CN106328237B - A kind of carbonization of radioactive waste ion exchange resin microwave, cineration technics and dedicated unit - Google Patents
A kind of carbonization of radioactive waste ion exchange resin microwave, cineration technics and dedicated unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN106328237B CN106328237B CN201510369081.7A CN201510369081A CN106328237B CN 106328237 B CN106328237 B CN 106328237B CN 201510369081 A CN201510369081 A CN 201510369081A CN 106328237 B CN106328237 B CN 106328237B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of carbonizations of radioactive waste ion exchange resin microwave, cineration technics, comprising: (I) by radioactive waste ion exchange resin draining；(II) radioactive waste ion exchange resin after draining is delivered in ashing container；(III) radioactive waste ion exchange resin is mixed with microwave absorption；(IV) it is filled with reducing atmosphere and carbonization treatment is carried out to the radioactive waste ion exchange resin being contained in ashing container using microwave；(V) it is filled with oxidizing atmosphere and carries out ashing processing using carbonized product of the microwave to the radioactive waste ion exchange resin being contained in ashing container；(VI) after the completion of every batch of processing, stop microwave, carry out sealing processing up for safekeeping.The present invention also provides a kind of microwave carbonizations for being able to achieve the above method, cineration device.The present invention uses microwave body heating technique, it is ensured that carbonization, podzolic process quickly and stably carry out, and guarantee that resin is heated evenly, and can realize the inorganization of debirs to the maximum extent.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Radwastes treatment technical fields, and in particular to a kind of radioactive waste ion exchange resin microwave
Carbonization, cineration technics and dedicated unit.
Background technique
With the development of the social economy, the demand for electric power resource is increasing, nuclear power is as a kind of efficient, clean
The energy has been increasingly concerned by people.But while bringing huge economic interests, nuclear power station operational process
The processing problem of the waste ion-exchang resin of middle generation is also got worse.It is with certain specific radioactivity, if processing
It is improper easily to bring serious harm to the public and environment when by the natural calamities such as earthquake, tsunami or the attack of terrorism, even
It may cause social unrest.Therefore, it is necessary to carry out effective processing to radioactive waste ion exchange resin.
So far, the radioactive waste ion exchange resin that nuclear power station generates mostly uses at temporary or cement solidification method
Reason, but temporary method is makeshift, is not inconsistent the requirement of waste safety；The increase-volume ratio of cement solidification method was both accounted for up to 4.8~5.2
Increase final disposal expense again with temporary library storage position, and does not meet waste minimization principle.
At present in the world to radioactive waste ion exchange resin processing use such as burning, bitumen solidification, wet oxidation,
High whole container of drying and directly dress etc..The above way all haves the defects that certain, such as vent gas treatment of burning and bitumen solidification
And technology controlling and process, the secondary liquid waste processing of wet oxidation and reaction vessel material, after the dry high whole container processing with directly dress
Radioactive waste ion exchange resin be still organic matter, there are still resin radiolysis gas problems.
Radioactive waste microwave treatment technology is with its simple process, the advantages that volume reduction ratio is big, in external radioactive waste
Process field is applied.Microwave carbonization, cineration technics have high heat utilization efficiency, treatment effeciency height, volume reduction loss of weight than big, product
Radioactivity debirs may be implemented the characteristics of heating using the body heating of microwave heating and selectivity in the advantages that devoid of risk
Its risk is down to close to the rank that is free from risk by inorganization processing.
In the treatment process of radioactive waste ion exchange resin, volume reduction treatment and reduction disposal costs are must to consider
, but issuable environmental problem and social concern must also be paid attention in treatment process.Therefore, it is necessary to develop one kind
Radioactive waste ion exchange resin, application value with higher can be effectively handled, and can effectively avoid being likely to occur
Environmental problem and social concern method.
Summary of the invention
For defect present in existing radioactive waste ion exchange resin processing technique, it is an object of the invention to mention
For a kind of safety, quickly, can volume reduction and to the substantially free of contamination radioactive waste ion exchange resin microwave of environment to the maximum extent
Carbonization, cineration technics.
It is a further object to provide one kind to be able to achieve above-mentioned radioactive waste ion exchange resin microwave carbonization, ash
The device of chemical industry skill.
To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that: a kind of radioactive waste ion exchange resin microwave carbon
Change, cineration technics, comprising the following steps:
(I) by radioactive waste ion exchange resin draining；
(II) radioactive waste ion exchange resin after draining is delivered in ashing container；
(III) radioactive waste ion exchange resin is mixed with microwave absorption；
(IV) it is filled with reducing atmosphere and using microwave to the radioactive waste ion exchange resin being contained in ashing container
Carry out carbonization treatment；
(V) it is filled with oxidizing atmosphere and using microwave to the radioactive waste ion exchange resin being contained in ashing container
Carbonized product carry out ashing processing；
(VI) after the completion of every batch of processing, stop microwave, carry out sealing processing up for safekeeping.
Further, technique as described above, step (I) is middle to use air pressure draining, the Spent Radioactive ion exchange after draining
The volume of resin is the 1/2 of draining front volume.
Further, technique as described above, step (II) is middle to utilize diaphragm pump by the Spent Radioactive ion exchange after draining
Resin transfer is to being ashed container.
Further, technique as described above, in step (III), using mechanical stirring by microwave absorption and putting after draining
Penetrating property waste ion-exchang resin is uniformly mixed.
Further, technique as described above, in step (III), the microwave absorption used can be for active carbon or treated
Radioactive waste ion exchange resin carbonized product.
Further, technique as described above, in step (IV), by the way of microwave orientation heating, in reducing atmosphere
Auxiliary under, carried out at microwave carbonization to radioactive waste ion exchange resin after microwave absorption draining after evenly mixing
Reason.
Further, technique as described above, in step (V), by the way of microwave orientation heating, in oxidisability gas
Under the auxiliary of atmosphere, Microwave ashing processing is carried out to the microwave carbonized product of radioactive waste ion exchange resin.
One kind provided by the invention can be realized a kind of above-mentioned radioactive waste ion exchange resin microwave carbonization, cineration technics
Microwave carbonization, cineration device, described device includes the insulating layer inside apparatus main body and apparatus main body, is connected on apparatus main body
There are microwave heating module, inventiona gas treatment module, control climate module, ashing container, there is micro-wave screening machine at apparatus main body door
Structure.
Further, device as described above, micro-wave screening mechanism realize that utilization is micro- by the choking structure for being located at body door
The impedance variations of the transmission line of wave wavelength 1/4 realize the shielding for microwave leakage.
Further, device as described above, inventiona gas treatment module include the exhaust pipe being located at the top of device, exhaust pipe
The resisting blower of internal filter and rear end.
Further, device as described above, the top of apparatus main body are equipped with into ashing container radioactivity after conveying draining
The feed pipe of waste ion-exchang resin controls inlet amount by the diaphragm pump being connected with device；Feed pipe is equipped with special
The microwave absorption of design is fed branch, opens microwave absorption feed branch simultaneously in radioactive waste ion exchange resin charging
Road after mixing radioactive waste ion exchange resin in the duct with microwave absorption, is fitted into ashing container.
Further, device as described above, device further include the temperature monitoring module being located on apparatus main body, long-range control
Molding block and security module.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
First, a kind of radioactive waste ion exchange resin microwave carbonization provided by the invention, cineration technics, mainly using micro-
The advantages that penetration capacity of Wave heating is strong, selectivity heats and short processing time, to realize radioactive waste ion exchange resin
The inorganization processing of debirs, its risk is down to close to being free from risk rank, while also great loss of weight and volume reduction.
Second, the present invention provides the radioactive waste ion exchange resin microwave carbons that one kind can be fabricated to wheeled apparatus
Change, ashing treatment process, treatment process is simple, and the ash content of ashing treated radioactive waste ion exchange resin can be direct
Or store or dispose after being granulated solidification, a possibility that reducing intermediate link, effectively reduce escape of radioactivity.
Third, the place provided by the invention for being able to achieve above-mentioned radioactive waste ion exchange resin microwave carbonization, cineration technics
Device to be managed, the inorganization processing to waste ion-exchang resin may be implemented, the capital equipment of the device is integrated in apparatus main body,
Convenient for managing and using；Also, main technique is completed in apparatus main body, avoids radionuclide to personnel, equipment and ring
The pollution in border, a possibility that effectively preventing secondary pollution and damaged to personnel；In addition, the device utilizes the selection of microwave
Property heating and the small feature of thermal inertia, may be implemented to automatically control.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of a kind of radioactive waste ion exchange resin microwave carbonization provided by the present invention, cineration technics；
Fig. 2 be it is a kind of be able to achieve the method for the present invention microwave carbonization, cineration device structure schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of radioactive waste ion exchange resin microwave carbonization provided by the present invention, cineration technics, packet
Include following steps:
(I) by radioactive waste ion exchange resin draining.
When specific operation, will be temporarily stored into the radioactive waste ion exchange resin of user site by way of Hydraulic transportation from
Resin bed is delivered to resin reservoir or temporary storage tank, then by Spent Radioactive amberlite by the way of pumping or gravity conveying
Rouge delivers into water logging device from storage tank or temporary storage tank, then realizes Spent Radioactive ion using compressed air or centrifugation
The draining of exchanger resin.
(II) radioactive waste ion exchange resin after draining is delivered in ashing container.
Radioactive waste ion exchange resin after draining is delivered in ashing container by the way of pumping.
(III) radioactive waste ion exchange resin is mixed with microwave absorption.
Microwave absorption is realized in conveyance conduit with the radioactive waste ion exchange resin after draining and is mixed, and can be matched and be stirred
It mixes device and mixing is stirred to ashing container.
(IV) it is filled with reducing atmosphere and using microwave to the radioactive waste ion exchange resin being contained in ashing container
Carry out carbonization treatment.
(V) it is filled with oxidizing atmosphere and using microwave to the radioactive waste ion exchange resin being contained in ashing container
Carbonized product carry out ashing processing.
(VI) after the completion of every batch of processing, stop microwave, carry out sealing processing up for safekeeping.
After the completion of the carbonization of every batch of radioactive waste ion exchange resin microwave, ashing processing, stops microwave, carry out sealing place up for safekeeping
Reason.
Microwave carbonization, ashing treated waste ion-exchang resin volume and weight be about original 1/10.After sealing up for safekeeping
Waste ion-exchang resin Microwave ashing product directly can store or be granulated solidification after store or disposition, reduce intermediate link,
A possibility that effectively reducing escape of radioactivity.
Nuclear grade ion-exchange resins carbonization, ashing are handled, and calculate its weight-loss ratio using method provided by the invention etc.
Parameter.Test result shows the power density using 10w/g, and (microwave effective output is than nuclear leve ion exchange to be processed
Resin quality), the nuclear grade ion-exchange resins 13min or so that processing moisture content is 50% or so, the weight-loss ratio for being ashed product can
Up to 90% or more, improving power density can be such that weight-loss ratio further increases, and reach as high as 98% or so, the volume for being ashed product is
1/10 or so of original nuclear grade ion-exchange resins volume.
As shown in Fig. 2, provided by the invention can be realized above-mentioned radioactive waste ion exchange resin microwave carbonization, grey chemical industry
The device of skill is connected with microwave heating module 3, gas treatment including apparatus main body 1 and the insulating layer of body interior 2 in main body 1
Module 4, control climate module 5 are ashed container 6, design micro-wave screening mechanism at main body 1.Separately it is connected with apparatus for feeding etc..It is micro-
Wave generating element is formed by combining by magnetron, waveguide, high voltage power supply and silicon stack.Microwave operation conditions measuring instrument passes through electricity
Flow condition monitoring microwave operational situation.
Microwave shielding structure is realized by the choking structure for being located at main body 1, utilizes the resistance of the transmission line of microwave wavelength 1/4
Resistance realizes the shielding for microwave leakage.
Inventiona gas treatment module 4 includes being located at exhaust pipe at the top of device, the filter of exhaust pipe interior and rear end
Resisting blower.
Control climate module 5 includes the tracheae and control inside being located at the admission line at the top of device, connecting with admission line
Valve processed.Part of the admission line inside apparatus main body 1 is using height and size adjustable design, to adapt to different amount of resin
With different types of waste process demand.
Charging control and the mixing of microwave absorption are equipped with from the top of apparatus main body 1 conveys draining into ashing container 6
The feed pipe of radioactive waste ion exchange resin afterwards controls inlet amount by the diaphragm pump being connected with device；On feed pipe
It is fed branch equipped with the microwave absorption specially designed, opens microwave absorption simultaneously in radioactive waste ion exchange resin charging
Agent is fed branch, after mixing radioactive waste ion exchange resin in the duct with microwave absorption, is fitted into ashing container 6.
In addition, microwave carbonization, cineration device further include the temperature monitoring module being located on apparatus main body 1, long-range control
Module and security module.
The top of temperature monitoring module arrangement apparatus main body 1 mainly monitors temperature of charge and apparatus main body inner wall and dress
Body outer wall operating temperature is set, to guarantee work quality and work safety.
Remote control module includes PLC control unit, various appliance controling elements, is connected with special-purpose high temperature, high-voltage line.Control
System processed is controlled using PLC program, operating parameter can be modified and be recorded according to the difference of specific operating condition.
Security module includes chain control element and alarm, and major function is to guarantee be similar to the case where hatch door is opened
Lower microwave can not start or microwave starting situation under interrupt microwave immediately if hatch door is opened, and issue and continue buzzing alarm.
A kind of radioactive waste ion exchange resin microwave carbonization provided by the present invention, cineration device workflow such as
Under:
Microwave carbonization, cineration device hatch door are first turned on, is placed in apparatus main body 1 for container 6 is ashed using specific purpose tool
Internal determination position, and control climate module 5 is adjusted to adapt to the ashing container 6 of different size；Close cineration device hatch door；
It is then turned on feeding device, the radioactive waste ion exchange resin after draining is quantitatively adding in ashing container 6, is added every time
Radioactive waste ion exchange resin is sufficiently mixed with microwave absorption during the addition process；Then, control climate module is opened
5, to apparatus main body 1 inside be filled with reducing atmosphere, the amount of reducing atmosphere should be greater than the dischargeable capacity inside apparatus main body 1；
Then it is continually fed into reducing atmosphere, and opens microwave heating module 3, carbonation stage starts；Inventiona gas treatment module 4 is opened, it will
The dischargers such as reaction end gas to guarantee the stabilization of the carbonisation of radioactive waste ion exchange resin, and monitor microwave at any time
Operation conditions；After temperature of charge reaches inflection point, after carbonation stage, continued by control climate module 5 to inside device 1
It is passed through oxidizing atmosphere, and keeps the lasting unlatching of microwave heating module 3 and inventiona gas treatment module 4, into the ashing stage, and with
When monitor microwave operation conditions；After inside device 1 temperature rise reaches certain and tail gas yield is smaller, successively closes microwave and add
Thermal modules 3 and atmosphere control module 5 close inventiona gas treatment module 4 after being ashed 6 outside wall temperature of container and reaching certain value, open
Hatch door takes out ashing container 6 and covers, and keeps in after directly can keeping in or being granulated solidification for the ashing container 6 after capping.
Resin described above use single be added feed way, that is, control every batch of resin inlet amount, by with
The matching of microwave power is to reach more preferable microwave carbonization, ashing effect；Microwave absorption can promote absorption of the resin to microwave, push away
It recommends using resin carbonation product as microwave absorption, " treatment of wastes with processes of wastes against one another " not only may be implemented, it is also effective to practice waste minimum
Theory；The purpose of the two is for reaching preferably carbonization, ashing effect, no inner link, can be with but be used in combination
Reach preferably carbonization, ashing effect.
It should be noted that before microwave carbonization, cineration device use, it is necessary to each capital equipment is checked,
Ensure the safety of device.Simplest inspection method is to use the carbonization of on-radiation ion exchange resin simulated microwave, ashing
The overall process of operation can smoothly complete carbonization, ash operation is qualification.
Above-described embodiment is only to of the invention for example, the present invention can also be with other ad hoc fashions or others
Particular form is implemented, without departing from the gist of the invention or substantive characteristics.Therefore, the embodiment of description is in any way
It is regarded as illustrative and non-limiting.The scope of the present invention should illustrate by appended claims, any and claim
Intention and the equivalent variation of range should also be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of realize the carbonization of radioactive waste ion exchange resin microwave, the microwave carbonization of cineration technics, cineration device, feature
It is, described device includes the insulating layer (2) inside apparatus main body (1) and apparatus main body, and apparatus main body is connected with microwave on (1)
Heating module (3), control climate module (5), is ashed container (6) at inventiona gas treatment module (4), has at apparatus main body (1) door micro-
Wave shielding body, micro-wave screening mechanism is realized by the choking structure for being located at apparatus main body (1) door, utilizes microwave wavelength 1/4
The impedance variations of transmission line realize the shielding for microwave leakage,
The described radioactive waste ion exchange resin microwave carbonization, cineration technics the following steps are included:
(I) by radioactive waste ion exchange resin draining；
(II) radioactive waste ion exchange resin after draining is delivered in ashing container；
(III) radioactive waste ion exchange resin is mixed with microwave absorption；
(IV) it is filled with reducing atmosphere and the radioactive waste ion exchange resin being contained in ashing container is carried out using microwave
Carbonization treatment；
(V) oxidizing atmosphere and the carbon using microwave to the radioactive waste ion exchange resin being contained in ashing container are filled with
Change product and carries out ashing processing；
(VI) after the completion of every batch of processing, stop microwave, carry out sealing processing up for safekeeping.
2. microwave carbonization according to claim 1, cineration device, which is characterized in that inventiona gas treatment module (4) includes being located at
Exhaust pipe at the top of device, the filter of exhaust pipe interior and the resisting blower of rear end.
3. microwave carbonization according to claim 1, cineration device, which is characterized in that control climate module (5) includes being located at
The tracheae and control valve of admission line, the inside connecting with admission line at the top of device, the admission line is in device master
The height and size adjustable of the internal part of body (1).
4. microwave according to claim 1 carbonization, cineration device, which is characterized in that the top of apparatus main body (1) be equipped with to
It is ashed the feed pipe of radioactive waste ion exchange resin after conveying draining in container (6), passes through the diaphragm pump being connected with device
Control inlet amount；Feed pipe is equipped with microwave absorption and is fed branch, simultaneously in radioactive waste ion exchange resin charging
It opens microwave absorption and is fed branch, after mixing radioactive waste ion exchange resin in feed pipe with microwave absorption,
It is fitted into ashing container (6).
5. microwave carbonization according to claim 1, cineration device, which is characterized in that device further includes being located on main body (1)
Temperature monitoring module, remote control module and security module.
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| CN201510369081.7A CN106328237B (en) | 2015-06-29 | 2015-06-29 | A kind of carbonization of radioactive waste ion exchange resin microwave, cineration technics and dedicated unit |
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| CN201510369081.7A CN106328237B (en) | 2015-06-29 | 2015-06-29 | A kind of carbonization of radioactive waste ion exchange resin microwave, cineration technics and dedicated unit |
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| CN106328237B true CN106328237B (en) | 2019-04-23 |
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