CN106337876A - Heterospolar type permanent magnet bias mixed radial magnetic bearing - Google Patents
Heterospolar type permanent magnet bias mixed radial magnetic bearing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106337876A CN106337876A CN201610896434.3A CN201610896434A CN106337876A CN 106337876 A CN106337876 A CN 106337876A CN 201610896434 A CN201610896434 A CN 201610896434A CN 106337876 A CN106337876 A CN 106337876A
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- Prior art keywords
- stator
- magnetic
- magnetic pole
- heteropole
- permanent magnet
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
- F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings
- F16C32/044—Active magnetic bearings
- F16C32/0459—Details of the magnetic circuit
Abstract
The invention discloses a heterospolar type permanent magnet bias mixed radial magnetic bearing. The heterospolar type permanent magnet bias mixed radial magnetic bearing comprises a stator assembly and a rotor assembly. The rotor assembly comprises a rotary shaft and a rotor iron core arranged outside the rotary shaft. The stator assembly comprises auxiliary magnetic poles, a stator iron core, permanent magnets and excitation coils. Stator magnetic poles with the number of the multiple of four are distributed on the inner surface of the stator iron core evenly at intervals in the circumferential direction. One auxiliary magnetic pole is arranged between every two adjacent stator magnetic poles. One permanent magnet is embedded between each stator magnetic pole and the adjacent auxiliary magnetic pole. The magnetizing directions of every two adjacent permanent magnets are opposite. One set of excitation coils are arranged in a groove between every two adjacent stator magnetic poles. Work air gaps are arranged between the surfaces, toward the axes, of the stator magnetic poles and the auxiliary magnetic poles, and the outer surface of the rotor iron core. An electrical excitation magnetic path of the magnetic bearing does not pass the permanent magnets, additional air gaps do not exist, the auxiliary magnetic poles effectively solve the problem that the stator yoke thickness is large, the stator outer diameter can be reduced, and the space utilization ratio is increased.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to magnetic bearing field is and in particular to a kind of heteropole formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing.
Background technology
Permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing has two big class: homopolarity formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing is (same hereinafter
Pole formula magnetic bearing) and heteropole formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing.The two difference is that permanent magnet bias magnetic field is controlled with electrical excitation
Relation between magnetic field, if permanent magnet bias magnetic field and electrical excitation control, and magnetic field is non-coplanar, such magnetic bearing is homopolarity formula magnetic axis
Hold;If two kinds of magnetic fields are in approximately the same plane, such magnetic bearing is heteropole formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing.
Current homopolarity formula magnetic bearing axially moves towards because permanent magnet bias magnetic flux itself exists, and the axial length of bearing is long,
It is unfavorable for that critical rotor speed improves.Although there is not this problem, mesh in heteropole formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing
Front structure still Shortcomings to a certain extent.
The electrical excitation magnetic circuit of some heteropole formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic axises passes through permanent magnet, not only needs larger encouraging
Magnetoelectricity stream, power consumption are larger, and repeatedly fill demagnetization to permanent magnet, reduce the reliability of permanent magnet.
The permanent magnetic circuit of some heteropole formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic axises is identical with silicon steel plate stacking direction, in iron core portion
Divide loss larger magnetomotive force, waste permanent magnet and be difficult to improve bearing rigidity.
Some heteropole formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic axises in order to by permanent magnetic circuit and electrical excitation magnetic circuit decoupling, in permanent magnet
Side adopts air gap as electrical excitation magnetic circuit.So, if air gap is excessive, electrical excitation is lost relatively at air gap
Big magnetomotive force, if air gap is little, permanent magnet leakage field is serious.
The permanent magnetism of nearly all existing heteropole formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing, electricity excitation magnetic field are all in yoke position
Put superposition, the thickness causing yoke is larger, radial dimension is bigger than normal.
Content of the invention
Present invention aims to the deficiency that prior art exists, provide a kind of without air gap, compact conformation,
The compact heteropole formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial bearing of size.
For achieving the above object, the heteropole formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing designed by the present invention includes stator module
With the rotor assembly being co-axially located in described stator module, described rotor assembly includes rotating shaft and is arranged on outside described rotating shaft
Rotor core, described stator module includes auxiliary magnetic pole, stator core, permanent magnet and magnet exciting coil, described stator core interior
Surface along the circumferential direction uniform intervals be distributed with four several again described magnetic pole of the stator, between two adjacent described magnetic pole of the stator
It is provided with a described auxiliary magnetic pole, described in embedded one between each described magnetic pole of the stator and adjacent described auxiliary magnetic pole forever
Magnet, the magnetizing direction of two pieces of adjacent described permanent magnets is contrary, is provided with the groove between two adjacent described magnetic pole of the stator
Magnet exciting coil described in one group, described magnetic pole of the stator, the surface towards axis of described auxiliary magnetic pole are outer with described rotor core
It is provided with described working gas gap between surface.
Preferably, radially the shape of two described magnetic pole of the stator on two rightabouts is identical, described auxiliary
Magnetic pole is identical with described magnetic pole of the stator size.
Preferably, radially the size of two described permanent magnets on two rightabouts is identical, magnetizing direction phase
Instead.
Preferably, described permanent magnet is fan ring perpendicular to axial section.
Preferably, described permanent magnet is made up of neodymium iron boron or SmCo, using parallel magnetization or the circumference side of magnetizing
Formula.
Preferably, described rotating shaft is made using 25cr2ni4mov, and described rotor core is by silicon steel plate stacking
Become, the thickness of described silicon steel sheet is 0.2mm, 0.35mm or 0.5mm.
Preferably, described auxiliary magnetic pole and described stator core are formed by silicon steel plate stacking, described silicon steel sheet
Thickness is 0.2mm, 0.35mm or 0.5mm.
Preferably, described magnet exciting coil carries out encapsulating process, and by power amplifier control.
Preferably, stator module utilizes fin to radiate.
Preferably, described working gas gap is less than 1mm.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the heteropole formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing of the present invention has the advantage that
(1) without permanent magnet, there is not additional air gap in electrical excitation magnetic circuit, and required electrical excitation magnetomotive force is little, efficiency high;Adjust
Section exciting current will not cause the irreversible loss of excitation of permanent magnet, improves system reliability;Magnetic flux is controlled to be completely disposed at silicon steel core
In, dynamic loss is low;
(2) path of permanent magnetic circuit is short, starts to decouple with electrical excitation magnetic circuit at stator core;Auxiliary magnetic pole is effectively alleviated
Stator yoke thickness larger problem, contributes to reducing stator outer diameter, improves space availability ratio;Electrical excitation and permanent magnetic circuit solution
Coupling, is conducive to Control System Design;
(3) permanent magnet piecemeal embeds and places, and is not subject to any electromagnetic force and mechanical force, leakage field is little, is easy to process and installs;
(4) bearing overall structure is symmetrical, and radial direction all directions all can meet different bearer power and require, and can not only meet sleeping
The demand of formula system bearing rotor gravity, also apply be applicable to vertical system.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the heteropole formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the permanent magnetic circuit schematic diagram of the heteropole formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the electrical excitation magnetic circuit schematic diagram of the heteropole formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing in Fig. 1.
The each part numbers of in figure are as follows: rotating shaft 1, rotor core 2, auxiliary magnetic pole 3, stator core 4 (wherein, magnetic pole of the stator
41), the first permanent magnet 5, the second permanent magnet 6, magnet exciting coil 7, working gas gap 8.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Refer to Fig. 1, the heteropole formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing that the preferred embodiment of the present invention provides includes stator
The assembly and magnetic suspension rotor assembly in stator module.
Rotor assembly includes rotating shaft 1 and the rotor core 2 being arranged on outside rotating shaft 1.Rotor core 2 hot jacket, in rotating shaft 1, turns
The size of axle 1 depends on the design of whole rotor-support-foundation system, the surfaces externally and internally of each part (rotating shaft 1, rotor core 2) of rotor assembly
It is smooth surface.From the point of view of reducing size and improving space availability ratio, rotating shaft 1 preferably employs the alloy of high intensity
Steel.In the present embodiment, rotating shaft 1 adopts 25cr2ni4mov, it is possible to obtain less internal diameter, compacter.Rotor core 2 is by silicon
Steel disc is overrided to form, and the thickness of silicon steel sheet is 0.2mm, 0.35mm or 0.5mm.
Stator module includes auxiliary magnetic pole 3, stator core 4, the first permanent magnet 5, the second permanent magnet 6 and magnet exciting coil 7.This
In embodiment, auxiliary magnetic pole 3 and stator core 4 are formed by silicon steel plate stacking, the thickness of silicon steel sheet be 0.2mm, 0.35mm or
0.5mm.First permanent magnet 5, the material of the second permanent magnet 6 are neodymium iron boron or SmCo.
Along the circumferential direction uniform intervals are distributed with four magnetic pole of the stator 41 to the inner surface of stator core 4.Adjacent two are fixed
It is provided with an auxiliary magnetic pole 3 between sub- magnetic pole 41.A permanent magnetism is embedded between magnetic pole of the stator 41 and adjacent auxiliary magnetic pole 3
Body (the first permanent magnet 5 or the second permanent magnet 6).The size of auxiliary magnetic pole 3, shape are identical with magnetic pole of the stator 41, as adjacent two
Block permanent magnet 5,6 turns on the necessary parts of magnetic circuit.Auxiliary magnetic pole 3 fixes first, second forever together with adjacent magnetic pole of the stator 41
Magnet 5,6.First, second permanent magnet 5,6 flat to magnetizing or circumference magnetizes.Adjacent two pieces of permanent magnets (the first permanent magnet 5 with
Second permanent magnet 6) magnetizing direction is contrary, realizes permanent magnetic circuit conducting by rotor core 2.
Eight permanent magnets (5, four the second permanent magnets 6 of four the first permanent magnets) are equal in magnitude, four the first permanent magnets 5
Magnetizing direction is identical, and the magnetizing direction of four the second permanent magnets 6 is identical, and the bias magnetic field of generation is equal, has preferably symmetrical
Property.For the ease of assembling and considering reality processing technique, first, second permanent magnet 5,6 is to fan ring perpendicular to axial section.
It is provided with one group of magnet exciting coil 7, magnet exciting coil in the groove between two adjacent magnetic pole of the stator 41 of stator core 4
7 carry out encapsulating is processed in order to fixing and radiating.Stator core 4 have four groups of magnet exciting coils 7, correspond to x-axis and y-axis respectively
Positive and negative four direction.
In stator core 4, coaxial position setting rotor core 2, leaves working gas gap between rotor core 2 and stator core 4
8.Specifically, it is provided between magnetic pole of the stator 41, the surface towards axis of auxiliary magnetic pole 3 and the outer surface of rotor core 2
Working gas gap 8.In order to ensure that magnetic bearing is provided that larger bearing capacity, working gas gap 8 must be in below 1mm.In the present embodiment
In, working gas gap 8 adopts 0.5mm.
In the present embodiment, in stator module, permanent magnet (the first permanent magnet 5, second permanent magnet 6) is damascene structures, fills
Magnetic mode is magnetized mode using parallel magnetization or circumference, radially the permanent magnet on two rightabouts (the first permanent magnet 5,
Two permanent magnets 6) size is identical, placement direction is contrary.
In the present embodiment, magnetic pole of the stator 41 number of stator core 4 is 4, in other preferred embodiments, stator iron
Magnetic pole of the stator 41 number of core 4 may be configured as four several again, such as 4,8 or 16, radially two phase negative sides
The shape of magnetic pole of the stator 41 upwards is identical.The number of auxiliary magnetic pole 3 is identical with the number of magnetic pole of the stator 41, size is identical, can
It is set to 4,8 or 16, the shape of auxiliary magnetic pole 3 is identical.
In the present embodiment, stator module utilizes fin wind-cooling heat dissipating, and magnet exciting coil 7 is gone forward side by side by power amplifier control
Row encapsulating is processed, thus improving the overall heat dispersion of stator module.
In the present embodiment, the permanent magnetic circuit of heteropole formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing adopts radial magnetic circuit, its tool
Body direction is as shown in Figure 2.The magnetic flux path of first, second permanent magnet 5,6 is: the n pole → auxiliary of first, second permanent magnet 5,6
The s pole of magnetic pole 3 → working gas gap, 8 → rotor core, 2 → magnetic pole of the stator 41 → first, second permanent magnet 5,6.
In the present embodiment, the electrical excitation magnetic circuit radial distribution of heteropole formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing, selects in Fig. 3
Take the example that stator core 4 radial section is distributed as electrical excitation magnetic circuit.The electro-magnetic flux path that electrical excitation coil 7 produces
Magnetic pole of the stator 41 → stator core 4 for: magnetic pole of the stator 41 → working gas gap, 8 → rotor core, 2 → working gas gap 8 → adjacent
Yoke.
The operation principle of the heteropole formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing of the present invention is as follows: by first, second permanent magnet
5th, 6 provide the bias magnetic field that bearing suspends, produced the control magnetic field of needs by electrical excitation coil 7.Taking x-axis as a example, its positive losing side
To electrical excitation direction identical, magnetic direction can just can be born, because 41 times permanent magnetic field directions of magnetic pole of the stator are all referring to circle
The heart, therefore the two is superimposed at working gas gap 8 or offsets.The principle in y-axis direction is identical.
More specifically, when exciting current is timing taking x-axis air-gap field as a example, electricity excitation magnetic field at x-axis forward direction air gap
Identical with permanent magnetic field direction, after superposition, air-gap field strengthens, electricity excitation magnetic field and permanent magnetic field direction phase at x-axis negative sense air gap
Instead, after superposition, air-gap field weakens;When exciting current is negative, magnetic field superposition effect is contrary.First, second permanent magnet 5,6
The magnetic field that controls of bias magnetic field and magnet exciting coil 7 generation is superimposed in the working gas gap 8 under magnetic pole of the stator 41 or offsets, common work
Bearing capacity is produced on rotor.The transient current direction of the x-axis of magnetic bearing or the corresponding magnet exciting coil 7 of the positive negative direction of y-axis is identical,
Two-way electricity excitation magnetic field can be produced, bias magnetic field is adjusted.
The heteropole formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing of the present invention should use in concrete engineering application in pairs.
Compared with prior art, the heteropole formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing of the present invention has the following characteristics that
(1) without permanent magnet, there is not additional air gap in electrical excitation magnetic circuit, and required electrical excitation magnetomotive force is little, efficiency high;Adjust
Section exciting current will not cause the irreversible loss of excitation of permanent magnet, improves system reliability;Magnetic flux is controlled to be completely disposed at silicon steel core
In, dynamic loss is low.
(2) path of permanent magnetic circuit is short, starts to decouple with electrical excitation magnetic circuit at stator core;The design of auxiliary magnetic pole,
Effectively alleviate the larger problem of stator yoke thickness, contribute to reducing stator outer diameter, improve space availability ratio;Electrical excitation and forever
Magnetic magnetic circuit decouples, and is conducive to Control System Design.
(3) permanent magnet piecemeal embeds and places, and is not subject to any electromagnetic force and mechanical force, leakage field is little, is easy to process and installs.
(4) bearing overall structure is symmetrical, and radial direction all directions all can meet different bearer power and require, and can not only meet sleeping
The demand of formula system bearing rotor gravity, also apply be applicable to vertical system.
Embodiment described above only have expressed the several embodiments of the present invention, and its description is more concrete and detailed, but simultaneously
Therefore the restriction to the scope of the claims of the present invention can not be interpreted as.It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art
For, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, some deformation can also be made and improve, these broadly fall into the guarantor of the present invention
Shield scope.Therefore, the protection domain of patent of the present invention should be defined by claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of heteropole formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing, including stator module and being co-axially located in described stator module
Rotor assembly, described rotor assembly includes rotating shaft (1) and is arranged on described rotating shaft (1) rotor core (2) outward, described stator
Assembly include auxiliary magnetic pole (3), stator core (4), permanent magnet (5,6) and magnet exciting coil (7) it is characterised in that: described stator
The inner surface of iron core (4) along the circumferential direction uniform intervals be distributed with four several again described magnetic pole of the stator (41), adjacent two
It is provided with a described auxiliary magnetic pole (3), each described magnetic pole of the stator (41) and adjacent institute between described magnetic pole of the stator (41)
State and between auxiliary magnetic pole (3), embed a described permanent magnet (5,6), the magnetizing direction of adjacent two pieces of described permanent magnets (5,6)
On the contrary, it is provided with magnet exciting coil (7) described in a group, described magnetic pole of the stator in the groove between two adjacent described magnetic pole of the stator (41)
(41), it is provided with described work between the surface towards axis of described auxiliary magnetic pole (3) and the outer surface of described rotor core (2)
Acting air gap (8).
2. heteropole formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing according to claim 1 it is characterised in that: radially two contrary
The shape of two on direction described magnetic pole of the stator (41) is identical, described auxiliary magnetic pole (3) and described magnetic pole of the stator (41) size
Identical.
3. heteropole formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing according to claim 1 and 2 it is characterised in that: radially two
The size of two on rightabout described permanent magnets (5,6) is identical, magnetizing direction is contrary.
4. heteropole formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing according to claim 3 it is characterised in that: described permanent magnet
(5,6) are fan ring perpendicular to axial section.
5. heteropole formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing according to claim 4 it is characterised in that: described permanent magnet
(5,6) are made up of neodymium iron boron or SmCo, are magnetized mode using parallel magnetization or circumference.
6. heteropole formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing according to claim 3 it is characterised in that: described rotating shaft (1)
Made using 25cr2ni4mov, described rotor core (2) is formed by silicon steel plate stacking, the thickness of described silicon steel sheet is 0.2mm,
0.35mm or 0.5mm.
7. heteropole formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing according to claim 3 it is characterised in that: described auxiliary magnetic pole
(3) formed by silicon steel plate stacking with described stator core (4), the thickness of described silicon steel sheet is 0.2mm, 0.35mm or 0.5mm.
8. heteropole formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing according to claim 3 it is characterised in that: described magnet exciting coil
(7) carry out encapsulating process, and by power amplifier control.
9. heteropole formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing according to claim 3 it is characterised in that: stator module utilize
Fin radiates.
10. heteropole formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing according to claim 3 it is characterised in that: described work gas
Gap (8) is less than 1mm.
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Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN106812797A (en) * | 2017-04-11 | 2017-06-09 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of double layered stator permanent magnet offset radial magnetic bearing |
CN106838005A (en) * | 2017-04-11 | 2017-06-13 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of heteropolarity permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing |
PL425938A1 (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2019-02-25 | Politechnika Opolska | Hybrid magnetic bearing |
CN109842224A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2019-06-04 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一一研究所 | Torque actuator |
CN109854622A (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2019-06-07 | 中国船舶科学研究中心(中国船舶重工集团公司第七0二研究所) | A kind of active magnet bearing systems can control shafting radial vibration based on intellectual material |
CN116241564A (en) * | 2022-12-08 | 2023-06-09 | 淮阴工学院 | Octopole heteropolar DC hybrid magnetic bearing |
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CN104632890A (en) * | 2015-01-13 | 2015-05-20 | 北京航空航天大学 | FDOF (four degrees of freedom) radial magnetic bearing with damping coil integrated structure |
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Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN106812797A (en) * | 2017-04-11 | 2017-06-09 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of double layered stator permanent magnet offset radial magnetic bearing |
CN106838005A (en) * | 2017-04-11 | 2017-06-13 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of heteropolarity permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing |
CN106838005B (en) * | 2017-04-11 | 2019-02-05 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of heteropolarity permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing |
CN109842224A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2019-06-04 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一一研究所 | Torque actuator |
PL425938A1 (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2019-02-25 | Politechnika Opolska | Hybrid magnetic bearing |
CN109854622A (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2019-06-07 | 中国船舶科学研究中心(中国船舶重工集团公司第七0二研究所) | A kind of active magnet bearing systems can control shafting radial vibration based on intellectual material |
CN116241564A (en) * | 2022-12-08 | 2023-06-09 | 淮阴工学院 | Octopole heteropolar DC hybrid magnetic bearing |
CN116241564B (en) * | 2022-12-08 | 2024-01-23 | 淮阴工学院 | Octopole heteropolar DC hybrid magnetic bearing |
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