CN106312690A - Circle center aligning method for aviation revolution part machining basic circle - Google Patents
Circle center aligning method for aviation revolution part machining basic circle Download PDFInfo
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- CN106312690A CN106312690A CN201610615388.5A CN201610615388A CN106312690A CN 106312690 A CN106312690 A CN 106312690A CN 201610615388 A CN201610615388 A CN 201610615388A CN 106312690 A CN106312690 A CN 106312690A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/22—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring existing or desired position of tool or work
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
Abstract
The invention relates to a circle center aligning method for an aviation revolution part machining basic circle. According to the aligning method, multi-point measurement is conducted on the circumference of the basic circle, a least square method principle is adopted for calculating a measuring point, coordinates of the circle center of the basic circle are obtained, and therefore the accurate position of the basic center of a machined part in a machine tool rotation table is quantized. Compared with traditional circumference four-point alignment or circumference jerk value alignment, the method is more scientific in principle and more accurate in result.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to aviation rotary part manufacture field, particularly aviation rotary part machining benchmark circle
Center of circle aligning method.
Background technology
In the course of processing of aviation rotary part, it is necessary first to reference center's point of part is carried out centering, pass
The aligning method of system is in the way of table played by lathe, measures the circumference of the machining benchmark of part to be processed, mainly has two ways,
The first carries out centering with the jerk value of the circumference of machining benchmark, it is stipulated that jerk value has been part when being not more than a certain numerical value
Centering.It two is by measuring 4 points symmetrical on the circumference of machining benchmark circle 1, to adjust two point of symmetry respectively to lathe rotation
The range difference of the table core (distance of the range difference of A Dian Dao center and A ' to center or B Dian Dao center and B ' to center
Difference) carry out centering, as shown in Figure 2.Saying from the angle of accurate quantification machining benchmark center, tradition aligning method can not
Accurately, the center of the physical location at the center of the machining benchmark circle of part to be processed and the basic circle of theory calls is truly reflected
Position deviation amount, because to beat in the benchmark judging part to be processed that table mode measures the round circumference jerk value of machining benchmark
Heart position on rotation workbench of machine tool, this judgement is actually rough, and jerk value simply reflects machining benchmark circle
The center of circle on rotation workbench of machine tool, be partial to some region of trend, and the particular location in the basic circle center of circle cannot be known, nothing
Method quantifies the departure at part actual machining benchmark center and the position of the reference center of theory calls, and becomes at centering thin-walled
During the reference center of shape part reference center and the bigger part of circularity the longest.Equally, point of symmetry are measured beating table mode
Method to rotation workbench of machine tool central difference is also inaccurate, because the symmetrical measurement point that centering is taken in this way
Randomness is big and samples on the low side, by different operators, same machining benchmark is carried out centering or is taken difference by same operator
Measuring the point same benchmark of centering, final part to be processed position on rotation workbench of machine tool is all different, this difference
Not caused by measurement error, but what aligning method itself was caused, and this difference certainly exists.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of aligning method being applicable to various aviation rotary part,
Can accurately, efficiently solve reference center's centering of the bigger situation of circularity of thin-walled deformation part and part to be processed basic circle
Problem.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the center of circle centering side of the aviation rotary part machining benchmark circle that the present invention provides
Method, comprises the steps:
A, set centering coordinate system SCS, and lathe is pressed centering coordinate system SCS back to zero;Part to be measured is substantially placed
In rotation workbench of machine tool center, i.e. revolving parts machining benchmark center O1 is big with rotation workbench of machine tool center O
Cause to overlap.
B, center to part carry out preliminary centering, beat table mode at centering seat by machine tool on-line measurement technology or tradition
Under mark system SCS, uniform measurement four point on the circumference of processed revolving parts machining benchmark circle, it is desirable to symmetrical 2 are arrived
The difference of the distance of machine tool rotary center O is less than 20mm, the most slightly compresses part to be processed, and thrust is with at centering
During machine tool motion time part is immovable is as the criterion.
C, with online metering system under centering coordinate system SCS, operating measurement program, at revolving parts machining benchmark
Circumference on uniform measure n put and by each coordinate points of recording with cartesian coordinate (x, y, z) or polar coordinate (r, θ) shape
Formula record, and be fitted calculating with method of least square by above-mentioned numerical value input computer, simulate this n and measure some institute structure
The circle become, and export a central coordinate of circle O1(x1, y1, z1), wherein n is the positive integer not less than 8;(the circle depending on machining benchmark circle
Depending on degree situation, the value of n is the biggest, and data measured is the most, it is thus achieved that data the most accurate).
D, lathe is pressed centering coordinate system SCS back to zero, remove thrust, with the processing of the part to be processed that step C obtains
The centre coordinate O1(x1 of benchmark, y1, z1) it is reference, the X direction under centering coordinate system SCS and Y direction targetedly
Upper adjust part position respectively;On Y direction of principal axis, table is first pressed, to the opposite direction moving parts of y1, the distance that need to move during adjustment
For absolute value y1, then pressing table on X direction of principal axis, to the opposite direction moving parts of x1, the distance that need to move is absolute value x1, with
Making the center of circle and the platen center superposition, the most slightly compressing component of machining benchmark circle, thrust is with during machine tool motion zero
Part is immovable to be as the criterion.
This fitting circle reflects the actual state of tested benchmark, and the central coordinate of circle of this basic circle is machining benchmark center O1
Position on rotation workbench of machine tool, because the central coordinate of circle that software matching is calculated is with institute in centering coordinate system SCS
The coordinate of n the point measured is that initial data carries out calculating, so the center of circle of the basic circle exported after fitting software calculating
Coordinate is exactly the center of circle of the machining benchmark circle of processed rotary part coordinate position 01(x in centering coordinate system SCS,
Y, z) or O1(r, θ).Again because the initial point of centering coordinate system overlaps with rotation workbench of machine tool center O, therefore this fitting circle center of circle
Coordinate is exactly the reference center of processed revolving parts position 01(x, y on rotation workbench of machine tool, z) or O1(r, θ)
。
The deviation at the reference center of part to be processed and rotation workbench of machine tool center is with the processing base after the matching of n point
True centric coordinate figure O1 represents, wherein the size of r value represents the degree that overlaps of O1 with O, and the least then O1 with O of this value overlaps
Property is the best.It addition, the concrete orientation that the machining benchmark center O1 of part to be processed is on rotation workbench of machine tool is with O1(x1, y1,
Z1) representing, x1, y 1 represents the center of circle X direction, Y on rotation workbench of machine tool of the machining benchmark circle of part to be processed respectively
Side-play amount on direction.
Further, in above-mentioned aligning method, further comprising the steps of: on the basis of step D, by centering coordinate system SCS
Back to zero, with online metering system under centering coordinate system SCS, operating measurement program, at the machining benchmark circumference of part to be processed
Upper the most uniform measuring n again and put and the coordinate points recorded calculated with method of least square method with fitting software again, matching makes new advances
Measure the new circle that point is constituted, and export central coordinate of circle O2 (x2, y2, z2) or O2(r2 for n, θ 2), operating personnel is with r2 value
For with reference to centering required value (i.e. in the center of circle of the basic circle of the part to be processed that technological procedure specify and rotation workbench of machine tool
The distance value of the heart) compare, if r2 is not more than centering required value, then centering terminates, if r2 is beyond requiring so to repeat
Aforesaid operations process meets the requirements to r2.
The technique effect of invention: the center of circle aligning method of the aviation rotary part machining benchmark circle of (1) present invention, phase
For prior art, after part machining benchmark circle is carried out multimetering, principle of least square method is used to draw the theory of this part
Center, compared to " 4 centerings of circumference " or " circumference jerk value centering " principle more science, it is thus achieved that result more accurate;(2)
First use 4 centerings to primarily determine that the approximate location in the center of circle of slewing parts basic circle before centering, decrease the adjustment time;
(3) the method use secondary centering verify, it is thus achieved that accuracy higher.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with Figure of description, the present invention is described in further detail:
Fig. 1 is the centering schematic diagram of a kind of centre coordinate of prior art;
Fig. 2 is the centering schematic diagram of the another kind of centre coordinate of prior art;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the center of circle aligning method of the aviation rotary part machining benchmark circle of the present invention.
In figure: basic circle 1, annulus 2 of beating, measure point 3, basic circle profile 4 after matching, machining benchmark center O1, rotate
Table core O.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1 is as it is shown on figure 3, the present embodiment is carried out with the center of circle aligning method of a kind of ring-shaped work pieces machining benchmark circle
Illustrating, concrete steps include:
A, carry out ring-shaped work pieces just filling, set centering coordinate system SCS, and (the survey of centering coordinate system SCS back to zero press by lathe
Range sequence zero and rotation workbench of machine tool center superposition);By placing part at rotation workbench of machine tool center so that it is base
Director circle center is substantially returned with platen with rotation workbench of machine tool center superposition, i.e. the center O1 of part machining benchmark circle
Turn center O and substantially overlap (uniform measurement four point on part circumference, symmetrical 2 differences to the distances of machine tool rotary center O
Less than 20mm);Being fixed by part with pressing plate, slightly compressing component, thrust is with during centering during machine tool motion zero
Part is immovable to be as the criterion.
B, in centering coordinate system SCS by rotation workbench of machine tool back to zero, with online metering system in centering coordinate system
In SCS, operating measurement program, 36 points of uniform measurement on the circumference of part machining benchmark circle, gained coordinate figure uses pole
Coordinate form record, sees table 1.
The first measurement data table of table 1
Sequence number | R/mm | θ/° | Sequence number | R/mm | θ/° | Sequence number | R/mm | θ/° |
1 | 281.775 | 0 | 13 | 282.153 | 120 | 25 | 282.102 | 240 |
2 | 281.832 | 10 | 14 | 282.186 | 130 | 26 | 282.024 | 250 |
3 | 281.881 | 20 | 15 | 282.232 | 140 | 27 | 281.948 | 260 |
4 | 281.926 | 30 | 16 | 282.287 | 150 | 28 | 281.867 | 270 |
5 | 281.975 | 40 | 17 | 282.344 | 160 | 29 | 281.784 | 280 |
6 | 282.016 | 50 | 18 | 282.391 | 170 | 30 | 281.703 | 290 |
7 | 282.044 | 60 | 19 | 282.411 | 180 | 31 | 281.632 | 300 |
8 | 282.062 | 70 | 20 | 282.408 | 190 | 32 | 281.581 | 310 |
9 | 282.077 | 80 | 21 | 282.381 | 200 | 33 | 281.572 | 320 |
10 | 282.092 | 90 | 22 | 282.336 | 210 | 34 | 281.594 | 330 |
11 | 282.105 | 100 | 23 | 282.277 | 220 | 35 | 281.646 | 340 |
12 | 282.123 | 110 | 24 | 282.197 | 230 | 36 | 281.712 | 350 |
The above-mentioned data recorded use method of least square is fitted circle calculating, it is thus achieved that the radius of circle R of basic circle is
282.01874, center of circle O1 coordinate represents (x1, y1) with cartesian coordinate form :-0.31381,0.12669 or with polar coordinate shape
Formula represents (r, θ): 0.33842,21.98 °.
C, by basic circle central coordinate of circle adjust clamping, by rotation workbench of machine tool back to zero in centering coordinate system SCS,
The X negative direction pressure lever indicator of part basic circle, the central coordinate of circle X ≈ 0.31 (0.31381) of benchmark circle, moves
Dynamic part is to X=0;Y positive direction at part basic circle presses lever indicator, the central coordinate of circle Y ≈ 0.13 of benchmark circle
(0.12669), moving parts is to Y=0;Being fixed by part with pressing plate, slightly compressing component, thrust is with machine during centering
During bed motion, part is immovable is as the criterion.
D, double measurement sampling site calculate the new coordinate in the part basic circle center of circle, are rotated by lathe in centering coordinate system SCS
Workbench back to zero, reruns machine tool measuring program, 36 points of uniform measurement on the circumference of part machining benchmark circle, gained
Coordinate figure uses polar form record, sees table 2.
Table 2 double measurement tables of data
Sequence number | R/mm | θ/° | Sequence number | R/mm | θ/° | Sequence number | R/mm | θ/° |
1 | 282.080 | 0 | 13 | 281.893 | 120 | 25 | 282.068 | 240 |
2 | 282.110 | 10 | 14 | 281.897 | 130 | 26 | 282.047 | 250 |
3 | 282.123 | 20 | 15 | 281.922 | 140 | 27 | 282.027 | 260 |
4 | 282.126 | 30 | 16 | 281.965 | 150 | 28 | 281.999 | 270 |
5 | 282.126 | 40 | 17 | 282.021 | 160 | 29 | 281.965 | 280 |
6 | 282.114 | 50 | 18 | 282.077 | 170 | 30 | 281.929 | 290 |
7 | 282.085 | 60 | 19 | 282.114 | 180 | 31 | 281.895 | 300 |
8 | 282.045 | 70 | 20 | 282.140 | 190 | 32 | 281.874 | 310 |
9 | 282.004 | 80 | 21 | 282.148 | 200 | 33 | 281.887 | 320 |
10 | 281.964 | 90 | 22 | 282.145 | 210 | 34 | 281.921 | 330 |
11 | 281.926 | 100 | 23 | 282.135 | 220 | 35 | 281.974 | 340 |
12 | 281.901 | 110 | 24 | 282.107 | 230 | 36 | 282.032 | 350 |
The above-mentioned data recorded use method of least square is fitted circle calculating, it is thus achieved that the radius of circle R of basic circle is
282.02185, center of circle O2 coordinate represents (x2, y2) with cartesian coordinate form :-0.01405 ,-0.00271, or with polar coordinate
Form represents (r2, θ 2): 0.01431 ,-10.93 °.
The centering deviation that basic circle central coordinate of circle and technological procedure require is compared (stipulated standard circle in technological procedure
The center of circle is not more than 0.02 with the deviation of rotary table center X, Y), its result meets processing request, compressing component, clamping mistake
Journey terminates.
Obviously, above-described embodiment is only for clearly demonstrating example of the present invention, and not to the present invention
The restriction of embodiment.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also be made it on the basis of the above description
The change of its multi-form or variation.Here without also cannot all of embodiment be given exhaustive.And these belong to this
What bright spirit was extended out obviously changes or changes among still in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. the center of circle aligning method of an aviation rotary part machining benchmark circle, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
A, set centering coordinate system SCS, and lathe is pressed centering coordinate system SCS back to zero;Part to be measured is substantially placed
Heart position in rotation workbench of machine tool, the i.e. center of circle O1 of rotary part machining benchmark circle are turned round with platen
Center O substantially overlaps;
B, the center of circle justifying part machining benchmark carry out preliminary centering, beat table mode by machine tool on-line measurement or tradition, are looking for
Under Cartesian coordinate system SCS, uniform measurement four point on the circumference of the machining benchmark circle of processed rotary part, it is desirable to right
Claim 2 differences to the distances of machine tool rotary center O less than 20mm, the most slightly compress part to be processed, thrust with
During centering, during machine tool motion, part is immovable is as the criterion;
C, with online metering system under centering coordinate system SCS, operating measurement program, rotary part machining benchmark circle
Circumference on uniform measure n put and by each coordinate points of recording with cartesian coordinate (x, y, z) or polar coordinate (r, θ) shape
Formula record, and be fitted calculating with method of least square by above-mentioned numerical value input computer, simulate this n and measure some institute structure
The circle become, and exports central coordinate of circle, and this central coordinate of circle is the center of circle of part machining benchmark circle, i.e. machining benchmark center O1(x1,
Y1, z1);Wherein n is the positive integer not less than 8;
D, lathe is pressed centering coordinate system SCS back to zero, remove thrust, with the machining benchmark of the part to be processed that step C obtains
The central coordinate of circle O1(x1 of circle, y1, z1) it is reference, X direction under centering coordinate system SCS and Y direction adjust zero respectively
Part position;First pressing table during adjustment on Y direction of principal axis, to the opposite direction moving parts of y1, the distance that need to move is absolute value y1,
Pressing table again on X direction of principal axis, to the opposite direction moving parts of x1, the distance that need to move is absolute value x1, so that machining benchmark circle
The center of circle and platen center superposition, the most slightly compressing component, thrust so that part during machine tool motion is immovable is
Accurate.
The center of circle aligning method of aviation rotary part machining benchmark the most according to claim 1 circle, it is characterised in that
Also comprise the steps: on the basis of step D, by centering coordinate system SCS back to zero, with online metering system at centering coordinate
Be under SCS, operating measurement program, part to be processed machining benchmark circle circumference on uniform measure again n point and will survey
The coordinate points obtained calculates with method of least square method with fitting software again, and matching makes new advances n and measures the new circle that point is constituted,
And export central coordinate of circle O2 (x2, y2, z2) or O2(r2, θ 2), x2, y2 or r2 value is carried out by operating personnel with centering required value
Relatively;If difference r2 is within the limits prescribed, i.e. difference is not more than centering required value, then centering terminates, if difference r2 is beyond wanting
Ask, then repeat aforesaid operations process and meet the requirements to difference.
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