CN106328298A - High and low temperature resistant communication cable - Google Patents
High and low temperature resistant communication cable Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106328298A CN106328298A CN201610748125.1A CN201610748125A CN106328298A CN 106328298 A CN106328298 A CN 106328298A CN 201610748125 A CN201610748125 A CN 201610748125A CN 106328298 A CN106328298 A CN 106328298A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- coupling agent
- cross
- low temperature
- calcium
- aluminate coupling
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B11/00—Communication cables or conductors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/18—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/28—Protection against damage caused by moisture, corrosion, chemical attack or weather
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/29—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame
Abstract
The invention provides a high and low temperature resistant communication cable. An inner sheath and an outer sheath of the high and low temperature resistant communication cable are polyester film layers; the material formula of the polyester film layers comprises polypropylene, polyacrylate, a cross-linking agent, fluorinated silicone rubber, silicon-calcium-magnesium powder and a coupling agent; cross-linking reaction is carried out on the cross-linking agent and the polypropylene to obtain crosslinked polypropylene; cross-linking reaction is carried out on the cross-linking agent and the polyacrylate to obtain crosslinked polyacrylate; coupling reaction is carried out on the coupling agent and the fluorinated silicone rubber to obtain coupled fluorinated silicone rubber; and coupling reaction is carried out on the coupling agent and the silicon-calcium-magnesium powder to obtain the coupled silicon-calcium-magnesium powder. The mobility and the mechanical property of the overall resin can be improved by the polypropylene; the high and low temperature resistant characteristics of the resin can be greatly improved by the crosslinked polypropylene and polyacrylate; the dispersity of the fluorinated silicone rubber in a polymer is improved by the coupled fluorinated silicone rubber; the dispersity of the silicon-calcium-magnesium powder in the polymer is improved by the coupled silicon-calcium-magnesium powder; and the polyester film layers have good mechanical property and high and low temperature resistant characteristics.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of cable technology, be specifically related to a kind of resistant of high or low temperature communication cable.
Background technology
For ensureing the safe handling of cable, it should be ensured that cable uses in the range of its suitable environment, fit when cable is in it
With under the ambient temperature conditions suffered from acute temperature range, the protective layer of cable can adapt along with the deformation of cable core
Deformation, to ensure the quality of cable and to use safety；When cable is in the ambient temperature conditions beyond its adaptation ambient temperature
Under, can accelerate its protective layer aging, deformation even fracture, coking even cause underworld fire cause fire to cause danger.
Some extreme environmental use, in the coldest, very hot environment, electric power signal conveying is proposed harsher
Requirement, especially cable needs to adapt to the most harsh environmental condition, needs possess more preferable high and low temperature resistance.
Summary of the invention
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the invention provides a kind of resistant of high or low temperature communication cable, by improving inside and outside protecting
The material prescription of set, improves the high and low temperature resistance of inner/outer sheath, makes the high and low temperature resistance of whole cable improve, with full
It is sufficient in harsher temperature environment use.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, technical scheme is as follows: a kind of resistant of high or low temperature communication cable, including by outward to
If the oversheath inside set gradually, steel-tape armouring layer, inner sheath, thermal insulation layer, woven shield carried interest strand insulation high heart yearn, institute
Stating and be provided with flame resistant filler band between strand insulation high heart yearn, described strand insulation high heart yearn is coated with by wrapped polyester belt, described stranded absolutely
It is filled with ointment between edge heart yearn and described wrapped polyester belt, is coated with insulating barrier outside described strand insulation high heart yearn, its feature
It is:
Described oversheath and inner sheath are polyester film, and in parts by weight, polyester film material prescription includes:
Described cross-linking agent and polypropylene crosslink reaction and obtain crosslinked polypropylene, and described cross-linking agent and polyacrylate are sent out
Raw cross-linking reaction obtains Acusol772 Acusol771；
Described coupling agent and fluorosioloxane rubber generation coupling reaction obtain coupling fluorosioloxane rubber, described coupling agent and silico-calcium magnesium powder
Coupling reaction is occurred to obtain coupling silico-calcium magnesium powder.
In one preferred embodiment of the present invention, farther include crosslinked polypropylene, Acusol772 Acusol771, coupling fluorine
Silicone rubber, coupling silico-calcium magnesium powder are put in high-speed mixer, mix homogeneously, then the material of mix homogeneously is put into extruder
In, obtain polyester granules, when preparing communication cable, polyester granules is extruded as oversheath and inner sheath raw material.
In one preferred embodiment of the present invention, farther include described cross-linking agent and include outside cross-linking agent and internal crosslinker,
Described outside cross-linking agent temperature be 180 DEG C～220 DEG C, irradiation ionic weight be under conditions of 20～50KeV/nm with polyacrylate
Cross-linking reaction obtains described Acusol772 Acusol771, and described internal crosslinker is 20 at temperature 150 DEG C～180 DEG C, irradiation ionic weight
～obtain described crosslinked polypropylene with polypropylene cross-linking reaction under conditions of 50KeV/nm.
In one preferred embodiment of the present invention, farther including described coupling agent is aluminate coupling agent,
Described fluorosioloxane rubber surface is processed by aluminate coupling agent, and the consumption of aluminate coupling agent is described fluorine silicon rubber
The 0.5% of glue weight, the method that fluorosioloxane rubber surface is processed by aluminate coupling agent is: aluminate coupling agent is diluted in liquid
In paraffin, both mass ratios are 1:1.5, are then immersed in the diluent of aluminate coupling agent by fluorosioloxane rubber, stirring,
Standing final vacuum is dried；
Described silico-calcium magnesium powder surface is processed by aluminate coupling agent, and the consumption of aluminate coupling agent is described silicon-calcium-magnesium
The 1% of weight, the method that silicon-calcium-magnesium surface is processed by aluminate coupling agent is: aluminate coupling agent is diluted in liquid paraffin
In, both mass ratios are 1:1, then add in aluminate coupling agent diluent by silico-calcium magnesium powder, after stirring is sufficiently mixed
Vacuum drying.
In one preferred embodiment of the present invention, farther include the insulating barrier of described strand insulation high heart yearn comprises
State the material of polyester film.
In one preferred embodiment of the present invention, farther include described flame resistant filler band includes described polyester film
Material.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the communication cable inner/outer sheath of the present invention all uses polyester film, and polyester film is joined
Polypropylene, polyacrylate, cross-linking agent, fluorosioloxane rubber, silico-calcium magnesium powder, coupling agent in side, polypropylene can improve overall resin
Mobility and mechanical property；Polypropylene after crosslinking, the polyacrylate after crosslinking can greatly improve the resistance to height of resin
Low-temperature characteristics；Fluorosioloxane rubber has high-fire resistance, tolerance to cold, weatherability, and the fluorosioloxane rubber after coupling agent treatment improves
Fluorosioloxane rubber dispersibility in the polymer；Silico-calcium magnesium powder has high rigidity and intensity, the silico-calcium magnesium powder after coupling agent treatment
Improve silico-calcium magnesium powder dispersibility in the polymer so that polyester film has good mechanical property and high-low temperature resistant is special
Property.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the technical scheme in embodiment of the present invention technology, in embodiment technology being described below
The required accompanying drawing used is briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawing in describing below is only some realities of the present invention
Execute example, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, it is also possible to according to these accompanying drawings
Obtain other accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein: 10-oversheath, 20-steel-tape armouring layer, 30-inner sheath, 40-thermal insulation layer, 50-woven shield, 60-twists
Close insulation core wire, 70-flame resistant filler band.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Describe, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention rather than whole embodiments wholely.Based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is every other that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under not making creative work premise
Embodiment, broadly falls into the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1
As it is shown in figure 1, the present embodiment discloses a kind of resistant of high or low temperature communication cable, including setting gradually from outside to inside
If oversheath 10, steel-tape armouring layer 20, inner sheath 30, thermal insulation layer 40, woven shield 50 carried interest strand insulation high heart yearn 60,
Being provided with flame resistant filler band 70 between described strand insulation high heart yearn 60, described strand insulation high heart yearn 60 is coated with by wrapped polyester belt, institute
Stating and be filled with ointment between strand insulation high heart yearn 60 and described wrapped polyester belt, described strand insulation high heart yearn 60 is outside to be coated with absolutely
Edge layer.
In embodiment 1, above-mentioned oversheath 10, inner sheath 30 are polyester film, the insulation of described strand insulation high heart yearn 60
Include the material of described polyester film in Ceng, described flame resistant filler band 70 includes the material of described polyester film.
The material prescription of polyester film is as shown in table 1:
The material prescription of polyester film in table 1 embodiment 1
| Component | Content (weight portion) |
| Polypropylene | 45 |
| Polyacrylate | 65 |
| Cross-linking agent | 0.5 |
| Fluorosioloxane rubber | 1 |
| Silicon-calcium-magnesium | 1 |
| Coupling agent | 0.01 |
Wherein, described cross-linking agent and polypropylene crosslink reaction and obtain crosslinked polypropylene, described cross-linking agent and polypropylene
Acid esters crosslinks reaction and obtains Acusol772 Acusol771；
Described coupling agent and fluorosioloxane rubber generation coupling reaction obtain coupling fluorosioloxane rubber, described coupling agent and silico-calcium magnesium powder
Coupling reaction is occurred to obtain coupling silico-calcium magnesium powder.
Crosslinked polypropylene, Acusol772 Acusol771, coupling fluorosioloxane rubber, coupling silico-calcium magnesium powder are put into high-speed mixer
In, mix homogeneously, then the material of mix homogeneously is put in extruder, obtain polyester granules, when preparing communication cable, by polyester
Pellet is extruded as oversheath and inner sheath raw material.
Concrete, cross-linking agent includes diplomacy link and internal crosslinker, described outside cross-linking agent temperature be 180 DEG C～220 DEG C,
Irradiation ionic weight is to obtain Acusol772 Acusol771 under conditions of 20～50KeV/nm with polyacrylate cross-linking reaction, described in
Cross-linking agent obtains with polypropylene cross-linking reaction under conditions of temperature 150 DEG C～180 DEG C, irradiation ionic weight are 20～50KeV/nm
Crosslinked polypropylene.
Concrete, described coupling agent is aluminate coupling agent, aluminate coupling agent to described fluorosioloxane rubber surface at
Reason obtains described coupling fluorosioloxane rubber, and the consumption of aluminate coupling agent is the 0.5% of described fluorosioloxane rubber weight, Aluminate coupling
The method that fluorosioloxane rubber surface is processed by agent is: be diluted in liquid paraffin by aluminate coupling agent, and both mass ratios are
1:1.5, is then immersed in fluorosioloxane rubber in the diluent of aluminate coupling agent, stirs, stands final vacuum and be dried；
Described silico-calcium magnesium powder surface is carried out processing acquisition coupling silicon-calcium-magnesium, the use of aluminate coupling agent by aluminate coupling agent
Amount is the 1% of described silicon-calcium-magnesium weight, and the method that silicon-calcium-magnesium surface is processed by aluminate coupling agent is: aluminate coupling agent is dilute
Releasing in liquid paraffin, both mass ratios are 1:1, are then added in aluminate coupling agent diluent by silico-calcium magnesium powder, stir
Mix and be sufficiently mixed final vacuum and be dried.
Embodiment 2
The construction of cable in embodiment 2 is in the same manner as in Example 1, and polyester film material prescription is as shown in table 2 below:
The material prescription of polyester film in table 2 embodiment 2
| Component | Content (weight portion) |
| Polypropylene | 30 |
| Polyacrylate | 80 |
| Cross-linking agent | 1 |
| Fluorosioloxane rubber | 5 |
| Silicon-calcium-magnesium | 5 |
| Coupling agent | 0.05 |
Wherein, described cross-linking agent and polypropylene crosslink reaction and obtain crosslinked polypropylene, described cross-linking agent and polypropylene
Acid esters crosslinks reaction and obtains Acusol772 Acusol771；
Described coupling agent and fluorosioloxane rubber generation coupling reaction obtain coupling fluorosioloxane rubber, described coupling agent and silico-calcium magnesium powder
Coupling reaction is occurred to obtain coupling silico-calcium magnesium powder.
Crosslinked polypropylene, Acusol772 Acusol771, coupling fluorosioloxane rubber, coupling silico-calcium magnesium powder are put into high-speed mixer
In, mix homogeneously, then the material of mix homogeneously is put in extruder, obtain polyester granules, when preparing communication cable, by polyester
Pellet is extruded as oversheath and inner sheath raw material.
Concrete, cross-linking agent includes diplomacy link and internal crosslinker, described outside cross-linking agent temperature be 180 DEG C～220 DEG C,
Irradiation ionic weight is to obtain Acusol772 Acusol771 under conditions of 20～50KeV/nm with polyacrylate cross-linking reaction, described in
Cross-linking agent obtains with polypropylene cross-linking reaction under conditions of temperature 150 DEG C～180 DEG C, irradiation ionic weight are 20～50KeV/nm
Crosslinked polypropylene.
Concrete, described coupling agent is aluminate coupling agent, aluminate coupling agent to described fluorosioloxane rubber surface at
Reason obtains described coupling fluorosioloxane rubber, and the consumption of aluminate coupling agent is the 0.5% of described fluorosioloxane rubber weight, Aluminate coupling
The method that fluorosioloxane rubber surface is processed by agent is: be diluted in liquid paraffin by aluminate coupling agent, and both mass ratios are
1:1.5, is then immersed in fluorosioloxane rubber in the diluent of aluminate coupling agent, stirs, stands final vacuum and be dried；
Described silico-calcium magnesium powder surface is carried out processing acquisition coupling silicon-calcium-magnesium, the use of aluminate coupling agent by aluminate coupling agent
Amount is the 1% of described silicon-calcium-magnesium weight, and the method that silicon-calcium-magnesium surface is processed by aluminate coupling agent is: aluminate coupling agent is dilute
Releasing in liquid paraffin, both mass ratios are 1:1, are then added in aluminate coupling agent diluent by silico-calcium magnesium powder, stir
Mix and be sufficiently mixed final vacuum and be dried.
Embodiment 3
The construction of cable in embodiment 3 is in the same manner as in Example 1, and polyester film material prescription is as shown in table 3 below:
The material prescription of polyester film in table 3 embodiment 3
| Component | Content (weight portion) |
| Polypropylene | 37 |
| Polyacrylate | 50 |
| Cross-linking agent | 0.75 |
| Fluorosioloxane rubber | 3 |
| Silicon-calcium-magnesium | 3 |
| Coupling agent | 0.03 |
Wherein, described cross-linking agent and polypropylene crosslink reaction and obtain crosslinked polypropylene, described cross-linking agent and polypropylene
Acid esters crosslinks reaction and obtains Acusol772 Acusol771；
Described coupling agent and fluorosioloxane rubber generation coupling reaction obtain coupling fluorosioloxane rubber, described coupling agent and silico-calcium magnesium powder
Coupling reaction is occurred to obtain coupling silico-calcium magnesium powder.
Crosslinked polypropylene, Acusol772 Acusol771, coupling fluorosioloxane rubber, coupling silico-calcium magnesium powder are put into high-speed mixer
In, mix homogeneously, then the material of mix homogeneously is put in extruder, obtain polyester granules, when preparing communication cable, by polyester
Pellet is extruded as oversheath and inner sheath raw material.
Concrete, cross-linking agent includes diplomacy link and internal crosslinker, described outside cross-linking agent temperature be 180 DEG C～220 DEG C,
Irradiation ionic weight is to obtain Acusol772 Acusol771 under conditions of 20～50KeV/nm with polyacrylate cross-linking reaction, described in
Cross-linking agent obtains with polypropylene cross-linking reaction under conditions of temperature 150 DEG C～180 DEG C, irradiation ionic weight are 20～50KeV/nm
Crosslinked polypropylene.
Concrete, described coupling agent is aluminate coupling agent, aluminate coupling agent to described fluorosioloxane rubber surface at
Reason obtains described coupling fluorosioloxane rubber, and the consumption of aluminate coupling agent is the 0.5% of described fluorosioloxane rubber weight, Aluminate coupling
The method that fluorosioloxane rubber surface is processed by agent is: be diluted in liquid paraffin by aluminate coupling agent, and both mass ratios are
1:1.5, is then immersed in fluorosioloxane rubber in the diluent of aluminate coupling agent, stirs, stands final vacuum and be dried；
Described silico-calcium magnesium powder surface is carried out processing acquisition coupling silicon-calcium-magnesium, the use of aluminate coupling agent by aluminate coupling agent
Amount is the 1% of described silicon-calcium-magnesium weight, and the method that silicon-calcium-magnesium surface is processed by aluminate coupling agent is: aluminate coupling agent is dilute
Releasing in liquid paraffin, both mass ratios are 1:1, are then added in aluminate coupling agent diluent by silico-calcium magnesium powder, stir
Mix and be sufficiently mixed final vacuum and be dried.
The communication cable inner/outer sheath of the present invention all uses polyester film, polypropylene, polyacrylic acid in polyester film formula
Ester, cross-linking agent, fluorosioloxane rubber, silico-calcium magnesium powder, coupling agent, polypropylene can improve mobility and the mechanical property of overall resin；
Polypropylene after crosslinking, the polyacrylate after crosslinking can greatly improve the high-low temperature resistant characteristic of resin；Fluorosioloxane rubber has
Having high-fire resistance, tolerance to cold, weatherability, the fluorosioloxane rubber after coupling agent treatment improves fluorosioloxane rubber in the polymer
Dispersibility；Silico-calcium magnesium powder has high rigidity and intensity, and the silico-calcium magnesium powder after coupling agent treatment improves silico-calcium magnesium powder in polymerization
Dispersibility in thing so that polyester film has good mechanical property and high-low temperature resistant characteristic.
Described above to the disclosed embodiments, makes professional and technical personnel in the field be capable of or uses the present invention.
Multiple amendment to these embodiments will be apparent from for those skilled in the art, as defined herein
General Principle can realize without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention in other embodiments.Therefore, the present invention
It is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, and is to fit to and principles disclosed herein and features of novelty phase one
The widest scope caused.
Claims (6)
1. a resistant of high or low temperature communication cable, including the oversheath set gradually from outside to inside, steel-tape armouring layer, inner sheath,
If thermal insulation layer, woven shield carried interest strand insulation high heart yearn, between described strand insulation high heart yearn, it is provided with flame resistant filler band, described
Strand insulation high heart yearn is coated with by wrapped polyester belt, is filled with ointment between described strand insulation high heart yearn and described wrapped polyester belt,
It is coated with insulating barrier outside described strand insulation high heart yearn, it is characterised in that:
Described oversheath and inner sheath are polyester film, and in parts by weight, polyester film material prescription includes:
Described cross-linking agent and polypropylene crosslink reaction and obtain crosslinked polypropylene, and described cross-linking agent and polyacrylate are handed over
Connection reaction obtains Acusol772 Acusol771；
Described coupling agent and fluorosioloxane rubber generation coupling reaction obtain coupling fluorosioloxane rubber, described coupling agent and silico-calcium magnesium powder and occur
Coupling reaction obtains coupling silico-calcium magnesium powder.
Resistant of high or low temperature communication cable the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: by crosslinked polypropylene, crosslinked polypropylene
Olefin(e) acid ester, coupling fluorosioloxane rubber, coupling silico-calcium magnesium powder are put in high-speed mixer, mix homogeneously, then by the thing of mix homogeneously
Material puts in extruder, obtains polyester granules, when preparing communication cable, is squeezed as oversheath and inner sheath raw material by polyester granules
Go out.
Resistant of high or low temperature communication cable the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described cross-linking agent includes outside cross-linking agent
And internal crosslinker, described outside cross-linking agent temperature be 180 DEG C～220 DEG C, under conditions of irradiation ionic weight is 20～50KeV/nm
Obtaining described Acusol772 Acusol771 with polyacrylate cross-linking reaction, described internal crosslinker is at temperature 150 DEG C～180 DEG C, spoke
It is to obtain described crosslinked polypropylene with polypropylene cross-linking reaction under conditions of 20～50KeV/nm according to ionic weight.
Resistant of high or low temperature communication cable the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described coupling agent is Aluminate coupling
Agent,
Described fluorosioloxane rubber surface is processed by aluminate coupling agent, and the consumption of aluminate coupling agent is described fluorosioloxane rubber weight
The 0.5% of amount, the method that fluorosioloxane rubber surface is processed by aluminate coupling agent is: aluminate coupling agent is diluted in liquid paraffin
In, both mass ratios are 1:1.5, are then immersed in the diluent of aluminate coupling agent by fluorosioloxane rubber, stir, stand
Final vacuum is dried；
Described silico-calcium magnesium powder surface is processed by aluminate coupling agent, and the consumption of aluminate coupling agent is described silicon-calcium-magnesium weight
1%, the method that silicon-calcium-magnesium surface is processed by aluminate coupling agent is: be diluted in liquid paraffin by aluminate coupling agent, two
The mass ratio of person is 1:1, then adds in aluminate coupling agent diluent by silico-calcium magnesium powder, and stirring is sufficiently mixed final vacuum and does
Dry.
5. according to the resistant of high or low temperature communication cable described in any one of claim 1-4, it is characterised in that: described strand insulation high core
The insulating barrier of line includes the material of described polyester film.
6. according to the resistant of high or low temperature communication cable described in any one of claim 1-4, it is characterised in that: described flame resistant filler band
In include the material of described polyester film.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610748125.1A CN106328298B (en) | 2016-08-29 | 2016-08-29 | Resistant of high or low temperature communication cable |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610748125.1A CN106328298B (en) | 2016-08-29 | 2016-08-29 | Resistant of high or low temperature communication cable |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106328298A true CN106328298A (en) | 2017-01-11 |
| CN106328298B CN106328298B (en) | 2017-12-05 |
Family
ID=57788185
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610748125.1A Active CN106328298B (en) | 2016-08-29 | 2016-08-29 | Resistant of high or low temperature communication cable |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106328298B (en) | 2017-12-05 |
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