prepared on photonic crystal fiber.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.
Main realization thought of the invention are as follows: expansion processing is carried out in the position that photonic crystal fiber needs to process grating,
Form the simplification clad region that one section of covering hole collapses.Since intensive packet has been not present in this section of photonic crystal fiber after expansion processing
Layer hole, laser light scattering will greatly reduce.Again with common grating processing method, so that it may efficiently in the letter of photonic crystal fiber
Change clad region and inscribes grating.
This method that Bragg grating is prepared on photonic crystal fiber is described in detail below, as shown in Figure 1, the side
Method includes:
Selectivity expansion procedure of processing S1: carrying out selectivity expansion processing for the grating region to be processed of photonic crystal fiber,
So that the part of clad hole avalanche of the grating region to be processed of the photonic crystal fiber, forms local simplification clad region.
Specifically, the covering hole not blocked that selectivity expansion is processed as the inflation to grating region to be processed expands
Processing, and the covering hole blocked in grating region to be processed is by avalanche.
Specifically, as shown in figure 3, for a kind of typical photonic crystal fiber provided in an embodiment of the present invention (PCF,
Photonic Crystal Fiber) sectional view；Wherein, 31 surrounding of fibre core of photonic crystal fiber covers a large amount of covering hole
32。
Specifically, in above-mentioned selectivity expansion procedure of processing, it is specific as shown in Fig. 2, packet to form the step of simplifying clad region
It includes:
Step S11, with selective venting techniques in several holes of one end selective opening of one section of photonic crystal fiber, and
Block other micropores；Several described holes are symmetrical according to fiber cross-sections center of circle presentation circle, and extend to whole section of light along fiber axis
The photonic crystal fiber other end；
And by the other end of photonic crystal fiber and single mode optical fiber welding, to block the photonic crystal fiber other end
Covering hole；
Specifically, the selective venting techniques include: mode one, by one end of one section of photonic crystal fiber to be processed
With single mode optical fiber welding, to block the covering hole of the photonic crystal fiber, and if being opened in one end of the photonic crystal fiber
Dry hole.Or:
One end of one section of photonic crystal fiber to be processed is blocked the light with needle point method for dispensing glue by mode two one by one
The covering hole of photonic crystal fiber, and retain several holes.
Specifically, for mode one, in operation, in the position from fusion point a small distance by photonic crystal light
The single mode optical fiber cutting of fine one end welding；After cutting off in this way, the remaining and photon crystal optical fiber fusion splicing both can use
Single mode optical fiber block covering hole, and can be relatively easy to and carry out aperture across the remaining single mode optical fiber.Then, using winged
Second laser carries out the several holes of opening of selectivity to photonic crystal fiber.The hole of opening should meet according to photonic crystal fiber section circle
It is symmetrical that circle is presented in the heart, and extends to the whole section of photonic crystal fiber other end along fiber axis, is illustrated in figure 4 implementation of the present invention
3 selectively opened holes 41 of example.
Step S12, by the selective aperture of photonic crystal fiber one end to whole section of photonic crystal fiber be inflated come
It pressurizes；
Specifically, it in the embodiment of the present invention, is inflated by porose area of 3 holes shown in Fig. 4 to whole section of photonic crystal fiber.
Step S13 heats photonic crystal fiber to softening temperature in the grating region to be processed of photonic crystal fiber, and simultaneously
The photonic crystal fiber is axially stretched, gradually forms letter under the air pressure of inside of optical fibre and the collective effect of material surface tension
Change clad region.
Specifically, selected heating region will gradually form partial structurtes as shown in Figure 5.
Further, in above-mentioned heating process, apply different degrees of axial tension to photonic crystal fiber, will be formed
Simplification clad region with different core diameters；And grating processing side of the same race is used to the simplification clad region of different core diameters
Method can flexibly form the grating spectrum with different wave length position and spectrum shape.
After the technology that lower mask body introduces the selective aperture of photonic crystal fiber Land use systems one forms simplified clad region
Structure, it is specific as shown in Figure 5:
Single mode optical fiber 52 including one section of photonic crystal fiber 51 and two with its welding.Photonic crystal fiber 51 includes adding
Simplification clad region 511 and non-reduced clad region 512 after work, further include fibre core 513 and covering porose area 514；The simplified covering
Area 511 includes two transition regions 5111, and described two transition regions 5111 are the gradual change of heated center region to non-reduced clad region
Area, level of stretch are gradually reduced.Fig. 6 is the sectional view of simplified clad region shown in fig. 5, based on the aperture side for being different from Fig. 4
Formula will form the simplification covering plot structure for being different from Fig. 6；Different simplification covering plot structures equally have low covering scattering loss
The characteristics of, grating equally can be efficiently processed with subsequent processes, but grating spectrum has different wave length position and spectrum shape.
Further, the photonic crystal fiber after expansion be mainly characterized by simplify clad region, photonic crystal fiber
Covering is no longer a large amount of microcellular structure, thus no longer forms strong scattering to from the laser of photonic crystal fiber side incidence.
Therefore traditional grating processing method is used again, so that it may light is prepared on photonic crystal fiber with the processing laser energy of very little
Grid.It continues with and introduces this method for preparing grating in simplified clad region:
It prepares Bragg grating step S2: laser incising grid is carried out in the simplification clad region of photonic crystal fiber, to be formed
Bragg grating.
Specifically, the embodiment of the present invention carries out grating processing using phase mask plate method.As shown in fig. 7, by adjusting light
Fine posture makes femtosecond laser beam inject short focus cylindrical lens 71 in parallel, and covers the photon crystalline substance by being formed after mask plate 72
The focal zone of body fiber core；Incident femtosecond laser carries out laser incising grid in the simplified clad region 511, forms Prague light
Grid 81, it is specific as shown in Figure 8.
Further, raw by CCD camera 73 in the vertical direction of grating region to be processed during laser incising grid
At image and the position of photonic crystal fiber is finely adjusted in conjunction with the mode of translation and rotation, make the photonic crystal light
Fine fibre core is injected short focus cylindrical lens with laser and is overlapped by the focal zone after mask plate, while making laser to fibre core road
The scattering of diameter is minimum, so that processing efficiency highest.
Further, the focal width of the focus area of the short focus cylindrical lens 71 is greater than the fibre for simplifying clad region 511
Core diameter, while the Rayleigh distance of focus area is less than the covering hole sector width for simplifying clad region 511.
The present invention is not limited only to the above-mentioned grating processing method to simplified clad region, other using holography method, point by point method etc.
Mode equally can achieve the purpose to form grating.
Method provided by the invention efficiently can prepare grating on the photonic crystal fiber of porous structure；Prepared cloth
On the one hand glug grating can be used as the reusable sensor based on PCF, specifically, in addition to being applied to traditional general single mode light
The field (temperature, strain etc.) of fine grating, moreover it is possible to which (grating of the breathing space PCF can as pyrostat, index sensor
Directly perceive the variation of surrounding space refractive index) etc.；On the other hand, it can be used as the device of full PCF network, such as: PCF filtering
Device, switch etc..
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention within mind and principle.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of method for preparing Bragg grating on photonic crystal fiber, which is characterized in that the described method includes:
Selectivity expansion procedure of processing: the grating region to be processed of photonic crystal fiber is subjected to selectivity expansion processing, so that institute
The part of clad hole avalanche for stating the grating region to be processed of photonic crystal fiber forms local simplification clad region；
It prepares Bragg grating step: laser incising grid is carried out in the simplification clad region of photonic crystal fiber, to form Prague
Grating;
Wherein, it in the selectivity expansion procedure of processing, forms the step of simplifying clad region and specifically includes:
Step S11 with selective venting techniques in several holes of one end selective opening of one section of photonic crystal fiber, and is blocked
Other micropores；Several described holes are symmetrical according to fiber cross-sections center of circle presentation circle, and extend to whole section of photon crystalline substance along fiber axis
The body optical fiber other end；
And by the other end of photonic crystal fiber and single mode optical fiber welding, to block the covering of the photonic crystal fiber other end
Hole；
Step S12 is inflated whole section of photonic crystal fiber by the selective aperture of photonic crystal fiber one end to carry out
Pressurization；
Step S13 heats photonic crystal fiber to softening temperature in the grating region to be processed of photonic crystal fiber, and axial simultaneously
The photonic crystal fiber is stretched, gradually forms simplified packet under the air pressure of inside of optical fibre and the collective effect of material surface tension
Floor area.
2. the method for preparing Bragg grating as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step S11, the selection
Property venting techniques include:
By one end of one section of photonic crystal fiber to be processed and single mode optical fiber welding, to block the packet of the photonic crystal fiber
Layer hole, and several holes are opened in one end of the photonic crystal fiber.
3. the method for preparing Bragg grating as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step S11, the selection
Property venting techniques include:
One end of one section of photonic crystal fiber to be processed is blocked into the photonic crystal fiber with needle point method for dispensing glue one by one
Covering hole, and retain several holes.
4. the method for preparing Bragg grating as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the photonic crystal fiber is processed
Simplification clad region include two cross section structure gradual changes transition region, described two transition regions from hot-working district center along optical fiber fibre
To the direction on both sides, variation degree is gradually reduced core.
5. such as the described in any item methods for preparing Bragg grating of Claims 1-4, which is characterized in that described to prepare Bradley
Lattice grating step specifically: adjustment optical fiber posture makes femtosecond laser beam inject short focus cylindrical lens in parallel, and pass through mask plate
Afterwards, the focal zone for covering the fibre core of the photonic crystal fiber is formed；
Incident femtosecond laser carries out laser incising grid in the simplified clad region, forms Bragg grating.
6. the method for preparing Bragg grating as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that described to prepare Bragg grating step
Further include:
During laser incising grid, in the vertical direction of grating region to be processed, the image and combination generated by CCD camera is flat
Dynamic and rotation mode adjusts the position of the simplification clad region of photonic crystal fiber, make the fibre core of the photonic crystal fiber with
Laser is injected short focus cylindrical lens and is simultaneously overlapped by the focal zone after mask plate, at the same make laser to fibre core path scattering most
It is small.
7. the method for preparing Bragg grating as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that the focus of the short focus cylindrical lens
The focal width in region is greater than the core diameter for simplifying clad region, while the Rayleigh distance of focus area is less than simplified clad region
Covering hole sector width.
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| CN107238983A (en) * | 2017-07-13 | 2017-10-10 | 深圳大学 | A kind of photonic crystal fiber electrooptical switching and preparation method thereof |
| CN110244403B (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2021-01-26 | 清华大学 | Photonic crystal chirp Bragg optical fiber grating pulse stretcher |
| CN110118614B (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2021-09-14 | 电子科技大学 | Extreme environment resistant sapphire fiber grating sensor and temperature detection method thereof |
| CN112378429A (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2021-02-19 | 西北大学 | Fiber bragg grating temperature and pressure sensor based on capillary tube packaging |
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