CN104625871B

CN104625871B - Indexing fixture

Info

Publication number: CN104625871B
Application number: CN201510043907.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄昌镜
Original assignee: 黄昌镜
Current assignee: Jiangsu Fengbao Metallurgical Equipment Co.,Ltd.
Priority date: 2015-01-28
Filing date: 2015-01-28
Publication date: 2017-01-04
Anticipated expiration: 2035-01-28
Also published as: CN106378664A; CN106346311A; CN106425683A; CN106181573A; CN104625871A; CN106217091A; CN106312686A; CN106363441A

Abstract

The indexing fixture that the present invention provides, after workpiece is loaded into supporting arrangement, compressed hydraulic cylinder action before this, workpiece is carried out thick pressuring action, the most again by handling link rod feeding, further workpiece is closely compressed, essence pressuring action fills up the gap compressing hydraulic cylinder operating position fixing, improve setting accuracy, and then play reduction vibrations when work pieces process, improve the effect of machining accuracy.The energy that elastic accumulator is absorbed simultaneously is used to pressurize, it is i.e. because discharging, when revealing and cause hydraulic pressure to decline, the pressure put aside, to compensate the pressure required for workpiece location, make indexing fixture normally to work, delay because revealing the radial force harm and potential safety hazard caused.

Description

Indexing fixture

Technical field

The present invention relates to fixture, especially relate to lathe supporting for the fixture to workpiece indexing processing.

Background technology

The Chinese patent of Patent No. 201420111322.9, the indexing fixture of record, including clamp body, folder Specifically having receiving space, workpiece is loaded among receiving space, and clamp body is provided with supporting arrangement and compresses dress Putting, supporting arrangement is used for supporting workpiece, and hold down gag, after supporting arrangement supporting workpiece, applies pressure to it Location is completed after making Work-sheet pressing.The defect that this technical scheme presently, there are is different because of workpiece, and Surface irregularity, and hold down gag because only have compress hydraulic cylinder thick pressuring action, cause its pressing plate and There is inessential gap error between workpiece, affect machining accuracy, setting accuracy is not enough.And due to existing Some pressing plates turn round together with workpiece, and the pressing plate hold down gag to being in contact with it can apply radial force, especially This radial force can be delivered to compress the piston rod of hydraulic cylinder, causes producing between piston rod and piston radial clearance, The hydraulic packing face of making produces reveals, and pressure declines, and compression action was lost efficacy, extreme influence machining accuracy, and Bring potential safety hazard.

Summary of the invention

For overcoming drawbacks described above, the indexing fixture that the present invention provides, on the basis of thick pressuring action, set up essence Pressuring action, reduces the inessential gap behind location, improves setting accuracy, and can be when hydraulic pressure is revealed pair Press pressure automatically to compensate, reduce the radial force impact brought because of revolution.

The indexing fixture that the present invention provides, including clamp body, clamp body has receiving space, and clamp body is provided with Supporting arrangement and hold down gag, hold down gag includes pressing plate, compresses hydraulic cylinder, piston rod, link rod, compresses Hydraulic cylinder and the fixing assembling of clamp body, piston rod is pressed against hydraulic cylinder axially movable assembling, piston rod pressurized Tight hydraulic cylinder orders about axial activity, link rod and the assembling of piston rod axial restraint, and link rod and piston rod are axially opposing Roll adjustment, link rod and the assembling of pressing plate axial restraint, pressing plate, relative to link rod revolution assembling, compresses hydraulic cylinder and includes living Plug, piston rod is ordered about axial activity by piston, and piston rod includes piston rod convex shoulder, piston rod convex shoulder and piston Between be provided with elastic accumulator, elastic accumulator and piston rod convex shoulder abut assembling, elastic accumulator and piston Abut assembling.

The indexing fixture provided according to the present invention, after workpiece is loaded into supporting arrangement, compressed hydraulic cylinder before this Action, carries out thick pressuring action to workpiece, the most again by handling link rod feeding, further that workpiece is tight Compressing, essence pressuring action fills up the gap compressing hydraulic cylinder operating position fixing, improves setting accuracy, Jin Er Play reduction vibrations during work pieces process, improve the effect of machining accuracy.Elastic accumulator is absorbed simultaneously Energy is used to pressurize, is i.e. at the pressure put aside because of release when leakage causes hydraulic pressure to decline, to mend Repay the pressure required for workpiece location, make indexing fixture normally to work, delay the radial force caused because of leakage Harm and potential safety hazard.

Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the structure chart after indexing fixture embodiment loads workpiece.

Fig. 2 is one of axonometric chart of indexing fixture embodiment.

Fig. 3 is the two of the axonometric chart of indexing fixture embodiment.

Fig. 4 is the structure chart of indexing fixture embodiment.

Fig. 5 is that the A-A of Fig. 4 is to sectional view.

Fig. 6 is schematic enlarged-scale view at indexing fixture embodiment A.

Fig. 7 is the structure chart after Fig. 6 dismantles rolling ball body 350.

Fig. 8 is indexing fixture embodiment link rod 340 and rolling ball body 350 the second assembling structure.

Fig. 9 is the structure chart of the base 270 of indexing fixture embodiment.

Detailed description of the invention

According to Fig. 1 to Fig. 4, Fig. 6 to Fig. 8, the indexing fixture embodiment of the present invention, including clamp body 100, clamp body 100 has receiving space 900, and clamp body 100 is provided with supporting arrangement 200 and hold down gag 300, hold down gag 300 includes pressing plate 310, compresses hydraulic cylinder 320, piston rod 330, link rod 340, pressure Tight hydraulic cylinder 320 and the fixing assembling of clamp body 100, piston rod 330 is pressed against hydraulic cylinder 320 and axially lives Dynamic assembling, piston rod 330 is ordered about axial activity, link rod 340 and piston rod 330 by compressing hydraulic cylinder 320 Axial restraint assembles, link rod 340 and the axially opposing roll adjustment of piston rod 330, link rod 340 and pressing plate 310 axle To fixing assembling, the revolution assembling of pressing plate 310 relative link rod 340, compress hydraulic cylinder 320 and include piston 321, Piston rod 330 is ordered about axial activity by piston 321, and piston rod 330 includes piston rod convex shoulder 332, piston rod Elastic accumulator 360, elastic accumulator 360 and piston rod convex shoulder it is provided with between convex shoulder 332 and piston 321 332 abut assembling, elastic accumulator 360 and piston 321 abuts assembling.

Accommodating space 900 is the space for loading workpiece 800, and workpiece 800 is from the top of clamp body 100 It is loaded in receiving space 900.

Piston rod 330 is pressed against the most movable assembling of hydraulic cylinder 320, and piston rod 330 is to compress hydraulic cylinder The piston rod of 320, is fixedly mounted at clamp body 100 owing to compressing hydraulic cylinder 320, and piston rod 330 is just The compression hydraulic cylinder 320 of geo-stationary is the most movable, and therefore piston rod 330 is pressed against hydraulic cylinder 320 axle It is construed as piston rod 330 to activity assembling and can be pressed against hydraulic cylinder 320 axially activity, and its Ordered about by compressing hydraulic cylinder 320.

Link rod 340 and the assembling of piston rod 330 axial restraint, link rod 340 and the axially opposing tune of piston rod 330 Away from, refer to that both link rod 340 and piston rod 330 have axial interaction relation to have again axially opposing shifted relationship, Link rod 340 and piston rod 330 are can be ordered about the most common interaction relation retreated by compressing hydraulic cylinder 320, Link rod 340 can individually axially be retreated by opposing pistons bar 330 again simultaneously, is consequently formed both axially opposing Roll adjustment, the linkage of link rod 340 and piston rod 330 is i.e. so-called compression action thick to workpiece, and link rod 340 The independent roll adjustment of opposing pistons bar 330 is i.e. so-called to workpiece essence pressuring action.

Link rod 340 and the assembling of pressing plate 310 axial restraint, the revolution assembling of pressing plate 310 relative link rod 340, be Refer to that link rod 340 has interaction relation to have again relative revolution relation, link rod 340 and pressing plate 310 with both pressing plates 310 Can also be ordered about the most common interaction relation retreated by compressing hydraulic cylinder 320, pressing plate 310 is the most permissible simultaneously Link rod 340 the most relatively turns round.

Piston rod convex shoulder 332 can be considered as the bulge loop that piston rod 330 outer wall is set up, and piston 321 is socketed in work On stopper rod 330, piston 321 promotes piston rod convex shoulder 332, elastic accumulator by elastic accumulator 360 360 gradually deform under piston 321 acts on, until it reaches critical equilibrium point starts axle together with piston rod 330 Marching forward, when hydraulic pressure is revealed, the energy that elastic accumulator 360 is absorbed is used to pressurize, be i.e. Stretch when causing hydraulic pressure to decline because revealing, the pressure put aside with release, compensate workpiece location required Pressure, make embodiment normally to work.

The butterfly spring that elastic accumulator 360 is the most common, but it is not limited to this, any is elastic, The device that can convert the pressure to elastic potential energy can substitute it.

As shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, relative link rod 340 rolling friction of pressing plate 310 is assembled.Refer to this two Relative displacement contact between person is completely converted into rolling friction, specifically, is when pressing plate 310 and workpiece 800 when turning round together, and a little radial displacement of the relative link rod 340 of pressing plate 310, by rolling each other Friction reduces pressing plate 310 and puts on the radial force negative effect of link rod 340, keeps the axial of link rod 340 Concentricity, and then improve machining accuracy.Especially, it should be noted that, between link rod 340 and pressing plate 310 Only rolling friction contact, does not has other contact site the most between the two.

There is between link rod 340 and the pressing plate 310 of the present embodiment rolling ball body 350, rolling ball body 350 and connection Bar 340 abuts assembling, rolling ball body 350 and pressing plate 310 and abuts assembling.

It is prone to dismounting and dimension it may be said that rolling ball body 350 is exactly a ball ball, preferably rolling ball body 350 Repair, advantageously reduce cost.But the abutting relation between link rod 340 and pressing plate 310 should not limited For rolling ball body 350, as long as because both rolling friction can be realized.

Link rod 340 is provided with yoke plate groove 341, and rolling ball body 350 assembles with yoke plate groove 341 matched in clearance.Yoke plate Groove 341 is advantageous for a kind of structure of dismounting maintenance, is certainly used as other mechanism and is replaced.Such as, As shown in Figure 8, can set up a lateral pin 349 at link rod 340, lateral pin 349 two ends fix with link rod 340 Assembling, and rolling ball body 350 is provided with a through hole 355, by lateral pin 349 through this rolling ball body 350 Through hole 355, rolling ball body 350 can rotate relative to lateral pin 349, completes rolling ball body 350 and link rod 340 Assembling, simply compares yoke plate groove 341 like that and cost can be greatly improved, and dismounting maintenance cost is high.

Link rod 340 is sequentially provided with abutting end 342, thread segment 343 and controls end 344, abutting end 342 To pressing plate 310, thread segment 343 and the assembling of piston rod 330 threaded engagement, control end 344 towards cavity 331, The through assembling of cavity 331 and the external world, abutting end 342 is provided with link rod end face 345, yoke plate groove 341 and packing ring 346, pressing plate 310 is provided with lasso 311, the socket assembling of lasso 311 relative link rod 340, lasso 311 and pressure The fixing assembling of plate 310, lasso 311 and the assembling of packing ring 346 axial restraint, yoke plate groove 341 has and is positioned at connection The circular port 347 of rod end surface 345, circular port 347 diameter is less than rolling ball body 350 diameter, yoke plate groove 341 Axial depth is more than 1/2nd of rolling ball body 350 diameter, and yoke plate groove 341 axial depth is less than roller ball Body 350 diameter, controls end 344 and includes yi word pattern groove 348 or cross groove, yi word pattern groove or cross groove Towards cavity 331.

It is cannot be axial that the structure of yoke plate groove 341 and the size of rolling ball body 350 determine rolling ball body 350 Depart from the permanent assembly relation of link rod 340.Link rod 340 two ends are respectively set to and joining that pressing plate 310 coordinates Closing end 342, and the control end 344 by operative, thread segment 343 arranges external screw thread and piston rod 330 Threaded engagement, pressing plate 310 and link rod 340 are completed axially by lasso 311 and the packing ring 346 being respectively provided with Fixing, cavity 331 can be got involved with operation instrument such as screwdriver etc. from the external world, operation controls a word of end 344 Type groove 348 or cross groove facilitate turn link rod 340 so that it is can roll adjustment relative with piston rod 330.

As shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, piston rod 330 includes cavity 331, link rod 340 opposing cavities 331 The most movable assembling, link rod 340 and the assembling of piston rod 330 threaded engagement.Piston rod 330 is the cylinder of hollow Shape, it is internally formed cavity 331, the most movable assembling of link rod 340 opposing cavities 331, refers to cavity 331 Static, and link rod 340 can be the most movable among cavity 331, link rod 340 and piston rod 330 screw thread are joined Attach together and join so that as long as turn link rod 340, link rod 340 can be obtained the most movable relative to piston rod 330 Effect, simple in construction and reasonable, simultaneously facilitate assembling.

As shown in Figure 4, during supporting arrangement 200 also refers to the Chinese patent of existing 201420111322.9 Appropriate section mechanism, it include oscillating motor 210, connecting plate 220, location-plate 230, locking hydraulic pressure Cylinder 240, dynamic gear ring 250 and quiet gear ring 260, oscillating motor 210 and the fixing assembling of clamp body 100, Locked hydraulic cylinder 240 and the fixing assembling of clamp body 100, connecting plate 220 opposing oscillatory hydraulic cylinder 210 turns round Assembling, connecting plate 220 is ordered about revolution, connecting plate 220 and location-plate 230 by oscillating motor 210 and fixes Assembling, connecting plate 220 and the fixing assembling of dynamic gear ring 250, locked hydraulic cylinder 240 and clamp body 100 are fixed Assembling, the quiet the most movable assembling of the relative locked hydraulic cylinder of gear ring 260 240, quiet gear ring 260 is by locking hydraulic pressure Cylinder 240 orders about axial activity, and quiet gear ring 260 and dynamic gear ring 250 include abutting lockup state and departing from unblock State.

The revolution assembling of connecting plate 220 opposing oscillatory hydraulic cylinder 210, refers to that connecting plate 220 is arranged on swing liquid On the piston rod of cylinder pressure 210, and then turned round by its oscillating motor 210 ordering about geo-stationary, it is meant that As long as oscillating motor 210 drives connecting plate 220 to turn round, can drive simultaneously fix with connecting plate 220 Location-plate 230 and dynamic gear ring 250 together turn round, or even location-plate 230 and workpiece 800 the most together return Turn.Compress piston rod and the piston rod center alignment of oscillating motor 210 of hydraulic cylinder 320, horizontal in one The concentric installation of straight line.

The quiet the most movable assembling of the relative locked hydraulic cylinder of gear ring 260 240, refers to that quiet gear ring 260 is locked relatively Hydraulic cylinder 240 can be axially movable, because quiet gear ring 260 is arranged on the piston rod of locked hydraulic cylinder 240, because of This quiet gear ring 260 is ordered about axial activity by locked hydraulic cylinder 240.Between quiet gear ring 260 and dynamic gear ring 250 Abutting lockup state and depart from released state, be that it is realized by following principle: when quiet gear ring 260 It is in the released state departing from dynamic gear ring 250, say, that dynamic gear ring 250 now is rotatable；When When the piston rod of locked hydraulic cylinder 240 promotes the feeding of quiet gear ring 260 until it is connected to dynamic gear ring 250, dynamic The revolution trend of gear ring 250 is just stoped by quiet gear ring 260, defines quiet gear ring 260 to dynamic gear ring 250 Latch functions.

It is in order at equally and improves operation stability and reduce the consideration of processing vibration, the dynamic gear ring 250 of the present embodiment All install with one heart centered by oscillating motor 210 with quiet gear ring 260, and and existing The Chinese patent of 201420111322.9 is the same, and clamp body 100 is provided with the circle being evenly distributed on quiet gear ring 260 On week three locked hydraulic cylinders 240, quiet gear ring 260 simultaneously orders about effect at three locked hydraulic cylinders 240 Lower axial feed.

Specially remark additionally: oscillating motor 210, locked hydraulic cylinder 240, compress hydraulic cylinder 320 this The fixing assembling of three and clamp body 100, is fixed on clamp body 100 all referring to the cylinder body of three is static, And the piston rod of three is that its cylinder body is movable relatively.Locked hydraulic cylinder 240, compression hydraulic cylinder 320 are belonging to Straight reciprocating motion formula hydraulic cylinder, and oscillating motor 210 belongs to gyroscopic pendulum dynamic formula hydraulic cylinder, is all market Upper common hydraulic cylinder.

As shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 9, supporting arrangement 200 includes that base 270, base 270 include spacing Groove 271, rest pad 272 and axial slope 273, rest pad 272 and workpiece abut assembling, pressing plate 310 The most movable assembling of relative limit groove 271, axial slope 273 and the fixing assembling of base 270, axial slope The 273 the most movable assemblings of respect thereto 270, the radially movable assembling of rest pad 272 respect thereto 270, supporting Block 272 and axial slope 273 abut assembling.

It can be seen that workpiece 800 is the supporting-point with three directions in an embodiment, it is left side respectively Location-plate 230, the pressing plate 310 on right side, and the rest pad 272 of downside, rest pad 272 be interpreted as use Position the super positioner that the heavy weight workpiece of some large volume is set up, strengthen the degree of accuracy of location.Limit Position groove 271 is opened in base 270 surface, and the present embodiment is that the lower end of pressing plate 310 is assemblied in stopper slot 271, Pressing plate 310 and stopper slot 271 matched in clearance, by stopper slot 271 both sides position-limiting action, pressing plate 310 can only Axially retreating in stopper slot 271, therefore this is the most movable assembling of pressing plate 310 relative limit groove 271 Lexical or textual analysis.Axial slope 273 refers to the inclined-plane axially gradually tilted along piston rod 330.Axial slope 273 and the fixing assembling of base 270, the most movable assembling of axial slope 273 respect thereto 270, be also and work The axial same direction of stopper rod 330, refers to that both axial slope 273 and base 270 are existing and is fixed together Locking state, have again the released state that can mutually axially shift between the two.Rest pad 272 is with the most oblique Face 273 abuts assembling, refers to that both are in abutting contact after mounting.So during released state axially tiltedly The base 270 of face 273 geo-stationary is the most movable, and then promotes rest pad 272 axially inclined-plane 273 Lifting, and then change the rest pad 272 height relative to base 270, again by axial slope after adjustment 273 and base 270 locking fixed with each other, in order to adjust workpiece 800 height, and adapt to different work The demand of part.

It is emphasized that the present embodiment is to use base 270 to fix, and axial slope 273 is at base 270 The structure of middle activity.Axial slope 273 can also be used static, and make base 270 the most movable, and then Promote rest pad 272 structure, but must solve like that be rest pad 272 move axially error, Therefore the axial displacement compensation device for rest pad 272 must be set up on base 270 again, to compensate Rest pad 272 move axially error, though feasible scheme, but cost height enterprise.

As shown in Figure 5, Figure 9, base 270 includes radially slideway 274, axial slideway 275 and slide block 276, Radially slideway 274 and axial slideway 275 are mutually communicated assembling, rest pad 272 relatively radially slideway 274 footpath Assembling to activity, the slide block 276 the most movable assembling of slideway 275 to axial, slide block 276 includes that slide block is joined Closing end 276a and slide block locking end 276b, axial slope 273 is positioned at slide block abutting end 276a, slide block locking End 276b includes slider locks pin (not indicating in figure) and elastic expansion hole 276c, and slider locks pin is (in figure not Indicate) and elastic expansion hole 276c include swelling lockup state and shrinkage porosite released state.

Because the present embodiment is to use base 270 to fix, then rest pad 272 is acted on phase by axial slope 273 Radially movable for static radial direction slideway 274, slider locks pin (not indicating in figure) is manually-operated. So-called swelling lockup state and shrinkage porosite released state, its purpose be provided to make slide block 276 the most movable with Just the rest pad 272 height and position relative to base 270 is adjusted, after adjustment, can be by slider locks Pin (not indicating in figure) deeply inserts elastic expansion hole 276c, struts until elastic expansion hole 276c expands, and axially The wall of slideway 275 abuts and produces friction and form lockup state, needs to change rest pad 272 height, only needs Want slider locks pin (not indicating in figure) to pull away elastic expansion hole 276c, elastic expansion hole 276c can be made to shrink, Thus release the unlocking motion of the slide block 276 that rubbed.

Claims

1. indexing fixture, including clamp body (100), clamp body (100) has receiving space (900), and clamp body (100) is provided with supporting arrangement (200) and hold down gag (300), it is characterised in that:

Hold down gag (300) includes pressing plate (310), compresses hydraulic cylinder (320), piston rod (330), link rod (340), compress hydraulic cylinder (320) and the fixing assembling of clamp body (100), piston rod (330) is pressed against the most movable assembling of hydraulic cylinder (320), piston rod (330) is ordered about axial activity by compressing hydraulic cylinder (320), link rod (340) and the assembling of piston rod (330) axial restraint, link rod (340) and piston rod (330) axially opposing roll adjustment

Link rod (340) and the assembling of pressing plate (310) axial restraint, pressing plate (310) link rod (340) revolution assembling relatively, compress hydraulic cylinder (320) and include piston (321), piston rod (330) is ordered about axial activity by piston (321), piston rod (330) includes piston rod convex shoulder (332), elastic accumulator (360) it is provided with between piston rod convex shoulder (332) and piston (321), elastic accumulator (360) and piston rod convex shoulder (332) abut assembling, elastic accumulator (360) and piston (321) abut assembling.

Indexing fixture the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: piston rod (330) includes cavity (331), the most movable assembling of link rod (340) opposing cavities (331), link rod (340) and the assembling of piston rod (330) threaded engagement.

Indexing fixture the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: pressing plate (310) link rod (340) rolling friction assembling relatively.

Indexing fixture the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: elastic accumulator (360) is disk spring.