CN106328726B - 两面受光的高效晶体硅太阳能电池局域接触背场铝浆及其制备方法 - Google Patents
两面受光的高效晶体硅太阳能电池局域接触背场铝浆及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种两面受光的高效晶体硅太阳能电池局域接触背场铝浆及其制备方法,所述铝浆主要用于覆盖双面钝化背钝化电池背面开槽处,同时不覆盖整个背部钝化膜覆盖区域,由下列组份按照重量份配比组成:铝粉85‑95份,有机载体10‑15份,无机粘结剂0.1‑6份。所述有机载体包括增稠剂、触变剂、分散剂、余量为溶剂,使得浆料印刷性好且经烧结后铝栅线具有一定的高宽比。另外,在铝浆中加入的一种混合无机粘结剂,能使铝层在局域接触处与硅基体形成良好的欧姆接触。本发明不仅增加电池对太阳光的吸收,增加红光响应,而且能有效降低载流子在背表面复合,综合效果可使电池的光电转换效率大大提高。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于太阳能电池领域,具体涉及一种两面受光的高效晶体硅太阳能电池局域接触背场铝浆及其制备方法。
背景技术
常规晶体硅太阳能电池一般采用背面整面印刷铝浆,这种全铝背场结构的缺点是背面反射率低,电池对长波段光子的吸收弱,造成电池背表面光生载流子表面复合速率高,从而影响电池的电性能。改善表面钝化的质量、降低表面复合速率已经成为提高电池效率的主要手段之一。PERC硅太阳能电池是常规晶体硅太阳能电池的一种特殊类型,其特征是电池正面和背面均具有介质钝化层。而两面受光的高效晶体硅太阳能电池局域接触电池,则是通过激光技术在背面介质层上开槽,露出线状或点状硅衬底,然后经丝网印刷将铝浆印刷在介质层开槽处,同时不覆盖整个背场区域。
钝化膜不仅具有减反射作用增加了红光响应,增加电池对太阳光的吸收,而且降低了载流子在背面的复合,综合效果可使电池的光电转换效率大大提高,是商品化晶体硅太阳电池的发展方向。
发明内容
发明目的:在于提供一种两面受光的高效晶体硅太阳能电池局域接触背场铝浆及其制备方法,该铝浆的主要特点在于印刷性好、烧结后能铝栅线具有一定的高宽比、能在局域接触处形成良好的欧姆接触。
技术方案:为实现上述目的,本发明的技术方案是提供了一种两面受光的高效晶体硅太阳能电池局域接触背场铝浆及其制备方法,所述铝浆由下列组份按照重量份数组成:铝粉85-95份,有机载体10-15份,无机粘结剂0.1-6份。
作为优化:所述的铝粉,中位径0.3-0.8um,其振实密度在1-3g/cm3。
作为优化:所述的有机载体包括增稠剂、触变剂、分散剂、余量为溶剂,其中增稠剂为二甲苯树脂、醋丙纤维素、醋丁纤维素、丙烯酸树脂、硝基纤维素中的一种或多种,优选的是丙烯酸树脂;触变剂为聚酰胺蜡、聚乙烯蜡、有机膨润土中的一种或两种;添加剂为BYK2009、偶联剂KH-570,溶剂为松油醇、丁基卡必醇、丙醇甲醚醋酸酯、醇酯十二、石油醚中的一种或几种。
作为优化:所述混合无机粘结剂,由具有特定软化温度的玻璃粉、纳米锌粉和纳米氧化钼经球磨烘干工艺制成。所述玻璃粉为铋酸盐玻璃,其粒径在1-5um,玻璃粉软化温度在450-500℃范围内;所述纳米锌粉,纯度大于99.6%,粒径为20-80nm,纯度大于99.6%;所述纳米氧化钼,纯度大于99.6%,粒径为60-100nm。所述混合无机粘结剂中按照重量份数计,铋酸盐玻璃占85-95份,纳米锌粉占1-10份,纳米氧化钼占1-10份。
相对现有技术,本发明取得以下有益效果:有机载体中丙烯酸树脂起到改善浆料粘度作用;聚酰胺蜡、聚乙烯蜡、有机膨润土提供浆料触变性;松油醇、丁基卡必醇、丙醇甲醚醋酸酯、醇酯十二、石油醚为浆料提供流动性;偶联剂KH-570为浆料提供塑性,以上原材料配合使用,为浆料提供均衡的流动性、塑性和触变性,使浆料利于印刷,能形成一定高宽比的铝栅线。混合无机粘结剂中使用纳米锌粉,纳米锌粉具有较高活性,在铝层中填充到铝粉空隙中形成更加致密的导电层,提高电池片的电性能。另一方面,锌粉氧化后生成氧化锌,不仅能增加玻璃粉的润湿性,而且还能起到助熔效果。混合无机粘结剂中使用纳米氧化钼主要起到提高玻璃粉热稳定、化学稳定性和机械强度。
一种两面受光的高效晶体硅太阳能电池局域接触背场铝浆及其制备方法,包括以下步骤:
称取制备好的重量份数如下:铝粉85-95份,有机载体10-15份,无机粘结剂0.1-6份。采用分散机在500-2000 rpm转速下,分散1h后,在三辊研磨机上研磨分散至细度<8um,浆料粘度控制在80-100 Pa·S,其中所述浆料粘度是用Brookfield DV2T粘度计在25℃测定的。
采用上述制备好的背场铝浆,通过400目丝网印刷在规格156mm×156mm的单晶硅片的背钝化面上形成背面开槽处覆盖铝浆,经烧结后形成铝栅线宽在50-100um,形成铝栅线高在18-25um 范围内,同时铝浆不覆盖整个背部钝化膜区域;进烘箱250℃烘干;烘干以后铝栅线无脱落,然后换另一面印刷正面银浆,烧结过程达到700-800℃峰值温度,以在所述介质钝化层开线处形成局部BSF层。
所述铝浆经规格为156x156目数为400目网版丝网印刷于钝化片背面开槽处,。
所述铝浆有利于印刷、经本发明不仅增加电池对太阳光的吸收,增加红光响应,而且能有效降低载流子在背表面复合,综合效果可使电池的光电转换效率大大提高
有益效果:本发明背钝化铝浆,具有良好的印刷特性,经印刷烧结后铝栅线具有一定的高宽比且能使铝层在局域接触处与硅基体形成良好的欧姆接触。本发明不仅增加电池对太阳光的吸收,增加红光响应,而且能有效降低载流子在背表面复合,综合效果可使电池的光电转换效率大大提高。
所述有机载体包括增稠剂、触变剂、分散剂、余量为溶剂,使得浆料印刷性好且经烧结后铝栅线具有一定的高宽比。另外,在铝浆中加入的一种混合无机粘结剂,能使铝层在局域接触处与硅基体形成良好的欧姆接触。混合无机粘结剂由具有特定软化温度的玻璃粉、超细纳米锌粉和纳米氧化钼。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行阐述,而本发明的保护范围并非仅仅局限于以下的实施事例。
实施例一:
一种具有高填充率的PERC电池局域背场用铝浆,所述的具有高填充率的局域背场铝浆,由下列组份按照重量份数组成:铝粉85份,有机载体12.5份,无机粘结剂2.5份。
所述有机载体中按照重量份数计,丙烯酸树脂占3份;触变剂为有机膨润土占0.5份;添加剂为BYK2009占0.06份;偶联剂KH-570占0.24份;溶剂为松油醇占50份、丙醇甲醚醋酸酯占20份、醇酯十二占20份、石油醚占6.2份。
作为优化:所述混合无机粘结剂,其玻璃粉软化温度在450-500℃范围内;所述混合无机粘结剂中按照重量份数计,铋酸盐玻璃占85份,纳米锌粉占10份,纳米氧化钼占5份。
一种两面受光的高效晶体硅太阳能电池局域接触背场铝浆,包括以下步骤:
称取上述比例铝粉粉、混合无机粘结剂、有机载体进行混合均匀,采用分散机在500-1000 rpm转速下,分散1h后,在三辊研磨机上研磨分散至细度<8 um;浆料粘度控制在85-95 Pa·S,其中所述浆料粘度是用Brookfield DV2T粘度计在25℃测定的。
采用上述制备好的背场铝浆,通过400目丝网印刷在规格156mm×156mm的单晶硅片的背钝化面上形成背面开槽处覆盖铝浆,同时铝浆不覆盖整个背部钝化膜区域;进烘箱250℃烘干;烘干以后铝栅线无脱落,然后换另一面印刷正面银浆,进马弗炉烧结,峰烧结过程达到700-800℃峰值温度,以在所述介质钝化层开线处形成局部BSF层。
具体实施例二:
一种具有高填充率的PERC电池局域背场用铝浆,所述的具有高填充率的局域背场铝浆,由下列组份按照重量份数组成:铝粉88份,有机载体10份,无机粘结剂2份。
所述有机载体按照重量份数计,丙烯酸树脂占3份;触变剂为聚乙烯蜡占0.5份;添加剂为BYK2009占0.06份,偶联剂KH-570占0.24份;溶剂为松油醇占50份、丙醇甲醚醋酸酯占20份、醇酯十二占20份、石油醚占6.2份。
作为优化:所述混合无机粘结剂,其玻璃粉软化温度在450-500℃范围内;所述混合无机粘结剂中按照重量份数计,铋酸盐玻璃占90份,纳米锌粉占7份,纳米氧化钼占3份。
相关制备步骤同实施例1。
具体实施例三:
一种具有高填充率的PERC电池局域背场用铝浆,所述的具有高填充率的局域背场铝浆,由下列组份按照重量份数组成:铝粉88份,有机载体10.5份,无机粘结剂1.5份。
所述有机载体按照重量份数计,酚醛改性纤维素占2.5份;触变剂为聚酰胺改性月桂基磷酸酯占0.5份,添加剂为BYK2009占0.06份,偶联剂KH-570占0.24份;溶剂为松油醇占50份、丙醇甲醚醋酸酯占15份、醇酯十二占25份、石油醚占6.9份。
作为优化:所述混合无机粘结剂,其玻璃粉软化温度在450-500℃范围内;所述混合无机粘结剂中按照重量份数计,铋酸盐玻璃占90份,纳米锌粉占5份,纳米氧化钼占5份。
相关制备步骤同实施例1。
具体实施例四:
一种具有高填充率的PERC电池局域背场用铝浆,所述的具有高填充率的局域背场铝浆,由下列组份按照重量份数组成:铝粉90份,有机载体8.5份,无机粘结剂1.5份。
所述有机载体按照重量份数计,酚醛改性纤维素占2份;触变剂为聚酰胺蜡占0.6份;添加剂为BYK2009占0.06份,偶联剂KH-570占0.24份;溶剂为松油醇占50份、丙醇甲醚醋酸酯占15份、醇酯十二占25份、石油醚占7份。
作为优化:所述混合无机粘结剂,其玻璃粉软化温度在450-500℃范围内;所述混合无机粘结剂中按照重量份数计,铋酸盐玻璃占88份,纳米锌粉占7份,纳米氧化钼占5份。
相关制备步骤同实施例1。
本发明不局限于上述最佳实施方式,任何人在本发明的启示下都可得出其他各种形式的产品,但不论在其形状或结构上作任何变化,凡是具有与本申请相同或相近似的技术方案,均落在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (1)
1.一种两面受光的高效晶体硅太阳能电池局域接触背场铝浆,其特征在于:所述铝浆由下列组份按照重量份数组成:铝粉85-95份,有机载体10-15份,无机粘结剂0.1-6份;
所述铝粉粒径在0.3-0.8um,其振实密度在1-3g/cm3;
所述有机载体包括增稠剂、触变剂、添加剂、余量为溶剂,其中,增稠剂为二甲苯树脂、醋丙纤维素、醋丁纤维素、丙烯酸树脂、硝基纤维素中的一种或多种;触变剂为聚酰胺蜡、聚乙烯蜡、有机膨润土中的一种或两种;添加剂为BYK2009,偶联剂KH-570;溶剂为松油醇、丁基卡必醇、丙醇甲醚醋酸酯、醇酯十二、石油醚中的一种或几种;
所述无机粘结剂由具有特定软化温度的玻璃粉、纳米锌粉和纳米氧化钼经球磨烘干工艺制成;所述玻璃粉为铋酸盐玻璃,其粒径在1-5um,玻璃粉软化温度在450-500℃范围内;所述纳米锌粉,纯度大于99.6%,粒径为20-80nm,纯度大于99.6%;所述纳米氧化钼,纯度大于99.6%,粒径为60-100nm;所述无机粘结剂中按照重量份数铋酸盐玻璃占85-95份,纳米锌粉占1-10份,纳米氧化钼占1-10份;
所述的两面受光的高效晶体硅太阳能电池局域接触背场铝浆的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
称取制备好的重量份数如下:铝粉85-95份,有机载体10-15份,无机粘结剂0.1-6份进行混合均匀,采用分散机在500-2000rpm转速下,分散1h后,在三辊研磨机上研磨分散至细度<8um,浆料粘度控制在80-100Pa·S,其中所述浆料粘度是用Brookfield DV2T粘度计在25℃测定的;
所述铝浆经规格为156x156目数为400目网版丝网印刷于钝化片背面开槽处,经烧结后形成铝栅线宽在50-100um,形成铝栅线高在18-25um范围;
所述铝浆有利于印刷、经本发明不仅增加电池对太阳光的吸收,增加红光响应,而且能有效降低载流子在背表面复合,综合效果可使电池的光电转换效率大大提高。
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