CN106338788A - Method for efficiently fabricating Bragg grating on photonic crystal fiber - Google Patents
Method for efficiently fabricating Bragg grating on photonic crystal fiber Download PDFInfo
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- CN106338788A CN106338788A CN201610871589.1A CN201610871589A CN106338788A CN 106338788 A CN106338788 A CN 106338788A CN 201610871589 A CN201610871589 A CN 201610871589A CN 106338788 A CN106338788 A CN 106338788A
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- photonic crystal
- crystal fiber
- grating
- bragg grating
- fiber
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/18—Diffraction gratings
- G02B5/1847—Manufacturing methods
- G02B5/1857—Manufacturing methods using exposure or etching means, e.g. holography, photolithography, exposure to electron or ion beams
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02295—Microstructured optical fibre
Abstract
The invention belongs to the grating preparation technical field and provides a method for efficiently fabricating a Bragg grating on a photonic crystal fiber. The method includes the following steps of: selective expansion processing: selective expansion processing is performed on a grating region to be processed of the photonic crystal fiber, so that a part of cladding holes of the grating region to be processed of the photonic crystal fiber can collapse, so that a local simplified cladding region can be formed; and Bragg grating preparation: laser grating etching is performed on the simplified cladding region of the photonic crystal fiber, so that the Bragg grating can be formed. With the method adopted, the problem of low grating processing efficiency of a photonic crystal fiber caused by strong scattering of side surface processing laser caused by cladding holes when the Bragg grating is prepared on the photonic crystal fiber can be solved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to grating preparing technical field, more particularly, to a kind of preparation Prague efficient on photonic crystal fiber
The method of grating.
Background technology
Bragg grating (hereinafter referred grating) preparation method of traditional fiber, is typically carried out to fiber core from side
Laser Processing forms grating.Major technique includes holography method, mask plate method, point by point method.But these methods inapplicable photon
Crystal optical fibre (pcf, photonic crystal fiber), the particularly pcf of the low light sensitive of main flow.This is due primarily to
There is the multilayer pore structure (i.e. covering porose area) along optical fiber axial direction extends in pcf and can side processing laser be caused compared with strong scattering,
And the low light sensitive of common pcf material (pure quartz).
The Main solving now this problem is to increase processing laser energy, irradiates processing for a long time；Accurate adjustment
Optical fiber attitude during processing, the entrance core region enabling processing laser as far as possible many is processed；Or increase work when pcf makes
Skill, carries out the doping of light-sensitive material in pcf；Or redesign pcf porose area structure, but these method a larger increase pcf light
Grid processing, preparation complexity, reduce the design flexibility of pcf, also can not be fully solved scattering problems in addition.
Content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is to provide a kind of efficient preparation Prague light on photonic crystal fiber
The method of grid is it is intended to when solving to prepare Bragg grating on photonic crystal fiber, its covering hole can process laser shape to side
Become compared with strong scattering, lead to the problem of photonic crystal fiber extremely difficult processing grating.
The invention provides a kind of method that Bragg grating is efficiently prepared on photonic crystal fiber, methods described bag
Include:
Selectively expand procedure of processing: the grating region to be processed of photonic crystal fiber is carried out selectively expanding processing, with
Make the part of clad hole avalanche of the grating region to be processed of described photonic crystal fiber, form the simplification clad region of local；
Prepare Bragg grating step: carry out laser incising grid in the simplification clad region of photonic crystal fiber, thus forming cloth
Glug grating.
Further, in described selectively expansion procedure of processing, the step forming simplification clad region specifically includes:
Step s11, with selective venting techniques in several holes of one end selective opening of one section of photonic crystal fiber, and
Block other micropores；It is symmetrical that several holes described assume circle according to the fiber cross-sections center of circle, and extends to whole section of light along fiber axis
The photonic crystal fiber other end；
And by the other end of photonic crystal fiber and single-mode fiber welding, to block the described photonic crystal fiber other end
Covering hole；
Step s12, is inflated to whole section of photonic crystal fiber by the selective perforate of photonic crystal fiber one end
Pressurizeed；
Step s13, heats photonic crystal fiber to softening temperature in the grating region to be processed of photonic crystal fiber, and simultaneously
Photonic crystal fiber described in axial tension, gradually forms letter under the air pressure of inside of optical fibre and the collective effect of material surface tension
Change clad region.
Further, in described step s11, described selective venting techniques include:
By one end of one section of photonic crystal fiber to be processed and single-mode fiber welding, to block described photonic crystal fiber
Covering hole, and open several holes in one end of described photonic crystal fiber.
Further, in described step s11, described selective venting techniques include:
One end needle point method for dispensing glue of one section of photonic crystal fiber to be processed is blocked described photonic crystal one by one
The covering hole of optical fiber, and retain several holes.
Further, what described photonic crystal fiber was processed simplifies the transition that clad region includes two cross section structure gradual changes
Area, from hot-working district center along fiber core to the direction on both sides, intensity of variation is gradually reduced described two transition regions.
Further, described prepare Bragg grating step particularly as follows: adjustment optical fiber attitude, make that femtosecond laser beam is parallel to penetrate
Enter short focus post lens, and after mask plate, form the focal zone of the fibre core covering described photonic crystal fiber；
Incident femtosecond laser carries out laser incising grid in described simplification clad region, forms Bragg grating.
Further, described Bragg grating step of preparing also includes:
During laser incising grid, in the vertical direction of grating region to be processed, the image that generated by ccd camera is simultaneously tied
Close the position that translation to adjust the simplification clad region of photonic crystal fiber with the mode rotating, make the fibre of described photonic crystal fiber
Core injects short focus post lens with laser and the focal zone after mask plate overlaps, and makes laser dissipating to fibre core path simultaneously
Penetrate minimum.
Further, the focal width of the focus area of described short focus post lens is straight more than the fibre core simplifying clad region
Footpath, the Rayleigh distance of focus area is less than the covering porose area width simplifying clad region simultaneously.
The present invention compared with prior art, has the beneficial effects that: one kind that the present invention provides is high on photonic crystal fiber
The method that effect prepares Bragg grating, by carrying out to the local of photonic crystal fiber selectively expanding processing, formed one section big
The simplification clad region that part of clad hole caves in, so that this simplification clad region is when making grating by Laser Processing, processes laser
Scattering greatly reduce, so as to efficient, grating is inscribed on the photonic crystal fiber of loose structure.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the flow process of the method efficiently preparing Bragg grating on photonic crystal fiber provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is that the flow process of processing formation simplification clad region on photonic crystal fiber provided in an embodiment of the present invention is illustrated
Figure；
Fig. 3 is a kind of sectional view of photonic crystal fiber provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the sectional view in selectively opened 3 holes on the basis of the photonic crystal fiber shown in Fig. 3；
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the simplification clad region that processing is formed on photonic crystal fiber provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Figure；
Fig. 6 is the schematic cross-section of the simplification clad region shown in Fig. 5；
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram entering line raster processing using phase mask plate method provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of the Bragg grating of preparation on photonic crystal fiber provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In order that the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention become more apparent, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only in order to explain the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.
The main thought of realizing of the present invention is: need the position processing grating to carry out expanding processing in photonic crystal fiber,
Form the simplification clad region that one section of covering hole subsides.There is not intensive bag due to expanding this section of photonic crystal fiber after processing
Layer hole, laser light scattering will greatly reduce.Again with conventional light grid making method it is possible to the efficient letter in photonic crystal fiber
Change clad region and inscribe grating.
This method that Bragg grating is efficiently prepared on photonic crystal fiber is described in detail below, as shown in figure 1, institute
The method of stating includes:
Selectively expand procedure of processing s1: the grating region to be processed of photonic crystal fiber is carried out selectively expanding processing,
So that the part of clad hole avalanche of the grating region to be processed of described photonic crystal fiber, form the simplification clad region of local.
Specifically, the covering hole not blocked that selective expansion is processed as the inflation to grating region to be processed expands
Processing, and the covering hole being blocked in grating region to be processed is by avalanche.
Specifically, as shown in figure 3, for a kind of typical photonic crystal fiber provided in an embodiment of the present invention (pcf,
Photonic crystal fiber) sectional view；Wherein, fibre core 31 surrounding of photonic crystal fiber covers substantial amounts of covering hole
32.
Specifically, in above-mentioned selective expansion procedure of processing, form the step simplifying clad region specifically as shown in Fig. 2 wrapping
Include:
Step s11, with selective venting techniques in several holes of one end selective opening of one section of photonic crystal fiber, and
Block other micropores；It is symmetrical that several holes described assume circle according to the fiber cross-sections center of circle, and extends to whole section of light along fiber axis
The photonic crystal fiber other end；
And by the other end of photonic crystal fiber and single-mode fiber welding, to block the described photonic crystal fiber other end
Covering hole；
Specifically, described selective venting techniques include: mode one, by one end of one section of photonic crystal fiber to be processed
With single-mode fiber welding, to block the covering hole of described photonic crystal fiber, and if opening in one end of described photonic crystal fiber
Dry hole.Or:
Mode two, one end needle point method for dispensing glue of one section of photonic crystal fiber to be processed is blocked described light one by one
The covering hole of photonic crystal fiber, and retain several holes.
Specifically, for mode one, in operation, from the position of fusion point a small distance by photonic crystal light
The single-mode fiber cut-out of fine one end welding；After so cutting off, both can be using remaining and described photon crystal optical fiber fusion splicing
Single-mode fiber block covering hole, can be relatively easy to again and carry out perforate through remaining described single-mode fiber.Then, using winged
Second laser is optionally opened several holes to photonic crystal fiber.The hole opened should meet according to photonic crystal fiber section circle
It is symmetrical that the heart assumes circle, and extends to the whole section of photonic crystal fiber other end along fiber axis, is illustrated in figure 4 the present invention and implements
3 selectively opened holes 41 of example.
Step s12, is inflated to whole section of photonic crystal fiber by the selective perforate of photonic crystal fiber one end
Pressurizeed；
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, by 3 shown in Fig. 4 hole, the porose area of whole section of photonic crystal fiber is inflated.
Step s13, heats photonic crystal fiber to softening temperature in the grating region to be processed of photonic crystal fiber, and simultaneously
Photonic crystal fiber described in axial tension, gradually forms letter under the air pressure of inside of optical fibre and the collective effect of material surface tension
Change clad region.
Specifically, selected heating region will gradually form partial structurtes as shown in Figure 5.
Further, in above-mentioned heating process, different degrees of axial tension is applied to photonic crystal fiber, will be formed
There is the simplification clad region of different core diameters；And grating processing side of the same race is adopted to the simplification clad region of different core diameters
Method, can flexibly form the grating spectrum with different wave length position and spectrum shape.
After lower mask body introduces the technology formation simplification clad region of the selective perforate of photonic crystal fiber Land use systems one
Structure, specifically as shown in Figure 5:
Including one section of photonic crystal fiber 51 and two single-mode fibers 52 with its welding, wherein, fusion point is 53.Photon
Crystal optical fibre 51 includes simplification clad region 511 and non-reduced clad region 512 after processing, also includes fibre core 513 and covering porose area
514；Described simplification clad region 511 includes two transition regions 5111, and described two transition regions 5111 are for heated center region to non-
Simplify the transition region of clad region, its level of stretch is gradually reduced.Fig. 6 is the sectional view of the simplification clad region shown in Fig. 5, based on not
It is same as the perforate mode of Fig. 4, the simplification covering plot structure different from Fig. 6 will be formed；Different simplification covering plot structures equally has
There is low covering scattering loss, equally efficiently can process grating with subsequent processes, but grating spectrum has different wave length
Position and spectrum shape.
Further, the photonic crystal fiber after expansion be mainly characterized by simplify clad region, photonic crystal fiber
Covering is no longer substantial amounts of microcellular structure, thus no longer the laser incident from photonic crystal fiber side is formed with strong scattering.
Therefore again using traditional light grid making method it is possible to light be prepared on photonic crystal fiber with the processing laser energy of very little
Grid.Continue with to introduce and this simplifying the clad region method of preparing grating:
Prepare Bragg grating step s2: carry out laser incising grid in the simplification clad region of photonic crystal fiber, thus being formed
Bragg grating.
Specifically, the embodiment of the present invention enters line raster processing using phase mask plate method.As shown in fig. 7, by adjusting light
Fine attitude, makes that femtosecond laser beam is parallel to inject short focus post lens 71, and to cover described photon brilliant by, after mask plate 72, being formed
The focal zone of body fiber core；Incident femtosecond laser carries out laser incising grid in described simplification clad region 511, forms Prague light
Grid 81, specifically as shown in Figure 8.
Further, during laser incising grid, in the vertical direction of grating region to be processed, raw by ccd camera 73
The image of one-tenth simultaneously the position of photonic crystal fiber is finely adjusted with the mode rotating with reference to translation, makes described photonic crystal light
Fine fibre core injects short focus post lens with laser and the focal zone after mask plate overlaps, and makes laser to fibre core road simultaneously
The scattering in footpath is minimum, so that working (machining) efficiency highest.
Further, the focal width of the focus area of described short focus post lens 71 is more than the fibre simplifying clad region 511
Core diameter, the Rayleigh distance of focus area is less than the covering porose area width simplifying clad region 511 simultaneously.
The present invention is not limited only to the above-mentioned grating processing mode to simplification clad region, using other such as holography method, points by point method
Mode equally can reach the purpose forming grating.
The method that the present invention provides efficiently can prepare grating on the photonic crystal fiber of loose structure；Prepared cloth
Glug grating, on the one hand can be as the reusable sensor based on pcf, specifically, except being applied to traditional general single mode light
The field (temperature, strain etc.) of fine grating is moreover it is possible to (grating of pcf breathing space can as pyrostat, index sensor
Directly perceive the change of surrounding space refractive index) etc.；On the other hand, can be as the device of full pcf network, such as: pcf filtering
Device, switch etc..
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all essences in the present invention
Any modification, equivalent and improvement made within god and principle etc., should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of method efficiently preparing Bragg grating on photonic crystal fiber is it is characterised in that methods described includes:
Selectively expand procedure of processing: the grating region to be processed of photonic crystal fiber is carried out selectively expanding processing, so that institute
State the part of clad hole avalanche of the grating region to be processed of photonic crystal fiber, form the simplification clad region of local；
Prepare Bragg grating step: carry out laser incising grid in the simplification clad region of photonic crystal fiber, thus forming Prague
Grating.
2. efficiently prepare the method for Bragg grating as claimed in claim 1 it is characterised in that described selectively expand processing
In step, the step forming simplification clad region specifically includes:
Step s11, with selective venting techniques in several holes of one end selective opening of one section of photonic crystal fiber, and blocks
Other micropores；It is symmetrical that several holes described assume circle according to the fiber cross-sections center of circle, and extends to whole section of photon crystalline substance along fiber axis
The body optical fiber other end；
And by the other end of photonic crystal fiber and single-mode fiber welding, to block the covering of the described photonic crystal fiber other end
Hole；
Step s12, is inflated carrying out to whole section of photonic crystal fiber by the selective perforate of photonic crystal fiber one end
Pressurization；
Step s13, heats photonic crystal fiber to softening temperature in the grating region to be processed of photonic crystal fiber, and axially simultaneously
Stretch described photonic crystal fiber, gradually form simplification bag under the air pressure of inside of optical fibre and the collective effect of material surface tension
Floor area.
3. efficiently prepare the method for Bragg grating as claimed in claim 2 it is characterised in that in described step s11, described
Selective venting techniques include:
By one end of one section of photonic crystal fiber to be processed and single-mode fiber welding, to block the bag of described photonic crystal fiber
Layer hole, and open several holes in one end of described photonic crystal fiber.
4. efficiently prepare the method for Bragg grating as claimed in claim 2 it is characterised in that in described step s11, described
Selective venting techniques include:
One end needle point method for dispensing glue of one section of photonic crystal fiber to be processed is blocked described photonic crystal fiber one by one
Covering hole, and retain several holes.
5. efficiently prepare the method for Bragg grating as claimed in claim 2 it is characterised in that described photonic crystal fiber quilt
The simplification clad region of processing includes the transition region of two cross section structure gradual changes, and described two transition regions are from hot-working district center along light
Long and slender core is gradually reduced to the direction on both sides, intensity of variation.
6. the method efficiently preparing Bragg grating as described in any one of claim 1 to 5 is it is characterised in that described preparation
Bragg grating step, particularly as follows: adjustment optical fiber attitude, makes that femtosecond laser beam is parallel to inject short focus post lens, and passes through mask
After plate, form the focal zone of the fibre core covering described photonic crystal fiber；
Incident femtosecond laser carries out laser incising grid in described simplification clad region, forms Bragg grating.
7. efficiently prepare the method for Bragg grating as claimed in claim 6 it is characterised in that described prepare Bragg grating
Step also includes:
During laser incising grid, in the vertical direction of grating region to be processed, the image that generated by ccd camera simultaneously combines flat
Position dynamic and that the mode that rotates is to adjust the simplification clad region of photonic crystal fiber, make the fibre core of described photonic crystal fiber with
Laser is injected short focus post lens the focal zone after mask plate and is overlapped, make simultaneously laser to fibre core path scattering
Little.
8. efficiently prepare the method for Bragg grating as claimed in claim 7 it is characterised in that described short focus post lens
The focal width of focus area is more than the core diameter simplifying clad region, and the Rayleigh distance of focus area is less than simplification covering simultaneously
The covering porose area width in area.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN107238983A (en) * | 2017-07-13 | 2017-10-10 | 深圳大学 | A kind of photonic crystal fiber electrooptical switching and preparation method thereof |
| CN110118614A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-08-13 | 电子科技大学 | The sapphire fiber grating sensor and its temperature checking method of anti-extreme environment |
| CN110244403A (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2019-09-17 | 清华大学 | Photonic crystal chirp bragg grating pulse stretcher |
| CN112378429A (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2021-02-19 | 西北大学 | Fiber bragg grating temperature and pressure sensor based on capillary tube packaging |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107238983A (en) * | 2017-07-13 | 2017-10-10 | 深圳大学 | A kind of photonic crystal fiber electrooptical switching and preparation method thereof |
| CN110244403A (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2019-09-17 | 清华大学 | Photonic crystal chirp bragg grating pulse stretcher |
| CN110118614A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-08-13 | 电子科技大学 | The sapphire fiber grating sensor and its temperature checking method of anti-extreme environment |
| CN112378429A (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2021-02-19 | 西北大学 | Fiber bragg grating temperature and pressure sensor based on capillary tube packaging |
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