CN106337876B - Heteropolar formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing - Google Patents
Heteropolar formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing Download PDFInfo
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- CN106337876B CN106337876B CN201610896434.3A CN201610896434A CN106337876B CN 106337876 B CN106337876 B CN 106337876B CN 201610896434 A CN201610896434 A CN 201610896434A CN 106337876 B CN106337876 B CN 106337876B
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- stator
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- magnetic pole
- heteropolar
- permanent
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
- F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings
- F16C32/044—Active magnetic bearings
- F16C32/0459—Details of the magnetic circuit
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Magnetic Bearings And Hydrostatic Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of heteropolar formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearings, including stator assembly and rotor assembly, rotor assembly includes shaft and the rotor core that is arranged outside shaft, stator module includes auxiliary magnetic pole, stator core, permanent magnet and magnet exciting coil, the inner surface of stator core is along the circumferential direction evenly spaced on four magnetic pole of the stator several again, there are one auxiliary magnetic poles for setting between two adjacent magnetic pole of the stator, each embedded permanent magnet between magnetic pole of the stator and adjacent auxiliary magnetic pole, the magnetizing direction of two pieces of adjacent permanent magnets is opposite, one group of magnet exciting coil is provided in slot between two adjacent magnetic pole of the stator, magnetic pole of the stator, auxiliary magnetic pole is provided with working gas gap towards between the surface of axis and the outer surface of rotor core.Additional air gap is not present without permanent magnet in the electrical excitation magnetic circuit of above-mentioned magnetic bearing, and the larger problem of stator yoke thickness has been effectively relieved in auxiliary magnetic pole, helps to reduce stator outer diameter, improves space availability ratio.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to magnetic bearing fields, and in particular to a kind of heteropolar formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing.
Background technology
Permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing has two major classes：Homopolarity formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing is (same hereinafter
Pole formula magnetic bearing) and heteropolar formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing.The two difference is that permanent magnet bias magnetic field is controlled with electrical excitation
Relationship between magnetic field, if permanent magnet bias magnetic field and electrical excitation control magnetic field are non-coplanar, such magnetic bearing is homopolarity formula magnetic axis
It holds；If two kinds of magnetic fields are in the same plane, such magnetic bearing is heteropolar formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing.
Current homopolarity formula magnetic bearing is axial since permanent magnet bias magnetic flux itself exists to be moved towards, and the axial length of bearing is long,
It is unfavorable for critical rotor speed raising.Although this problem, mesh is not present in heteropolar formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing
Preceding structure still Shortcomings to a certain extent.
The electrical excitation magnetic circuit of some heteropolar formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic axises passes through permanent magnet, not only needs larger encourage
Magnetoelectricity stream, power consumption are larger, and fill demagnetization repeatedly to permanent magnet, reduce the reliability of permanent magnet.
The permanent magnetic circuit of some heteropolar formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic axises is identical as silicon steel plate stacking direction, in iron core portion
The magnetomotive force for dividing loss larger wastes permanent magnet and is not easy to improve bearing rigidity.
Some heteropolar formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic axises are in order to decouple permanent magnetic circuit and electrical excitation magnetic circuit, in permanent magnet
Side is using air gap as electrical excitation magnetic circuit.In this way, if air gap is excessive, electrical excitation lost at air gap compared with
Big magnetomotive force, if air gap is small, permanent magnet leakage field is serious.
The permanent magnetism of nearly all existing heteropolar formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing, electricity excitation magnetic field are all in yoke position
Superposition is set, causes that the thickness of yoke is larger, radial dimension is bigger than normal.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention in view of the deficienciess of the prior art, provide it is a kind of without air gap, it is compact-sized,
The small and exquisite heteropolar formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial bearing of size.
To achieve the above object, the heteropolar formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing designed by the present invention includes stator module
With the rotor assembly being co-axially located in the stator module, the rotor assembly includes shaft and is arranged outside the shaft
Rotor core, the stator module include auxiliary magnetic pole, stator core, permanent magnet and magnet exciting coil, the stator core it is interior
Surface is along the circumferential direction evenly spaced on four magnetic pole of the stator several again, between adjacent two magnetic pole of the stator
Setting there are one the auxiliary magnetic pole, it is each one embedded between the magnetic pole of the stator and the adjacent auxiliary magnetic pole described in forever
Magnet, the magnetizing directions of adjacent two pieces of permanent magnets in slot between the two adjacent magnetic pole of the stator on the contrary, be provided with
Magnet exciting coil described in one group, the magnetic pole of the stator, the auxiliary magnetic pole surface towards axis and the rotor core it is outer
The working gas gap is provided between surface.
Preferably, the shape of two magnetic pole of the stator in radial two opposite directions is identical, the auxiliary
Magnetic pole is identical as the magnetic pole of the stator size.
Preferably, the size of two permanent magnets in radial two opposite directions is identical, magnetizing direction phase
Instead.
Preferably, the permanent magnet is fan ring perpendicular to axial section.
Preferably, the permanent magnet is made of neodymium iron boron or SmCo, using parallel magnetization or the circumferential side of magnetizing
Formula.
Preferably, the shaft is made of 25Cr2Ni4MoV, the rotor core by silicon steel plate stacking and
At the thickness of the silicon steel sheet is 0.2mm, 0.35mm or 0.5mm.
Preferably, the auxiliary magnetic pole and the stator core are formed by silicon steel plate stacking, the silicon steel sheet
Thickness is 0.2mm, 0.35mm or 0.5mm.
Preferably, the magnet exciting coil carries out encapsulating processing, and by power amplifier control.
Preferably, stator module is radiated using cooling fin.
Preferably, the working gas gap is less than 1mm.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：The heteropolar formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing of the present invention has the following advantages：
(1) without permanent magnet additional air gap is not present, required electrical excitation magnetomotive force is small, efficient in electrical excitation magnetic circuit；It adjusts
Section exciting current will not cause the irreversible loss of excitation of permanent magnet, improve system reliability；Control magnetic flux is completely disposed at silicon steel core
In, dynamic loss is low；
(2) path of permanent magnetic circuit is short, starts to decouple at stator core with electrical excitation magnetic circuit；Auxiliary magnetic pole is effectively relieved
Stator yoke thickness larger problem helps to reduce stator outer diameter, improves space availability ratio；Electrical excitation and permanent magnetic circuit solution
Coupling is conducive to Control System Design；
(3) permanent magnet piecemeal insertion is placed, and not by any electromagnetic force and mechanical force, leakage field is small, easy to process and installation；
(4) bearing overall structure is symmetrical, and radial all directions can meet the requirement of different bearer power, can not only meet sleeping
The demand of formula system bearing rotor gravity, can also be applied to vertical system.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the heteropolar formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the permanent magnetic circuit schematic diagram of the heteropolar formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the electrical excitation magnetic circuit schematic diagram of the heteropolar formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing in Fig. 1.
Each part numbers are as follows in figure：Shaft 1, rotor core 2, auxiliary magnetic pole 3,4 (wherein, magnetic pole of the stator of stator core
41), the first permanent magnet 5, the second permanent magnet 6, magnet exciting coil 7, working gas gap 8.
Specific implementation mode
The following further describes the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Referring to Fig. 1, the heteropolar formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing that the preferred embodiment of the present invention provides includes stator
The rotor assembly of component and magnetic suspension in stator module.
Rotor assembly includes shaft 1 and the rotor core 2 that is arranged outside shaft 1.2 hot jacket of rotor core turns in shaft 1
The size of axis 1 depends on the design of entire rotor-support-foundation system, the surfaces externally and internally of each component (shaft 1, rotor core 2) of rotor assembly
It is smooth surface.From the point of view of reducing size and improving space availability ratio, shaft 1 preferably uses the alloy of high intensity
Steel.In the present embodiment, shaft 1 uses 25Cr2Ni4MoV, can obtain smaller internal diameter, compacter.Rotor core 2 is by silicon
Steel disc is overrided to form, and the thickness of silicon steel sheet is 0.2mm, 0.35mm or 0.5mm.
Stator module includes auxiliary magnetic pole 3, stator core 4, the first permanent magnet 5, the second permanent magnet 6 and magnet exciting coil 7.This
In embodiment, auxiliary magnetic pole 3 and stator core 4 are formed by silicon steel plate stacking, the thickness of silicon steel sheet be 0.2mm, 0.35mm or
0.5mm.First permanent magnet 5, the second permanent magnet 6 material be neodymium iron boron or SmCo.
The inner surface of stator core 4 is along the circumferential direction evenly spaced on there are four magnetic pole of the stator 41.Adjacent two are fixed
There are one auxiliary magnetic poles 3 for setting between sub- magnetic pole 41.An embedded permanent magnetism between magnetic pole of the stator 41 and adjacent auxiliary magnetic pole 3
Body (the first permanent magnet 5 or the second permanent magnet 6).Size, the shape of auxiliary magnetic pole 3 are identical as magnetic pole of the stator 41, as adjacent two
The necessary parts of magnetic circuit are connected in block permanent magnet 5,6.Auxiliary magnetic pole 3 fixes first, second forever together with adjacent magnetic pole of the stator 41
Magnet 5,6.First, second permanent magnet 5,6 is flat to magnetizing or circumferential magnetize.Adjacent two pieces of permanent magnets (the first permanent magnet 5 with
Second permanent magnet 6) magnetizing direction on the contrary, pass through rotor core 2 realize permanent magnetic circuit conducting.
Eight permanent magnets (four the first permanent magnets, 5, four the second permanent magnets 6) are equal in magnitude, four the first permanent magnets 5
Magnetizing direction is identical, and the magnetizing direction of four the second permanent magnets 6 is identical, and the bias magnetic field of generation is equal, has preferable symmetrical
Property.For the ease of assembling and considering actual processing technique, the first, second permanent magnet 5,6 is to fan ring perpendicular to axial section.
It is provided with one group of magnet exciting coil 7, magnet exciting coil in slot between two adjacent magnetic pole of the stator 41 of stator core 4
7 carry out encapsulating processing in order to fixed and heat dissipation.Stator core 4 shares four groups of magnet exciting coils 7, corresponds to X-axis and Y-axis respectively
Positive and negative four direction.
Rotor core 2 is arranged in coaxial position in stator core 4, and there are working gas gaps between rotor core 2 and stator core 4
8.Specifically, magnetic pole of the stator 41, auxiliary magnetic pole 3 are provided with towards between the surface of axis and the outer surface of rotor core 2
Working gas gap 8.In order to ensure that magnetic bearing can provide larger bearing capacity, working gas gap 8 must be in 1mm or less.In the present embodiment
In, working gas gap 8 uses 0.5mm.
In the present embodiment, permanent magnet (the first permanent magnet 5, the second permanent magnet 6) is damascene structures in stator module, is filled
Magnetic mode is using parallel magnetization or the circumferential mode that magnetizes, permanent magnet in radial two opposite directions (the first permanent magnet 5, the
Two permanent magnets 6) size is identical, placement direction is opposite.
In the present embodiment, 41 number of magnetic pole of the stator of stator core 4 is 4, in other preferred embodiments, stator iron
41 number of magnetic pole of the stator of core 4 may be configured as four it is several again, such as 4,8 or 16, radial two phase negative sides
The shape of upward magnetic pole of the stator 41 is identical.The number of auxiliary magnetic pole 3 is identical as the number of magnetic pole of the stator 41, size is identical, can
4,8 or 16 are set as, the shape of auxiliary magnetic pole 3 is identical.
In the present embodiment, stator module utilizes cooling fin wind-cooling heat dissipating, magnet exciting coil 7 to be gone forward side by side by power amplifier control
Row encapsulating processing, to improve the heat dissipation performance of stator module entirety.
In the present embodiment, the permanent magnetic circuit of heteropolar formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing uses radial magnetic circuit, tool
Body direction is as shown in Figure 2.The magnetic flux path of first, second permanent magnet 5,6 is：The poles N → auxiliary of first, second permanent magnet 5,6
The poles S of 2 → magnetic pole of the stator of magnetic pole 3 → working gas gap, 8 → rotor core, 41 → the first, second permanent magnet 5,6.
In the present embodiment, the electrical excitation magnetic circuit radial distribution of heteropolar formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing is selected in Fig. 3
The example for taking 4 radial section of stator core to be distributed as electrical excitation magnetic circuit.The electro-magnetic flux path that electrical excitation coil 7 generates
For：2 → working gas gap of magnetic pole of the stator 41 → working gas gap, 8 → rotor core 8 → adjacent 41 → stator core of magnetic pole of the stator 4
Yoke.
The operation principle of the heteropolar formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing of the present invention is as follows：By the first, second permanent magnet
5,6 the bias magnetic field that bearing suspends is provided, the control magnetic field needed is generated by electrical excitation coil 7.By taking X-axis as an example, positive losing side
To electrical excitation direction it is identical, magnetic direction can just be born, since 41 times permanent magnetic field directions of magnetic pole of the stator are all referring to circle
The heart, therefore the two is superimposed or offsets at working gas gap 8.The principle of Y direction is identical.
More specifically, by taking X-axis air-gap field as an example, when exciting current is timing, electricity excitation magnetic field at X-axis forward direction air gap
Identical with permanent magnetic field direction, air-gap field enhances after superposition, electricity excitation magnetic field and permanent magnetic field direction phase at X-axis negative sense air gap
Instead, air-gap field weakens after superposition；When exciting current is negative, magnetic field superposition effect is opposite.First, second permanent magnet 5,6
The control magnetic field that bias magnetic field and magnet exciting coil 7 generate is superimposed or offsets in the working gas gap 8 under magnetic pole of the stator 41, common to make
With generating bearing capacity on rotor.The transient current direction that the positive negative direction of X-axis or Y-axis of magnetic bearing corresponds to magnet exciting coil 7 is identical,
Two-way electricity excitation magnetic field can be generated, bias magnetic field is adjusted.
The heteropolar formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing of the present invention should use in pairs in concrete engineering application.
Compared with prior art, heteropolar formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing of the invention has the characteristics that：
(1) without permanent magnet additional air gap is not present, required electrical excitation magnetomotive force is small, efficient in electrical excitation magnetic circuit；It adjusts
Section exciting current will not cause the irreversible loss of excitation of permanent magnet, improve system reliability；Control magnetic flux is completely disposed at silicon steel core
In, dynamic loss is low.
(2) path of permanent magnetic circuit is short, starts to decouple at stator core with electrical excitation magnetic circuit；The design of auxiliary magnetic pole,
The larger problem of stator yoke thickness has been effectively relieved, has helped to reduce stator outer diameter, improves space availability ratio；Electrical excitation and forever
Magnetic magnetic circuit decouples, and is conducive to Control System Design.
(3) permanent magnet piecemeal insertion is placed, and not by any electromagnetic force and mechanical force, leakage field is small, easy to process and installation.
(4) bearing overall structure is symmetrical, and radial all directions can meet the requirement of different bearer power, can not only meet sleeping
The demand of formula system bearing rotor gravity, can also be applied to vertical system.
Several embodiments of the invention above described embodiment only expresses, the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously
Cannot the limitation to the scope of the claims of the present invention therefore be interpreted as.It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art
For, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to the guarantor of the present invention
Protect range.Therefore, the protection domain of patent of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of heteropolar formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing, including stator module and it is co-axially located in the stator module
Rotor assembly, the rotor assembly includes shaft (1) and is arranged rotor core (2) in the shaft (1) outside, the stator
Component includes auxiliary magnetic pole (3), stator core (4), permanent magnet (5,6) and magnet exciting coil (7), it is characterised in that：The stator
The inner surface of iron core (4) is along the circumferential direction evenly spaced on four magnetic pole of the stator (41) several again, adjacent two
There are one the auxiliary magnetic pole (3), each magnetic pole of the stator (41) and adjacent institutes for setting between the magnetic pole of the stator (41)
State an embedded permanent magnet (5,6), the magnetizing direction of adjacent two pieces of permanent magnets (5,6) between auxiliary magnetic pole (3)
On the contrary, magnet exciting coil (7) described in being provided with one group in slot between the two adjacent magnetic pole of the stator (41), the magnetic pole of the stator
(41), the auxiliary magnetic pole (3) towards between the surface of axis and the outer surface of the rotor core (2) is provided with work gas
Gap (8).
2. heteropolar formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Radial two opposite
The shape of two magnetic pole of the stator (41) on direction is identical, the auxiliary magnetic pole (3) and the magnetic pole of the stator (41) size
It is identical.
3. heteropolar formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：It is two radial
The sizes of two permanent magnets (5,6) in opposite direction is identical, magnetizing direction is opposite.
4. heteropolar formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The permanent magnet
(5,6) are fan ring perpendicular to axial section.
5. heteropolar formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The permanent magnet
(5,6) are made of neodymium iron boron or SmCo, using parallel magnetization or the circumferential mode that magnetizes.
6. heteropolar formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The shaft (1)
Be made of 25Cr2Ni4MoV, the rotor core (2) is formed by silicon steel plate stacking, the thickness of the silicon steel sheet be 0.2mm,
0.35mm or 0.5mm.
7. heteropolar formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The auxiliary magnetic pole
(3) it is formed by silicon steel plate stacking with the stator core (4), the thickness of the silicon steel sheet is 0.2mm, 0.35mm or 0.5mm.
8. heteropolar formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The magnet exciting coil
(7) encapsulating processing is carried out, and by power amplifier control.
9. heteropolar formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Stator module utilizes
Cooling fin radiates.
10. heteropolar formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The work gas
Gap (8) is less than 1mm.
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| CN201610896434.3A CN106337876B (en) | 2016-10-13 | 2016-10-13 | Heteropolar formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610896434.3A CN106337876B (en) | 2016-10-13 | 2016-10-13 | Heteropolar formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing |
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| CN106337876A CN106337876A (en) | 2017-01-18 |
| CN106337876B true CN106337876B (en) | 2018-10-16 |
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106838005B (en) * | 2017-04-11 | 2019-02-05 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of heteropolarity permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing |
| CN106812797B (en) * | 2017-04-11 | 2019-01-22 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of double layered stator permanent magnet offset radial magnetic bearing |
| CN109842224A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2019-06-04 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一一研究所 | Torque actuator |
| PL232739B1 (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2019-07-31 | Politechnika Opolska | Hybrid magnetic bearing |
| CN111434939A (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2020-07-21 | 北京精雕科技集团有限公司 | Low-power-consumption large-bearing-capacity three-phase permanent magnet biased radial magnetic suspension bearing |
| CN109854622B (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2020-04-28 | 中国船舶科学研究中心（中国船舶重工集团公司第七0二研究所） | Active magnetic bearing system capable of controlling axial system radial vibration based on intelligent material |
| CN116241564B (en) * | 2022-12-08 | 2024-01-23 | 淮阴工学院 | Octopole heteropolar DC hybrid magnetic bearing |
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