CN106304436B - Ice melting equipment for self-melting ice conductor - Google Patents
Ice melting equipment for self-melting ice conductor Download PDFInfo
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- CN106304436B CN106304436B CN201610867150.1A CN201610867150A CN106304436B CN 106304436 B CN106304436 B CN 106304436B CN 201610867150 A CN201610867150 A CN 201610867150A CN 106304436 B CN106304436 B CN 106304436B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
Abstract
The invention discloses a self-melting ice conductor and an ice melting device thereof. The method adopts the structure of a conductor as a heating power supply conductor, the self-melting ice conductor adopts a coaxial cable form and comprises an outer conductor, a heating material and an inner conductor, and the ice melting equipment is directly connected to the inner conductor and the outer conductor of the self-melting ice conductor. The heating material is a heating material with positive temperature coefficient effect, and is arranged between the inner conductor and the outer conductor to completely isolate the inner conductor and the outer conductor. The automatic ice melting equipment consists of a transformer, a switching circuit, a microprocessor, a communication module and an icing induction module. The microprocessor is connected with the communication module, the icing induction module and the switch circuit, receives the control signal of the communication module, transmits data to the communication module and receives the data of the icing induction module, and the control center controls the automatic ice melting equipment to operate through the communication module. The invention implements ice melting under the control of the control center, can avoid the situation of power failure and serious line fault when melting ice on the high-voltage transmission line, and greatly improves the existing ice melting technology.
Description
(I) technical field
The invention relates to the technical field of wire ice melting, in particular to ice melting equipment for a self-melting ice conductor.
(II) background of the invention
With the development of social economy, the demands of national power and communication lines are increasing, and the demands on exposed lines, especially power lines, are increasing under the environment of increasing power load application. In cold winter, the lines in many areas are frozen, and the lines are damaged. When the icing exceeds the bearing capacity of the line, serious accidents such as line breakage and the like can also occur. Therefore, deicing of power lines or other lines in winter is indispensable and very important.
The existing self-melting ice wires are all required to be added with materials which can be heated by a power supply, and when the heating materials are used, the heating materials are required to be connected with a heating power supply through special wires. In addition, the existing self-melting ice wire needs a special wire connected with a heating power supply, so that the existing self-melting ice wire is inconvenient to divide.
A novel low-temperature infrared heating automatic deicing lightning conductor with the application number of CN201210395025.7 combines a novel auxiliary heating conducting wire made of conductive polyester fibers capable of generating low-temperature infrared heat energy with a common lightning conductor and is hinged in the center of a steel strand. An auxiliary power supply is loaded on the auxiliary heating wire, and the auxiliary heating wire generates low-temperature infrared heat energy to increase the temperature of the steel strand, so that the aim of preventing or automatically removing the ice is fulfilled. However, the lead manufactured by the method is inconvenient to be divided into different lengths when in use, and the conductor of the heating power supply used for heating is a conductor special for heating, so that the lead is not easy to maintain. The deicing carbon fiber high-low voltage aerial cable comprises a high-voltage cable, wherein the high-voltage cable consists of an internal high-voltage cable and a surface insulating layer, and a carbon fiber heating wire is arranged on the surface of the insulating layer of the high-voltage cable. But through set up the carbon fiber heating wire that the circular telegram generates heat on high tension cable surface, utilize the carbon fiber to convert the electric energy into the heat to guarantee high tension cable normal operating in severe cold district or winter. However, the lead wire manufactured by the method is also inconvenient to be cut into any length when in use, and the conductor of the heating power supply used for generating heat is a conductor special for heating, so that the maintenance is not easy.
Disclosure of the invention
The invention aims to design a self-melting ice wire which adopts the structure of a conductor as a heating power supply conductor and an automatic ice melting device connected to the self-melting ice wire to automatically complete the ice melting work of a conductor circuit aiming at the defects of the prior art. The heating power supply lead wire can be randomly divided, and is convenient to maintain.
The purpose of the invention is achieved by the following steps:
a self-melting ice conductor melting device, characterized by: a part of the structure of the conductor is used as a self-melting ice conductor of the heating element, and the ice melting equipment is directly connected to the inner conductor and the outer conductor of the self-melting ice conductor.
The self-melting ice conductor is in a coaxial cable form and comprises an outer conductor, a heating material and an inner conductor. The inner conductor is cylindrical metal, the heating material is a heating material with a positive temperature coefficient effect, and the heating material surrounds the outer edge of the inner conductor and completely surrounds the periphery of the inner conductor, so that the inner conductor and the outer conductor are completely isolated, and the short circuit of the inner conductor and the outer conductor is avoided. The inner surface of the heating material is in full contact with the outer surface of the inner conductor, and the outer surface of the heating material is in full contact with the inner surface of the outer conductor. The outer conductor surrounds the heating material.
The inner conductor is a single metal wire or a metal stranded wire or a metal pipe embedded with an optical fiber or a single alloy wire or an alloy stranded wire. The outer conductor is a metal pipe or an alloy pipe or a metal stranded wire or an alloy stranded wire.
The automatic ice melting equipment consists of a transformer, a switching circuit, a microprocessor, a communication module and an icing induction module. The microprocessor is connected with the communication module, the icing induction module and the switch circuit, receives the control signal of the communication module, transmits data to the communication module and receives the data of the icing induction module, the control center transmits a control command to the microprocessor, and the microprocessor responds to the command of the control center and controls the operation of the automatic ice melting equipment.
When the self-melting ice conductor is used as a non-power transmission line, the automatic ice melting equipment is provided with two switching circuits.
Two ends of the power supply are connected to the primary winding of the transformer, the secondary winding of the transformer is connected with two switching circuits, two ends of one switching circuit are respectively connected with one end of the secondary winding of the transformer and the inner conductor of the self-melting ice conductor, and two ends of the other switching circuit are respectively connected with the other end of the secondary winding of the transformer and the outer conductor of the self-melting ice conductor. The switch states of the two switch circuits are controlled by the microprocessor. The inner conductor and the outer conductor of the self-melting ice conductor are respectively connected to the two switching circuits.
When the self-melting ice conductor is used as an overhead transmission line conductor, the automatic melting ice equipment is provided with a switch circuit, an inner conductor of the self-melting ice conductor is connected to one end of the switch circuit, and an outer conductor of the self-melting ice conductor is connected with an output power supply of a transformer substation of an overhead transmission line system. In the automatic ice melting equipment, an outer conductor of a self-ice melting conductor and an overhead transmission line ground wire system are respectively connected to two ends of a primary winding of a transformer. And two ends of the secondary winding of the transformer are respectively connected with the switch circuit and the overhead transmission line ground wire system. Two ends of the switch circuit are respectively connected with one end of the secondary winding of the transformer and the inner conductor of the self-melting ice conductor. The switch circuit is controlled by the microprocessor.
When the self-melting ice conductor is used as the ground wire of the overhead transmission line, the automatic melting ice equipment is provided with a switch circuit, an inner conductor of the self-melting ice conductor is connected to one end of the switch circuit, and an outer conductor of the self-melting ice conductor is connected with a ground wire system of the overhead transmission line. In the automatic ice melting equipment, an outer conductor of a self-ice melting conductor and an overhead transmission line conductor are respectively connected to two ends of a primary winding of a transformer, and when the self-ice melting conductor is adopted by the overhead transmission line conductor, the primary winding is connected with the outer conductor of the overhead transmission line conductor. Two ends of the secondary winding of the transformer are respectively connected with the switch circuit and the outer conductor of the self-melting ice conductor; and two ends of the switching circuit are respectively connected with one end of the secondary winding of the transformer and the inner conductor of the self-melting ice conductor. The switch circuit is controlled by the microprocessor.
When the inner conductor is a single metal wire, the single metal wire is one of a single steel wire, a single galvanized steel wire, a single aluminum-clad steel wire or a single metal pipe with an embedded optical fiber; the outer conductor is 6 or 18 metal stranded wires, and the metal stranded wires are one of 6 or 18 aluminum stranded wires, aluminum alloy stranded wires and aluminum-clad steel core stranded wires.
When the inner conductor or the outer conductor is a metal stranded wire or an alloy stranded wire, one or more strands of the metal stranded wire or the alloy stranded wire are replaced by a metal tube in which the optical fiber is embedded.
When the inner conductor is a metal stranded wire, the metal stranded wire is one of 7 steel wire stranded wires, galvanized steel wires, an aluminum-clad steel core wire and a metal pipe with embedded optical fibers; the outer conductor is one of 12 or 24 aluminum stranded wires, aluminum alloy stranded wires, aluminum-clad steel core stranded wires and metal tubes with embedded optical fibers.
In addition to the above selection of the inner conductor and the outer conductor, the inner conductor may be an innermost circle of the aluminum stranded wire or the aluminum stranded steel core wire designed according to the national standard aluminum stranded wire and the aluminum stranded steel core wire GB1179 of the people's republic of china, or a conductor other than the outermost circle of the aluminum stranded steel core wire from the inside to the outside. The outer conductor can be an aluminum stranded wire designed according to the national standard aluminum stranded wire of the people's republic of China and the specification of an aluminum steel-cored stranded wire GB1179 or all the wires of the aluminum steel-cored stranded wire except the inner conductor. The inner conductor and the outer conductor can be selected from one of a steel wire stranded wire, a galvanized steel wire, an aluminum-clad steel core wire, a metal pipe with an embedded optical fiber, an aluminum wire stranded wire and an aluminum alloy stranded wire. The metal tube in which the optical fibers are embedded may be selected for one or several of the strands.
The metal pipe with the embedded optical fibers is composed of a protective metal pipe, protective fillers and n optical fibers, wherein the n optical fibers are placed on the inner side of the protective metal pipe outside the protective metal pipe, and the protective fillers are filled between the optical fibers and the protective metal pipe.
When the self-melting ice conductor is used as a non-power transmission system, the input voltage of a primary winding of a transformer is power supply voltage, and the output voltage of a secondary winding is the working voltage of a heating material; when the self-melting ice conductor is used as an overhead transmission line conductor, the input voltage of a primary winding of the transformer is the transmission line conductor voltage, and the output voltage of a secondary winding is the transmission line conductor voltage minus the heating material working voltage, or the transmission line conductor voltage plus the heating material working voltage; when the self-melting ice conductor is used as the ground wire of the overhead transmission line, the input voltage of the primary winding of the transformer is the conductor voltage of the transmission line, and the output voltage of the secondary winding is the working voltage of the heating material.
The heating materials in the self-melting ice conductor are distributed in the coaxial cable in an interrupted distribution mode, the heating materials among the interrupted distribution mode are filled with insulating materials, the adjacent heating materials are tightly connected with the insulating materials, and no gap exists in the middle.
The control program of the microprocessor is as follows:
the first step is as follows: receiving a control center command through a communication module;
the second step is that: analyze control center commands for the onset of ice melting? If yes, entering a seventh step; if not, entering a third step;
the third step: analyze control center commands for the end of ice melting? If yes, entering a sixth step; if not, entering the fourth step;
the fourth step: is the control center command analyzed, is the icing sensing module controlling the switching circuit? If yes, entering a fifth step; if not, entering the first step;
the fifth step: determine if ice is present in the ice sensing module? No ice: entering the sixth step; entering the seventh step when ice exists;
and a sixth step: and opening the switch circuit and entering the first step.
The seventh step: and turning on a switching circuit to enter a first step.
The invention has the positive effects that:
the invention can melt ice when the high-voltage transmission line works, thereby avoiding the situation that the power needs to be cut off in the existing ice melting technology and being beneficial to the reliable work of the high-voltage transmission line.
And 2, the ice can be melted under the control of the control center, the ice can be automatically melted by judging the icing of the transmission line, and the ice can be avoided by heating when the high-voltage overhead transmission line is about to be iced.
3, by adopting the method, the high-voltage transmission line does not have ice, thereby avoiding the galloping phenomenon of the high-voltage transmission line and avoiding serious accidents such as the disconnection of the high-voltage transmission line and the like caused by icing.
Description of the drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the self-melting ice conductor structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the self-melting ice conductor of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a self-melting ice conductor with an inner conductor being a single wire and an outer conductor being 6 metal strands.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a self-melting ice conductor with an inner conductor being a single wire and an outer conductor being 18 metal strands.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a self-melting ice conductor with 7 metal strands as an inner conductor and 12 metal strands as an outer conductor.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a self-melting ice conductor structure with 7 metal strands as an inner conductor and 24 metal strands as an outer conductor
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a metal tube structure with an embedded optical fiber.
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the continuous distribution of heating material within a self-melting ice conductor.
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a discontinuous distribution of heating material within a self-melting ice conductor.
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of structural connection of an automatic ice melting device when a self-melting ice conductor is used as a non-power transmission line.
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the structural connection of an automatic ice melting device when the self-melting ice conductor is used as an overhead transmission line conductor.
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the structural connections of an automatic ice melting device when the self-melting ice conductor is used as an overhead transmission line ground wire.
Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of the switching circuit configuration.
Fig. 14 is a circuit diagram of a microprocessor.
Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of the RS232 interface of the microprocessor.
Fig. 16 is a diagram of a five-to-three volt power conversion circuit.
Fig. 17 is a circuit diagram of a three-to-two volt power conversion circuit.
FIG. 18 is a JTAG circuit diagram.
Fig. 19 is a microprocessor control flow chart.
In the figure, 1 outer conductor, 2 heating material, 3 inner conductor, 4-1, 4-2, 4-3, 4-4, 4-5 and 4-6 metal stranded wires of the outer conductor, 5-1, 5-2, 5-3, 5-4, 5-5 and 5-6 metal stranded wires of the inner ring of the outer conductor, 6-1, 6-2, 6-3, 6-4, 6-5, 6-6, 6-7, 6-8, 6-9, 6-10, 6-11 and 6-12 metal stranded wires of the outer ring of the outer conductor, 7 metal stranded wires of the innermost side of the inner conductor, 8-1, 8-2, 8-3, 8-4, 8-5 and 6 metal stranded wires of the outer ring of the inner conductor, 9-1, 9-2, 9-3, 9-4, 9-5, 9-6, 9-7, 9-8, 9-9, 9-10, 9-11, 9-12 are 12 metal strands of the outer conductor, 10-1, 10-2, 10-3, 10-4, 10-5, 10-6, 10-7, 10-8, 9-9 are 9 metal strands of the inner ring of the outer conductor, 11-1, 11-2, 11-3, 11-4,11-5, 11-6, 11-7, 11-8, 11-9, 11-10, 11-11, 11-12, 11-13, 11-14, 11-15 are 15 metal strands of the outer ring of the outer conductor, 12 is a protective metal tube, 13 is a protective filler, 14-1, 14-2, 14-3, 14-n-1 and 14-n optical fibers, 15-1, 15-2,15-3 and 15-4 are discontinuously distributed heating materials, 16-1,16-2,16-3 and 16-4 are discontinuously distributed insulating materials, 17 is a power supply, 18 is a transformer, 19-1, 19-2, 19-3 and 19-4 are switching circuits, 20 is a self-melting ice conductor, 21 is a communication module, 22 is a microprocessor, 23 is an icing induction module, 24 is a control center, 25 is an overhead transmission line ground wire and 26 is an overhead transmission line conductor.
(V) detailed description of the preferred embodiments
See figures 1-7.
The invention uses a self-melting ice conductor 20 which adopts a part of the structure of the conductor as a heating element, and the ice melting equipment is directly connected to the inner conductor 3 and the outer conductor 1 of the self-melting ice conductor 20.
The self-melting ice conductor 20 is in the form of a coaxial cable and comprises an outer conductor 1, a heating material 2 and an inner conductor 3. The inner conductor is cylindrical metal, the heating material is a heating material with a positive temperature coefficient effect, and the heating material 2 surrounds the outer edge of the inner conductor 3 and completely surrounds the periphery of the inner conductor, so that the inner conductor and the outer conductor are completely isolated, and the short circuit of the inner conductor and the outer conductor is avoided. The inner surface of the heating material is completely contacted with the outer surface of the inner conductor, and the outer surface of the heating material is completely contacted with the inner surface of the outer conductor; the outer conductor surrounds the heating material. When alternating current or direct current is applied between the inner conductor and the outer conductor, the heating material converts the electric energy into heat energy, so that the temperature of the conductor is increased, and ice outside the conductor is heated and melted. The voltage required for the heating material to generate heat is referred to as the heating material operating voltage.
The heating material is radiation cross-linked PTC semiconductor material produced by new material GmbH. The working voltage of the heating material is 220V of alternating current.
The inner conductor 1 is a single metal wire or a metal stranded wire or a metal pipe with an embedded optical fiber or a single alloy wire or an alloy stranded wire; the outer conductor 3 is a metal tube or an alloy tube or a metal stranded wire or an alloy stranded wire.
When the inner conductor is a single wire, the wire is made of metal or alloy or a metal pipe with an embedded optical fiber, and the metal pipe can have anticorrosion capacity or no anticorrosion capacity. The inner conductor can also be a metal stranded wire, and the stranded wire is metal or alloy, and can or cannot have corrosion resistance. The stranded wire may comprise one or more metal tubes with optical fibers embedded therein.
The outer conductor is metal or alloy which surrounds the heating material, and can be a metal tube or an alloy tube, or a metal stranded wire or an alloy stranded wire. Metals and alloys may or may not have corrosion protection capabilities. The stranded wire may comprise one or more metal tubes with embedded optical fibers.
The inner conductor is designed according to the national standard aluminum stranded wire of the people's republic of China and the specification of the aluminum stranded wire steel-cored GB1179, or the innermost circle of wires of the aluminum stranded wire steel-cored or the wires except the outermost circle of wires from inside to outside. If 3 circles of wires exist, the wires are respectively called a first circle, a second circle and a third circle from inside to outside. The inner conductor may be the first turn or the first and second turns. If there are 4 turns of wire, the wire is called the first turn, the second turn, the third turn and the fourth turn from inside to outside. The inner conductor may be a first turn, or may be a first turn and a second turn, or may be a first turn, a second turn and a third turn. If the wire has 5 turns, the wire is respectively called as a first turn, a second turn, a third turn, a fourth turn and a fifth turn from inside to outside. The inner conductor may be a first turn, or may be a first turn and a second turn, or may be a first turn, a second turn, a third turn, and a fourth turn.
The outer conductor is designed according to the aluminum stranded wire of the national standard of the people's republic of China and the specification of the aluminum stranded wire steel core GB1179 or all the wires of the aluminum stranded wire steel core except the inner conductor.
When the inner conductor is a self-melting ice conductor structure with a single metal wire, the single metal wire is one of a single steel wire, a single galvanized steel wire, a single aluminum-clad steel wire or a single metal pipe with an embedded optical fiber; the outer conductor is 6 or 18 metal stranded wires, and the metal stranded wires are one of 6 or 18 aluminum stranded wires, aluminum alloy stranded wires and aluminum-clad steel core stranded wires. As shown in fig. 3, the outer conductor is 6 metal strands. In the figure, 4-1, 4-2, 4-3, 4-4, 4-5 and 4-6 are 6 metal stranded wires of the outer conductor. As shown in fig. 4, the outer conductor is 18 metal strands, wherein the outer conductor is divided into 2 circles of arranged metal strands, 5-1, 5-2, 5-3, 5-4, 5-5, 5-6 are 6 metal strands of the inner circle of the outer conductor, and 6-1, 6-2, 6-3, 6-4, 6-5, 6-6, 6-7, 6-8, 6-9, 6-10, 6-11, 6-12 are 12 metal strands of the outer circle of the outer conductor.
When the inner conductor is a metal stranded wire, the metal stranded wire is one of 7 steel wire stranded wires, galvanized steel wires, aluminum-clad steel wires and metal tubes with embedded optical fibers. Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a self-melting ice conductor with 7 metal strands as an inner conductor and 12 metal strands as an outer conductor. The inner conductor is divided into 2 circles, 7 are metal wires at the innermost side of the inner conductor, and 8-1, 8-2, 8-3, 8-4, 8-5 and 8-6 metal stranded wires at the outer ring of the inner conductor. 9-1, 9-2, 9-3, 9-4, 9-5, 9-6, 9-7, 9-8, 9-9, 9-10, 9-11 and 9-12 are 12 metal stranded wires of the outer conductor.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a self-melting ice conductor with 7 metal strands as an inner conductor and 24 metal strands as an outer conductor. The inner conductor is divided into 2 circles, 7 is a metal wire at the innermost side of the inner conductor, and 8-1, 8-2, 8-3, 8-4, 8-5 and 8-6 metal stranded wires are arranged at the outer ring of the inner conductor. The outer conductor is also divided into 2 circles, 9 metal stranded wires of inner circles of the outer conductors are 10-1, 10-2, 10-3, 10-4, 10-5, 10-6, 10-7, 10-8 and 10-9, and 15 metal stranded wires of outer circles of the outer conductors are 11-1, 11-2, 11-3, 11-4,11-5, 11-6, 11-7, 11-8, 11-9, 11-10, 11-11, 11-12, 11-13, 11-14 and 11-15.
Referring to fig. 7, a schematic diagram of a metal tube structure with embedded optical fibers is shown. The metal pipe with the optical fibers embedded therein is composed of a protective metal pipe 12, a protective filler 13 and optical fibers 14-1, 14-2, 14-3, 14-n-1 and 14-n, wherein n optical fibers are placed outside and inside the protective metal pipe 12, and the protective filler 13 is filled between the optical fibers and the protective metal pipe.
See fig. 8, 9.
The heating material in the self-melting ice conductor can be distributed continuously or discontinuously. The heating material continuous distribution is schematically shown in fig. 8. The heating material in the self-melting ice conductor is discontinuously distributed as shown in figure 9.
The heating materials 2 in the self-melting ice conductor 20 are distributed in the coaxial cable discontinuously, the heating materials 15-1, 15-2,15-3 and 15-4 among the discontinuous distribution are filled with insulating materials 16-1,16-2,16-3 and 16-4, the adjacent heating materials are tightly connected with the insulating materials, and no gap is formed in the middle. The discontinuously distributed heating material is tubular. The example in the figure is four segments. The actual number of the gaps can be any according to the requirement. The discontinuously distributed insulating material is in a tubular shape. The example in the figure is four segments. The number of segments may be one less, equal, or more than one segment than the number of segments of heating material, as desired. The insulation may be fluoropolymer insulation or other insulation.
See fig. 10-12.
The automatic ice melting equipment is composed of a transformer 18, a switching circuit, a microprocessor 22, a communication module 21 and an icing induction module 23, wherein the microprocessor is connected with the communication module, the icing induction module and the switching circuit, receives a control signal of the communication module, transmits data to the communication module and receives data of the icing induction module, a control center transmits a control command to the microprocessor through the communication module, and the microprocessor responds to the command of the control center and controls the operation of the automatic ice melting equipment. The connection relation of the automatic ice melting equipment connected to the self-ice melting conductor is different from the design of a switching circuit and a transformer according to the difference of the self-ice melting conductor used as a non-transmission line, an overhead transmission line conductor and an overhead transmission line ground wire.
When the self-deicing conductor is used as a non-transmission line, the automatic deicing device is provided with two switch circuits 19-1 and 19-2; two ends of a power supply are connected to a primary winding of a transformer 18, the secondary winding of the transformer is connected with two switching circuits 19-1 and 19-2, two ends of the switching circuit 19-2 are respectively connected with one end of the secondary winding of the transformer and an inner conductor of a self-melting ice conductor, and two ends of the switching circuit 19-1 are respectively connected with the other end of the secondary winding of the transformer and an outer conductor of the self-melting ice conductor; the on-off states of the two switching circuits 19-1 and 19-2 are controlled by the microprocessor 22; inner conductor 3 and outer conductor 1 of self-melting ice conductor 20 are connected to switching circuits 19-2 and 19-1, respectively.
And the control center controls the operation of the automatic ice melting equipment through the communication module. The communication module is connected with the microprocessor and used for transmitting the control command of the control center to the microprocessor and transmitting the data of the microprocessor to the control center. The microprocessor is connected with the communication module, the icing induction module and the two switch circuits, receives the control signal of the communication module, transmits data to the communication module and receives the data of the icing induction module. And controlling the on-off of the switch circuit according to the control center command sent by the data of the icing induction module and the communication module. The icing induction module is connected with the microprocessor and sends induction data to the microprocessor.
When the self-melting ice conductor is used as an overhead transmission line conductor, the automatic melting ice equipment is provided with a switch circuit 19-3, an inner conductor 3 of the self-melting ice conductor is connected to one end of the switch circuit 19-3, and an outer conductor 1 of the self-melting ice conductor is connected with an output power supply of a transformer substation of an overhead transmission system; in the automatic ice melting equipment, an outer conductor 1 of a self-ice melting conductor and an overhead transmission line ground wire system are respectively connected to two ends of a primary winding of a transformer 18; two ends of the secondary winding of the transformer 18 are respectively connected with the switch circuit 19-3 and an overhead transmission line ground wire system; two ends of the switch circuit 19-3 are respectively connected with one end of the secondary winding of the transformer 18 and the inner conductor 3 of the self-melting ice conductor; the switch circuit is controlled by the microprocessor.
And the control center controls the operation of the automatic ice melting equipment through the communication module. The communication module is connected with the microprocessor and used for transmitting the control command of the control center to the microprocessor and transmitting the data of the microprocessor to the control center. The microprocessor is connected with the communication module, the icing induction module and the switch circuit, receives the control signal of the communication module, transmits data to the communication module and receives the data of the icing induction module. And controlling the on-off of the switch circuit according to the control center command sent by the data of the icing induction module and the communication module. The icing induction module is connected with the microprocessor and sends induction data to the microprocessor.
When the self-ice-melting conductor is used as the ground wire of the overhead transmission line, the automatic ice-melting equipment is provided with a switch circuit 19-4, an inner conductor 3 of the self-ice-melting conductor is connected to one end of the switch circuit 19-4, and an outer conductor 1 of the self-ice-melting conductor is connected with the ground wire system of the overhead transmission line; in the automatic ice melting equipment, an outer conductor 1 of a self-ice melting conductor and an overhead transmission line conductor 26 are respectively connected to two ends of a primary winding of a transformer 18, and when the overhead transmission line conductor adopts the self-ice melting conductor of the invention, the primary winding is connected with the outer conductor of the overhead transmission line conductor 26; two ends of a secondary winding of the transformer 18 are respectively connected with the switch circuit 19-4 and the outer conductor 1 of the self-melting ice conductor; two ends of the switch circuit 19-4 are respectively connected with one end of the secondary winding of the transformer 18 and the inner conductor 3 of the self-melting ice conductor; the switch circuit is controlled by the microprocessor.
And the control center controls the operation of the automatic ice melting equipment through the communication module. The communication module is connected with the microprocessor and used for transmitting the control command of the control center to the microprocessor and transmitting the data of the microprocessor to the control center. The microprocessor is connected with the communication module, the icing induction module and the switch circuit, receives the control signal of the communication module, transmits data to the communication module and receives the data of the icing induction module. And controlling the on-off of the switch circuit according to the control center command sent by the data of the icing induction module and the communication module. The icing induction module is connected with the microprocessor and sends induction data to the microprocessor.
When the self-melting ice conductor is used as a non-power transmission system, the input voltage of a primary winding of the transformer 18 is a power supply voltage, and the output voltage of a secondary winding is a working voltage of a heating material; when the self-melting ice conductor is used as an overhead transmission line conductor, the input voltage of the primary winding of the transformer 18 is the transmission line conductor voltage, and the output voltage of the secondary winding is the transmission line conductor voltage minus the heating material working voltage, or the transmission line conductor voltage plus the heating material working voltage; when the self-melting ice conductor is used as the ground wire of the overhead transmission line, the input voltage of the primary winding of the transformer 18 is the conductor voltage of the transmission line, and the output voltage of the secondary winding is the working voltage of the heating material.
See fig. 13-18.
FIG. 13 shows a switching circuit, KT Ohlong, LY1-J, UT1, TLP521, manufactured by Toshiba, japan. QT4 is a Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation of the United states, SS9013,
QT1 is a company Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation, USA: IN4148.
The switch port A is connected with the transformer, and the switch port B is connected with the inner conductor or the outer conductor of the self-melting ice conductor.
RELAYIN1 is connected to the circuit homonymous network of the microprocessor.
In this embodiment, the microprocessor is produced by TEXAS INSTRUMENTENTS, USA, U11: MSP430F5438: SCM, as shown in FIG. 14. The schematic diagram of the microprocessor RS232 interface is shown in FIG. 15. In the figure, U8: MAX232 RS232 interface chip, manufactured by Maxim corporation of America.
The five-to-three-volt power conversion circuit is shown in fig. 16, the three-to-two-volt power conversion circuit is shown in fig. 17, and the jtag circuit is shown in fig. 18. In the figure, UP18: LM26400Y: power conversion chip, manufactured by NATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOTR, USA.
The communication module can be an optical fiber communication module or a wireless transmission communication module. The embodiment adopts a wireless transmission communication module: manufactured by Beijing Accept communication equipments Co., ltd: g300 type GSM data transmission module. The G300 type GSM data transmission module interface is connected with the RS232 interface of the microprocessor.
The icing induction module adopts a GD-FB power transmission circuit icing on-line monitoring system produced by Wuhan national electric power long-term power equipment Limited. The monitoring data is sent to the microprocessor.
In the invention, the control center controls the operation of the automatic ice melting equipment through the communication module. The communication module is connected with the microprocessor and used for transmitting the control command of the control center to the microprocessor and transmitting the data of the microprocessor to the control center.
The control program of the microprocessor is:
the first step is as follows: receiving a control center command through a communication module;
the second step is that: analyze control center commands for the onset of ice melting? If yes, entering a seventh step; if not, entering a third step;
the third step: analyze control center commands for the end of ice melting? If yes, entering a sixth step; if not, entering the fourth step;
the fourth step: is the control center command analyzed, is the icing sensing module controlling the switching circuit? If yes, entering a fifth step; if not, entering the first step;
the fifth step: determine if ice is found by the ice sensing module? No ice: entering the sixth step; entering the seventh step when ice exists;
and a sixth step: switching off a switching circuit, and entering a first step;
the seventh step: and turning on a switching circuit to enter a first step.
Claims (8)
1. An apparatus for melting ice from an ice melting conductor, comprising: a part of the structure of the conductor is used as a self-melting ice conductor (20) of a heating element, and the ice melting equipment is directly connected to an inner conductor (3) and an outer conductor (1) of the self-melting ice conductor (20);
the self-melting ice conductor (20) is in a coaxial cable form and comprises an outer conductor (1), a heating material (2) and an inner conductor (3); the inner conductor is cylindrical metal, the heating material is a heating material with a positive temperature coefficient effect, the heating material (2) surrounds the outer side of the inner conductor (3) and completely surrounds the periphery of the inner conductor, so that the inner conductor and the outer conductor are completely isolated, and the inner conductor and the outer conductor are prevented from being short-circuited; the inner surface of the heating material is completely contacted with the outer surface of the inner conductor, and the outer surface of the heating material is completely contacted with the inner surface of the outer conductor; the outer conductor surrounds the heating material;
the inner conductor is a single metal wire or a metal stranded wire or a metal pipe with an embedded optical fiber or a single alloy wire or an alloy stranded wire; the outer conductor is a metal pipe or an alloy pipe or a metal stranded wire or an alloy stranded wire;
the automatic ice melting equipment consists of a transformer (18), a switching circuit, a microprocessor (22), a communication module (21) and an icing induction module (23), wherein the microprocessor is connected with the communication module, the icing induction module and the switching circuit, receives a control signal of the communication module, transmits data to the communication module and receives data of the icing induction module, the control center transmits a control command to the microprocessor through the control of the communication module, and the microprocessor responds to the command of the control center and controls the operation of the automatic ice melting equipment;
when the self-deicing conductor is used as a non-transmission line, the automatic deicing device is provided with a first switch circuit (19-1) and a second switch circuit (19-2); two ends of a power supply are connected to a primary winding of a transformer (18), a secondary winding of the transformer is connected with a first switch circuit (19-1) and a second switch circuit (19-2), two ends of the second switch circuit (19-2) are respectively connected with one end of the secondary winding of the transformer and an inner conductor of a self-ice-melting conductor, and two ends of the first switch circuit (19-1) are respectively connected with the other end of the secondary winding of the transformer and an outer conductor of the self-ice-melting conductor; the switch states of the first switch circuit (19-1) and the second switch circuit (19-2) are controlled by the microprocessor (22); the inner conductor (3) and the outer conductor (1) of the self-melting ice conductor (20) are respectively connected to the second switch circuit (19-2) and the first switch circuit (19-1);
when the self-ice-melting conductor is used as an overhead transmission line conductor, the automatic ice-melting equipment is provided with a switch circuit, an inner conductor (3) of the self-ice-melting conductor is connected to one end of the switch circuit, and an outer conductor (1) of the self-ice-melting conductor is connected with an output power supply of an overhead transmission line system transformer substation; in the automatic ice melting equipment, an outer conductor (1) of a self-ice melting conductor and an overhead transmission line ground wire system (25) are respectively connected to two ends of a primary winding of a transformer (18), and two ends of a secondary winding of the transformer are respectively connected with a switch circuit and the overhead transmission line ground wire system (25); two ends of the switch circuit are respectively connected with one end of a secondary winding of the transformer (18) and the inner conductor (3) of the self-melting ice conductor; the switch circuit is controlled by the microprocessor;
when the self-deicing conductor is used as an overhead ground wire of an overhead transmission line, the automatic deicing device is provided with a switch circuit, an inner conductor (3) of the self-deicing conductor is connected to one end of the switch circuit, and an outer conductor (1) of the self-deicing conductor is connected with a ground wire system of the overhead transmission line; in the automatic ice melting equipment, an outer conductor (1) of a self-ice melting conductor and an overhead transmission line conductor (26) are respectively connected to two ends of a primary winding of a transformer (18), and when the overhead transmission line conductor adopts the self-ice melting conductor, the primary winding is connected with the outer conductor of the overhead transmission line conductor (26); two ends of a secondary winding of the transformer (18) are respectively connected with the switch circuit and an outer conductor (1) of the self-melting ice conductor; two ends of the switch circuit are respectively connected with one end of a secondary winding of the transformer (18) and the inner conductor (3) of the self-melting ice conductor; the switch circuit is controlled by the microprocessor;
the control program of the microprocessor is:
the first step is as follows: receiving a control center command through a communication module;
the second step is that: does the control center command analyze, start melting ice? If yes, entering a seventh step; no, enter into
A third step;
the third step: analyze control center commands for the end of ice melting? If yes, entering a sixth step; otherwise, go to the first step
Fourthly, performing secondary drying;
the fourth step: is the control center command analyzed, is the icing sensing module controlling the switching circuit? Is to enter
The fifth step; if not, entering the first step;
the fifth step: determine if ice is found by the ice sensing module? No ice: entering the sixth step; entering the seventh step when ice exists;
and a sixth step: switching off a switching circuit, and entering a first step;
the seventh step: and turning on a switching circuit to enter a first step.
2. Apparatus for melting ice from a conductor melted with ice as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: when the inner conductor is a single metal wire, the single metal wire is one of a single steel wire, a single galvanized steel wire, a single aluminum-clad steel wire or a single metal pipe with an embedded optical fiber; the outer conductor is 6 or 18 metal stranded wires, and the metal stranded wires are one of 6 or 18 aluminum stranded wires, aluminum alloy stranded wires and aluminum-clad steel core stranded wires.
3. Apparatus for melting ice from a conductor melted with ice as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: when the inner conductor or the outer conductor is a metal strand or an alloy strand, one or more of the metal strand or the alloy strand is replaced by a metal tube in which an optical fiber is embedded.
4. Apparatus for melting ice from a conductor melted with ice as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: when the inner conductor is a metal stranded wire, the metal stranded wire is one of 7 steel wire stranded wires, galvanized steel wires, an aluminum-clad steel core wire and a metal pipe with an embedded optical fiber; the outer conductor is one of 12 or 24 aluminum stranded wires, aluminum alloy stranded wires, aluminum-clad steel core stranded wires and metal tubes with embedded optical fibers.
5. Apparatus for melting ice from a conductor melted with ice as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the inner conductor is an aluminum stranded wire designed according to the national standard aluminum stranded wire of the people's republic of China and the specification of an aluminum stranded steel wire core GB1179 or an innermost circle of wires of the aluminum stranded steel wire core, or wires except the outermost circle of wires from inside to outside; the outer conductor can be an aluminum stranded wire designed according to the national standard aluminum stranded wire of the people's republic of China and the specification of an aluminum steel-cored stranded wire GB1179 or all the wires of the aluminum steel-cored stranded wire except the inner conductor.
6. Ice melting apparatus for self melting ice conductors as claimed in claim 1 or 3, characterised in that: the metal pipe with the embedded optical fibers is composed of a protective metal pipe (12), protective fillers (13) and optical fibers (14-1, 14-2, 14-3, 14-n-1 and 14-n), wherein n optical fibers are placed inside the protective metal pipe (12) outside, and the protective fillers (13) are filled between the optical fibers and the protective metal pipe.
7. Ice melting apparatus for self melting ice conductors as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterised in that: when the self-melting ice conductor is used as a non-power transmission system, the input voltage of a primary winding of a transformer (18) is a power supply voltage, and the output voltage of a secondary winding is a heating material working voltage; when the self-melting ice conductor is used as an overhead transmission line conductor, the input voltage of a primary winding of a transformer (18) is the transmission line conductor voltage, and the output voltage of a secondary winding is the transmission line conductor voltage minus the heating material working voltage, or the transmission line conductor voltage plus the heating material working voltage; when the self-melting ice conductor is used as the ground wire of the overhead transmission line, the input voltage of the primary winding of the transformer (18) is the conductor voltage of the transmission line, and the output voltage of the secondary winding is the working voltage of the heating material.
8. Ice melting apparatus for self melting ice conductors as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the heating materials in the self-melting ice conductor (20) are distributed in the coaxial cable in an interrupted distribution mode, the heating materials among the interrupted distribution are filled with insulating materials (16-1, 16-2,16-3 and 16-4), the adjacent heating materials are tightly connected with the insulating materials, and no gap exists in the middle.
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