CN106328237A - Radioactive spent ion exchange resin microwave carbonization and ashing process and special device - Google Patents
Radioactive spent ion exchange resin microwave carbonization and ashing process and special device Download PDFInfo
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- CN106328237A CN106328237A CN201510369081.7A CN201510369081A CN106328237A CN 106328237 A CN106328237 A CN 106328237A CN 201510369081 A CN201510369081 A CN 201510369081A CN 106328237 A CN106328237 A CN 106328237A
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- microwave
- ion exchange
- exchange resin
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Abstract
The invention relates to a radioactive spent ion exchange resin microwave carbonization and ashing process. The radioactive spent ion exchange resin microwave carbonization and ashing process comprises the following steps: (I) leaching radioactive spent ion exchange resin; (II) transporting the leached radioactive spent ion exchange resin into an ashing container; (III) mixing the radioactive spent ion exchange resin with a microwave absorbent; (IV) introducing reducing atmosphere and subjecting the radioactive spent ion exchange resin placed in the ashing container to carbonization treatment by utilizing microwave; (V) introducing oxidizing atmosphere and subjecting carbonization products of the radioactive spent ion exchange resin placed in the ashing container to ashing treatment by utilizing the microwave; and (VI) after treatment of each batch is completed, stopping microwave, and carrying out sealing treatment. The invention also provides a microwave carbonization and ashing device capable of realizing the above-mentioned method. The radioactive spent ion exchange resin microwave carbonization and ashing process provided by the invention adopts a microwave body heating technology, can guarantee the processes of carbonization and ashing to be rapidly and stably performed, guarantees the resin to be uniformly heated, and can maximally realize inorganization of organic wastes.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Radwastes treatment technical field, be specifically related to a kind of Spent Radioactive ion and hand over
Change resin microwave carbonization, cineration technics and special purpose device.
Background technology
Along with socioeconomic development, the demand for electric power resource is increasing, and nuclear power is as one
Efficiently, the energy of cleaning is the most increasingly paid attention to by people.But bringing huge economy
While interests, the process problem of the waste ion-exchang resin produced in nuclear power station running is the most day by day
Seriously.It has certain specific radioactivity, is suffering earthquake, tsunami etc. certainly if dealt with improperly
So disaster, or bring serious harm easily to during the attack of terrorism public and environment, in some instances it may even be possible to cause
Social unrest.Therefore, it is necessary to radioactive waste ion exchange resin to be carried out effective process.
Up to now, the radioactive waste ion exchange resin that nuclear power station produces, use is kept in or cement more
Curing processes, but temporary method is makeshift, is not inconsistent the requirement of refuse safety；Cement solidification
The increase-volume ratio of method reaches 4.8～5.2, not only takies temporary library storage position but also increase final disposal expense, and be not inconsistent
Close waste minimization principle.
The most in the world radioactive waste ion exchange resin is processed at present use such as burning, bitumen solidification,
Wet oxidation, it is dried and direct dress high entirety container etc..All there is certain defect in above way, as
Burning the vent gas treatment with bitumen solidification and technology controlling and process, the secondary liquid waste of wet oxidation processes and reaction
Container material quality, being dried and directly fill the radioactive waste ion exchange resin after high overall container processes is still
Organic substance, still suffers from resin radiolysis gas problem.
Radwaste microwave treatment technology is simple with its technique, the advantages such as volume reduction ratio is big, the most abroad
Radwastes treatment field is applied.Microwave carbonization, cineration technics have heat utilization efficiency height, place
Reason efficiency is high, volume reduction loss of weight than advantages such as big, product devoids of risk, utilize microwave heating body heating and
The feature of selectivity heating, it is possible to achieve the inorganization process of radioactivity debirs, it is dangerous
It is down to close to being free from risk rank.
In the processing procedure of radioactive waste ion exchange resin, volume reduction treatment and reduction disposal costs are
Must consider, but in processing procedure, issuable environmental problem and social problem also must give
Pay attention to.Accordingly, it would be desirable to exploitation one can effectively process radioactive waste ion exchange resin, have
Higher using value, the method that can effectively avoid again environmental problem and the social problem being likely to occur.
Summary of the invention
For defect present in existing radioactive waste ion exchange resin treatment technology, the one of the present invention
Individual purpose be to provide a kind of safety, quickly, can volume reduction and the most free of contamination to environment to greatest extent
Radioactive waste ion exchange resin microwave carbonization, cineration technics.
It is a further object to provide one, to realize above-mentioned radioactive waste ion exchange resin micro-
Ripple carbonization, the device of cineration technics.
For reaching object above, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of Spent Radioactive ion exchange
Resin microwave carbonization, cineration technics, comprise the following steps:
(I) by radioactive waste ion exchange resin dewatering；
(II) it is delivered to the radioactive waste ion exchange resin after dewatering be ashed in container；
(III) radioactive waste ion exchange resin is mixed with microwave absorption；
(IV) be filled with reducing atmosphere and utilize microwave to be contained in ashing container in Spent Radioactive from
Sub-exchange resin carries out carbonization treatment；
(V) be filled with oxidizing atmosphere and utilize microwave to be contained in ashing container in Spent Radioactive from
The carbonized product of sub-exchange resin carries out ashing process；
(VI), after every batch processed completes, stop microwave, carry out sealing process up for safekeeping.
Further, technique as above, step (I) uses air pressure dewatering, putting after dewatering
The volume of penetrating property waste ion-exchang resin is the 1/2 of dewatering front volume.
Further, technique as above, step (II) utilize membrane pump by the radiation after dewatering
Property waste ion-exchang resin be delivered to be ashed container.
Further, technique as above, in step (III), utilize mechanical agitation by microwave absorption
Agent is mixed homogeneously with the radioactive waste ion exchange resin after dewatering.
Further, technique as above, in step (III), the microwave absorption of employing can be to live
Property charcoal or process after radioactive waste ion exchange resin carbonized product.
Further, technique as above, in step (IV), use the mode of microwave orientation heating,
Under the auxiliary of reducing atmosphere, to Spent Radioactive after mixed dewatering uniform with microwave absorption from
Sub-exchange resin carries out microwave carbonization treatment.
Further, technique as above, in step (V), use the side of microwave orientation heating
Formula, under the auxiliary of oxidizing atmosphere, enters the microwave carbonized product of radioactive waste ion exchange resin
Row Microwave ashing processes.
The one that the present invention provides is capable of above-mentioned a kind of radioactive waste ion exchange resin microwave carbon
Change, the microwave carbonization of cineration technics, cineration device, described device includes apparatus main body and apparatus main body
Internal heat-insulation layer, apparatus main body connects and has microwave heating module, inventiona gas treatment module, atmosphere control
Molding block, ashing container, have micro-wave screening mechanism at apparatus main body door.
Further, device as above, micro-wave screening mechanism is by the choking structure being located at body door
Realize, utilize the impedance variation of the transmission line of microwave wavelength 1/4 to realize the shielding for microwave leakage.
Further, device as above, inventiona gas treatment module includes the exhaustor being located at device top
Road, the filter within discharge duct and the resisting blower of rear end.
Further, device as above, the top of apparatus main body is provided with conveying drip in ashing container
The feed pipe of radioactive waste ion exchange resin after water, by the membrane pump being connected with device control into
Doses；Feed pipe is provided with custom-designed microwave absorption feed branch road, at Spent Radioactive ion
Open microwave absorption feed branch road during exchanger resin charging simultaneously, make radioactive waste ion exchange resin
After mixing in the duct with microwave absorption, load in ashing container.
Further, device as above, device also includes the temperature monitoring being located on apparatus main body
Module, remote control module and security module.
The beneficial effects of the present invention is:
First, a kind of radioactive waste ion exchange resin microwave carbonization of present invention offer, cineration technics,
The penetration capacity mainly utilizing microwave heating is strong, selectivity heating and the advantage such as the process time is short, thus
Realize the inorganization process of debirs of radioactive waste ion exchange resin, its danger is down to close
Be free from risk rank, loss of weight and volume reduction the most greatly.
Second, the invention provides a kind of Spent Radioactive amberlite being fabricated to wheeled apparatus
Fat microwave carbonization, ashing process technique, and it is simple that it processes technique, ashing process after Spent Radioactive from
The ash of sub-exchange resin directly or can be stored or dispose after pelletize solidification, decreases intermediate link,
Effectively reduce the probability of escape of radioactivity.
3rd, what the present invention provided can realize above-mentioned radioactive waste ion exchange resin microwave carbonization, ash
The processing means of metallization processes, it is possible to achieve the inorganization process to waste ion-exchang resin, this device
Capital equipment is integrated in apparatus main body, it is simple to manages and uses；Further, main technique is all device master
Internal complete, it is to avoid the radionuclide pollution to personnel, equipment and environment, effectively prevent two
Secondary pollution and the probability that personnel are damaged；Additionally, the selectivity that this device utilizes microwave heats
The feature little with thermal inertia, it is possible to achieve automatically control.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of radioactive waste ion exchange resin microwave carbonization provided by the present invention, ash chemical industry
The flow chart of skill；
Fig. 2 is a kind of structure schematic diagram that can realize the microwave carbonization of the inventive method, cineration device.
Detailed description of the invention
The invention will be further described with detailed description of the invention below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As it is shown in figure 1, a kind of radioactive waste ion exchange resin microwave carbonization provided by the present invention,
Cineration technics, comprises the steps:
(I) by radioactive waste ion exchange resin dewatering.
During concrete operations, by defeated by waterpower for the radioactive waste ion exchange resin being temporarily stored into user site
The mode sent is delivered to resin reservoir or temporary storage tank from resin bed, then uses pumping or gravity to carry
Radioactive waste ion exchange resin is delivered into water logging device from storage tank or temporary storage tank by mode, then
Compressed air or centrifugation is used to realize the dewatering of radioactive waste ion exchange resin.
(II) it is delivered to the radioactive waste ion exchange resin after dewatering be ashed in container.
Radioactive waste ion exchange resin after dewatering, uses the mode of pumping to be delivered to be ashed in container.
(III) radioactive waste ion exchange resin is mixed with microwave absorption.
Radioactive waste ion exchange resin after microwave absorption and dewatering realizes mixed in conveyance conduit
Close, agitator can be matched ashing container is stirred mixing.
(IV) be filled with reducing atmosphere and utilize microwave to be contained in ashing container in Spent Radioactive from
Sub-exchange resin carries out carbonization treatment.
(V) be filled with oxidizing atmosphere and utilize microwave to be contained in ashing container in Spent Radioactive from
The carbonized product of sub-exchange resin carries out ashing process.
(VI), after every batch processed completes, stop microwave, carry out sealing process up for safekeeping.
After every batch radioactive waste ion exchange resin microwave carbonization, ashing have processed, stop microwave,
Carry out sealing process up for safekeeping.
The volume and weight of the waste ion-exchang resin after microwave carbonization, ashing process is about original
1/10.Waste ion-exchang resin Microwave ashing product after sealing up for safekeeping can directly be stored or store after pelletize solidification
Deposit or dispose, decrease intermediate link, effectively reduce the probability of escape of radioactivity.
Nuclear grade ion-exchange resins carbonization, ashing are processed, and calculate by the method using the present invention to provide
The parameters such as its weight-loss ratio.Result of the test shows, (microwave effectively exports the power density of employing 10w/g
Power is than pending nuclear grade ion-exchange resins quality), process the core level that moisture content is about 50%
Ion exchange resin about 13min, the weight-loss ratio of ashing product, up to more than 90%, improves power close
Degree can make weight-loss ratio improve further, reaches as high as about 98%, and the volume of ashing product is parent
About the 1/10 of level ion exchange resin volume.
As in figure 2 it is shown, the present invention provide be capable of above-mentioned radioactive waste ion exchange resin microwave
Carbonization, the device of cineration technics, including the heat-insulation layer 2 of apparatus main body 1 and body interior, main body 1
Upper connection has microwave heating module 3, inventiona gas treatment module 4, control climate module 5 to be ashed container 6,
Micro-wave screening mechanism is designed at main body 1.There is apparatus for feeding etc. another connection.Microwave generating element is by magnetic
Keyholed back plate, waveguide, high voltage power supply and silicon stack are formed by combining.Microwave operation conditions measuring instrument passes through
Current situation monitoring microwave operational situation.
Microwave shielding structure is realized by the choking structure being located at main body 1, utilizes microwave wavelength 1/4
The impedance variation of transmission line realize the shielding for microwave leakage.
Inventiona gas treatment module 4 includes the discharge duct being located at device top, the filtration within discharge duct
Device and the resisting blower of rear end.
It is internal that control climate module 5 includes that the admission line being located at device top is connected with admission line
Trachea and control valve.Admission line uses in the part within apparatus main body 1 highly can with size
Adjust design, to adapt to different amount of resin and different types of refuse process demand.
The mixing of feed control and microwave absorption is provided with to ashing container 6 by the top of apparatus main body 1
The feed pipe of radioactive waste ion exchange resin after interior conveying dewatering, by the barrier film being connected with device
Pump controls inlet amount；Feed pipe is provided with custom-designed microwave absorption feed branch road, in radiation
Property waste ion-exchang resin charging time open microwave absorption feed branch road simultaneously, make Spent Radioactive ion
After exchanger resin mixes in the duct with microwave absorption, load in ashing container 6.
Additionally, this microwave carbonization, cineration device also include the temperature monitoring mould being located on apparatus main body 1
Block, remote control module and security module.
The top of temperature monitoring module arrangement apparatus main body 1, mainly monitors temperature of charge, and device
Main body inner wall and device body outer wall operating temperature, to ensure work quality and work safety.
Remote control module includes PLC control unit, various appliance controling element, with special-purpose high temperature,
High-voltage line connects.Control system uses PLC program to control, can be according to the difference of concrete operating mode to operation
Parameter is modified and record.
Security module includes chain control element and alarm, and major function is to ensure that and is being similar to hatch door
In the case of unlatching, microwave cannot start, if or under microwave starting situation hatch door open, be immediately terminated micro-
Ripple, and send lasting buzzing warning.
A kind of radioactive waste ion exchange resin microwave carbonization provided by the present invention, the work of cineration device
Make flow process as follows:
First turn on microwave carbonization, cineration device hatch door, use specific purpose tool to be placed by ashing container 6
Put in the internal location really of apparatus main body 1, and regulate control climate module 5 to adapt to different size
Ashing container 6；Close cineration device hatch door；It is then turned on feed arrangement, by the radioactivity after dewatering
Waste ion-exchang resin is quantitatively adding in ashing container 6, the Spent Radioactive amberlite every time added
Fat is all sufficiently mixed with microwave absorption in adition process；Then, open control climate module 5,
Being filled with reducing atmosphere to apparatus main body 1 inside, the amount of reducing atmosphere should be greater than in apparatus main body 1
The dischargeable capacity in portion；Then it is continually fed into reducing atmosphere, and opens microwave heating module 3, carbonization
Stage starts；Open inventiona gas treatment module 4, by dischargers such as reaction end gas, to ensure radioactivity
Stablizing of the carbonisation of waste ion-exchang resin, and monitoring microwave operation conditions at any time；Treat material temperature
After degree reaches flex point, after carbonation stage terminates, continued to device internal 1 by control climate module 5
It is passed through oxidizing atmosphere, and keeps the lasting unlatching of microwave heating module 3 and inventiona gas treatment module 4,
Enter ashing stage, and monitoring microwave operation conditions at any time；Treat that the temperature rise of device internal 1 reaches certain
And after tail gas generation amount is less, closes microwave heating module 3 and atmosphere control module 5 successively, treat ash
After change container 6 outside wall temperature reaches certain value, close inventiona gas treatment module 4, opened door, take out
Ashing container 6 also covers, and can directly be kept in by the ashing container 6 after capping or temporary after pelletize solidification.
Resin mentioned above uses the feed way that single adds, and i.e. controls the charging of every batch resin
Amount, by with microwave power mate reach more preferable microwave carbonization, ashing effect；Microwave absorption
The resin absorption to microwave can be promoted, it is recommended that employing resin carbonation product is as microwave absorption, not only
" treatment of wastes with processes of wastes against one another " can be realized, the most effective theory practicing refuse minimum；The purpose of the two is all
In order to reach more preferable carbonization, ashing effect, without internal relation, but it is used in combination and can reach more
Carbonization well, ashing effect.
It should be noted that before this microwave carbonization, cineration device use, it is necessary to mainly set each
For checking, it is ensured that the safety of device.Simplest inspection method is, use on-radiation from
Sub-exchange resin simulated microwave carbonization, the overall process of ash operation, can smoothly complete carbonization, ashing behaviour
It is qualified to be.
Above-described embodiment is the illustration to the present invention, and the present invention can also be with other certain party
Formula or other particular form are implemented, without departing from idea of the invention or substitutive characteristics.Therefore, retouch
The embodiment stated in terms of any from the point of view of be regarded as illustrative rather than determinate.The model of the present invention
Enclosing and should be illustrated by appended claims, the change of any and intention of claim and scope equivalence is also
Should be within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (13)
1. a radioactive waste ion exchange resin microwave carbonization, cineration technics, it is characterised in that bag
Include following steps:
(I) by radioactive waste ion exchange resin dewatering；
(II) it is delivered to the radioactive waste ion exchange resin after dewatering be ashed in container；
(III) radioactive waste ion exchange resin is mixed with microwave absorption；
(IV) it is filled with reducing atmosphere and utilizes the microwave Spent Radioactive ion to being contained in ashing container
Exchanger resin carries out carbonization treatment；
(V) it is filled with oxidizing atmosphere and utilizes the microwave Spent Radioactive ion to being contained in ashing container
The carbonized product of exchanger resin carries out ashing process；
(VI), after every batch processed completes, stop microwave, carry out sealing process up for safekeeping.
A kind of radioactive waste ion exchange resin microwave carbonization the most according to claim 1, ash chemical industry
Skill, it is characterised in that use air pressure dewatering in step (I), the Spent Radioactive ion exchange after dewatering
The volume of resin is the 1/2 of dewatering front volume.
A kind of radioactive waste ion exchange resin microwave carbonization the most according to claim 1, ash chemical industry
Skill, it is characterised in that utilize membrane pump by the Spent Radioactive amberlite after dewatering in step (II)
Fat is delivered to be ashed container.
A kind of radioactive waste ion exchange resin microwave carbonization the most according to claim 1, ash chemical industry
Skill, it is characterised in that in step (III), utilizes mechanical agitation by putting after microwave absorption and dewatering
Penetrating property waste ion-exchang resin mix homogeneously.
A kind of radioactive waste ion exchange resin microwave carbonization the most according to claim 4, ash chemical industry
Skill, it is characterised in that in step (III), the microwave absorption of employing be activated carbon or process after put
Penetrating property waste ion-exchang resin carbonized product.
6. according to a kind of radioactive waste ion exchange resin microwave carbon described in any one of claim 1-4
Change, cineration technics, it is characterised in that in step (IV), use the mode of microwave orientation heating,
Under the auxiliary of reducing atmosphere, Spent Radioactive ion after mixed dewatering uniform with microwave absorption is handed over
Change resin and carry out microwave carbonization treatment.
7. according to a kind of radioactive waste ion exchange resin microwave carbon described in any one of claim 1-4
Change, cineration technics, it is characterised in that in step (V), use the mode of microwave orientation heating,
Under the auxiliary of oxidizing atmosphere, the microwave carbonized product of radioactive waste ion exchange resin is carried out microwave ash
Change processes.
8. for realizing a kind of radioactive waste ion exchange resin microwave described in any one of claim 1-7
Carbonization, the microwave carbonization of cineration technics, cineration device, it is characterised in that described device includes device master
Heat-insulation layer (2) within body (1) and apparatus main body, the upper connection of apparatus main body (1) has microwave heating mould
Block (3), inventiona gas treatment module (4), control climate module (5), ashing container (6), device
At main body (1) door, there is micro-wave screening mechanism.
Microwave carbonization the most according to claim 8, cineration device, it is characterised in that micro-wave screening
Mechanism is realized by the choking structure being located at apparatus main body (1) door, utilizes the transmission line of microwave wavelength 1/4
Impedance variation realize the shielding for microwave leakage.
Microwave carbonization the most according to claim 8, cineration device, it is characterised in that at gas
Reason module (4) includes the discharge duct that is located at device top, filter within discharge duct and rear end
Resisting blower.
11. microwave carbonizations according to claim 8, cineration device, it is characterised in that atmosphere control
Molding block (5) include the inside that the admission line being located at device top is connected with admission line trachea and
Control valve, the height of described admission line part inside apparatus main body (1) and size adjustable.
12. microwave carbonizations according to claim 8, cineration device, it is characterised in that device master
The top of body (1) is provided with in ashing container (6) radioactive waste ion exchange resin after conveying dewatering
Feed pipe, controls inlet amount by the membrane pump being connected with device；Feed pipe is provided with microwave absorption
Agent feed branch road, opens microwave absorption feed branch road when radioactive waste ion exchange resin feeds simultaneously,
After making radioactive waste ion exchange resin mix in feed pipe with microwave absorption, load ashing container
(6) in.
13. microwave carbonizations according to claim 8, cineration device, it is characterised in that device is also
Including the temperature monitoring module, remote control module and the security module that are located in main body (1).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510369081.7A CN106328237B (en) | 2015-06-29 | 2015-06-29 | A kind of carbonization of radioactive waste ion exchange resin microwave, cineration technics and dedicated unit |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510369081.7A CN106328237B (en) | 2015-06-29 | 2015-06-29 | A kind of carbonization of radioactive waste ion exchange resin microwave, cineration technics and dedicated unit |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN106328237A true CN106328237A (en) | 2017-01-11 |
| CN106328237B CN106328237B (en) | 2019-04-23 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114452940A (en) * | 2022-01-14 | 2022-05-10 | 广西大学 | Preparation method of waste resin-based secondary octyl phenoxy acetic acid composite adsorbent |
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| CN114452940A (en) * | 2022-01-14 | 2022-05-10 | 广西大学 | Preparation method of waste resin-based secondary octyl phenoxy acetic acid composite adsorbent |
| CN114452940B (en) * | 2022-01-14 | 2023-12-01 | 广西大学 | Preparation method of waste resin-based sec-octyl phenoxyacetic acid composite adsorbent |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106328237B (en) | 2019-04-23 |
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