Taper roller convexity penetration type super precision method based on the combination of different-thickness oilstone
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of bearing processing, a kind of circular cone rolling based on the combination of different-thickness oilstone
Sub-convexity penetration type super precision method.
Background technology
Taper roller is that a kind of strength member of rolling bearing, especially profiled rollers connect with raceway for roller in bearing
Touch stress distribution and elastohydrodynamic lubrication oil film shape all can produce actively impact, raising bearing performance and reliability of service life are had important
Meaning.Therefore, in process of production the conical surface convexity of taper roller there are strict requirements.The curved shape of profiled rollers, mesh
The front optimal crown curve generally acknowledged is loaarithmic curve, and its size micron measures, and its Precision Machining is always bearing mnanufacture
One of middle important technology difficult problem needing to solve.At present, penetration type superfinishing grind be precision tapered profiled rollers processing main work
Skill, its processing mode is: the spiral deflector roll of a pair axis horizontal and configured in parallel, makees the motion of dead axle rotating Vortex so that by upper
Material mechanism is continuously introduced into the roller between two deflector rolls, can rotation, on one side with certain fix or the attitude edge that changes
Certain track extends through between two deflector rolls, and wherein, the roll forming surface of two deflector rolls contacts with the conical surface of roller from both sides,
Be supported roller, gesture stability and rotation drive, and front (or rear) spiral rib of deflector roll contacts with the ball basal plane of roller, pushes away
Dynamic roller runs through forward and adjacent rollers is isolated;Meanwhile, platoon leader's square oilstone is elastically pressed against roller from surface, and
Make the small size linear oscillating of high frequency along deflector roll axis direction, the roller conical surface is ground.Superfinishing is usually referred to as superfinishing
Processing.
In current taper roller penetration type microstoning, although what the quantity of an oil extraction stone had only has 6 pieces, has many
Reaching 12 pieces, but what the thickness of oilstone was just as, this just constrains the improvement of profiled rollers shape after superfinishing.At taper roller
In penetration type microstoning, the work surface of oilstone is the inner sunken face automatically generated with oilstone self abrasion, itself and roller cone
The contact in face is ground behavior and is all occurred in the range of this curved surface.Although the situation that contacts of oilstone work surface and the roller conical surface is with specifically
The difference of working condition and have the change of complexity, but the size of oilstone work surface curved surface scope is on the whole to oilstone and roller
Contact grinding behavior has restrictive function.The size of oilstone thickness directly affects the size of oilstone work surface, and then to super lapping
In journey oilstone and roller contact grinding behavior and profiled rollers has material impact.
In producing at present, taper roller penetration type microstoning is often difficult to obtain good profiled rollers, in many oilstones work simultaneously
Under conditions of work, not playing different-thickness oilstone and combining the regulation effect to protuberance shape is important restriction factor therein.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, it is proposed that a kind of circle based on the combination of different-thickness oilstone
Cone profiled rollers penetration type super precision method, to improve the protuberance shape of roller, makes profiled rollers shape close to loaarithmic curve.
The present invention solves that above-mentioned technical problem be the technical scheme is that
Taper roller convexity penetration type super precision method based on the combination of different-thickness oilstone, including a pair axis horizontal and parallel join
The motion of dead axle rotating Vortex made by the deflector roll put so that be continuously introduced into the taper roller between two deflector rolls by feed mechanism, from
Turn, between two deflector rolls, run through logical along the straight line parallel with deflector roll axis with a kind of tilting changeless attitude
Cross, wherein, the roll forming surface of the two deflector rolls taper-face contact from both sides Yu roller, taper roller is supported, gesture stability and
Rotate and drive, and the spiral rib of deflector roll contacts with the ball basal plane of taper roller, promote taper roller to run through forward and by adjacent
Taper roller is isolated;Meanwhile, platoon leader's square oilstone is elastically pressed against taper roller from surface, and along deflector roll axis direction
Make the small size linear oscillating of high frequency, the step that the roller conical surface is ground;In a inventive method oil extraction stone to being used often
The thickness of block oilstone selects, and forms the combination of different-thickness oilstone, improves taper roller protuberance shape, and taper roller with
Changeless tilting attitude extends through between two deflector rolls along the straight line parallel with deflector roll axis;Described tilting attitude is
During referring to that roller runs through, between horizontal plane female cone roller axis and the straight line run through, there is an angle, the most tilting
Angle.
For make taper roller protuberance shape close to loaarithmic curve, according to the concrete geometric parameter of roller and convex metric requirements not
With, the size of described oblique angle selects in the range of 1 °-3 °.Profiled rollers amount requires the biggest, and the oblique angle of selection is the biggest.Allow
Maximum oblique angle is restricted by roller cone angle, and the cone angle of roller is the biggest, it is allowed to the oblique angle of selection is the biggest.
As the preferred version of the present invention, there is the taper roller convexity based on the combination of different-thickness oilstone of 8 blocks of oilstones
Penetration type super precision method, oilstone thickness assembled scheme is, from the beginning of taper roller runs through entrance, first and second blocks of oilstones take phase
With thickness, the 3rd to the 5th block of oilstone take same thickness and one-tenth-value thickness 1/10 is first piece 0.8-0.9 times, the 6th to the 8th piece of oil
Stone take same thickness and one-tenth-value thickness 1/10 is first piece 0.6-0.7 times.
The principle adjusting the combination of oilstone thickness according to the requirement of profiled rollers amount and protuberance shape after superfinishing is: if requirement
Convexity amount is some larger or protuberance shape is more precipitous, then increase the ratio of heat-bodied oil stone, it is also possible to increase heat-bodied oil stone simultaneously
Pressure;Otherwise, if requiring convexity amount smaller or protuberance shape is milder, then increase the ratio of thin oilstone, it is also possible to
Reduce the pressure of heat-bodied oil stone simultaneously.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: be effectively improved taper roller penetration type superlinishing profiled rollers shape, make rolling
Sub-protuberance shape is close to loaarithmic curve;The combination adjusting oilstone thickness is easier to realize, and adjusts leeway the biggest, therefore,
The method of the present invention is quite convenient for application.
The know-why of the present invention is as follows:
In tilting penetration type taper roller convexity ultra-precision grinding is processed, the oilstone material of through-thickness diverse location on oilstone, make
It is used in the various location of taper roller length direction, and at taper roller length direction diverse location, abraded roller material is deep
The difference of degree defines profiled rollers.The oilstone material acting on a certain position of taper roller length direction is the most, and this position is rolled
The removing amount of sub-material is the most, and it is the biggest that corresponding material abrades the degree of depth.Therefore, by each oilstone in the oil extraction stone used
Thickness carry out different selections and formed certain combination, can effectively change and act on taper roller length direction diverse location
The oilstone quantity of material at place, makes at the diverse location of roller length direction the degree of depth of abraded roller material towards improving protuberance shape
Direction changes, thus obtains the effect improving profiled rollers shape.
Oilstone thickness reduces the impact on profiled rollers shape and also has another mechanism.Superfinishing grinds middle oilstone to workpiece material
The removing amount of material is not to increase over time and increase linearly, and total trend is as time increase oilstone to workpiece material
Material removal rate be gradually reduced, and the time increase to a certain degree after material removal rate can become the least.For tilting penetration type circular cone
Profiled rollers microstoning, the big end of roller and little end margin superfinishing district are all accompanied by roller skirt materials to the grinding of roller
Abrading gradually to middle part extension, therefore distance roller runs through entrance oilstone remotely, its removing to roller skirt materials
Rate ratio is relatively low, and correspondingly, the oilstone material near its thickness border is just not easy to consume, owing to oilstone is bonded abrasive tool,
This can affect the oilstone materials serve abrasive action near mid-depth.Distance roller is run through entrance oilstone thickness remotely
Reduce, this negative effect can be avoided, make roller central region obtain superfinishing more fully, and then improve profiled rollers shape
Shape.
Based on above-mentioned know-why, superfinishing can be obtained with Effective Regulation protuberance shape by the combination of an oil extraction stone thickness
Rear profiled rollers shape is close to the effect of loaarithmic curve.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is tilting penetration type taper roller convexity ultra-precision grinding processing mode schematic diagram based on the combination of different-thickness oilstone;
Fig. 2 is taper roller-oilstone Contact Geometric schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is that the roller of particular cross section under a kind of specific taper roller attitude longitudinally cuts shape schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is to contact line morphology schematic diagram with the roller-oilstone longitudinally cutting shape corresponding shown in Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 is the taper roller-oilstone contact line chart of embodiment;
Fig. 6 is that each longitudinal direction of taper roller of embodiment cuts shape inclined degree comparison diagram;
Fig. 7 is embodiment oilstone thickness superfinishing district schematic diagram when being 6mm;
Fig. 8 is embodiment oilstone thickness superfinishing district schematic diagram when being 4mm;
In figure, labelling is: 01, roller axis, 02, taper roller, and 03 oilstone, 04, deflector roll axis, 05, deflector roll, 06,
Roller runs through straight line, and 07, oblique angle, 08, contact line on roller, 09, border after oilstone thickness, 10, roller on oilstone
Big end margin superfinishing district, 11, superfinishing district, roller non-edge edge on oilstone, 12, roller big end margin superfinishing district on oilstone,
13, oilstone thickness front border.
Detailed description of the invention
Taper roller convexity penetration type super precision method based on the combination of different-thickness oilstone, including a pair axis horizontal and flat
The motion of dead axle rotating Vortex made by the deflector roll of row configuration so that be continuously introduced into the taper roller between two deflector rolls by feed mechanism, and one
Limit rotation, runs through along the straight line parallel with deflector roll axis with a kind of tilting changeless attitude between two deflector rolls
Pass through, wherein, the roll forming surface of the two deflector rolls taper-face contact from both sides Yu roller, taper roller is supported, gesture stability
Drive with rotating, and the spiral rib of deflector roll contacts with the ball basal plane of taper roller, promote taper roller to run through forward and by phase
Adjacent taper roller isolation;Meanwhile, platoon leader's square oilstone is elastically pressed against taper roller from surface, and along deflector roll axis side
To making the small size linear oscillating of high frequency, the step that the roller conical surface is ground;In a inventive method oil extraction stone to being used
The thickness of every block of oilstone selects, and forms the combination of different-thickness oilstone, improves taper roller protuberance shape, and taper roller
Extend through between two deflector rolls along the straight line parallel with deflector roll axis with changeless tilting attitude;Described tilting attitude
During referring to that roller runs through, between horizontal plane female cone roller axis and the straight line run through, there is an angle, the most tiltedly
Angle setting.
For make taper roller protuberance shape close to loaarithmic curve, according to the concrete geometric parameter of roller and convex metric requirements not
With, the size of described oblique angle selects in the range of 1 °-3 °.Profiled rollers amount requires the biggest, and the oblique angle of selection is the biggest.Allow
Maximum oblique angle is restricted by roller cone angle, and the cone angle of roller is the biggest, it is allowed to the oblique angle of selection is the biggest.
As the preferred version of the present invention, there is the taper roller convexity based on the combination of different-thickness oilstone of 8 blocks of oilstones
Penetration type super precision method, oilstone thickness assembled scheme is, from the beginning of taper roller runs through entrance, first and second blocks of oilstones take phase
With thickness, the 3rd to the 5th block of oilstone take same thickness and one-tenth-value thickness 1/10 is first piece 0.8-0.9 times, the 6th to the 8th piece of oil
Stone take same thickness and one-tenth-value thickness 1/10 is first piece 0.6-0.7 times.
The principle adjusting the combination of oilstone thickness according to the requirement of profiled rollers amount and protuberance shape after superfinishing is: if requirement
Convexity amount is some larger or protuberance shape is more precipitous, then increase the ratio of heat-bodied oil stone, it is also possible to increase heat-bodied oil stone simultaneously
Pressure;Otherwise, if requiring convexity amount smaller or protuberance shape is milder, then increase the ratio of thin oilstone, it is also possible to
Reduce the pressure of heat-bodied oil stone simultaneously.
This super precision method is also applied for two and the situation of above quantity Superfinishing machine line use.Multiple stage Superfinishing machine line
Situation, can regard that the oilstone quantity that a row works simultaneously adds as, such as two Superfinishing machine lines use, and work simultaneously
Oilstone quantity be 16.Such variation still falls within the protection domain of this patent.
Below by embodiment, the present invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
A kind of taper roller semi-cone angle is 2 °, and a length of 20mm, end diameter is 10mm, it is desirable to convexity amount is 5-7 μm, convexity shape
Shape, close to loaarithmic curve, uses tilting penetration type super precision method to process profiled rollers, and the Superfinishing machine used has 8 oilstone pressings
Cylinder, it is possible to provide a row 8 blocks oilstone works simultaneously.
Tilting penetration type taper roller convexity ultra-precision grinding processing mode based on the combination of different-thickness oilstone is as shown in Figure 1.
From the beginning of taper roller runs through entrance, the thickness of first and second blocks of oilstones takes 6mm, the 3rd to the 5th block of oilstone
Thickness takes 5mm, and the thickness of the 6th to the 8th block of oilstone takes 4mm;Design and reconditioning by superfinishing roller are rolled when ensureing microstoning
The oblique angle of son is 1 °.Such selection can make the taper roller protuberance shape after superfinishing close to loaarithmic curve, and convexity amount is also full
Foot above-mentioned requirements.
Embodiment 2
A kind of taper roller semi-cone angle is 1.5 °, and a length of 16mm, end diameter is 12mm, it is desirable to convexity amount is 6-8 μm, convexity
Shape, close to loaarithmic curve, uses tilting penetration type super precision method to process profiled rollers, and the Superfinishing machine used has 6 oilstones to add
Air cylinder, it is possible to provide a row 6 blocks oilstone works simultaneously.
From the beginning of taper roller runs through entrance, the thickness of first and second blocks of oilstones takes 8mm, the 3rd to the 4th block of oilstone
Thickness takes 6.5mm, and the thickness of the 5th to the 6th block of oilstone takes 5mm;When ensureing microstoning by the design of superfinishing roller and reconditioning
The oblique angle of roller is 2 °.Such selection can make the taper roller protuberance shape after superfinishing close to loaarithmic curve, and convexity amount is also
Meet above-mentioned requirements.
Embodiment 3
A kind of taper roller semi-cone angle is 2.5 °, and a length of 25mm, end diameter is 20mm, it is desirable to convexity amount is 7-11 μm, convex
Degree shape, close to loaarithmic curve, uses tilting penetration type super precision method to process profiled rollers, and the Superfinishing machine used has 10 oil
Stone pressurized cylinder, it is possible to provide a row 10 blocks oilstone works simultaneously.
From the beginning of taper roller runs through entrance, the thickness of first to the 3rd block of oilstone takes 15mm, the 4th to the 6th block of oilstone
Thickness take 12mm, the thickness of the 7th to the tenth block of oilstone takes 9mm;When ensureing microstoning by the design of superfinishing roller and reconditioning
The oblique angle of roller is 3 °.Such selection can make the taper roller protuberance shape after superfinishing close to loaarithmic curve, and convexity amount is also
Meet above-mentioned requirements.
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the know-why of the present invention is described further.
For taper roller tilting penetration type microstoning, select horizontal vertical cross section and longitudinal vertical cross section respectively, from
The roller conical surface cut shape shape two aspects corresponding with oilstone work surface, analyze the way of contact of roller and oilstone.Longitudinally refer to rolling
Son runs through rectilinear direction, is laterally and longitudinally perpendicular direction.Hereinafter, lateral cross section is called for short in horizontal vertical cross section, and correspondence is cut
Shape is referred to as transverse cutting shape;Longitudinal abbreviation longitudinal cross-section, vertical cross section, corresponding shape of cutting is referred to as longitudinally cutting shape.Fig. 2 is that roller-oilstone connects
Touch geometrical relationship schematic diagram.
Transverse cutting conformal analysis.Oilstone shape of working surface automatically generates with oilstone self abrasion, and oilstone abrasion is it
Grinding generation with roller contact, therefore, when roller linearly runs through below oilstone, the work surface of oilstone should be along passing through
Wearing the Extrude Face of rectilinear direction, the shape of each of which transverse cutting shape is the most identical.On the other hand, roller have conical surface and its
Axis presents spatial intersecting relation with running through straight line, thus, each transverse cutting shape of the roller conical surface is that size is mutually different ellipse
Circle.Therefore, the not simple face contact relation as cut-in type superfinishing is ground of the Contact Geometric between roller and oilstone.
Longitudinally cut conformal analysis.Fig. 3 is that the roller of particular cross section under a kind of specific roller attitude longitudinally cuts shape schematic diagram, wherein
The representative sectional position cutting shape of lower case, represents with corresponding capitalization in fig. 2.First investigate the longitudinal direction of the roller conical surface
Cut shape.Due to oblique angle and the existence of roller cone angle, in oilstone thickness range, it is all one section of circle that the longitudinal direction of the roller conical surface cuts shape
Cone curve, but in the horizontal along with the difference of sectional position, the shape and the incline direction that cut shape are the most different.Investigate oilstone work again
The longitudinal direction in face cuts shape.Oilstone work surface is longitudinal stretching face, thus it longitudinally cuts shape and is horizontal linear.Oilstone work surface is certainly
Body abrasion is formed, and under steady-working state, in each longitudinal cross-section in oilstone width range, roller cuts with oilstone
Shape all can have a contact point.Obviously, it is ensured that roller runs through along horizontal linear, this contact point can only be that roller longitudinally cuts shape
Peak.Therefore, roller and oilstone are linear contact lay, and contact line is all vertical section of space curves that shape peak is linked to be of roller.
Under certain roller geometric parameter and the thickness of oilstone and locality condition, the concrete shape of roller-oilstone contact line
State depends on roller attitude.Based on symmetry, tilting direction does not affect, and the most only considers that roller small end deflector roll backward is tilting
Situation.
First the contact line morphology under above-mentioned specific roller attitude is carried out qualitative analysis.This specific roller attitude is to incline
Oblique angle takes one and makes the value that on roller, element line small end is slightly raised, and oblique angle takes a less appropriate value.Inclination angle is
Refer to roller axis in longitudinal vertical plane and the angle run through between straight line.When the lateral attitude of oilstone is its mid-depth cross section
Roller under roller axis lengthwise centers, this roller attitude-oilstone contact line morphology is as shown in Figure 4.Fig. 4 is contact
Line projection in horizontal plane.In Fig. 4, contact line is made up of broken line ABCDEF, AB and EF respectively represents one section of roller big end circle
Arc, CD represents one section of roller small end circular arc, BC and DE section shape not can determine that (figure cathetus is schematic).This contact
The Forming Mechanism of line is: along with the position of longitudinal cross-section is moved to F by A, and roller longitudinally cuts the shape of shape (conic section) and inclines
Tilted direction is continually changing, and its peak changes along broken line ABCDEF.Fig. 3 is some specific longitudinal cross-sections under this roller attitude
Position and corresponding cut shape schematic diagram.Sectional position code name in Fig. 2 is identical with the contact line turning point symbol of Fig. 4, represents
Sectional position is corresponding turning point position.Additionally, the position of section shape o is at oilstone mid-depth in Fig. 3, cutting shape p is that DE connects
That touches line length central cross-section cuts shape.
Contact line shown in Fig. 4, AB with EF section is referred to as big end margin and contact line, and CD section is referred to as small end EDGE CONTACT line, AC with
DE section is referred to as non-edge contact line.Contact line morphology shown in Fig. 4 is the one that contact line segment number is most, based on this, along with
The Parameters variation such as roller attitude, contact line segment number and the length of each section and position can be varied from, such as, if oblique angle increases
Greatly, then D point boundary direction after oilstone thickness moves, and even up to after oilstone thickness on border, causes EF section to disappear even DE
Section and EF section all disappear;If roller small end reduces, then CD section may become the least and even disappears;If roller small end is significantly lifted
Height, CD section may become very big, and meanwhile, AB and EF section even AC and DE section all may disappear.
Assuming that contact line has form shown in Fig. 4, coordinate system can be set and set up roller longitudinally section shape equation further
And Contact line equations, the contact geometry problem of roller Yu oilstone is carried out deeper into analysis.Application No.
The disclosed patent of invention of 201610052176.0 give this longitudinal direction cut shape equation and Contact line equations, and illustrate how by
It is used for profiled rollers analysis.For the taper roller microstoning of above-described embodiment 1, when roller oblique angle is 1 °, inclination angle
It is 2.04 °, when oilstone thickness is 6mm, uses the roller oilstone contact line that the equation is drawn as it is shown in figure 5, each longitudinal direction of roller is cut
The inclined degree of shape contrasts as shown in Figure 6.
In Fig. 5, x coordinate direction is horizontal, is also oilstone thickness direction, is oilstone mid-depth at x=0, and x represents for negative
The later half district of oilstone, x is for just representing oilstone first half district;Z coordinate direction is longitudinally, is also the length direction of roller and oilstone, and z value is
Bearing and represent roller small end on one side, z value is for just representing the big end of roller.Thick line portion in Fig. 5 is contact line, and fine rule covers
Scope is the contact area scope on roller.Fig. 5 shows that embodiment 1 situation lower roller-oilstone contact line morphology is " Z " font.
Z in Fig. 6bCoordinate direction is longitudinally, ybCoordinate direction is vertical.Fig. 6 shows, in oilstone mid-depth position
Putting, it is the highest that roller longitudinally cuts shape small end, as boundary, the closer to border, oilstone thickness later half district (x take on the occasion of and increasingly
Greatly), a roller longitudinally section shape small end is raised the most;And towards border, oilstone thickness first half district (x take negative value and more and more less), roller
Longitudinally a section shape incline direction quickly becomes to hold greatly and raises and more and more higher.
According to the contact line on roller shown in Fig. 5, the oilstone that thickness is 6mm can be divided into such as Fig. 7 along its thickness direction
Shown 3 superfinishing districts, the biggest end margin superfinishing district, little end margin superfinishing district and non-edge superfinishing district.Big end margin superfinishing district
Roller material near oilstone material only end margin big to roller is ground, but, understand in conjunction with Fig. 6, due to thick along oilstone
It is different that degree direction various location roller longitudinally cuts shape angle of inclination, thus the roller material degree of depth that diverse location abrades is the most not
With, wherein the closer to the oilstone material on thickness border, the roller material degree of depth of removing is the biggest, with roller material removing its grind
Mill position is less susceptible in the middle part of roller move;And the closer to the oilstone material of mid-depth, the roller material degree of depth of removing is more
Little, move in the middle part of roller with its abrasion site of removing of roller material is the easiest, thus expand near so-called big end margin
Scope.The roller material of roller small end adjacent edges is only ground by the oilstone material in little end margin superfinishing district, and it abrades
The rule of roller material is similar to big end margin superfinishing district.Roller total length is ground by the oilstone material in non-edge superfinishing district.
As shown in Figure 7, the oilstone material in non-edge superfinishing district lacking, by basic for material abrasion rule more than big end and little end margin superfinishing district
Rule understands with the grinding that contacts of roller for oilstone, and the depth of material being abraded near roller edges at two ends is many more than middle part, because of
And convexity after roller superfinishing, can be formed.
Oilstone thickness corresponding for Fig. 7 is 6mm, if oilstone thickness being reduced to 4mm and keeping mid-depth invariant position,
Then obtain the superfinishing district shown in Fig. 8.Compared with Fig. 7, big end and the oilstone material in small end superfinishing district in Fig. 8 all decrease, and
And the position reducing oilstone material is all that corresponding roller longitudinally cuts the place that shape inclined degree is the highest, this makes near roller two
The roller material of end margin position decreases removing chance, thus affects the protuberance shape of roller.