CN106312074A - Preparation method for superfine hard alloy cutter blank with preformed cutter groove - Google Patents
Preparation method for superfine hard alloy cutter blank with preformed cutter groove Download PDFInfo
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- CN106312074A CN106312074A CN201610726695.0A CN201610726695A CN106312074A CN 106312074 A CN106312074 A CN 106312074A CN 201610726695 A CN201610726695 A CN 201610726695A CN 106312074 A CN106312074 A CN 106312074A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/22—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces for producing castings from a slip
- B22F3/225—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces for producing castings from a slip by injection molding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
- B22F1/103—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material containing an organic binding agent comprising a mixture of, or obtained by reaction of, two or more components other than a solvent or a lubricating agent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J11/00—Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
- C09J11/02—Non-macromolecular additives
- C09J11/06—Non-macromolecular additives organic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J11/00—Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
- C09J11/08—Macromolecular additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J171/00—Adhesives based on polyethers obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J171/02—Polyalkylene oxides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
- B22F2005/001—Cutting tools, earth boring or grinding tool other than table ware
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
- C08L2205/035—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend containing four or more polymers in a blend
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- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method for a superfine hard alloy cutter blank with a preformed cutter groove. The preparation method is characterized by comprising the following steps: step 1, performing wet mixing and ball milling on superfine WC, superfine Co, superfine VC and Cr3C2, and then performing uniform mixing to obtain a superfine mixture of which all the components are uniform; step 2, adding an adhesive into a vacuum kneading machine, performing kneading till the superfine mixture and the adhesive are uniformly mixed, pelletizing the superfine mixture doped with the adhesive, heating the pelletized material in an injection molding machine till the pelletized material enters a molten state, injecting the molten material into a mold cavity by an injection molding mode, and dissolving and removing the adhesive in a superfine hard alloy soft blank in water; and step 3, performing sintering at 1340-1420 DEG C in a low-pressure sintering furnace, and performing argon gas pressurization at 1-10 MPa to prepare the superfine hard alloy cutter blank with the preformed cutter groove. When the superfine hard alloy cutter blank with the preformed cutter groove is produced by adopting the preparation method provided by the invention, the grinding amount during cutter production can be greatly reduced, the cutter production efficiency can be greatly improved, and the waste of tungsten resources can be reduced.
Description
Relate to field
The present invention relates to the preparation method of a kind of ultra-fine cemented carbide preforming cutter groove solid tool base substrate, can be used for manufacturing vapour
Car, electronics, aviation machine and other plant equipment parts machining standards, nonstandard hard alloy solid tool.
Background technology
The solid carbide being made up of ultra-fine cemented carbide bar such as milling cutter, reamer, the combination property of drill bit are wanted
Higher than conventional high rate steel cutter.It is equipped with suitable coating technology, its comprehensive life high-speed steel tool to be exceeded more than 100 times.Right
From the point of view of advanced machining center, carbide tool is that it must allotment of labor have, and the elastic modelling quantity of high-speed steel is to meet its height
Speed cutting requirement.In addition high-speed steel tool wastes the tungsten resource of domestic preciousness, the usage amount of current ultra-fine cemented carbide in a large number
Account for more than the 50% of cutter material.
Ultra-fine cemented carbide bar is high due to hardness, and toughness is low, at present, and the effective manufacture method of solid carbide
It is to use cubic boron nitride or skive sharpening forming and cutting sword and cutter groove, and most of expenditure of time of tool sharpening
In the molding of cutter groove, wherein valuable tungsten resource loses in vain also with grinding.In order to improve working (machining) efficiency, reduce tungsten money
Source is wasted, and has producer to attempt the method using the front grinding-shaping cutter groove of hard alloy blank sintering, and the method is due to hard alloy
Soft paste intensity is low, and superfine alloy shortcoming such as easy oxidation in the course of processing, causes finished product rate low, product size and product
Quality is wayward, it is difficult to batch application.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to the deficiency overcoming prior art to exist, it is provided that a kind of new ultra-fine cemented carbide preforming cutter
The preparation method of groove solid tool base substrate, it is intended to the working (machining) efficiency and the tungsten resource that improve ultra-fine solid carbide utilize
Rate.
To achieve the above object of the invention, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of ultra-fine cemented carbide preforming cutter groove
The preparation method of solid tool base substrate, it is characterised in that: this preparation method is made up of the following step:
The first step, by ultrafine WC, ultra-fine Co, ultra-fine VC and Cr3C2Mix homogeneously after wet mixing ball milling 24 ~ 72h, it is thus achieved that each component
Uniform ultra-fine compound, wherein, described ultrafine WC granularity granularity is 0.2~0.8 μm, the quality in described ultra-fine compound
Percentage composition is 84~93.7%, and described ultra-fine Co granularity is 0.6 ~ 1.5 μm, and the percent mass in described ultra-fine compound contains
Amount is 6~14%, and described ultra-fine VC granularity is 0.8 ~ 1.5 μm, the weight/mass percentage composition in described ultra-fine compound be 0~
0.8%, described Cr3C2Granularity is 0.8 ~ 1.5 μm, and the weight/mass percentage composition in described ultra-fine compound is 0.3~1.2%;
Second step, described ultra-fine compound after drying, adds in vacuum kneader and accounts for described ultra-fine compound weight 1 ~ 12%
Binding agent, mediate 10 ~ 60min, binding agent and ultra-fine compound be sufficiently mixed uniformly, by the ultra-fine mixing mixed with binding agent
Material is heated to 135 ~ 210 DEG C after pelletizing in injection (mo(u)lding) machine by material, and making material is molten condition, has good after material heating
Good mobility, then uses injection molding mode under the pressure of 10 ~ 135MPa, is injected in die cavity by material, at mould
In tool once can the ultra-fine cemented carbide soft paste of simultaneously 2 ~ 8 preforming cutter grooves of molding, ultra-fine cemented carbide soft paste in water also
Dissolve at 200 ~ 600 DEG C and remove described binding agent;
The composition of raw materials of described binding agent includes the component of following weight portion:
Polyvinyl butyral resin 10 ~ 30 parts,
Polymethyl methacrylate 2 ~ 5 parts,
Polyethylene Glycol 65 ~ 90 parts,
Non-ionic polyacrylamide 0.5 ~ 1 part,
Sodium polyacrylate 1 ~ 2 part,
Polyimides 0.05 ~ 0.1 part,
Oleic acid 0.1 ~ 1 part,
Wherein, the molecular weight of described polyvinyl butyral resin is 30000 ~ 45000;The molecular weight of described polymethyl methacrylate
It is 10000 ~ 200000;The molecular weight of described Polyethylene Glycol is 600 ~ 15000;The molecular weight of described non-ionic polyacrylamide
It is 8 × 106~1×107;The molecular weight of described polyimides is 20000 ~ 30000, and polyimides is powder, and its particle diameter is 0.5
~ 5 microns;
3rd step, after second step terminates, is placed on described ultra-fine cemented carbide soft paste in low-pressure sintering furnace, in 1340 ~
Sintering 36~60h at a temperature of 1420 DEG C, promote alloy densification by argon pressurization during high temperature sintering, pressure is 1 ~ 10MPa, real
Existing densification, thus prepare the described ultra-fine cemented carbide preforming cutter groove solid tool base substrate of different size.
Relevant content in technique scheme is explained as follows:
1. in such scheme, the composition of raw materials of described binding agent also includes antioxidant, and antioxidant is phenothiazine, its weight portion
It it is 0.01 ~ 0.05 part.The effect of phenothiazine is to prevent Polyethylene Glycol oxidation in powder injection forming heating process.
2., in such scheme, when described first step wet mixing ball milling, wet grinding media is industrial alcohol, acetone and hexane
In the mixture of any two kinds, or be industrial alcohol, acetone and the mixture of hexane three.
3. in such scheme, described ultra-fine VC is ultra-fine vinylene carbonate powder, and described ultrafine WC is ultra-fine carbonization
Tungsten powder.
Prominent substantive distinguishing features and the significantly progress of technical solution of the present invention are mainly reflected in:
1, the polyvinyl butyral resin added in the binder component in preparation method of the present invention is after metal powder injection molded
Can form skeleton in base substrate, the polyimides adding trace can carry for metal dust base substrate after injection moulding further
For support force, form stable blank structure;Polymethyl methacrylate has good cohesive force with metal and ceramic powders, makes
Base substrate has higher intensity, can well keep pressed compact shape.
2, powder is had good by the Polyethylene Glycol added in the binder component in preparation method of the present invention and oleic acid
Lubricity, the internal friction that can effectively reduce in metal powder material injection process in metal powder material and powder and injection machine and mould
External friction between tool, reduces power loss, improves the rheological characteristic of powder;
3, the non-ionic polyacrylamide added in the binder component in preparation method of the present invention can carry for metal dust
For certain cohesive force, frictional resistance each other in metal powder material injection process can be effectively reduced again;And add poly-
Whole binding agent is played certain peptizaiton by sodium acrylate, can also make bonding in Metal Injection Molding Processes simultaneously
Agent stably, be uniformly dispersed to metal dust.
4, the program is easy and simple to handle, easily implement, and adds the basis of account for metal powder material weight 1 ~ 12% in injection moulding powder
The novel binders of invention, when injection moulding, material fluidity is good, and pressed compact defect is few, and intensity is high, and readily removed, without harmful
Decomposition, residue, can meet metal, the technique of ceramic powder injection molding and technology requirement, and economic benefit is the most notable.
5, the binding agent in preparation method of the present invention is different from prior paraffin based binder, for water-soluble binder.Due to
Institute's addO-on therapy is mostly water miscible, and therefore, after powder injection forming, blank can use water-soluble solution to be removed by binding agent,
With prior paraffin based binder organic solvent catalytic eliminating method ratio, this is a kind of removal methods quick, cheap, free of contamination.
6, the preforming cutter groove ultra-fine cemented carbide base substrate using preparation method of the present invention to produce, can be greatly decreased ultra-fine whole
Stock removal when body carbide tool makes, thus the production efficiency of cutter can be greatly improved, and reduce the waste of tungsten resource.
7, described ultra-fine cemented carbide preforming cutter groove solid tool base substrate be used for manufacturing automobile, electronics, aviation machine and
Other plant equipment parts machining standards, nonstandard with efficient hard alloy solid tool.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is ultra-fine cemented carbide preforming cutter groove solid tool base substrate flow sheet;
Accompanying drawing 2 is ultra-fine cemented carbide blank forming schematic diagram;
Accompanying drawing 3 is ultra-fine cemented carbide straight fluted reamer schematic top plan view;
Accompanying drawing 4 is ultra-fine cemented carbide straight fluted reamer schematic front view;
The implication of reference in figure: 1, mold runner;2, cast gate;3, die cavity.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiment the invention will be further described:
Embodiment 1 ~ 3: the preparation method of a kind of ultra-fine cemented carbide preforming cutter groove solid tool base substrate
This preparation method is made up of the following step:
The first step, by ultrafine WC, ultra-fine Co, ultra-fine VC and Cr3C2Mix homogeneously after wet mixing ball milling 48h, it is thus achieved that each component is equal
Even ultra-fine compound, wherein, described ultrafine WC granularity granularity is 0.5 μm, and the percent mass in described ultra-fine compound contains
Amount is 87.2%, and described ultra-fine Co granularity is 0.8 μm, and the weight/mass percentage composition in described ultra-fine compound is 12%, described super
Thin VC granularity is 1 μm, and the weight/mass percentage composition in described ultra-fine compound is 0.3%, described Cr3C2Granularity is 1.2 μm,
Weight/mass percentage composition in described ultra-fine compound is 0.5%;
Second step, described ultra-fine compound after drying, adds in vacuum kneader and accounts for described ultra-fine compound weight 10%
Binding agent, mediates 30min, and after binding agent and described ultra-fine compound being sufficiently mixed, 200 mesh wipe sieve series grain, will be mixed with binding agent
Ultra-fine mixture granulation after in injection (mo(u)lding) machine, material is heated to 200 DEG C, making material is molten condition, material heating after
There is good mobility, under the pressure of 100MPa, then use injection molding mode, material is injected in die cavity,
In mould once can the ultra-fine cemented carbide soft paste of simultaneously 8 preforming cutter grooves of molding, ultra-fine cemented carbide soft paste in water also
At 200 ~ 600 DEG C, segmentation is dissolved and is removed described binding agent;When wet mixing ball milling, wet grinding media be industrial alcohol, acetone and
The mixture of hexane three;
The composition of raw materials of described binding agent includes the component of following weight portion:
Polyvinyl butyral resin 10 ~ 30 parts,
Polymethyl methacrylate 2 ~ 5 parts,
Polyethylene Glycol 65 ~ 90 parts,
Non-ionic polyacrylamide 0.5 ~ 1 part,
Sodium polyacrylate 1 ~ 2 part,
Polyimides 0.05 ~ 0.1 part,
Oleic acid 0.1 ~ 1 part,
Wherein, the molecular weight of described polyvinyl butyral resin is 35000;The molecular weight of described polymethyl methacrylate is
15000;The molecular weight of described Polyethylene Glycol is 10000;The molecular weight of described non-ionic polyacrylamide is 8 × 106;Described
The molecular weight of polyimides is 25000, and polyimides is powder, and its particle diameter is 0.5 ~ 5 micron;
3rd step, after second step terminates, is placed on described ultra-fine cemented carbide soft paste in low-pressure sintering furnace, in 1400 DEG C of temperature
Sintering 36h under degree, promote alloy densification by argon pressurization during high temperature sintering, pressure is 8MPa, it is achieved densification, thus makes
Standby go out different size described ultra-fine cemented carbide preforming cutter groove solid tool base substrate, see shown in accompanying drawing 1 to accompanying drawing 4.
The preparation method of binding agent described in embodiment 1 ~ 3: according to the formula of table 1 by polyvinyl butyral resin, poly-methyl
Acrylic acid methyl ester., Polyethylene Glycol, non-ionic polyacrylamide, sodium polyacrylate, polyimides, oleic acid and phenothiazine according to
After respective parts by weight weigh up, it is equipped with above-mentioned raw materials in the bucket of water under agitation stirring to mix homogeneously, system
Obtain described metal powder injection molded binding agent.
Above-mentioned metal powder injection molded binding agent is made up of the component of following weight portion, as shown in table 1:
Table 1
In sum, the preforming cutter groove ultra-fine cemented carbide tool blank using this method to produce is accurately controlled cutter groove size,
And alloy structure even compact can be ensured, with conventional production methods ratio, improve cutter make efficiency and bring up to more than 80%, subtract
Lack the tungsten data waste of more than 30%, be worth wide popularization and application in the field of business.
Above-described embodiment, only for technology design and the feature of the explanation present invention, its object is to allow person skilled in the art
Scholar will appreciate that present disclosure and implements according to this, can not limit the scope of the invention with this.All according to the present invention
The equivalence that spirit is made changes or modifies, and all should contain within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. the preparation method of a ultra-fine cemented carbide preforming cutter groove solid tool base substrate, it is characterised in that: this preparation method
It is made up of the following step:
The first step, by ultrafine WC, ultra-fine Co, ultra-fine VC and Cr3C2Mix homogeneously after wet mixing ball milling 24 ~ 72h, it is thus achieved that each component
Uniform ultra-fine compound, wherein, described ultrafine WC granularity granularity is 0.2~0.8 μm, the quality in described ultra-fine compound
Percentage composition is 84~93.7%, and described ultra-fine Co granularity is 0.6 ~ 1.5 μm, and the percent mass in described ultra-fine compound contains
Amount is 6~14%, and described ultra-fine VC granularity is 0.8 ~ 1.5 μm, the weight/mass percentage composition in described ultra-fine compound be 0~
0.8%, described Cr3C2Granularity is 0.8 ~ 1.5 μm, and the weight/mass percentage composition in described ultra-fine compound is 0.3~1.2%;
Second step, described ultra-fine compound after drying, adds in vacuum kneader and accounts for described ultra-fine compound weight 1 ~ 12%
Binding agent, mediate 10 ~ 60min, binding agent and ultra-fine compound be sufficiently mixed uniformly, by the ultra-fine mixing mixed with binding agent
Material is heated to 135 ~ 210 DEG C after pelletizing in injection (mo(u)lding) machine by material, and making material is molten condition, has good after material heating
Good mobility, then uses injection molding mode under the pressure of 10 ~ 135MPa, is injected in die cavity by material, at mould
In tool once can the ultra-fine cemented carbide soft paste of simultaneously 2 ~ 8 preforming cutter grooves of molding, ultra-fine cemented carbide soft paste in water also
Dissolve at 200 ~ 600 DEG C and remove described binding agent;
The composition of raw materials of described binding agent includes the component of following weight portion:
Polyvinyl butyral resin 10 ~ 30 parts,
Polymethyl methacrylate 2 ~ 5 parts,
Polyethylene Glycol 65 ~ 90 parts,
Non-ionic polyacrylamide 0.5 ~ 1 part,
Sodium polyacrylate 1 ~ 2 part,
Polyimides 0.05 ~ 0.1 part,
Oleic acid 0.1 ~ 1 part,
Wherein, the molecular weight of described polyvinyl butyral resin is 30000 ~ 45000;The molecular weight of described polymethyl methacrylate
It is 10000 ~ 200000;The molecular weight of described Polyethylene Glycol is 600 ~ 15000;The molecular weight of described non-ionic polyacrylamide
It is 8 × 106~1×107;The molecular weight of described polyimides is 20000 ~ 30000, and polyimides is powder, and its particle diameter is 0.5
~ 5 microns;
3rd step, after second step terminates, is placed on described ultra-fine cemented carbide soft paste in low-pressure sintering furnace, in 1340 ~
Sintering 36~60h at a temperature of 1420 DEG C, promote alloy densification by argon pressurization during high temperature sintering, pressure is 1 ~ 10MPa, real
Existing densification, thus prepare the described ultra-fine cemented carbide preforming cutter groove solid tool base substrate of different size.
The preparation method of a kind of ultra-fine cemented carbide preforming cutter groove solid tool base substrate the most according to claim 1, its
Being characterised by: the composition of raw materials of described binding agent also includes antioxidant, antioxidant is phenothiazine, its weight portion is 0.01 ~
0.05 part.
The preparation method of a kind of ultra-fine cemented carbide preforming cutter groove solid tool base substrate the most according to claim 1, its
Being characterised by: when described first step wet mixing ball milling, wet grinding media is any two kinds in industrial alcohol, acetone and hexane
Mixture, or be industrial alcohol, acetone and the mixture of hexane three.
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