CN106332771A - Method for cultivation of high-yield, high-quality and multi-resistant paddy rice new variety - Google Patents
Method for cultivation of high-yield, high-quality and multi-resistant paddy rice new variety Download PDFInfo
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- CN106332771A CN106332771A CN201610666477.2A CN201610666477A CN106332771A CN 106332771 A CN106332771 A CN 106332771A CN 201610666477 A CN201610666477 A CN 201610666477A CN 106332771 A CN106332771 A CN 106332771A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
Abstract
The invention provides a method for cultivation of high-yield, high-quality and multi-resistant paddy rice new variety; with cooperative use of three methods comprising a trait correlation selection method, a trait tracking identification method and a salt tolerant selection method, and through artificial design of planting conditions during seed cultivation, high yield, high quality, disease resistance, lodging resistance, drought resistance, cold resistance, salt-alkaline tolerance and other traits are optimized, and thus the high-yield, high-quality and multi-resistant paddy rice new variety is obtained.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agriculture breeding technical field, especially, it is related to a kind of cultivation high yield, high-quality, multi-resistant rice new product
The method planted.
Background technology
Oryza sativa L. originates in China, and before 7,000 years, Yangtze River in China basin is with regard to rice cultivation.According to different methods, Oryza sativa L. can be divided
For long-grained nonglutinous rice and japonica rice, early rice and middle late rice, Oryza sativa L. var. glutinosa Matsum. and non-Oryza sativa L. var. glutinosa Matsum..Oryza sativa L. institute knot reality is Oryza glutinosa, and Oryza glutinosa (grain) claims big after shelling
Rice, scented rice, rice.Nearly half population in the world, all with rice for food.The eating method of rice is varied, has rice, rice
Medicated porridge, rice cake, rice cake, rice wine etc..Oryza sativa L., in addition to edible, can also be made wine, refine sugar and make the raw material of industry, rice husk, rice straw, Ke Yizuo
For feedstuff.China Oryza sativa L. main producing region is mainly the Northeast, the Yangtze river basin, Pearl River Delta.Belong to cereal crops.Still in the world
The staple food of 1/3rd mankind.
In recent years, the method for biological modification is concentrated mainly on transgene improvement aspect, but transgene improvement food is due to peace
Full problem do not obtain the generally approval of the people masses, therefore cultivates high yield, high-quality, multi-resistant rice new varieties with non-transgenic mode
Research is still very necessary.
Content of the invention
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of high yield, high-quality, multi-resistance cultivated is (disease-resistant, anti-fall, drought resisting, resistance to
Cold, Salt And Alkali Tolerance) new rice variety method.
Inventor is theoretical according to the artificial selection that summarizes the experience out of rice breeding for many years: the biocenose of any same kind
All it is made up of individuality, the gene recombinaton being caused due to absoluteness or the natural hybrization of hereditary variation, intravarietal concordance
Though main flow, though variation individuality is minority, variation is absolute.Defect individual just can be obtained by orthoselection, and can phase
To stably entailing offspring, so that biology constantly adapts to the requirement of people's production, from rudimentary to senior development.
According to this theoretical direction, inventor passes through character Correlation selection method, character follows the tracks of identification method and salt tolerant selects
Three kinds of methods of method use cooperatively, and combine actual, summarize a kind of high yield, high-quality, multi-resistance cultivated (disease-resistant, anti-fall, drought resisting, resistance to
Cold, Salt And Alkali Tolerance) new rice variety method.
A kind of cultivation high yield, high-quality, the method for multi-resistant rice new varieties, comprise the following steps:
A, select that premunition is strong, resistant to lodging respectively, drought resisting, cold-resistant, the Oryza sativa L. Parent of Salt And Alkali Tolerance, single fringe plantation, opening
Florescence is hybridized using " Oryza sativa L. sexual hybridization technology ", receives cenospecies；
B, cenospecies after planting, single this transplanting cenospecies, and artificially separately design the easy planting conditions that rice disease occurs,
Cold planting conditions, arid planting conditions, saline-alkali soil planting conditions；
C, respectively selection plant type are compact, the plant that upright blade is lifted, the high plant of photosynthetic utilization rate；Same density, often
Plant more than the effective fringe in cave, tillering ability is strong, the high plant of the percentage of earbearing tiller；Same density, tillering ability is strong, the high plant of the percentage of earbearing tiller；Knot
Real rate is high, grain oblong, and color of the leather is good, the high plant of commodity value；Oryza glutinosa color and luster is good, and the most exterior quality of the thin person of rice husk is good
Plant；Palatability is good, the plant of rice nutrition quality better；The strong plant of disease resistance；Cold-resistant plant, drought-enduring plant, anti-
Plant, the plant of Salt And Alkali Tolerance；
D, the plant seed of the selection in previous step is hybridized again, received cenospecies；
E, by these seeds possess at the same time easy there is rice disease, cold, arid, saline-alkali soil under conditions of planted
Plant, continue to choose the plant that plant type is compact, and upright blade is lifted, the high plant of photosynthetic utilization rate；Same density, the effective fringe in every cave
Many plant, tillering ability is strong, the high plant of the percentage of earbearing tiller；Same density, tillering ability is strong, the high plant of the percentage of earbearing tiller；Setting percentage is high, paddy
Grain length is oval, and color of the leather is good, the high plant of commodity value；Oryza glutinosa color and luster is good, the good plant of the most exterior quality of the thin person of rice husk；Anti-
The plant of lodging；
The step of f, repeat step d and e, compact to meeting plant type simultaneously until choosing, upright blade is lifted, photosynthetic utilization
Rate is high；Same density, the plant more than the effective fringe in every cave, tillering ability is strong, and the percentage of earbearing tiller is high；Same density, tillering ability is strong, the percentage of earbearing tiller
High；Setting percentage is high, grain oblong, and color of the leather is good, and commodity value is high；Oryza glutinosa color and luster is good, and the most exterior quality of the thin person of rice husk is good；
Palatability is good, rice nutrition quality better；Disease resistance is strong；Cold-resistant, drought-enduring, anti-fall, Salt And Alkali Tolerance plant, then carries out single this and inserts
Plant；Till strain is stable；
When g, this transplanting single, choose different fertilizer condition and planted, obtain optimal fertilizer planting conditions.
Preferably, in described step b, it is reduces cost, shorten breeding cycle, during artificial design planting conditions, permissible
Field is divided into the square planting site of 10*10m, is separated with acrylic board between adjacent planting site, described acrylic board
Mounting means is: underground insertion 2-3m, exposes 30-40cm on the ground, adjacent acrylic board is interconnected with dismountable mechanical lock buckle phase
Connect, both adjacent planting site can be separated, aerial partss are also convenient for water-retention, rice cultivation.
Preferably, the selects standard of described anti-fall plant is: leaf color is dark green, and plant type is compact, punching, blade width on blade
Short suitable.
Preferably, in described step g, conventional nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, fertilizer, three kinds of microbial manure are chosen respectively
Fertilizer carries out Oryza sativa L. this transplanting single.
Preferably, in described step f, sexual hybrids, typically start stable in f4 generation.Elder can be steady in f6 generation
Fixed；Variant offspring, short person can be stable in 2 years, and elder can be stable in 4 years.
Preferably, in described step f, stable strain is participated in ore grade indexes and is tested 1 year, participates in variety protection within latter 2 years
Test；After variety test is qualified, provincial region test or national region test can be participated in；Province's life can be participated in after area's examination is qualified
Produce test or national pilot production, finally by province or country's authorization；Finally select by save or country's authorization high yield, excellent
Matter, multi-resistant rice new varieties.
The method have the advantages that the present invention's cultivates high yield, high-quality, the method for multi-resistant rice new varieties, lead to
Cross character Correlation selection method, character follows the tracks of identification method and three kinds of methods of salt tolerant selection method use cooperatively, educated by engineer
Kind when planting conditions, the character such as high yield, high-quality, disease-resistant, anti-fall, drought resisting, cold-resistant, Salt And Alkali Tolerance are carried out preferably, obtain high yield,
High-quality, multi-resistant rice new varieties.
In addition to objects, features and advantages described above, the present invention also has other objects, features and advantages.
The present invention is further detailed explanation below.
Specific embodiment
Hereinafter embodiments of the invention are described in detail, but the present invention can limit according to claim and cover
Multitude of different ways implement.
Embodiment 1
A kind of cultivation high yield, high-quality, the method for multi-resistant rice new varieties, comprise the following steps:
A, select that premunition is strong, resistant to lodging respectively, drought resisting, cold-resistant, the Oryza sativa L. Parent of Salt And Alkali Tolerance, single fringe plantation, opening
Florescence is hybridized using " Oryza sativa L. sexual hybridization technology ", receives cenospecies；
B, cenospecies after planting, single this transplanting cenospecies, and artificially separately design the easy planting conditions that rice disease occurs,
Cold planting conditions, arid planting conditions, saline-alkali soil planting conditions；
For reduces cost, shorten breeding cycle, during artificial design planting conditions, field can be divided into the pros of 10*10m
Shape planting site, is separated with acrylic board between adjacent planting site, and the mounting means of described acrylic board is: underground insertion 2-
3m, exposes 30-40cm on the ground, and adjacent acrylic board is connected with each other with dismountable mechanical lock buckle, both can be by adjacent plantation
Ground separates, and aerial partss are also convenient for water-retention, rice cultivation；
C, respectively selection plant type are compact, upright blade are lifted, the high plant of photosynthetic utilization rate；Same density, every cave is effective
Plant more than fringe, tillering ability is strong, the high plant of the percentage of earbearing tiller；Same density, tillering ability is strong, the high plant of the percentage of earbearing tiller；Setting percentage is high,
Grain oblong, color of the leather is good, the high plant of commodity value；Oryza glutinosa color and luster is good, the good plant of the most exterior quality of the thin person of rice husk；
Palatability is good, the plant of rice nutrition quality better；The strong plant of disease resistance；Cold-resistant plant, drought-enduring plant, anti-fall plant
Strain, the plant of Salt And Alkali Tolerance；
D, the plant seed of the selection in previous step is hybridized again, received cenospecies；
E, by these seeds possess at the same time easy there is rice disease, cold, arid, saline-alkali soil under conditions of planted
Plant, continue to choose the plant that plant type is compact, and upright blade is lifted, the high plant of photosynthetic utilization rate；Same density, the effective fringe in every cave
Many plant, tillering ability is strong, the high plant of the percentage of earbearing tiller；Same density, tillering ability is strong, the high plant of the percentage of earbearing tiller；Setting percentage is high, paddy
Grain length is oval, and color of the leather is good, the high plant of commodity value；Oryza glutinosa color and luster is good, the good plant of the most exterior quality of the thin person of rice husk；Anti-
The plant of lodging；
Obtain being provided simultaneously with same density, the plant more than the effective fringe in every cave, tillering ability is strong, the high and same density of the percentage of earbearing tiller,
Tillering ability is strong, the plant a of the high two kinds of character of the percentage of earbearing tiller；Compact with being provided simultaneously with plant type, upright blade is lifted, photosynthetic utilization rate
High, setting percentage is high, grain oblong, and color of the leather is good, and commodity value is high, Oryza glutinosa color and luster is good, the most exterior quality of the thin person of rice husk is good,
The plant b of four kinds of character resistant to lodging；
F, by above a and b plant seed be continued for hybridize, receive cenospecies；And these seeds are possessed easily at the same time
There is rice disease, cold, arid, planted under conditions of saline-alkali soil, final compact, the leaf that simultaneously met plant type chosen
Piece is uprightly upper to be lifted, and photosynthetic utilization rate is high；Same density, the plant more than the effective fringe in every cave, tillering ability is strong, and the percentage of earbearing tiller is high；Same close
Degree, tillering ability is strong, and the percentage of earbearing tiller is high；Setting percentage is high, grain oblong, and color of the leather is good, and commodity value is high；Oryza glutinosa color and luster is good, rice husk
The most exterior quality of thin person is good；Palatability is good, rice nutrition quality better；Disease resistance is strong；Cold-resistant, drought-enduring, anti-fall, Salt And Alkali Tolerance plant
Strain, then carries out this transplanting single；Till strain is stable；
When g, this transplanting single, choose the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer of routine respectively, fertilizer, three kinds of fertilizer of microbial manure are carried out
Oryza sativa L. this transplanting single, obtains optimal fertilizer planting conditions.
Embodiment 2
A kind of cultivation high yield, high-quality, the method for multi-resistant rice new varieties, comprise the following steps:
A, select that premunition is strong, resistant to lodging respectively, drought resisting, cold-resistant, the Oryza sativa L. Parent of Salt And Alkali Tolerance, single fringe plantation, opening
Florescence is hybridized using " Oryza sativa L. sexual hybridization technology ", receives cenospecies；
B, cenospecies after planting, single this transplanting cenospecies, and artificially separately design the easy planting conditions that rice disease occurs,
Cold planting conditions, arid planting conditions, saline-alkali soil planting conditions；
For reduces cost, shorten breeding cycle, during artificial design planting conditions, field can be divided into the pros of 10*10m
Shape planting site, is separated with acrylic board between adjacent planting site, and the mounting means of described acrylic board is: underground insertion 2-
3m, exposes 30-40cm on the ground, and adjacent acrylic board is connected with each other with dismountable mechanical lock buckle, both can be by adjacent plantation
Ground separates, and aerial partss are also convenient for water-retention, rice cultivation；
C, respectively selection plant type are compact, upright blade are lifted, the high plant of photosynthetic utilization rate；Same density, every cave is effective
Plant more than fringe, tillering ability is strong, the high plant of the percentage of earbearing tiller；Same density, tillering ability is strong, the high plant of the percentage of earbearing tiller；Setting percentage is high,
Grain oblong, color of the leather is good, the high plant of commodity value；Oryza glutinosa color and luster is good, the good plant of the most exterior quality of the thin person of rice husk；
Palatability is good, the plant of rice nutrition quality better；The strong plant of disease resistance；Cold-resistant plant, drought-enduring plant, anti-fall plant
Strain, the plant of Salt And Alkali Tolerance；
D, the plant seed of the selection in previous step is hybridized again, received cenospecies；
E, by these seeds possess at the same time easy there is rice disease, cold, arid, saline-alkali soil under conditions of planted
Plant, continue to choose the plant that plant type is compact, and upright blade is lifted, the high plant of photosynthetic utilization rate；Same density, the effective fringe in every cave
Many plant, tillering ability is strong, the high plant of the percentage of earbearing tiller；Same density, tillering ability is strong, the high plant of the percentage of earbearing tiller；Setting percentage is high, paddy
Grain length is oval, and color of the leather is good, the high plant of commodity value；Oryza glutinosa color and luster is good, the good plant of the most exterior quality of the thin person of rice husk；
Obtain possessing same density, the plant more than the effective fringe in every cave, tillering ability is strong, the extraordinary plant of the high character of the percentage of earbearing tiller
a；Be provided simultaneously with same density, tillering ability is strong, and the percentage of earbearing tiller is high, plant type is compact, and upright blade is lifted, and photosynthetic utilization rate is high, knot
Real rate is high, grain oblong, and color of the leather is good, and commodity value is high, Oryza glutinosa color and luster is good, four kinds of property of the most exterior quality of the thin person of rice husk
The plant b of shape；The extraordinary plant c of character resistant to lodging；
F, by above a and c plant seed be continued for hybridize, receive cenospecies；And these seeds are possessed easily at the same time
There is rice disease, cold, arid, planted under conditions of saline-alkali soil, choose and be provided simultaneously with same density, the effective fringe in every cave
Many plant, tillering ability is strong, the plant d of the high and resistant to lodging two kinds of character of the percentage of earbearing tiller；
G, by above b and d plant seed be continued for hybridize, receive cenospecies；And these seeds are possessed easily at the same time
There is rice disease, cold, arid, planted under conditions of saline-alkali soil, final compact, the leaf that simultaneously met plant type chosen
Piece is uprightly upper to be lifted, and photosynthetic utilization rate is high；Same density, the plant more than the effective fringe in every cave, tillering ability is strong, and the percentage of earbearing tiller is high；Same close
Degree, tillering ability is strong, and the percentage of earbearing tiller is high；Setting percentage is high, grain oblong, and color of the leather is good, and commodity value is high；Oryza glutinosa color and luster is good, rice husk
The most exterior quality of thin person is good；Palatability is good, rice nutrition quality better；Disease resistance is strong；Cold-resistant, drought-enduring, anti-fall, Salt And Alkali Tolerance plant
Strain, then carries out this transplanting single；Till strain is stable；
When g, this transplanting single, choose the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer of routine respectively, fertilizer, three kinds of fertilizer of microbial manure are carried out
Oryza sativa L. this transplanting single, obtains optimal fertilizer planting conditions.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for the skill of this area
For art personnel, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.All within the spirit and principles in the present invention, made any repair
Change, equivalent, improvement etc., should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of cultivation high yield, high-quality, the method for multi-resistant rice new varieties are it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
A, select that premunition is strong, resistant to lodging respectively, drought resisting, cold-resistant, the Oryza sativa L. Parent of Salt And Alkali Tolerance, single fringe plantation, in florescence
Hybridized using " Oryza sativa L. sexual hybridization technology ", received cenospecies；
B, cenospecies after planting, single this transplanting cenospecies, and artificially separately design the easy planting conditions that rice disease occurs, cold
Planting conditions, arid planting conditions, saline-alkali soil planting conditions；
C, respectively selection plant type are compact, the plant that upright blade is lifted, the high plant of photosynthetic utilization rate；Same density, every cave has
Plant more than effect fringe, tillering ability is strong, the high plant of the percentage of earbearing tiller；Same density, tillering ability is strong, the high plant of the percentage of earbearing tiller；Setting percentage
Height, grain oblong, color of the leather is good, the high plant of commodity value；Oryza glutinosa color and luster is good, the good plant of the most exterior quality of the thin person of rice husk
Strain；Palatability is good, the plant of rice nutrition quality better；The strong plant of disease resistance；Cold-resistant plant, drought-enduring plant, anti-fall
Plant, the plant of Salt And Alkali Tolerance；
D, the plant seed of the selection in previous step is hybridized as f1 again, received cenospecies f2；
E, by these seeds possess at the same time easy there is rice disease, cold, arid, saline-alkali soil under conditions of planted, continue
Continuous selection plant type is compact, the plant that upright blade is lifted, the high plant of photosynthetic utilization rate；Same density, more than the effective fringe in every cave
Plant, tillering ability is strong, the high plant of the percentage of earbearing tiller；Same density, tillering ability is strong, the high plant of the percentage of earbearing tiller；Setting percentage is high, and grain is long
Ellipse, color of the leather is good, the high plant of commodity value；Oryza glutinosa color and luster is good, the good plant of the most exterior quality of the thin person of rice husk；Resistant to lodging
Plant；
The step of f, repeat step d and e, compact to meeting plant type simultaneously until choosing, upright blade is lifted, photosynthetic utilization rate
High；Same density, the plant more than the effective fringe in every cave, tillering ability is strong, and the percentage of earbearing tiller is high；Same density, tillering ability is strong, and the percentage of earbearing tiller is high；
Setting percentage is high, grain oblong, and color of the leather is good, and commodity value is high；Oryza glutinosa color and luster is good, and the most exterior quality of the thin person of rice husk is good；Suitable
Mouth property is good, rice nutrition quality better；Disease resistance is strong；Cold-resistant, drought-enduring, anti-fall, Salt And Alkali Tolerance plant, then carries out this transplanting single；
Till strain is stable；
When g, this transplanting single, choose different fertilizer condition and planted, obtain optimal fertilizer planting conditions.
2. the method cultivating high yield, high-quality, multi-resistant rice new varieties as claimed in claim 1 is it is characterised in that described step
In rapid b, during artificial design planting conditions, field is divided into the square planting site of 10*10m, with sub- gram between adjacent planting site
Power plate separates, and the mounting means of described acrylic board is: underground insertion 2-3m, exposes 30-40cm on the ground, adjacent acrylic board
It is connected with each other with dismountable mechanical lock buckle.
3. the method cultivating high yield, high-quality, multi-resistant rice new varieties as claimed in claim 1 is it is characterised in that described is anti-
The selects standard of the plant falling is: leaf color is dark green, and plant type is compact, and on blade, punching, blade width are short suitable.
4. the method cultivating high yield, high-quality, multi-resistant rice new varieties as claimed in claim 1 is it is characterised in that described step
In rapid g, choose the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer of routine respectively, fertilizer, three kinds of fertilizer of microbial manure carry out Oryza sativa L. this transplanting single.
5. the method cultivating high yield, high-quality, multi-resistant rice new varieties as claimed in claim 1 is it is characterised in that described step
In rapid f, stable strain is participated in ore grade indexes and is tested 1 year, participates in variety test within latter 2 years；After variety test is qualified,
Provincial region test or national region test can be participated in；Province's pilot production or national pilot production can be participated in, after area's examination is qualified
Pass through afterwards to save or country's authorization；Finally select the high yield authorized by province or country, high-quality, multi-resistant rice new varieties.
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| CN110050688A (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2019-07-26 | 武汉弘耕种业有限公司 | A kind of selection of hybrid rice restorer line |
| CN114931076A (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2022-08-23 | 沭阳县诚信米业有限公司 | Method for planting new variety rice with high stress resistance of high-quality gene in biological industry |
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| CN110050688A (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2019-07-26 | 武汉弘耕种业有限公司 | A kind of selection of hybrid rice restorer line |
| CN114931076A (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2022-08-23 | 沭阳县诚信米业有限公司 | Method for planting new variety rice with high stress resistance of high-quality gene in biological industry |
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Application publication date: 20170118 |