CN106323980A - Small annular workpiece inner wall panoramic imaging apparatus and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a panoramic imaging device for the inner wall of a small ring-shaped workpiece, which includes a support frame, and the support frame includes a support rod, a first bracket disposed on the support rod, and a support rod disposed on the support rod. A second bracket and a third bracket arranged on the support rod, the second bracket is located below the first bracket, the third bracket is located below the second bracket, and is installed on the A camera fixing block on the first bracket, a camera fixed on the camera fixing block, a shadowless lamp installed on the second bracket, fixed on a base below the support frame, the base is provided with a mounting The hole is used to install a conical mirror, and the support frame and the base are fixed on a workbench. The invention uses a conical mirror to be placed inside the workpiece to form a complete image, and can form a complete panoramic image of the inner wall of the workpiece at one time.

Description

A device and method for panoramic imaging of the inner wall of a small annular workpiece

technical field

The invention relates to an inner wall panoramic imaging device and method of an annular workpiece, in particular to an inner wall panoramic imaging device and method of a small annular workpiece.

Background technique

With the development of modern workpieces in the direction of miniaturization, small ring-shaped workpieces have also been widely used in daily production and life and mechanical manufacturing. However, in the production process of small ring-shaped workpieces, there are inevitably various defects on the inner wall, which affect the life and performance of the workpiece, and even affect the stability of the subsequent molding system. Therefore, the detection of the inner wall of such small ring-shaped workpieces is becoming more and more important. However, the inner diameter of some small ring-shaped workpieces is less than 40mm, and the inner wall is not easy to form a panoramic image, which brings difficulties to detection.

In the existing technology, there are many methods for detecting whether there is a defect in the inner wall of a small annular workpiece. Such as using a multi-eye camera for imaging, using a rotating monocular camera or multiple imaging of the workpiece to be measured, etc. Using multi-camera imaging, the more the number of cameras, the higher the cost. Moreover, due to the partial imaging of a single camera, the subsequent image stitching technology is required to stitch the partial images, resulting in a decrease in accuracy and efficiency; using a rotating monocular camera or waiting The imaging of the workpiece requires a rotating servo mechanism, which has a complex structure and cannot be used for one-time panoramic imaging. The image distortion rate is high and the imaging efficiency is low.

The patent with the publication number CN103673880A discloses a visual inspection system for the inner wall of a tiny hole based on a compound mirror, and the image of the inner wall is directly obtained through the compound mirror. Although it is a monocular camera imaging, this method needs to rotate the workpiece under test and cannot perform panoramic imaging at one time.

Another patent with publication number CN2187298Y proposes a visual detection system using a spherical mirror. Since the camera and its detection system are inside the workpiece to be measured, it can only detect the inner wall of a ring-shaped workpiece with a larger inner diameter. For detection, it cannot be detected for pipes with an inner diameter of less than 40mm.

Therefore, it is necessary to invent a method and device for panoramic imaging of the inner wall of a small annular workpiece, so as to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art.

Contents of the invention

In view of the problems faced by the background technology, the object of the present invention is to provide a method and device for panoramic imaging of the inner wall of a small annular workpiece.

To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A panoramic imaging device for the inner wall of a small ring-shaped workpiece, characterized in that it includes: a support frame, the support frame includes a support rod, a first bracket disposed on the support rod, a first bracket disposed on the support rod A second bracket on the top and a third bracket arranged on the support rod, the second bracket is located below the first bracket, and the third bracket is located below the second bracket; a camera a fixed block, set on the first support; a camera, fixed on the camera fixed block; a shadowless lamp, set on the second support; a base, fixedly set under the support frame; a cone The mirror is arranged on the base.

In the above technical feature, the third support is a clamping arm for clamping a workpiece to be measured.

In the above technical features, the workpiece to be measured is a small ring-shaped workpiece.

In the above technical feature, the first bracket, the second bracket and the third bracket are all movably arranged in the axial direction of the support rod.

In the above technical feature, the shadowless lamp is movably arranged in the axial direction of the second bracket.

In the above technical feature, the camera fixing block is movably arranged in the axial direction of the first bracket.

In the above technical feature, the camera is an industrial camera, and the camera is connected to a computer, and the computer is used to process and store the panoramic image of the inner wall of the small annular workpiece.

In the above technical feature, the base is provided with a mount for fixing the bottom of the conical mirror.

A method for performing imaging with an inner wall panoramic imaging device of the above-mentioned small annular workpiece, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

Step 1. Calculate the taper of the conical mirror according to the following calculation formula according to the size of the workpiece to be measured;

The horizontal width of the imaging ring of the inner wall of the workpiece to be measured on the conical mirror is r, the inner hole radius of the workpiece to be measured is R, the height of the workpiece to be measured is H, and the taper of the conical mirror is α, cosα=r/(2*H*sinα), that is, r=H*sin2α, when r<R, H*sin2α≤R, the taper α value of the conical mirror varies according to the values of R and H, There are two situations:

When H≤R, H*sin2α≤R is always established, α is an acute angle, and when α=45°, r=H is the maximum value;

When H>R, α=π/2-1/2*arcsin(R/H), α is an obtuse angle; or α=1/2*arcsin(R/H), α is an acute angle; r=R is the maximum value;

and install the conical mirror made according to the calculation result in the base;

Step 2: fixing the support frame on the base;

Step 3: Install the workpiece to be measured on the third support, make the workpiece to be measured coaxial with the conical mirror, and adjust the third support to make the conical mirror go deep into the workpiece to be measured inside, and maintain a gap between the workpiece to be measured and the surface of the conical mirror;

Step 4: Install the shadowless lamp on the second bracket, adjust the shadowless lamp directly above the workpiece to be tested, keep the shadowless lamp coaxial with the workpiece to be measured, and turn on the shadowless lamp;

Step 5: Install the camera on the camera fixing block, install the camera fixing block on the first bracket, and adjust the camera to be directly above the workpiece to be measured and the conical mirror , keeping the camera coaxial with the workpiece to be measured, and turning on the camera;

Step 6: Adjust the focal length of the camera, and adjust the intensity of the light of the shadowless lamp, so that the panoramic image of the inner wall of the workpiece to be tested is clear, and the photos are taken and stored.

In the above technical features, in step 1, when H≤R, 45°≤α≤50°.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: a complete image is formed inside the workpiece to be measured by using a conical mirror, and a complete panoramic image of the inner wall of the workpiece to be measured can be formed at one time, and the panoramic image of the inner wall of the workpiece can be photographed at one time by a monocular camera The image, the image is clear and complete, which is convenient for the situation analysis of the inner wall of the workpiece to be tested; the system of the present invention has simple structure, low imaging cost, good economic benefits, and high scalability. By installing a motor at the adjustment position, it can further Automate imaging.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structure schematic diagram of the inner wall panoramic imaging device of small annular workpiece of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that the taper of conical lens of the present invention selects;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of calculating the selection of conic mirror taper in the present invention.

Description of the accompanying drawings for specific embodiments:

1-support frame 10-support rod 11-first support 12-second support

13-Third Bracket 2-Camera Fixing Block 3-Camera 4-Shadowless Lamp

5-workpiece to be measured 6-conical mirror 7-base 70-installation seat.

detailed description

In order to facilitate a better understanding of the purpose, structure, features, and effects of the present invention, the present invention will now be described in further detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in Figure 1, the present invention relates to a panoramic imaging device for the inner wall of a small annular workpiece, comprising: a support frame 1, the support frame 1 includes a support rod 10, a first A support 11, a second support 12 installed on the support bar 10 and a third support 13 installed on the support bar 10, the second support 12 is located below the first support 11, The third bracket 13 is located below the second bracket 12, and is installed on a camera fixing block 2 on the first bracket 11, and the camera 3 fixed on the camera fixing block 2 is installed on the first bracket 11. A shadowless lamp 4 on the two supports 12 is fixed on a base 7 below the support frame 1, and the base 7 is provided with a mount 70 for installing a conical mirror 6, and the support frame 1 and the base 7 are both Fixed on a workbench (not shown).

As shown in Figure 1, the first bracket 11, the second bracket 12 and the third bracket 13 can all move up and down along the support rod 10; A support 11 moves horizontally; the shadowless lamp 4 can move horizontally along the second support 12; the third support 13 is a clamping arm for clamping a workpiece 5 to be measured.

As shown in Figure 1, the camera 3 is an industrial camera, which is fixed on the camera fixing block 2 by screws, and the camera 3 is connected to a computer (not shown), and the computer processes the photos taken by the camera 3 and storage. The shadowless lamp 4 is ring-shaped, and the light color is white, and the light intensity can be adjusted according to actual needs. The workpiece 5 to be measured is a small ring-shaped workpiece. During detection, the conical mirror 6 enters the workpiece 5 to be measured, and there is a gap between the workpiece 5 and the surface of the conical mirror 6 .

The working principle of the present invention is as follows:

As shown in Figure 2, the horizontal width of the imaging ring of the inner wall of the workpiece 5 to be measured on the conical mirror 6 is r, the radius of the inner hole of the workpiece 5 to be measured is R, and the workpiece to be measured is R. The height of the workpiece 5 is H, and the taper of the conical mirror 6 is α. Since the camera 3 is shooting vertically, the reflected light CB of the inner wall of the workpiece 5 to be measured is parallel to the central axis OG of the conical mirror 6, so ∠BCG=α, according to the reflection principle of light, ∠ACD=α, and because AE is parallel to OG, so ∠AED=α, that is, triangle AEC is an isosceles triangle, AC=AE=H, triangle ABF is similar to triangle CDF, so ∠BAF=α, AF=2*H*sinα, AB=r, cosα=AB/AF, push out cosα=r/(2*Hsinα), i.e. r=H*sin2α, because r<R, then H*sin2α≤R, according to the different values of R and H, the taper of conical mirror 6 The α value will also change accordingly, which can be divided into the following two situations:

1. When H≤R, H*sin2α≤R is always established, α is an acute angle, and α=45°, that is, when r=H, r takes the maximum value. That is to say, the imaging is clearer and more complete at this time.

2. When H>R, α=π/2-1/2*arcsin(R/H) can be obtained. According to the formula of α, α is an obtuse angle; or α=1/2*arcsin(R /H), from the formula of α, it can be seen that α is an acute angle at this time; so r=R at this time is the maximum value.

The method for imaging using the inner wall panoramic imaging device of the small annular workpiece comprises the following steps:

Step 1: As shown in Figure 3, the workpiece 5 inner hole radius R=10mm, height H=10mm, calculate the taper α of the conical mirror 6 according to the working principle of the present invention, and determine it by the corresponding calculation formula The taper of conical mirror 6 is 45 ° (due to the depth problem exists in the inner hole of described workpiece 5 to be measured, for better imaging effect, so get the taper of described conical mirror 6 and should be 45 °≤α≤50 °), then Install the designed conical mirror 6 on the base 7 .

Step 2: Connect the base 7 and the support frame 1 with bolts.

Step 3: Install the workpiece 5 to be measured on the third support 13, make the workpiece 5 to be measured coaxial with the conical mirror 6, move the second support 12 up and down to make the conical mirror 6 goes deep into the inside of the workpiece 5 to be measured, and keeps a gap between the workpiece 5 and the surface of the conical mirror 6 .

Step 4: Install the shadowless lamp 4 on the second bracket 12, move the shadowless lamp 4 horizontally, and move the second bracket 12 up and down at the same time, and adjust the shadowless lamp 4 to the positive position of the workpiece 5 to be measured. Above, keep the shadowless lamp 4 coaxial with the workpiece 5 to be measured, and turn on the shadowless lamp 4 .

Step 5: Connect the camera 3 and the camera fixing block 2 with screws, then install the camera fixing block 2 on the first bracket 11, move the camera fixing block 2 horizontally, and move the camera fixing block 2 up and down at the same time The first bracket 11 is used to adjust the camera 3 directly above the workpiece 5 to be measured and the conical mirror 6, and to keep the camera 3 coaxial with the workpiece 5 to be measured so that the camera 3 The camera is placed in the middle of the light of the shadowless lamp 4, and the camera 3 is turned on.

Step 6: Adjust the concentricity and vertical distance of the conical mirror 6 , the workpiece 5 , the shadowless lamp 4 , and the camera 3 according to the corresponding adjustment methods in steps 3, 4, and 5.

Step 7: According to the image displayed on the computer connected to the camera 3, adjust the focal length of the camera 3, and adjust the light intensity of the shadowless lamp 4 to make the imaging more clear and complete.

Step 8: Take a panoramic image of the inner wall of the workpiece 5 to be tested, form a complete and clear panoramic image of the inner wall at one time, and finally use a computer to process, analyze and store the captured panoramic image of the inner wall.

The above detailed description is only a description of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the scope of the patent of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent technical changes made by using the description and illustrations of the present invention are included in the patent of the present invention. within range.

Claims (10)

1. the inwall panoramic imaging device of a small, annular workpiece, it is characterised in that including:

One bracing frame (1), support frame as described above (1) includes a support bar (10), arranges On described support bar one first support (11) of (10), be arranged at described support bar (10) On one second support (12) and be arranged at one the 3rd support of (10) on described support bar (13), described second support (12) is positioned at the lower section of described first support (11), institute State the 3rd support (13) and be positioned at the lower section of described second support (12)；

One camera fixed block (2), is arranged on described first support (11)；

One camera (3), is fixed on described camera fixed block (2)；

One shadowless lamp (4), is arranged on described second support (12)；

One base (7), is fixedly installed on support frame as described above (1) lower section；

One conscope (6), is arranged on described base (7).

The inwall panoramic imaging device of small, annular workpiece the most according to claim 1, It is characterized in that: described 3rd support (13) is a clamping limb, for clamping one work to be measured Part (5).

The inwall panoramic imaging device of small, annular workpiece the most according to claim 2, It is characterized in that: described workpiece for measurement (5) is a small, annular workpiece.

The inwall panoramic imaging device of small, annular workpiece the most according to claim 1, It is characterized in that: described first support (11), described second support (12) and described Three supports (13) are all movably arranged on the axis direction of described support bar (10).

The inwall panoramic imaging device of small, annular workpiece the most according to claim 1, It is characterized in that: described shadowless lamp (4) is movably arranged on the axle of described second support (12) Heart direction.

The inwall panoramic imaging device of small, annular workpiece the most according to claim 1, It is characterized in that: described camera fixed block (2) is movably arranged on described first support (11) Axis direction.

The inwall panoramic imaging device of small, annular workpiece the most according to claim 1, It is characterized in that: described camera (3) is industrial camera, described camera (3) calculates with one Machine is connected, and described computer is used for processing and store described small, annular workpiece inner wall panorama Image.

The inwall panoramic imaging device of small, annular workpiece the most according to claim 1, It is characterized in that: described base (7) is provided with a mounting seat (70) and is used for fixing described circular cone The bottom of mirror (6).

9. the inwall panoramic imaging device of the small, annular workpiece described in a claim 1 enters The method of row imaging, it is characterised in that comprise the steps of

Step one, according to workpiece for measurement (5) size, be calculated as follows formula calculate described circle The tapering of axicon lens (6)；

The inwall of described workpiece for measurement (5) imaging annulus on described conscope (6) Horizontal width is r, and the internal bore radius of described workpiece for measurement (5) is R, described workpiece for measurement (5) Height be H, the tapering of conscope (6) is α, cos α=r/ (2*H*sin α), i.e. R=H*sin2 α, as r≤R (i.e. H*sin2 α≤R), the tapering α of conscope (6) Value changes according to the difference of R, H value, point following two situation:

As H≤R, H*sin2 α≤R perseverance is set up, and α is acute angle, when taking α=45 °, r=H For maximum；

As H > R time, α=pi/2-1/2*arcsin (R/H), α are obtuse angle；Or α =1/2*arcsin (R/H), α are acute angle；R=R is maximum；

And the conscope (6) made by this result of calculation is installed in described base (7)；

Step 2: support frame as described above (1) is fixed on described base (7)；

Step 3: workpiece for measurement (5) is installed on described 3rd support (13), makes institute State workpiece for measurement (5) and described conscope (6) coaxial line, adjust described 3rd support (13) Make described conscope (6) be deep into the inside of described workpiece for measurement (5), and keep institute State workpiece for measurement (5) and have gap with described conscope (6) surface；

Step 4: be installed on by described shadowless lamp (4) on described second support (12), will Described shadowless lamp (4) is adjusted to the surface of described workpiece for measurement (5), keeps described nothing Shadow lamp (4) and described workpiece for measurement (5) coaxial line, open described shadowless lamp (4)；

Step 5: be installed on by described camera (3) on described camera fixed block (2), will Described camera fixed block (2) is installed on described first support (11), by described camera (3) It is adjusted to the surface of described workpiece for measurement (5) and described conscope (6), keeps described Camera (3) and described workpiece for measurement (5) coaxial line, open described camera (3)；

Step 6: regulate the focal length of described camera (3), and adjust described shadowless lamp (4) The intensity of light, the inwall panoramic imagery making described workpiece for measurement (5) is clear, shoots and stores up Document on file sheet.

The inwall panoramic imaging device of small, annular workpiece the most according to claim 9 The method carrying out imaging, it is characterised in that: wherein in step one, as H≤R, take 45 ° ≤α≤50°。