CN106315509B - A kind of liquid phase alloy reacts the method and apparatus for preparing hydrogen with seawater - Google Patents
A kind of liquid phase alloy reacts the method and apparatus for preparing hydrogen with seawater Download PDFInfo
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- CN106315509B CN106315509B CN201510347688.5A CN201510347688A CN106315509B CN 106315509 B CN106315509 B CN 106315509B CN 201510347688 A CN201510347688 A CN 201510347688A CN 106315509 B CN106315509 B CN 106315509B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/133—Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of liquid phase alloys, and the method for preparing hydrogen is reacted with seawater, comprising the following steps: is uniformly mixed liquid metal and production hydrogen metal with mass ratio, obtains liquid phase alloy fuel;It by the liquid phase alloy fuel and sea water mixing, sufficiently reacts, collects hydrogen.The device for preparing hydrogen is reacted with seawater the present invention also provides a kind of liquid phase alloy.Method and apparatus provided by the invention get rid of the deficiencies of conventional solid aluminium alloy preparation energy consumption, inefficient, system complex, and raw material sources are extremely extensive, substantially increase safety and flexibility that hydrogen uses.Scheme provided by the invention can be used in ocean navigation directly acquiring the supply of the energy or even global energy, can greatly push the development of seawater hydrogen utilization technology, have broad application prospects.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to hydrogen preparation fields, and in particular to a kind of liquid phase alloy directly reacted with seawater the method for generating hydrogen and
Device.
Background technique
Hydrogen is a kind of clean energy resource that generating efficiency is high, be replace one of traditional energy it is more promising clear
The clean energy, therefore, the acquisition to hydrogen are that academia and industry are widely paid attention to for a long time.In various approach, a kind of acquisition
The typical method of hydrogen is to decompose water by means such as light, electricity to be produced, but in terms of quick, inexpensive, low energy consumption still
There are larger challenges.
It is well known that there is the area close to 3/4ths all to be covered by water on the earth, wherein seawater accounts for total Water
90% or more.The seawater of rich reserves provides a large amount of water source, is inexhaustible for the mankind, but
Since seawater salinity is high, can not directly utilize.Increasingly depleted with fossil fuel, the mankind solve the final approach of the energy very
Trend may be obtained hydrogen on a large scale from seawater.It undoubtedly, will if hydrogen can be manufactured using seawater directly in a manner of inexpensive
The problems such as alleviating current energy crisis, environmental pollution or even economic crisis significantly.However, due to being dissolved with various salt in seawater
Point, complex genesis, disposition is more difficult, this, which to directly acquire hydrogen, faces many technical bottlenecks, leads to making for the prior art
Still high with cost, efficiency is lower, and energy consumption is high.In addition, hydrogen is inflammable and explosive, need carefully to be stored after being made,
It is high using the security requirement of link to transportational process plus hydrogen etc..Generally, current hydrogen producing technology, banking system and fortune
The links such as defeated approach still seriously limit the utilization of Hydrogen Energy.
In various hydrogen producing technologies, directly using aluminium based metal material hydrolysis quick obtaining hydrogen in recent years by
Pay much attention to, this is because metallic aluminium can react with water generates hydrogen, it is thus ensured that live hydrogen manufacturing and instant hydrogen supply,
And aluminium is the metal that reserves are most on the earth, from a wealth of sources, cost is relatively low, these factors ensure that the wide of this hydrogen production process
General application prospect.But existing aluminum-water reaction hydrogen manufacturing is natural insufficient there are one, i.e., metallic aluminium is easily oxidized, and surface is raw
At fine and close protective film will lead to aluminum-water reaction process cannot continue carry out.A kind of effective way improving the process is alloy
Change, i.e., by aluminum at alloy or compound, in this way after aqueous solution is added, the oxidation film that can reduce aluminium surface to a certain degree continues
It is formed, is Hydrogen Energy benefit so that it is guaranteed that producing the progress of hydrogen reaction, therefore this alloying hydrogen manufacturing mode steps into the people visual field in recent years
With bringing new hope.But there is also core technology bottlenecks for this method, and e.g., alloy, which is made, to be needed to fire by high temperature, thus can
Increasing energy consumption, and manufactured solid alloy and the catalytic specific surface area of aqueous solution are smaller, this makes hydrogen generation efficiency relatively low, because
And this method is still not easy functionization.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to overcome defect in the prior art, a kind of liquid phase alloy is provided and reacts the side for preparing hydrogen with seawater
Method and device.
The present invention has found that aluminium alloy can hydrogen manufacturing without existing in a solid state by many experiments;Also, aluminium with it is some
Corrosiveness can occur for liquid metal, to be distributed in liquid metal in a manner of liquid phase, this liquid phase alloy fluid with contain
After neutrality, alkalinity or the acidic electrolysis bath of the substances such as NaCl, NaOH, HCl contact, hydrogen can be continuously generated at room temperature
Gas.Seawater being widely present on earth, and can directly react acquisition hydrogen after the mixing of liquid phase alloy, thus the seawater system of realization
Hydrogen makes full use of resource.
The first object of the present invention is to provide a kind of liquid phase alloy and reacts the method for preparing hydrogen with seawater.
It the described method comprises the following steps:
(1) liquid metal and production hydrogen metal are uniformly mixed with mass ratio 80~99:1~20 to get liquid phase alloy fuel;
The liquid metal is selected from gallium, gallium-indium alloy, gallium-indium-tin alloy, gallium indium red brass, bismuth indium alloy, bismuth indium tin and closes
Gold, bismuth indium red brass, bismuth-base alloy such as bismuth indium alloy, bismuth indium stannum alloy, bismuth indium red brass;The production hydrogen metal is selected from
Aluminium, zinc, magnesium;
(2) the liquid phase alloy fuel is mixed with seawater with volume ratio 1~10:50~90, at 15~90 DEG C, with 1~
It is sufficiently reacted under the speed stirring condition of 100r/min, collects hydrogen.
Liquid metal of the present invention is the metal or alloy being in a liquid state at room temperature.
Liquid metal of the present invention and the mass ratio for producing hydrogen metal are preferably 88~92:8~12, and further preferably 9:
1。
The liquid metal is preferably gallium, gallium-indium alloy or gallium, indium, tin quality that indium mass ratio is 50~90:10~50
Ratio is 60~80:10~30:5~20 gallium-indium-tin alloy.More preferably gallium, the gallium that indium mass ratio is 50~90:10~50
Indium alloy or gallium, indium, tin mass ratio are 60~80:10~30:5~20 gallium-indium-tin alloy.Further preferably for by 75%
The gallium-indium alloy of gallium and 25% indium composition, or the gallium-indium-tin alloy being made of 68.5% gallium, 21.5% indium and 10% tin.
The production hydrogen metal is preferably aluminium or zinc, further preferably aluminium.
It before the seawater is mixed with liquid phase alloy fuel, may be pretreated, the pretreatment can remove in seawater
The impurity contained prevents impurity from reacting with liquid phase alloy fuel so that it is guaranteed that seawater comes into full contact with liquid phase alloy fuel, improves
Prepare the efficiency of hydrogen reaction.The pretreatment is the following steps are included: be that 20nm~20um strainer carried out seawater with aperture
Filter.
The volume ratio of the liquid phase alloy fuel and sea water mixing is preferably 1~2:10~18;Further preferably 1:10.
As needed, temperature and stirring stirring can also be adjusted during the reaction, to control entire hydrogen production process, make liquid
Phase alloy fuel is sufficiently reacted with seawater, improves the yield of hydrogen.
As a preferred solution of the present invention, it the described method comprises the following steps:
(1) liquid metal is uniformly mixed with aluminium with mass ratio 88~92:8~12 to get liquid phase alloy fuel;
The liquid metal be gallium, the gallium-indium alloy of indium weight ratio 70~80:20~30 or gallium, indium, tin weight ratio 65~
The gallium-indium-tin alloy of 70:20~25:8~12;
(2) by the seawater after the strainer filtering of the liquid phase alloy fuel and via hole diameter 20nm~20um with volume ratio 1~
2:10~18 is mixed, and is sufficiently reacted under 15~90 DEG C, 1~100r/min mixing speed, and hydrogen is collected.
In order to realize making full use of for resource, the method can with the following steps are included:
(3) reaction system after collection hydrogen separated, restored, obtain liquid metal and produce hydrogen metal, preparation solution
Phase alloy fuel, realization recycle.
The second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of liquid phase alloy and reacts the device for preparing hydrogen with seawater.
Described device includes: the reaction tank that liquid phase alloy fuel is reacted with seawater, respectively with the reaction tank entrance
End connected liquid phase alloy fuel replenishing basin and seawater replenishing basin, and the hydrogen chamber being connected respectively with the reaction tank outlet end
And recovery pond.
The inner wall of the reaction tank is rough surface.Keep certain roughness surface can be enhanced liquid phase alloy fuel with
Contact area between seawater, wall surface, to improve hydrogen output capacity.
Heater and blender are equipped in the reaction tank.It, can be by heating and/or stirring under conditions of needs
Mode promotes to react, and improves the yield of hydrogen.
The liquid phase alloy fuel replenishing basin and seawater replenishing basin pass through pipeline and reaction tank equipped with pump and valve respectively
It is connected.The pump and valve are used to liquid phase alloy fuel and seawater being pumped into reaction tank.Since raw material of the present invention is equal
For liquid, energy needed for raw material is pumped into reaction tank is smaller, and the energy source of the pump can be battery.
The seawater replenishing basin also passes through the pipeline equipped with pump and valve and is connected with seawater.The pipeline being connected with seawater
On, aperture 20nm~20um anticorrosive property plastic filter screen, preferably the anticorrosive property plastic filter screen of aperture 500nm can be equipped with.
The filter screen can remove the impurity contained in seawater, to prevent impurity from reacting with liquid phase alloy fuel, it is ensured that seawater with
Liquid phase alloy fuel comes into full contact with, and raising prepares the efficiency of hydrogen reaction.
The separator for separating liquid metal is equipped in the recovery pond, it can be anti-after collecting hydrogen by liquid metal
It answers in system and separates.The separator can also be connected by recovery channel with liquid phase alloy fuel replenishing basin, will be after the recovery
Liquid metal inputs liquid phase alloy fuel replenishing basin, to realize the recycling to precious metal.
The electrolysis electrode for obtaining producing hydrogen metal for electroreduction is additionally provided in the recovery pond.The electrolysis electrode is used for
Waste liquid is electrolytic reduced to fine aluminium etc. and produces hydrogen metal.The electrolysis electrode is preferably platinum, carbon, graphite, gold, one in stainless steel
Kind.
Using device provided by the invention, the liquid phase alloy fuel containing liquid metal and hydrogen manufacturing metal can be pumped into
Reaction tank, while seawater is pumped into reaction tank, alloy fuel is sufficiently reacted with seawater can produce hydrogen;As needed, may be used
Add gentle agitation, suitably to control entire hydrogen production process;Reaction residue is reduced to pure hydrogen manufacturing gold once again after being separated again
Category and liquid metal, are made liquid phase alloy fuel again, generate hydrogen for reacting with seawater once again, are achieved in circulation hydrogen manufacturing
Process.
In device provided by the invention, the supply of alloy fuel need to be only terminated, then hydrogen weakens or interrupts, and thus controls phase
The hydrogen output answered.
Scheme provided by the invention can obtain following the utility model has the advantages that liquid phase alloy seawater device for producing hydrogen provided by the invention
In get rid of the preparation of conventional solid aluminium alloy and more consume energy, the deficiencies of low efficiency transports difficulty, system complex, liquid phase alloy
The introducing of fuel only needs battery to pump i.e. pumpable so that entire liquid fuel transmission and reaction process become simple and facilitate;Together
When, the present invention directly utilizes seawater and liquid phase alloy fuel to produce hydrogen, and the source of seawater and hydrogen supply metal is extremely extensive, and cost is slightly
Expensive liquid metal such as gallium only acts as catalyst, itself consumption is seldom, therefore apparatus of the present invention become the acquisition of hydrogen
It obtains simple and efficient and efficient;In addition, liquid phase alloy seawater device for producing hydrogen can realize on-demand hydrogen generation, thus substantially increases and make
Safety and flexibility.The very big development for pushing seawater hydrogen utilization technology is had wide answer by the development of this technology
Use prospect.The technology can be used in ocean navigation directly acquiring the supply of the energy or even global energy.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram that liquid phase alloy described in embodiment 9 reacts preparation hydrogen device with seawater;In figure, 1- liquid
Phase alloy fuel make up pond;2- reaction tank;4- seawater replenishing basin;6- heater;7- blender;8- hydrogen chamber;9- recovery pond;
91- separator;92- electrolysis electrode;11- liquid phase alloy fuel replenishing basin pipeline;12- liquid phase alloy fuel replenishing basin it is external pump and
Valve;31- reaction tank external pipe;The external pump of 32- reaction tank and valve;41- seawater replenishing basin external pipe;42- seawater is mended
To the external pump in pond and valve;93- liquid metal recovery channel;94- liquid metal recovery pump and valve;95- produces hydrogen metal recovery
Pump and valve;96- produces hydrogen metal recovery pipeline.
Specific embodiment
The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention..
Embodiment 1
Hydrogen is prepared in accordance with the following steps:
(1) gallium-indium alloy being made of 75% gallium and 25% indium is uniformly mixed with aluminium flake with mass ratio 9:1 to get liquid phase
Alloy fuel;
(2) the liquid phase alloy fuel is mixed with the seawater after the strainer filtering of via hole diameter 500nm with volume ratio 1:10,
25 DEG C, with revolving speed 10r/min stirring under conditions of sufficiently react, collect hydrogen.
Embodiment 2
Compared with Example 1, further comprising the steps of: the reaction system after collecting hydrogen is separated, is restored by (3),
Gallium-indium alloy and aluminium are obtained, obtains liquid phase alloy fuel after mixing in step (1) described ratio, circulation prepares hydrogen.
Embodiment 3
Compared with Example 1, difference is only that, liquid metal is gallium-indium-tin alloy, wherein containing 68.5% gallium, 21.5%
Indium and 10% tin.
Embodiment 4
Compared with Example 1, difference is only that, production hydrogen metal is zinc.
Embodiment 5
Hydrogen is prepared in accordance with the following steps:
(1) gallium-indium alloy being made of gallium and indium with weight ratio 7:3 is uniformly mixed with aluminium flake with mass ratio 88:12, i.e.,
Obtain liquid phase alloy fuel;
(2) the liquid phase alloy fuel is mixed with the seawater after the strainer filtering of via hole diameter 100nm with volume ratio 1:9,
30 DEG C, with revolving speed 20r/min stirring under conditions of sufficiently react, collect hydrogen;
(3) by reaction system separation, the reduction after collection hydrogen, gallium-indium alloy and aluminium are obtained, in step (1) ratio
Liquid phase alloy fuel is obtained after mixing, and circulation prepares hydrogen.
Embodiment 6
Hydrogen is prepared in accordance with the following steps:
(1) by the gallium-indium alloy being made of gallium and indium with weight ratio 8:2 and aluminium flake with mass ratio 92:8 be uniformly mixed to get
Liquid phase alloy fuel;
(2) the liquid phase alloy fuel is mixed with the seawater after the strainer filtering of via hole diameter 1um with volume ratio 1:50,
50 DEG C, with revolving speed 50r/min stirring under conditions of sufficiently react, collect hydrogen;
(3) reaction system after collection hydrogen separated, restored, gallium-indium alloy and aluminium are obtained, by described in step (1)
Ratio obtains liquid phase alloy fuel after mixing, and circulation prepares hydrogen.
Embodiment 7
Hydrogen is prepared in accordance with the following steps:
(1) gallium-indium-tin alloy being made of gallium, indium, tin with weight ratio 65:20:12 is mixed with aluminium flake with mass ratio 8:2
Uniformly to get liquid phase alloy fuel;
(2) the liquid phase alloy fuel is mixed with the seawater after the strainer filtering of via hole diameter 20nm with volume ratio 1:5,
15 DEG C, with revolving speed 1r/min stirring under conditions of sufficiently react, collect hydrogen;
(3) reaction system after collection hydrogen separated, restored, gallium-indium-tin alloy and aluminium are obtained, by step (1) institute
It states ratio and obtains liquid phase alloy fuel after mixing, circulation prepares hydrogen.
Embodiment 8
Hydrogen is prepared in accordance with the following steps:
(1) gallium-indium-tin alloy being made of gallium, indium, tin with weight ratio 70:25:8 is mixed with aluminium flake with mass ratio 99:1
Uniformly to get liquid phase alloy fuel;
(2) the liquid phase alloy fuel is mixed with the seawater after the strainer filtering of via hole diameter 20um with volume ratio 1:90,
90 DEG C, with revolving speed 100r/min stirring under conditions of sufficiently react, collect hydrogen;
(3) reaction system after collection hydrogen separated, restored, gallium-indium-tin alloy and aluminium are obtained, by step (1) institute
It states ratio and obtains liquid phase alloy fuel after mixing, circulation prepares hydrogen.
Embodiment 9
A kind of liquid phase alloy reacts the device (as shown in Figure 1) for preparing hydrogen with seawater, and described device includes: liquid phase alloy
The reaction tank 2 that fuel is reacted with seawater, the liquid phase alloy fuel replenishing basin 1 being connected respectively with the reaction tank arrival end and
Seawater replenishing basin 4, and the hydrogen chamber 8 and recovery pond 9 that are connected respectively with the reaction tank outlet end;
The inner wall of the reaction tank 2 is rough surface;Heater 6 and blender 7 are equipped in reaction tank;
The liquid phase alloy fuel replenishing basin 1 is by being equipped with the external liquid phase pumped with valve 12 of liquid phase alloy fuel replenishing basin
Alloy fuel replenishing basin pipeline 11 is connected with reaction tank 3;
The seawater replenishing basin 4 passes through reaction tank external pipe 31 and reaction tank equipped with reaction tank external pump and valve 32
3 are connected;Seawater replenishing basin external pipe 41 of the seawater replenishing basin 4 also by being equipped with seawater replenishing basin external pump and valve 42
It is connected with seawater;On the pipeline 41, it is equipped with aperture 500nm anticorrosive property plastic filter screen;
The separator 91 for separating liquid metal is equipped in the recovery pond 9, the separator 91 is also by being equipped with liquid
The liquid metal recovery channel 93 of state metal recovery pump and valve 94 is connected with liquid phase alloy fuel replenishing basin 1;
The electrolysis electrode 92 for obtaining producing hydrogen metal for electroreduction is additionally provided in the recovery pond 9, anode and cathode is 5mm
The graphite electrode of × 15mm;It is golden by the production hydrogen for being equipped with production hydrogen metal recovery pump and valve 95 that electroreduction obtained produces hydrogen metal
Belong to recovery channel 96 to export.
Embodiment 10
Method as described in example 2 is implemented using the device that embodiment 9 provides.
Although above having used general explanation, specific embodiment and test, the present invention is made to retouch in detail
It states, but on the basis of the present invention, it can be made some modifications or improvements, this is apparent to those skilled in the art
's.Therefore, these modifications or improvements without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention, belong to claimed
Range.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of liquid phase alloy reacts the method for preparing hydrogen with seawater, which comprises the following steps:
(1) liquid metal and production hydrogen metal are uniformly mixed with mass ratio 80~99:1~20 to get liquid phase alloy fuel;
The liquid metal be gallium, the gallium-indium alloy that indium mass ratio is 50~90:10~50 or gallium, indium, tin mass ratio be 60
The gallium-indium-tin alloy of~80:10~30:5~20;The production hydrogen metal is aluminium or zinc;
(2) by the seawater after the strainer filtering of the liquid phase alloy fuel and via hole diameter 20nm~20um with 1~10:50 of volume ratio
~90 mixing are stirred at 15~90 DEG C, with the speed of 1~100r/min, are sufficiently reacted, collect hydrogen.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein the following steps are included:
(1) liquid metal is uniformly mixed with aluminium/zinc with mass ratio 88~92:8~12 to get liquid phase alloy fuel;
The liquid metal is gallium, the gallium-indium alloy of indium weight ratio 70~80:20~30 or gallium, indium, tin weight ratio 65~70:
The gallium-indium-tin alloy of 20~25:8~12;
(2) by the seawater after the strainer filtering of the liquid phase alloy fuel and via hole diameter 20nm~20um with 1~2:10 of volume ratio
~18 mixing are stirred at 15~90 DEG C, with the speed of 1~100r/min, are sufficiently reacted, collect hydrogen.
3. method described in any one according to claim 1~2, which is characterized in that the method also includes following steps:
(3) reaction system after collection hydrogen separated, restored, respectively obtain liquid metal and produce hydrogen metal.
4. application of the claims 1 to 3 the method in energy resource supply.
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CN109734049A (en) * | 2019-02-21 | 2019-05-10 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | A kind of method and system using waste aluminum scale hydrogen manufacturing |
CN112811392B (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2021-12-28 | 苏州大学 | Deuterium gas preparation method and deuteration reaction taking deuterium gas as deuterium source |
CN113690469B (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2022-12-06 | 浙江大学 | Aluminum-water electrochemical cell system |
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