CN106321204B - For the method for exhaust aftertreatment and the equipment of the tail gas for cleaning internal combustion engine - Google Patents

For the method for exhaust aftertreatment and the equipment of the tail gas for cleaning internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106321204B
CN106321204B CN201610387315.5A CN201610387315A CN106321204B CN 106321204 B CN106321204 B CN 106321204B CN 201610387315 A CN201610387315 A CN 201610387315A CN 106321204 B CN106321204 B CN 106321204B
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Prior art keywords
particulate filter
internal combustion
combustion engine
exhaust gas
air
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CN106321204A (en
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L.施吕特
S.波克纳
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Volkswagen AG
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Volkswagen AG
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N9/002—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus of filter regeneration, e.g. detection of clogging
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • F01N13/0093—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are of the same type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/0231—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using special exhaust apparatus upstream of the filter for producing nitrogen dioxide, e.g. for continuous filter regeneration systems [CRT]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
    • F01N3/035—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors, e.g. catalysed diesel particulate filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/05—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of air, e.g. by mixing exhaust with air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/101—Three-way catalysts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/30—Arrangements for supply of additional air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
    • F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F02D41/024—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to increase temperature of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F02D41/025—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to increase temperature of the exhaust gas treating apparatus by changing the composition of the exhaust gas, e.g. for exothermic reaction on exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
    • F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F02D41/027—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F02D41/029—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus the exhaust gas treating apparatus being a particulate filter
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2250/00—Combinations of different methods of purification
    • F01N2250/02—Combinations of different methods of purification filtering and catalytic conversion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2430/00—Influencing exhaust purification, e.g. starting of catalytic reaction, filter regeneration, or the like, by controlling engine operating characteristics
    • F01N2430/06—Influencing exhaust purification, e.g. starting of catalytic reaction, filter regeneration, or the like, by controlling engine operating characteristics by varying fuel-air ratio, e.g. by enriching fuel-air mixture
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
    • F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
    • F02D2200/08—Exhaust gas treatment apparatus parameters
    • F02D2200/0812—Particle filter loading
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/0002—Controlling intake air
    • F02D41/0007—Controlling intake air for control of turbo-charged or super-charged engines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/40—Engine management systems

Abstract

The method and apparatus that the present invention discloses a kind of exhaust aftertreatment for internal combustion engine (10), the internal combustion engine includes exhaust gas channel (12), the first ternary catalyzing unit (14) being arranged in the exhaust gas channel (12), the particulate filter (18 being followed by along the flow direction of tail gas, 18 ') and along the flow direction of tail gas it is arranged in particulate filter (18, 18 ') device (20) being used for exhaust gas channel (12) auxiliary air air inlet before, wherein, along the flow direction of tail gas in the device (20) and particulate filter (18 for auxiliary air air inlet, 18 ') arrangement the second ternary catalyzing unit (16) or particulate filter (18 ') have three-element catalytic coating in exhaust gas channel (12) between, the described method comprises the following steps: internal combustion engine (10) is to change The combustion air of metering is learned than operation；The load condition of particulate filter (18) of the detection arrangement in the exhaust gas channel (12) of internal combustion engine (10)；As needed, by being adjusted to dense by the flammable mixture for being used for internal combustion engine (10) and being improved exhaust temperature to the regeneration temperature of particulate filter (18) by being passed through auxiliary air in exhaust gas channel (12), so that the heating period in particulate filter (18,18 ') aoxidizes dense combustion tail gas by auxiliary air heat release in the second ternary catalyzing unit (16) or in the particulate filter (18 ') handled through catalyst coatings；It is run during the regeneration stage of particulate filter (18,18 ') using dense or stoichiometry mixture with internal combustion engine (10).

Description

For the method for exhaust aftertreatment and the equipment of the tail gas for cleaning internal combustion engine
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of equipment of exhaust aftertreatment for internal combustion engine and one kind to be used for exhaust aftertreatment equipment Regeneration method.
Background technique
More stringent requirements are proposed to vehicular manufacturer for the tail gas regulation of continuous severization, described to require by using accordingly In reduction engine raw emissions measure and solved by corresponding exhaust aftertreatment.With next legislation stage The introducing of EU6 standard defines the limiting value of granule number for gasoline engine.It can be come by using gasoline engine particulate filter true It protects and abides by the limiting value.In traveling operational process, load of this gasoline engine particulate filter by flue dust.In order not to make tail Gas is had to last for ground or is periodically regenerated by the obvious rising of pressure, the gasoline engine particulate filter.In order to make by gasoline engine The flue dust and the oxygen development of heat of grain filter recycling aoxidize, it is necessary to keep sufficiently high temperature horizontal and existing in gasoline simultaneously Oxygen in the exhaust system of machine combines.Because modern diesel engine is usually to change in the case where no excess oxygen Learn metering (or being equivalent) combustion air ratio (λ=1；λ is also known as " excess air coefficient ") operation, addition thereto is needed to this. To this measure for example consider the thin adjustment (Magerverstellung) in short-term of diesel engine or to exhaust system it is defeated Enter auxiliary air.So far it is preferable to use the thin adjustment of gasoline engine because this method do not need using additional component and Sufficient amount of oxygen can be conveyed on most of operating points of petrol engine.However the drawbacks of thin adjustment, is, Nitric oxide cannot fully be converted by three-way catalyst during the thin adjustment of engine.
A kind of equipment for exhaust aftertreatment as known to 103 61 791 A1 of document DE, the equipment have nitrogen oxidation Close object accumulator-type catalytic converter and particulate filter, wherein mix internal combustion engine to regenerate oxynitrides accumulator-type catalytic converter It than dense runs, and is blown into auxiliary air to exhaust gas channel between oxynitrides storage catalyst and particulate filter. In this way, while the regeneration of particulate filter is realized.
A kind of exhaust aftertreatment equipment and exhaust aftertreatment method as known to 10 2,010 046 747 A1 of document DE, In, for the regeneration of particulate filter, the air that flows into particulate filter than optionally it is dense with it is thin between swing.
The drawbacks of known device and method have is that it is net not implement complete tail gas periodically at least in regeneration Change, and so that the tail gas of discharge increases during passing through particulate filter.
Summary of the invention
Currently technical problem to be solved is the present invention, provides a kind of method and apparatus, using the method and sets The standby sufficiently high temperature level being not only able to achieve for particulate filter regeneration, but also can be in the regeneration of particulate filter In the process it is kept as discharge of poisonous waste as low as possible.
The technical problem is solved by a kind of method of exhaust aftertreatment for internal combustion engine, especially petrol engine, And it is solved by a kind of device for implementing said method.
A kind of method of exhaust aftertreatment for internal combustion engine, especially petrol engine is provided according to the present invention, it is described Internal combustion engine includes exhaust gas channel, the first ternary catalyzing unit being arranged in the exhaust gas channel, is followed by along the flow direction of tail gas Particulate filter and before being arranged in particulate filter along the flow direction of tail gas for exhaust gas channel auxiliary air into The device of gas, wherein along the flow direction of tail gas in tail gas between the device and particulate filter for auxiliary air air inlet It arranges that the second ternary catalyzing unit or particulate filter have three-element catalytic coating in channel, the described method comprises the following steps:
Internal combustion engine with the combustion air ratio of stoichiometry (or be chemical equivalent) (；Also known as mixing air ratio) operation；
The load condition of particulate filter of the detection arrangement in the exhaust gas channel of internal combustion engine；
When the load condition needs to regenerate particulate filter, by least will temporarily be used for internal combustion engine Flammable mixture be adjusted to dense (fett) and by being at least passed through auxiliary air into exhaust gas channel for tail gas in short-term Temperature is improved to the regeneration temperature of particulate filter, thus particulate filter heating period in the second ternary catalyzing unit or Person makes dense combustion tail gas by exothermic oxidation in the particulate filter handled through catalyst coatings, and
Internal combustion engine is run during the regeneration stage of particulate filter using dense or stoichiometry mixture.
By the way that according to the method for the present invention, particulate filter can be heated to regeneration temperature, and then regenerate, without Heating period in particulate filter or the regeneration stage in particulate filter make the purification of at least one three-element catalytic component With being adversely affected.
For the internal combustion engine for being designed to petrol engine, particulate filter can be designed as gasoline engine particulate filter simultaneously And referred to as gasoline engine particulate filter.
By the measure implemented in the dependent claims, method given in the independent claim may be implemented Extension and improvement.
It should be understood that the state of concept " heating period " and " regeneration stage " meaning not necessarily have in time according to Secondary successive generation, but can also exist simultaneously.
Also, it is to be understood that the regenerated load condition of triggering of particulate filter can be true in a manner of different parameters It is fixed, as long as the parameter provides the direct or indirect report about load.Such as load condition can pass through particle filtering The pressure difference measurement of the upstream and downstream of device measures.Alternately, according to the operating parameter appropriate of internal combustion engine, such as current load With revolving speed fictitious load state.When load condition is more than scheduled threshold value, it is therefore necessary to be regenerated.
It is provided according to the preferred development mode of the method, internal combustion engine is sharp during the heating period of particulate filter Run with dense mixture, and during the regeneration stage of particulate filter with the combustion air ratio of stoichiometry (λ= 1) it runs.Because of the internal combustion engine only nonstoichiometry combustion air ratio during heating period, and the dense mixing of utilization Object runs (λ < 1), raw emissions can be kept as lower.Additionally, there are in tail gas reducing agent (carbohydrate HC, Carbon monoxide CO, hydrogen H2) share pass through the auxiliary air hair before the second ternary catalyzing unit or catalysis type particulate filter Thus raw exothermic oxidation obtains desired exhaust temperature and rises, and on the other hand also in the entrance of the second ternary catalyzing unit With the mixing air ratio of stoichiometry is met to greatest extent, to make the second ternary catalyzing unit/catalysis type particulate filter The harmful substance in tail gas can effectively be limited.
It is defined as in the method according to the invention advantageously, in the heating period, by auxiliary air air inlet in tail The mixing of stoichiometry is set before the entrance of the second catalyst converter or the particulate filter handled through catalyst coatings in gas channel Air ratio, and hyperstoichiometry is set in regeneration stageMixing air ratio (thin, λ > 1).It is possible thereby to the oxygen content in tail gas be improved, thus by accordingly to the flue dust recycled in particulate filter Oxidation is reliable and controllably realizes the regeneration of particulate filter.
It is provided according to another preferred improved procedure, in order to carry out the regeneration of particulate filter, in the heating period and again It is repeatedly alternately converted between the raw stage.It may thereby be ensured that on the one hand will not be led in the regenerative process of particulate filter The overheat and burn-through of particulate filter are caused, and on the other hand temperature is avoided to drop to regeneration temperature or less.This preferably passes through Constant auxiliary air air inlet and internal combustion engine stoichiometry and dense alternate run are realized.As a result, in the stoichiometry of internal combustion engine Time interval in thin mixing air ratio is realized by auxiliary air, and in dense (low stoichiometry) time interval Realize the mixing air ratio of stoichiometry.The relative length of heating period and regeneration stage can choose as equal or different length , it is preferably isometric in time.
Furthermore it advantageously provides for, during the heating period and during regeneration stage, respectively with the combustion of stoichiometry Air ratio or mixing air are burnt than load the first and second ternary catalyzing units or the first ternary catalyzing unit or are handled through catalyst coatings Particulate filter.Thus, it is possible to ensure effective tail gas clean-up always under each operating status of internal combustion engine.
According to the alternative improved procedure of the method provide, internal combustion engine during the heating period of particulate filter and It is run during regeneration stage using dense mixture, wherein the auxiliary air of such quantity is passed through in the two stages, So that the mixing air of the inlet of particulate filter is thinner than enough, that is to say, that there is enough superfluous oxygen, and Flue dust in oxidation particle filter.In this embodiment, heating period and regeneration stage occur simultaneously.Pass through the dense of internal combustion engine Lower nitric oxide production raw emissions may be implemented in mixing ratio.However due to each of the two ternary catalyzing units and warp The particulate filter of catalyst coatings processing is all not with the combustion air ratio of stoichiometry or the mixing air of stoichiometry than fortune Row, it is possible that nitric oxide slips (Stickoxid-Schlupf), and nitric oxide slippage can also equally pass through other Exhaust aftertreatment equipment, especially nitrogen oxides storage catalyst converter are eliminated.
A kind of equipment for internal combustion engine, the tail gas clean-up of especially petrol engine is alsied specify according to the present invention, it is described Internal combustion engine is followed by with exhaust gas channel, the first ternary catalyzing unit being arranged in the exhaust gas channel, along the flow direction of tail gas Particulate filter and secondary for being carried out to exhaust gas channel before being arranged in the particulate filter along the flow direction of tail gas The device of air inlet, wherein along the flow direction of tail gas between the device and particulate filter for auxiliary air air inlet Tool arranges the second ternary catalyzing unit or particulate filter has three-element catalytic coating, and the equipment is designed for real It applies according to the method for the present invention.Thus it (under the operating status, is carried out mixed in internal combustion engine under the operating status of internal combustion engine Thickization of object is closed for passing through the auxiliary air inlet air heating tail gas on the second catalyst converter) and the mixing of stoichiometry is set Air ratio and effective tail gas clean-up is realized from there through the second three-element catalytic component.Under the operating status of internal combustion engine ( Under the operating status, internal combustion engine is with the combustion air of stoichiometry than operation and to have passed through the first three-element catalytic Device realizes effective tail gas clean-up) auxiliary air can be inputted before the second three-element catalytic component, so as in particle filtering The oxidation of the flue dust recycled in device provides oxygen, and is achieved in the regeneration of particulate filter.It thus ensures, the two three At least there is a mixing air with stoichiometry than operation in first catalytic member always, and passes through the two three-element catalytic portions One in part effectively purifies tail gas.It is also feasible that under another operating status of internal combustion engine, internal combustion engine with The mixing air of stoichiometry is not placed in auxiliary air than operation.Under the operating status, two three-element catalytic components with Stoichiometry mixing air is than operation.
It is advantageously improved mode according to one kind to provide, the device for auxiliary air air inlet includes secondary air valve.Pass through Air input between adjustable first ternary catalyzing unit of secondary air valve and the second three-element catalytic component.Thus, it is possible to letter Single and comfortable mode, adjustment in exhaust gas channel secondary air valve downstream, especially in the second ternary catalyzing unit and/or particle mistake Mixing air ratio on filter.It is possible thereby to realize tail gas clean-up by the second three-element catalytic component or control particulate filter Regeneration.Excessively high oxygen concentration can especially be inhibited by closing secondary air valve and thus inhibit the cigarette in particulate filter The uncontrolled burning of dirt, otherwise uncontrolled burning will lead to the damage of particulate filter.
Another preferred improved procedure is that the device for auxiliary air air inlet includes two layers of air pipe line, described Air pipe line section between compressor and internal combustion engine is connected by auxiliary air pipeline with exhaust gas channel.It can be incited somebody to action by compressor Air is compressed to the pressure for being higher than the first ternary catalyzing unit downstream in exhaust gas channel.It is possible thereby to it is unnecessary to auxiliary air into Gas and need the additional compressor for compressed air.
Provided according to preferred embodiment, along tail gas pass through exhaust gas channel flow direction the second ternary catalyzing unit with Between particulate filter or along the flow direction after particulate filter, exhaust gas oxygensensor is disposed in exhaust gas channel.Pass through Exhaust gas oxygensensor detects the oxygen content in tail gas, and by auxiliary air air inlet adjustment to mixing air ratio, to adjust particle filtering The heating of device and/or the regeneration of particulate filter.
By remaining, defined technical characteristic provides others preferred design mode of the invention in the dependent claims.
As long as otherwise indicated not in individual cases, then the numerous embodiments that the present invention is previously mentioned in this application are all It can advantageously be combined with each other.
Internal combustion engine is preferably the component of the driving device of motor vehicle, especially car.The driving device can be combined drive Dynamic device, with multiple components with driving energy source different from each other.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention more illustrate in detail according to embodiment below by attached drawing.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 shows a kind of embodiment of internal combustion engine, with the tail gas according to the present invention for cleaning internal combustion engines Equipment；
Fig. 2 shows the alternate embodiments of internal combustion engine, with the tail gas according to the present invention for cleaning internal combustion engines Equipment；
Fig. 3 shows the view of the regenerated embodiment according to the present invention for particulate filter；
Fig. 4 shows the view of the regenerated alternate embodiment according to the present invention for particulate filter.
Specific embodiment
Fig. 1 shows internal combustion engine 10, in the form of the petrol engine loaded by turbocharger 30, the internal combustion engine With air supply system 50 and have exhaust gas channel 12.Air supply system 50 includes air filter 42, suction pipe 36, compressor 28, air throttle 38 and charger-air cooler 40.Flow direction in exhaust gas channel 12 along the tail gas of internal combustion engine 10 is disposed with The turbine 34 of turbocharger 30, the turbine drive the compressor 28 of turbocharger 30 by drive shaft 44.
The flow direction that exhaust gas channel 12 is passed through along the tail gas of internal combustion engine 10, in 34 downstream of turbine in exhaust gas channel 12 It is disposed with the first ternary catalyzing unit 14.It is provided in the downstream of the first ternary catalyzing unit 14 for 12 auxiliary air of exhaust gas channel The device 20 of air inlet.For auxiliary air air inlet device 20 include secondary air valve 22 and auxiliary air pipeline 24, described two Air pipe line section 26 and exhaust gas channel 12 phase of the secondary air pipe line by suction line 36 between compressor 28 and internal combustion engine 10 Even.In the downstream of the device 20 for auxiliary air air inlet, the second ternary catalyzing unit 16 is disposed in exhaust gas channel 12.In The tail gas of combustion engine 10 passes through the flow direction of exhaust gas channel 12, has exhaust gas oxygensensor 32 in the arranged downstream of the second ternary catalyzing unit 16 With particulate filter 18, especially gasoline engine particulate filter.
Fig. 2 shows another internal combustion engines 10, have air supply system 50 and exhaust gas channel 12.It is substantially the same constructing In the case of, do not arrange the second ternary catalyzing unit 16 in exhaust gas channel 12.In fact, instead of particle mistake non-catalytic in Fig. 1 Filter 18, layout design have the particulate filter 18 ' of three-element catalytic coating, ternary catalyzing unit and particle filtering thereby is achieved The function of device.
In the scope of the application, the second ternary catalyzing unit 16 in Fig. 1 and the particle handled through catalyst coatings in Fig. 2 Filter 18 ' is all referred to as the second three-element catalytic component.
It is formed by flue dust in internal combustion engine operation to be recovered by particulate filter 18,18 ', wherein particulate filter 18, it 18 ' is loaded by flue dust.If detecting the threshold value of the determination of the flue dust load of particulate filter 18,18 ', (this for example can be with Completed by the pressure difference measurements to particulate filter 18,18 ' or by the calculating based on model), then it begins to take to particle The regeneration method of filter 18,18 '.For this purpose, by the tail gas temperature of internal combustion engine 10 first before the entrance of particulate filter 18,18 ' Degree is increased to about 600 DEG C of regeneration temperature.This by realizing according to the method for the present invention.Firstly, checking the second three-element catalytic Whether component 16,18 ' has so-called " initiation temperature ", and e.g., about 350 DEG C.It may thereby be ensured that the tail of internal combustion engine 10 The unburned component of fuel in gas being capable of exothermic oxidation in the second three-element catalytic component 16,18 '.If the second three-element catalytic Component 16,18 ' is in initiation temperature, then particulate filter 18,18 ' is still heated to regeneration temperature.For this purpose, 10 benefit of internal combustion engine It is run with rich mixture, the rich mixture preferably has the combustion air ratio that λ is about 0.9.The unburned component of gaseous mixture, Especially carbon monoxide, carbohydrate and hydrogen import in exhaust gas channel 12 together with combustion product.Since air enters pressure Suction line 36 and the air after contracting machine 28 import exhaust gas channel by auxiliary air pipeline 24 and secondary air valve 22 12, the unburned component of fuel can locate exothermic conversion in the second three-element catalytic component 16,18 ' for being located at downstream.Internal combustion engine 10 combustion air ratio λEIt can be adjusted with pilot-operated type, to be set as desired target temperature.Meanwhile it being urged by the second ternary Change the measurement of exhaust gas oxygensensor 32 in 16 downstream of device by internal combustion engine 10 combustion air than with after the obtained mixing of the auxiliary air that is passed through Combustion air ratio λm.The mixed combustion air ratio λ during heating period of particulate filter 18,18 'mIt is adjusted It saves to λm=1, so that the second three-element catalytic component 16,18 ' be made to can be realized ideal tail gas clean-up effect, and effectively turn Change the harmful substance in tail gas.
If reaching the regeneration temperature of particulate filter 18,18 ', regeneration stage is switched to.For this purpose, internal combustion engine 10 is again With the combustion air ratio λ of stoichiometryE=1 operation.Thus, it is possible to during the regeneration stage of the first ternary catalyzing unit 14 The sufficiently harmful substance of the tail gas of conversion internal combustion engine 10.In order to provide oxygen to the regeneration of particulate filter 18,18 ', further Auxiliary air is blasted into exhaust gas channel 12.Desired mixed combustion air ratio (such as λmIt=1.1) can be by wearing The corresponding dosage for crossing the auxiliary air of secondary air valve 22 is conditioned.Thus, it is possible to ensure in particulate filter 18,18 ' middle recycling Flue dust conversion ratio it is not too high, otherwise will will lead to the thermal damage of particulate filter 18,18 '.If in regeneration stage In the process particulate filter 18,18 ' inlet temperature drop to regeneration temperature hereinafter, then back switching to the heating period.Such as Shown in Fig. 3, the switching between the heating period and regeneration stage of particulate filter 18,18 ' can for example optionally exist respectively It is completed in 100 seconds time intervals.This process repeats always, until particulate filter 18,18 ' sufficiently regenerates, this is for example same Sample is realized by the pressure difference measurements of particulate filter 18,18 ' front and backs.
Alternately, particulate filter 18,18 ' can also regenerate as depicted in Figure 4.In the case, it heats Stage and regeneration stage carry out simultaneously.For this purpose, internal combustion engine 10 is run with dense mixture, preferably with λE=0.9 to 0.95 combustion Air is burnt than operation.At the same time, it preferably lasts for blasting auxiliary air in exhaust gas channel 12, to make thinly mixed combustion It burns air ratio (it is also referred to as mixing air ratio) and is adjusted to λm> 1, preferably λm=1.1.Thus the unburned component of fuel Simultaneously exothermic oxidation and have enough oxygen auxiliary use, to convert the cigarette in particulate filter 18,18 ' middle recycling Dirt.
Two in figs. 3 and 4 the method can be converted with the design method of shown exhaust gas channel 12.It is preferred that Ground is implemented according to the method for Fig. 3, thus make in the method at least one ternary catalyzing unit 14,16 (in other words 18 ') always with Stoichiometry mixing air is than operation.
List of numerals
10 internal combustion engines
12 exhaust gas channels
14 first ternary catalyzing units
16 second ternary catalyzing units
18 particulate filters
18 ' the particulate filters handled through catalyst coatings
20 are used for the device of auxiliary air air inlet
22 secondary air valves
24 auxiliary air pipelines
26 air pipe line sections
28 compressors
30 turbocharger
32 exhaust gas oxygensensors
34 turbines
36 suction lines
38 air throttles
40 charger-air coolers
42 air filters
44 drive shafts
50 air supply systems
λECombustion air ratio
λmMixing air ratio

Claims (10)

1. method of the one kind for the exhaust aftertreatment of internal combustion engine (10), the internal combustion engine include exhaust gas channel (12), are arranged in The first ternary catalyzing unit (14) in the exhaust gas channel (12), the particulate filter being followed by along the flow direction of tail gas (18, 18 ') before and being arranged in particulate filter (18,18 ') along the flow direction of tail gas and it is arranged in the first ternary catalyzing unit (14) after, for exhaust gas channel (12) auxiliary air air inlet device (20), wherein along the flow direction of tail gas with The second ternary is arranged in exhaust gas channel (12) between the device (20) and particulate filter (18,18 ') of auxiliary air air inlet Catalyst converter (16) or the particulate filter (18 ') have three-element catalytic coating, the described method comprises the following steps:
Internal combustion engine (10) is with the combustion air of stoichiometry than operation；
The load condition of particulate filter (18,18 ') of the detection arrangement in the exhaust gas channel (12) of internal combustion engine (10)；
When the load condition needs to regenerate particulate filter (18,18 '), by being at least temporarily used for The flammable mixture of combustion engine (10) is adjusted to dense and by being at least temporarily passed through auxiliary air in exhaust gas channel (12) Exhaust temperature is improved to the regeneration temperature of particulate filter (18,18 '), thus the heating in particulate filter (18,18 ') Stage makes dense burning tail in the second ternary catalyzing unit (16) or in the particulate filter (18 ') handled through catalyst coatings Gas by heat release is aoxidized by auxiliary air, and
Internal combustion engine (10) utilizes dense or stoichiometry mixture during the regeneration stage of particulate filter (18,18 ') Operation.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein heating of the internal combustion engine (10) in particulate filter (18,18 ') It is run during stage with dense mixture, and with chemistry during the regeneration stage of particulate filter (18,18 ') The mixture of metering is run.
3. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, in the heating period, by auxiliary air air inlet in tail gas It is arranged before the entrance of the second ternary catalyzing unit (16) or the particulate filter (18 ') handled through catalyst coatings in channel (12) The mixing air ratio of stoichiometry, and in regeneration stage, the mixing air ratio of hyperstoichiometry is set.
4. according to the method in any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized in that for particulate filter (18,18 ') Regeneration, the alternately repeatedly switching between heating period and regeneration stage.
5. the method according to claim 1, wherein during the heating period and regeneration stage mistake Cheng Zhong, first or second ternary catalyzing unit (14,16) in other words the first ternary catalyzing unit (14) or through catalyst coatings handle Grain filter (18 ') is respectively with the combustion air ratio or mixing air of stoichiometry than operation.
6. the method according to claim 1, wherein heating period of the internal combustion engine in particulate filter (18,18 ') During and run with dense mixture during regeneration stage, wherein number in this way is inputted in the two stages The auxiliary air of amount so that the inlet of particulate filter (18,18 ') mixing air than with sufficiently large excess of oxygen Gas, and it is oxidized the flue dust in particulate filter (18,18 ').
7. equipment of the one kind for the tail gas of cleaning internal combustion engines (10), the internal combustion engine has exhaust gas channel (12), is arranged in institute State the first ternary catalyzing unit (14) in exhaust gas channel (12), the particulate filter being followed by along the flow direction of tail gas (18, 18 ') before and being arranged in the particulate filter (18,18 ') along the flow direction of tail gas and it is arranged in the first three-element catalytic The device (20) being used for exhaust gas channel (12) auxiliary air air inlet after device (14), which is characterized in that along the flowing of tail gas Direction arrangement in exhaust gas channel (12) between the device (20) for auxiliary air air inlet and particulate filter (18,18 ') There are the second ternary catalyzing unit (16) or the particulate filter (18 ') that there is three-element catalytic coating, and the equipment designs For implementing method according to any one of claim 1 to 6.
8. equipment according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the device (20) for auxiliary air air inlet includes secondary sky Air valve (22).
9. equipment according to claim 7 or 8, which is characterized in that the device (20) for auxiliary air air inlet includes two Secondary air pipe line (24), the auxiliary air pipeline make the air pipe line section (26) between compressor (28) and internal combustion engine (10) It is connected with exhaust gas channel (12).
10. equipment according to claim 7, which is characterized in that in exhaust gas channel (12), pass through exhaust gas channel along tail gas (12) flow direction is between the second ternary catalyzing unit (16) and particulate filter (18,18 ') or streamwise is in particle Exhaust gas oxygensensor (32) are arranged after filter (18,18 ').
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