CN106312686A

CN106312686A - Indexing fixture

Info

Publication number: CN106312686A
Application number: CN201610950737.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄昌镜
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2015-01-28
Filing date: 2015-01-28
Publication date: 2017-01-11
Also published as: CN106217091A; CN104625871A; CN106425683A; CN104625871B; CN106346311A; CN106363441A; CN106378664A; CN106181573A

Abstract

The invention provides an indexing fixture. According to the indexing fixture, after a workpiece is loaded to a supporting device, a compaction hydraulic cylinder firstly acts to roughly compact the workpiece, a link rod is then operated to perform feeding, the workpiece is further tightly compacted, a gap produced through acting positioning of the compaction hydraulic cylinder is filled up through fine compaction, the positioning accuracy is improved, and effects of reducing vibration and improving machining precision during machining of the workpiece are realized accordingly. Meanwhile, energy absorbed by an elastic energy accumulator is used for maintaining pressure, that is, accumulated pressure is released when hydraulic pressure is reduced due to leakage, so that pressure required by workpiece positioning is compensated, the indexing fixture can work normally, and radial force hazard and potential safety hazard caused by the leakage are postponed.

Description

Indexing fixture

The application is to Chinese invention number of patent application: 201510043907.0, the applying date: on January 28th, 2015, name Claim: the divisional application of indexing fixture.

Technical field

The present invention relates to fixture, especially relate to lathe supporting for the fixture to workpiece indexing processing.

Background technology

The Chinese patent of Patent No. 201420111322.9, the indexing fixture of record, including clamp body, clamp body has Accommodating space, workpiece is loaded among receiving space, and clamp body is provided with supporting arrangement and hold down gag, and supporting arrangement is used for supporting Workpiece, it, after supporting arrangement supporting workpiece, is applied to complete location after pressure makes Work-sheet pressing by hold down gag.This technical scheme The defect that presently, there are is different because of workpiece, and surface irregularity, and hold down gag is because only compressing hydraulic cylinder Thick pressuring action, cause existing between its pressing plate and workpiece inessential gap error, affect machining accuracy, setting accuracy is not Foot.And owing to existing pressing plate turns round together with workpiece, the pressing plate hold down gag to being in contact with it can apply radial force, especially Be this radial force can be delivered to compress hydraulic cylinder piston rod, cause between piston rod and piston produce radial clearance so that liquid Densification front cover produces to be revealed, and pressure declines, and compression action was lost efficacy, extreme influence machining accuracy, and brought potential safety hazard.

Summary of the invention

For overcoming drawbacks described above, the indexing fixture that the present invention provides, on the basis of thick pressuring action, set up pressure-sizing tightly make With, reduce the inessential gap behind location, improve setting accuracy, and automatically can mend pressing pressure when hydraulic pressure is revealed Repay, reduce the radial force impact brought because of revolution.

The indexing fixture that the present invention provides, including clamp body, clamp body has receiving space, and clamp body is provided with supporting arrangement And hold down gag, hold down gag includes pressing plate, compresses hydraulic cylinder, piston rod, link rod, compresses hydraulic cylinder and the fixing dress of clamp body Joining, piston rod is pressed against hydraulic cylinder axially movable assembling, and piston rod is ordered about axial activity, link rod and piston by compressing hydraulic cylinder Bar axial restraint assembles, link rod and the axially opposing roll adjustment of piston rod, and link rod and the assembling of pressing plate axial restraint, pressing plate returns relative to link rod Turning assembling, compress hydraulic cylinder and include piston, piston rod is ordered about axial activity by piston, and piston rod includes piston rod convex shoulder, piston It is provided with elastic accumulator, elastic accumulator and piston rod convex shoulder between bar convex shoulder and piston and abuts assembling, elastic accumulator and work Plug abuts assembling.

The indexing fixture provided according to the present invention, after workpiece is loaded into supporting arrangement, compressed hydraulic cylinder action before this, right Workpiece carries out thick pressuring action, the most again by handling link rod feeding, is closely compressed by workpiece further, and essence pressuring action is filled up Compress the gap of hydraulic cylinder operating position fixing, improve setting accuracy, and then play reduction vibrations when work pieces process, improve processing The effect of precision.The energy that elastic accumulator is absorbed simultaneously is used to pressurize, is i.e. to cause under hydraulic pressure because of leakage Discharge the pressure put aside during fall, to compensate the pressure required for workpiece location, make indexing fixture normally to work, delay because letting out The radial force that dew causes endangers and potential safety hazard.

Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the structure chart after indexing fixture embodiment loads workpiece.

Fig. 2 is one of axonometric chart of indexing fixture embodiment.

Fig. 3 is the two of the axonometric chart of indexing fixture embodiment.

Fig. 4 is the structure chart of indexing fixture embodiment.

Fig. 5 is that the A-A of Fig. 4 is to sectional view.

Fig. 6 is schematic enlarged-scale view at indexing fixture embodiment A.

Fig. 7 is the structure chart after Fig. 6 dismantles rolling ball body 350.

Fig. 8 is indexing fixture embodiment link rod 340 and rolling ball body 350 the second assembling structure.

Fig. 9 is the structure chart of the base 270 of indexing fixture embodiment.

Detailed description of the invention

According to Fig. 1 to Fig. 4, Fig. 6 to Fig. 8, the indexing fixture embodiment of the present invention, including clamp body 100, clamp body 100 have receiving space 900, and clamp body 100 is provided with supporting arrangement 200 and hold down gag 300, and hold down gag 300 includes pressing plate 310, compress hydraulic cylinder 320, piston rod 330, link rod 340, compress hydraulic cylinder 320 and the fixing assembling of clamp body 100, piston rod 330 are pressed against the most movable assembling of hydraulic cylinder 320, and piston rod 330 is ordered about axial activity, link rod 340 by compressing hydraulic cylinder 320 Assembling with piston rod 330 axial restraint, link rod 340 and the axially opposing roll adjustment of piston rod 330, link rod 340 and pressing plate 310 are axially solid Fixed assembling, the revolution assembling of pressing plate 310 relative link rod 340, compress hydraulic cylinder 320 and include piston 321, piston rod 330 is by piston 321 Ordering about axial activity, piston rod 330 includes piston rod convex shoulder 332, is provided with elastic storage between piston rod convex shoulder 332 and piston 321 Energy device 360, elastic accumulator 360 and piston rod convex shoulder 332 abut assembling, elastic accumulator 360 and piston 321 and abut assembling.

Accommodating space 900 is the space for loading workpiece 800, and workpiece 800 is loaded into receiving from the top of clamp body 100 In space 900.

Piston rod 330 is pressed against the most movable assembling of hydraulic cylinder 320, and piston rod 330 is the piston compressing hydraulic cylinder 320 Bar, is fixedly mounted at clamp body 100 owing to compressing hydraulic cylinder 320, and piston rod 330 is with regard to the compression hydraulic cylinder of geo-stationary 320 is axially movable, and therefore piston rod 330 is pressed against the most movable assembling of hydraulic cylinder 320 to be construed as piston rod 330 permissible It is pressed against hydraulic cylinder 320 the most movable, and it is ordered about by compressing hydraulic cylinder 320.

Link rod 340 and the assembling of piston rod 330 axial restraint, link rod 340 and the axially opposing roll adjustment of piston rod 330, refer to connection Both bar 340 and piston rod 330 have axial interaction relation to have again axially opposing shifted relationship, link rod 340 and piston rod 330 to be can To be ordered about the axially common interaction relation retreated by compressing hydraulic cylinder 320, link rod 340 again can independent opposing pistons bar simultaneously 330 axially retreat, and are consequently formed both axially opposing roll adjustments, and the linkage of link rod 340 and piston rod 330 is i.e. so-called to work Part slightly compresses action, and the independent roll adjustment of link rod 340 opposing pistons bar 330 is i.e. so-called to workpiece essence pressuring action.

Link rod 340 and the assembling of pressing plate 310 axial restraint, the revolution assembling of pressing plate 310 relative link rod 340, refer to link rod 340 He Both pressing plates 310 have interaction relation to have again relative revolution relation, link rod 340 and pressing plate 310 can also be driven by compressing hydraulic cylinder 320 Making the most common interaction relation retreated, pressing plate 310 can individually turn round relative to link rod 340 again simultaneously.

Piston rod convex shoulder 332 can be considered as the bulge loop that piston rod 330 outer wall is set up, and piston 321 is socketed in piston rod 330 On, piston 321 promotes piston rod convex shoulder 332 by elastic accumulator 360, elastic accumulator 360 under piston 321 acts on gradually Deformation, until it reaches critical equilibrium point starts axial advancement together with piston rod 330, when hydraulic pressure is revealed, elastic accumulator 360 The energy absorbed is used to pressurize, is i.e. because of stretching, extension when leakage causes hydraulic pressure to decline, the pressure put aside with release Power, compensates the pressure required for workpiece location, makes embodiment normally to work.

The butterfly spring that elastic accumulator 360 is the most common, but be not limited to this, any is elastic, can be by Pressure is converted into the device of elastic potential energy can substitute it.

As shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, relative link rod 340 rolling friction of pressing plate 310 is assembled.Refer between both is relative Displacement Contact is completely converted into rolling friction, specifically, is when pressing plate 310 turns round together with workpiece 800, pressing plate 310 phase A little radial displacement to link rod 340, reduces pressing plate 310 by rolling friction each other and puts on the footpath of link rod 340 Negatively affect to power, keep the axial concentricity of link rod 340, and then improve machining accuracy.Especially, it should be noted that, link rod Between 340 with pressing plate 310, only rolling friction contacts, and does not has other contact site the most between the two.

Between link rod 340 and the pressing plate 310 of the present embodiment, there is rolling ball body 350, rolling ball body 350 and link rod 340 to support Tipping is joined, and rolling ball body 350 and pressing plate 310 abut assembling.

It is prone to dismounting and maintenance, favorably it may be said that rolling ball body 350 is exactly a ball ball, preferably rolling ball body 350 In reducing cost.But the abutting relation between link rod 340 and pressing plate 310 should be defined to rolling ball body 350, because only Want to realize both rolling friction.

Link rod 340 is provided with yoke plate groove 341, and rolling ball body 350 assembles with yoke plate groove 341 matched in clearance.Yoke plate groove 341 is to have It is beneficial to a kind of structure of dismounting maintenance, is certainly used as other mechanism and is replaced.Such as, as shown in Figure 8, can be at link rod 340 set up a lateral pin 349, and lateral pin 349 two ends and link rod 340 fix assembling, and rolling ball body 350 is provided with a through hole 355, lateral pin 349 is passed the through hole 355 of this rolling ball body 350, rolling ball body 350 can rotate relative to lateral pin 349, completes to roll Spheroid 350 and the assembling of link rod 340, simply compare yoke plate groove 341 like that and cost, and dismounting maintenance cost pole can be greatly improved High.

Link rod 340 be sequentially provided with abutting end 342, thread segment 343 and control end 344, abutting end 342 towards pressing plate 310, Thread segment 343 and the assembling of piston rod 330 threaded engagement, control end 344 towards cavity 331, the through assembling of cavity 331 and the external world, Abutting end 342 is provided with link rod end face 345, yoke plate groove 341 and packing ring 346, and pressing plate 310 is provided with lasso 311, and lasso 311 is relative Link rod 340 socket assembling, lasso 311 and the fixing assembling of pressing plate 310, lasso 311 and the assembling of packing ring 346 axial restraint, yoke plate groove 341 have the circular port 347 being positioned at link rod end face 345, and circular port 347 diameter is less than rolling ball body 350 diameter, yoke plate groove 341 Axial depth is more than 1/2nd of rolling ball body 350 diameter, and yoke plate groove 341 axial depth is less than rolling ball body 350 diameter, control End 344 processed includes that yi word pattern groove 348 or cross groove, yi word pattern groove or cross groove face are to cavity 331.

It is to be axially disengaging link rod that the structure of yoke plate groove 341 and the size of rolling ball body 350 determine rolling ball body 350 The permanent assembly relation of 340.Link rod 340 two ends are respectively set to the abutting end 342 coordinated with pressing plate 310, and are grasped by workman The control end 344 made, thread segment 343 arranges external screw thread and piston rod 330 threaded engagement, pressing plate 310 and link rod 340 by respectively The lasso 311 and the packing ring 346 that arrange complete axial restraint, can get involved cavity 331 with operation instrument such as screwdriver etc. from the external world, Yi word pattern groove 348 or the cross groove of operation control end 344 facilitate turn link rod 340 so that it is can be relative with piston rod 330 Roll adjustment.

As shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, piston rod 330 includes cavity 331, the most movable dress of link rod 340 opposing cavities 331 Join, link rod 340 and the assembling of piston rod 330 threaded engagement.Piston rod 330 is the tubular of hollow, and it is internally formed cavity 331, connection The most movable assembling of bar 340 opposing cavities 331, refers to that cavity 331 is static, and link rod 340 axially can be lived among cavity 331 Dynamic, link rod 340 and the assembling of piston rod 330 threaded engagement so that as long as turn link rod 340, link rod 340 can be obtained relative to work The effect that stopper rod 330 is the most movable, simple in construction and reasonable, simultaneously facilitate assembling.

As shown in Figure 4, the corresponding portion during supporting arrangement 200 also refers to the Chinese patent of existing 201420111322.9 Sub-agencies, it includes oscillating motor 210, connecting plate 220, location-plate 230, locked hydraulic cylinder 240, dynamic gear ring 250 and quiet Gear ring 260, oscillating motor 210 and the fixing assembling of clamp body 100, locked hydraulic cylinder 240 and the fixing assembling of clamp body 100, even The revolution assembling of fishplate bar 220 opposing oscillatory hydraulic cylinder 210, connecting plate 220 is ordered about revolution, connecting plate 220 He by oscillating motor 210 The fixing assembling of location-plate 230, connecting plate 220 and the fixing assembling of dynamic gear ring 250, locked hydraulic cylinder 240 and the fixing dress of clamp body 100 Joining, the quiet the most movable assembling of the relative locked hydraulic cylinder of gear ring 260 240, quiet gear ring 260 is ordered about by locked hydraulic cylinder 240 and axially lives Dynamic, quiet gear ring 260 and dynamic gear ring 250 include abutting lockup state and departing from released state.

The revolution assembling of connecting plate 220 opposing oscillatory hydraulic cylinder 210, refers to that connecting plate 220 is arranged on oscillating motor 210 On piston rod, and then turned round by its oscillating motor 210 ordering about geo-stationary, it is meant that as long as oscillating motor 210 drives Connecting plate 220 turns round, and the location-plate 230 together with fixing with connecting plate 220 and dynamic gear ring 250 can be driven to turn round simultaneously, Or even location-plate 230 and workpiece 800 the most together turn round.Compress piston rod and the piston rod of oscillating motor 210 of hydraulic cylinder 320 Center alignment, the concentric installation in a horizontal straight line.

The quiet the most movable assembling of the relative locked hydraulic cylinder of gear ring 260 240, refers to the quiet relative locked hydraulic cylinder 240 of gear ring 260 Can be axially movable, because quiet gear ring 260 is arranged on the piston rod of locked hydraulic cylinder 240, the most quiet gear ring 260 is by locked hydraulic cylinder 240 order about axial activity.Abutting lockup state between quiet gear ring 260 and dynamic gear ring 250 and depart from released state, be its be logical Cross what following principle realized: when quiet gear ring 260 is in the released state of the dynamic gear ring 250 of disengaging, say, that dynamic gear ring now 250 is rotatable；When the piston rod of locked hydraulic cylinder 240 promotes the feeding of quiet gear ring 260 until it is connected to dynamic gear ring 250 Time, the revolution trend of dynamic gear ring 250 is just stoped by quiet gear ring 260, defines the quiet gear ring 260 latch functions to dynamic gear ring 250.

It is in order at equally and improves operation stability and reduce the consideration of processing vibration, the dynamic gear ring 250 of the present embodiment and quiet Gear ring 260 is all installed centered by oscillating motor 210 with one heart, and and the Chinese patent of existing 201420111322.9 Equally, three locked hydraulic cylinders 240 of what clamp body 100 was provided with on the circumference being evenly distributed on quiet gear ring 260, quiet gear ring 260 Order about axial feed under effect at three locked hydraulic cylinders 240 simultaneously.

Specially remark additionally: oscillating motor 210, locked hydraulic cylinder 240, compression this three of hydraulic cylinder 320 and folder The fixing assembling of concrete 100, is fixed on clamp body 100 all referring to the cylinder body of three is static, and the piston rod of three is relative Its cylinder body activity.Locked hydraulic cylinder 240, compression hydraulic cylinder 320 are belonging to straight reciprocating motion formula hydraulic cylinder, and swing hydraulic pressure Cylinder 210 belongs to gyroscopic pendulum dynamic formula hydraulic cylinder, is all hydraulic cylinder common on market.

As shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 9, supporting arrangement 200 includes that base 270, base 270 include stopper slot 271, rest pad 272 and axial slope 273, rest pad 272 and workpiece abut assembling, the most movable assembling of pressing plate 310 relative limit groove 271, Axial slope 273 and the fixing assembling of base 270, the most movable assembling of axial slope 273 respect thereto 270, rest pad 272 is relative The radially movable assembling of base 270, rest pad 272 and axial slope 273 abut assembling.

It can be seen that workpiece 800 is the supporting-point with three directions in an embodiment, it is the location-plate in left side respectively 230, the pressing plate 310 on right side, and the rest pad 272 of downside, rest pad 272 is interpreted as positioning the big weight of some large volume The super positioner set up of workpiece, strengthen the degree of accuracy of location.Stopper slot 271 is opened in base 270 surface, the present embodiment It is that the lower end of pressing plate 310 is assemblied in stopper slot 271, pressing plate 310 and stopper slot 271 matched in clearance, spacing by stopper slot 271 both sides Acting on, pressing plate 310 axially can only be retreated in stopper slot 271, and therefore this is that pressing plate 310 relative limit groove 271 is the most movable The lexical or textual analysis of assembling.Axial slope 273 refers to the inclined-plane axially gradually tilted along piston rod 330.Axial slope 273 and base 270 fixing assemblings, the most movable assembling of axial slope 273 respect thereto 270, is also the axial same direction with piston rod 330, Refer to the existing locking state being fixed together of both axial slope 273 and base 270, have again and can mutually axially move between the two The released state of position.Rest pad 272 and axial slope 273 abut assembling, refer to that both are in abutting contact after mounting.So The base 270 of axial slope 273 geo-stationary during released state is the most movable, and then promotes rest pad 272 the most oblique Face 273 lifts, and then changes the rest pad 272 height relative to base 270, again by axial slope 273 and the end after adjustment Seat 270 lockings fixed with each other, in order to adjust workpiece 800 height, and adapt to the demand of different workpieces.

It is emphasized that the present embodiment is to use base 270 to fix, and axial slope 273 activity in base 270 Structure.Axial slope 273 can also be used static, and make base 270 the most movable, and then promote the structure of rest pad 272, but Be must solve like that be rest pad 272 move axially error, it is therefore necessary to set up again for rest pad on base 270 The axial displacement compensation device of 272, moves axially error with compensate rest pad 272, though feasible scheme, cost Gao Qi.

As shown in Figure 5, Figure 9, base 270 includes radially slideway 274, axial slideway 275 and slide block 276, radially slideway 274 and axial slideway 275 be mutually communicated assembling, the rest pad 272 relatively radially radially movable assembling of slideway 274, slide block 276 is relative The axially the most movable assembling of slideway 275, slide block 276 includes slide block abutting end 276a and slide block locking end 276b, axial slope 273 It is positioned at slide block abutting end 276a, slide block locking end 276b and includes slider locks pin (not indicating in figure) and elastic expansion hole 276c, sliding Block stop pin (not indicating in figure) and elastic expansion hole 276c include swelling lockup state and shrinkage porosite released state.

Because the present embodiment is to use base 270 to fix, then rest pad 272 is acted on relative to static by axial slope 273 Radial direction slideway 274 radially movable, slider locks pin (not indicating in figure) is manually-operated.So-called swelling lockup state and Shrinkage porosite released state, its purpose is provided to make slide block 276 the most movable to adjust rest pad 272 relative to base 270 Height and position, after adjustment, can deeply insert elastic expansion hole 276c by slider locks pin (not indicating in figure), until elastic expansion Hole 276c expands and struts, and abuts generation friction with the wall of axial slideway 275 and forms lockup state, needs to change rest pad 272 Highly, it is only necessary to slider locks pin (not indicating in figure) pulls away elastic expansion hole 276c, elastic expansion hole 276c can be made to shrink, thus Release the unlocking motion of the slide block 276 that rubbed.

Claims

1. indexing fixture, including clamp body (100), clamp body (100) has receiving space (900), and clamp body (100) is provided with and props up Bearing apparatus (200) and hold down gag (300), it is characterised in that:

Hold down gag (300) includes pressing plate (310), compresses hydraulic cylinder (320), piston rod (330), link rod (340), compresses hydraulic pressure Cylinder (320) and the fixing assembling of clamp body (100), piston rod (330) is pressed against the most movable assembling of hydraulic cylinder (320), piston Bar (330) is ordered about axial activity, link rod (340) and the assembling of piston rod (330) axial restraint, link rod by compressing hydraulic cylinder (320) (340) and piston rod (330) axially opposing roll adjustment,

Link rod (340) and the assembling of pressing plate (310) axial restraint, pressing plate (310) link rod (340) revolution assembling relatively, compress hydraulic pressure Cylinder (320) includes piston (321), and piston rod (330) is ordered about axial activity by piston (321), and piston rod (330) includes piston rod Convex shoulder (332), is provided with elastic accumulator (360) between piston rod convex shoulder (332) and piston (321), elastic accumulator (360) and Piston rod convex shoulder (332) abuts assembling, elastic accumulator (360) and piston (321) and abuts assembling,

Piston rod (330) includes cavity (331), the most movable assembling of link rod (340) opposing cavities (331), link rod (340) and work Stopper rod (330) threaded engagement is assembled,

Pressing plate (310) link rod (340) rolling friction assembling relatively,

There is between link rod (340) and pressing plate (310) rolling ball body (350), rolling ball body (350) and link rod (340) and abut dress Joining, rolling ball body (350) and pressing plate (310) abut assembling,

Link rod (340) includes that lateral pin (349), lateral pin (349) two ends and link rod (340) fix assembling, and rolling ball body (350) wraps Including through hole (355), lateral pin (349) passes through hole (355), and rolling ball body (350) can rotate assembling relative to lateral pin (349),

Supporting arrangement (200) includes that base (270), base (270) include stopper slot (271), rest pad (272) and the most oblique Face (273), rest pad (272) and workpiece abut assembling, the most movable assembling of pressing plate (310) relative limit groove (271), the most tiltedly Face (273) and the fixing assembling of base (270), the most movable assembling of axial slope (273) respect thereto (270), rest pad (272) Respect thereto (270) radially movable assembling, rest pad (272) and axial slope (273) abut assembling.

Indexing fixture the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: base (270) includes radially slideway (274), axial slideway (275) and slide block (276), radially slideway (274) and axial slideway (275) are mutually communicated assembling, rest pad (272) phase diameter To slideway (274) radially movable assembling, the most movable assembling of slide block (276) slideway to axial (275), slide block (276) includes Slide block abutting end (276a) and slide block locking end (276b), axial slope (273) is positioned at slide block abutting end (276a), slide block locking End (276b) includes that slider locks pin and elastic expansion hole (276c), slider locks pin and elastic expansion hole (276c) include swelling locking State and shrinkage porosite released state.

3. according to the indexing fixture of claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: elastic accumulator (360) is butterfly spring.

4. according to the indexing fixture of claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: piston rod convex shoulder (332) is piston rod (330) outer wall The bulge loop set up.