CN103489277B - The fire early-warning system of on-line monitoring electric wiring resistance parameter - Google Patents
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Abstract
The present invention relates to electric system, object is to provide a kind of fire early-warning system of on-line monitoring electric wiring resistance parameter, comprise fire alarm control center and distribution network, described fire alarm control center is configured with data analysis and storer and hotspot's distribution and image display, described distribution network arranges multi-channel field measuring instrument, field data is transferred to fire alarm subsystem by this multi-channel field measuring instrument, fire alarm subsystem and data analysis and storer, hotspot's distribution and image display data network communications.In described distribution network, detect the power transmission line resistance of each supply line, the contact resistance of each connection point and the leakage resistance between each circuit and ground, survey power transmission line resistance, contact resistance and leakage resistance data and be uploaded to fire alarm subsystem by multi-channel field measuring instrument.Native system, by monitoring electrical quantity out of control for a long time, avoids failing to judge and misjudging in the past to early warning information, and the validity of monitoring and accuracy are broken through.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electric system, refer to a kind of fire early-warning system of on-line monitoring electric wiring resistance parameter especially.
Background technology
As everyone knows, electric wiring, in the process of electric energy transmitting, due to the existence of power line conductor self-resistance, must consume certain electric energy.The network system of electric energy transmitting, except power line conductor, also will be equipped with multiple electrical equipment and could form complete generating, transmission of electricity, distribution and using electricity system.These electrical equipments comprise: various transformer, switch, socket, contactor, motor and various work civil electric appliance, and various electrical equipment is all connected by conductor, and the connection of conductor will inevitably produce contact resistance.Except this, also have conductor or the leakage resistance between equipment and the earth.Under normal circumstances, these resistance consumption electric energy number, submit to Ohm law and coherence law, and be converted into heat energy and conductor temp .-elevating heated up produce heat energy to be not sufficient to damage power transmission line and electrical equipment itself, also can not therefore generate heat and lead to fire.
But the fact existed is, because the maintenance of power transmission line and electrical equipment is improper, human factor and natural cause all may make each resistance parameter of electric wiring change, make transmitted electric current surprisingly increase or reduce, and therefore on line resistance, contact resistance and insulation resistance, produce very large voltage drop or leakage current.And the generation of electrical fire generally has two kinds of situations: one is because some tie point place contact resistance of circuit increases, even if when the electric current also in ratings is by this resistance, also can produce the high heat in local, ignite periphery insulating material or fire goods; Two is because line insulation is damaged, and causes resistance decreasing, even short circuit between electric wiring and the earth, produces Local Instantaneous big current, and then makes conductor temp .-elevating and igniting flammable items.
Therefore for avoiding fire, being necessary to monitor the hot stall that supply line and equipment place current break cause at any time, and making disaster hidden-trouble early warning according to testing result.Traditional electric fire disaster warning system, all adopt zero sequence current mutual inductor detection method, when namely passing through zero-sequence transformer by detection three-phase or biphase current, the size of the residual current of its secondary side induction judges the drain conditions of line insulation resistance and insulation damages. and then judge whether to send fire alarm.The detection method of this employing zero sequence current mutual inductor can only be used for above-mentioned the second situation, and the leakage current namely produced because line insulation resistance declines detects.But pass over three-phase or the two-phase circuit of zero sequence current mutual inductor, the reason that out-of-balance current occurs, except producing except leakage current because line insulation resistance declines, also has caused by each phase load imbalance of three characteristics of the middle term circuit.In the unbalanced situation of threephase load, can induce zero-sequence current equally at zero sequence current mutual inductor secondary side, in electric power system, threephase load imbalance is ubiquitous phenomenon.How distinguishing the zero-sequence current produced at zero sequence current mutual inductor secondary side is because insulation resistance declines, or produce because threephase load is uneven, this is the defect of the electric fire disaster warning system utilizing zero sequence current mutual inductor detection method, and usually therefore defect and cause erroneous judgement.
In addition, adopt zero sequence current mutual inductor detection method, can not detect the contact resistance of electric wiring and line resistance, thus also cannot for the first situation above-mentioned.In the first situation above-mentioned, the contact resistance of electric wiring tie point is also in runaway condition completely, and this out of control exactly, and in the origin cause of formation of electrical fire, the case caused because of the heating of electrical equipment contact point account for very large proportion.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of fire early-warning system of on-line monitoring electric wiring resistance parameter, and it can realize effective monitoring to power transmission line resistance, contact resistance and the leakage resistance in network system.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that a kind of fire early-warning system of on-line monitoring electric wiring resistance parameter, comprise fire alarm control center and distribution network, described fire alarm control center is configured with data analysis and storer and hotspot's distribution and image display, described distribution network arranges multi-channel field measuring instrument, field data is transferred to fire alarm subsystem by this multi-channel field measuring instrument, fire alarm subsystem and data analysis and storer, hotspot's distribution and image display data network communications.In described distribution network, detect the power transmission line resistance of each supply line, the contact resistance of each connection point and the leakage resistance between each circuit and ground, survey power transmission line resistance, contact resistance and leakage resistance data and be uploaded to fire alarm subsystem by multi-channel field measuring instrument.
Above-mentioned fire alarm control center adopts existing grid monitoring system, be generally the alert status of display monitoring directly perceived point, it converts the forms such as image to by computer software, data analysis and storer are as historical data storage medium, hotspot's distribution and image display are generally large-sized aobvious screen etc., facilitate commanding to organize common investigation.For the electrical network of upper scale, power supply branch road is as many as hundred, often need fire alarm subsystem by Region dividing to monitor step by step, fire alarm subsystem equally has control desk etc. with fire alarm control center, and by multi-channel field measuring instrument receive from bottom detected parameters, and the data after process are uploaded to concentrated remote fire forewarn center by data transmission network network layers, for convenience of transmission and guarantee reliability, data transmission network network layers can be internet or Ethernet etc.
The electrical quantity monitored of native system more in the past early warning system proposes the monitoring to power transmission line resistance, contact resistance and leakage resistance, and in conjunction with conventional monitoring parameter---electric current, voltage, power factor (PF) etc. accurately can calculate the heat condition of circuit, and the distribution situation of each resistance parameter of electrical power distribution network, monitor staff makes whether sending disaster hidden-trouble early warning accordingly, and whether carries out the decision of plant maintenance maintenance.By monitoring electrical quantity out of control for a long time, avoid failing to judge and misjudging in the past to early warning information, the validity of monitoring and accuracy are broken through.
Normally, described distribution network comprises the power distribution cabinet of built-in central processing unit, and it is of the present invention one large crucial for how recording power transmission line resistance and contact resistance.As shown in the figure, current/voltage detection reference is set at the output cable beginning of power distribution cabinet and voltage detecting distal point is set in output cable ends, according to the profile segment of apparatus of load between current/voltage detection reference and voltage detecting distal point, current/voltage check point is set, the detected value of described current/voltage detection reference, voltage detecting distal point and each current/voltage check point transfers to the central processing unit of power distribution cabinet, and this central processing unit computing obtains power transmission line resistance and contact resistance data.
Concrete, for two-way load under a power distribution cabinet, what use is segmentation pressure differential detection method, and its main points are: the voltage at each important node place of segmentation detection line, and Simultaneously test flows through the current value of each section.Its specific practice is, by electric wiring in units of branch road of powering, by current trend, according to apparatus of load distribution situation and actual needs, be divided into two sections, except current/voltage detection reference, voltage detecting distal point arrange two check points, i.e. current/voltage first check point of corresponding first load and current/voltage first check point of corresponding second load, then carry out measure voltage & current to these 2 respectively.
Electric current in power supply buses, adopts prior art to obtain; Power transmission line resistance on transmission of electricity bus, in conjunction with conductive material, sectional area, the data such as length can obtain; Contact resistance passes through the voltage of testing apparatus electric current inlet side and electric outflow end respectively, obtain pressure drop, check point records the electric current of loaded line, the current and voltage data of current/voltage detection reference can directly read in the existing instrument of power distribution cabinet, parameter is obtained in conjunction with above-mentioned, according to the pre-designed algorithm routine of Ohm law, central processing unit follow procedure calculates and obtains contact resistance.Between each point survey data and transmitted by data transmission cable, data transmission cable can be CAN or other wireless communication mode.
To transmission of electricity bus and device housings or greatly between megger test, described power transmission line is overlapped with isolating transformer, a winding of this isolating transformer is connected with tested phase line, this isolating transformer Secondary Winding is connected between tested power transmission line and ground, described tested power transmission line connects the Secondary Winding of isolating transformer by relay switch, described relay switch is controlled by relay, relay is connected to controller, and described controller calculates the leakage resistance between circuit and ground by the leakage current value that mutual inductor records isolating transformer Secondary Winding.
A winding of isolating transformer is directly connected with bus, and Secondary Winding one end is connected with tested bus by relay switch, and the other end is with electrical appliance enclosure or be connected greatly.When relay adhesive, online when applying interchange (or direct current) voltage independent of bus, detected the electric current flowing through this Secondary Winding by micro mutual inductor, be insulation leakagel volume leakage stream, and can leakage resistance be calculated with this.If order attracting electric relay, can test three-phase bus insulation against ground resistance (i.e. leakage resistance) respectively.Apparently, suitably increase relay transit point, can order detect more line insulation situation and leakage resistance respectively.
Described controller is PLC processor or single-chip microcomputer, and it also can merge with the central processing unit in power distribution cabinet, and it specifically implements to belong to industry technology, repeats no more here.
Fire alarm subsystem in this programme comprises computing machine, this computing machine and data analysis and be Internet data transmission mode between storer, hotspot's distribution and image display.The electrical quantity that all each points detect and real-time ambient temperature data etc., all be input in the computing machine of fire alarm subsystem, the computing machine of described fire alarm subsystem calculates the heat generation parameter on institute's survey line road according to power transmission line resistance, contact resistance and leakage resistance data, finally draw the concrete outcome of reflection field condition.For testing environment temperature data, described multi-channel field measuring instrument also comprises the thermometric instrument of testing environment temperature.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, be briefly described to the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the fire early-warning system of a kind of on-line monitoring electric wiring of the present invention resistance parameter;
Fig. 2 is the circuit theory diagrams of a kind of testing contact resistance and power transmission line resistance;
Fig. 3 is a kind of circuit theory diagrams testing leakage resistance.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, be clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
A kind of fire early-warning system of on-line monitoring electric wiring resistance parameter, as shown in Figure 1, comprise fire alarm control center 1 and distribution network 7, described fire alarm control center 1 is configured with data analysis and storer 2 and hotspot's distribution and image display 3, described distribution network 7 arranges multi-channel field measuring instrument 6, field data is transferred to fire alarm subsystem 5 by this multi-channel field measuring instrument 6, fire alarm subsystem 5 and data analysis and storer 2, hotspot's distribution and image display 3 data network communications.In described distribution network 7, detect the power transmission line resistance of each supply line, the contact resistance of each connection point and the leakage resistance between each circuit and ground, survey power transmission line resistance, contact resistance and leakage resistance data and be uploaded to fire alarm subsystem 5 by multi-channel field measuring instrument 6.
Above-mentioned fire alarm control center 1 adopts existing grid monitoring system, be generally the alert status of display monitoring directly perceived point, it converts the forms such as image to by computer software, data analysis and storer 2 are as historical data storage medium, hotspot's distribution and image display 3 are generally large-sized aobvious screen etc., facilitate commanding to organize common investigation.For the electrical network of upper scale, power supply branch road is as many as hundred, often need fire alarm subsystem 5 by Region dividing to monitor step by step, fire alarm subsystem 5 equally has control desk etc. with fire alarm control center 1, and by multi-channel field measuring instrument 6 receive from bottom detected parameters, and the data after process are uploaded to concentrated remote fire forewarn center 1 by data transmission network network layers 4, for convenience of transmission and guarantee reliability, data transmission network network layers 4 can be internet or Ethernet etc.
The electrical quantity monitored of native system more in the past early warning system proposes the monitoring to power transmission line resistance, contact resistance and leakage resistance, and in conjunction with conventional monitoring parameter---electric current, voltage, power factor (PF) etc. accurately can calculate the heat condition of circuit, and the distribution situation of each resistance parameter of electrical power distribution network, monitor staff makes whether sending disaster hidden-trouble early warning accordingly, and whether carries out the decision of plant maintenance maintenance.By monitoring electrical quantity out of control for a long time, avoid failing to judge and misjudging in the past to early warning information, the validity monitored can be broken through by accuracy.
Normally, described distribution network 7 comprises the power distribution cabinet 71 of built-in central processing unit, and it is of the present invention one large crucial for how recording power transmission line resistance and contact resistance.As shown in Figure 2, current/voltage detection reference 72 is set at the output cable beginning of power distribution cabinet 71 and voltage detecting distal point 73 is set in output cable ends, according to the profile segment of apparatus of load between current/voltage detection reference 72 and voltage detecting distal point 73, current/voltage check point is set, the detected value of described current/voltage detection reference 72, voltage detecting distal point 73 and each current/voltage check point transfers to the central processing unit of power distribution cabinet 71, and this central processing unit computing obtains power transmission line resistance and contact resistance data.
Concrete, for the 71 times two-way loads of a power distribution cabinet, see Fig. 2, what used is segmentation pressure differential detection method, its main points are: the voltage at each important node place of segmentation detection line, and Simultaneously test flows through the current value of each section, its specific practice is, by electric wiring in units of branch road of powering, by current trend, according to apparatus of load distribution situation and actual needs, be divided into two sections, except current/voltage detection reference 72, voltage detecting distal point 73 arranges two check points, i.e. current/voltage first check point 74 of corresponding first load 77 and current/voltage first check point 75 of corresponding second load 78, measure voltage & current is carried out respectively again to these 2.For the electric current and voltage test on circuit, non-contact type current, voltage sensor can be adopted.
In Fig. 2, Ia, Ib, Ic, Ia2, Ib2, Ic2 are the electric current in power supply buses, adopt prior art to obtain, Ra1 ~ Ra3, Rb1 ~ Rb3, Rc1 ~ Rc3 are the power transmission line resistance on transmission of electricity bus, in conjunction with conductive material, and sectional area, the data such as length can obtain, R1a, R1b, R1c, R2a, R2b, R2c is the contact resistance between power transmission line and load, check point records current/voltage, I1a, I1b, I1c, I2a, I2b, I2c is the electric current of loaded line, the current and voltage data of current/voltage detection reference 72 can directly read in the existing instrument of power distribution cabinet, in conjunction with check point voltage, the voltage difference of voltage detecting reference point 72 and current/voltage first check point 74 can be obtained, parameter is obtained in conjunction with above-mentioned, according to the pre-designed algorithm routine of Ohm law, central processing unit follow procedure calculates and obtains contact resistance R1a, R1b, R1c, R2a, R2b, R2c in like manner.Between each point survey data and transmitted by data transmission cable 76, data transmission cable 76 can be CAN or other wireless communication mode.
To transmission of electricity bus and device housings or greatly between megger test, as shown in Figure 3, described power transmission line is overlapped with isolating transformer B, a winding of this isolating transformer B is connected with tested phase line, this isolating transformer B Secondary Winding is connected between tested power transmission line and ground, described tested power transmission line connects the Secondary Winding of isolating transformer B by relay switch K1 ~ K3, described relay switch K1 ~ K3 is controlled by relay J 1 ~ J3, relay J 1 ~ J3 is connected to controller 710, described controller 710 calculates the leakage resistance Rka ~ Rkc between circuit and ground by leakage current value Ika ~ Ikc that mutual inductor T records isolating transformer B Secondary Winding.
Figure 3 shows that example, it is feed injection detection method, and a winding of isolating transformer B is directly connected with bus A, B, and Secondary Winding one end is connected with tested bus by relay switch K1 ~ K3, and the other end is with electrical appliance enclosure or be connected greatly.When relay J 1 or J2 or J3 adhesive, online when applying interchange (or direct current) voltage independent of bus, detected the electric current flowing through this Secondary Winding by micro mutual inductor T, be insulation leakagel volume leakage stream Ika ~ Ikc, and leakage resistance Rka ~ Rkc can be calculated with this.If order attracting electric relay J1 ~ J3, can test three-phase bus insulation against ground resistance (i.e. leakage resistance) respectively.Apparently, suitably increase relay transit point, can order detect more line insulation situation and leakage resistance respectively.
Controller 710 described in Fig. 3 is PLC processor or single-chip microcomputer, it also can merge into same PLC processor or single-chip microcomputer with the central processing unit in power distribution cabinet, under circuit abnormal conditions, can control the transmission of electricity break-make of anomalous line, it specifically implements to belong to industry technology, repeats no more here.
Fire alarm subsystem 5 in this programme comprises computing machine, this computing machine and be Internet data transmission mode between data analysis and storer 2, hotspot's distribution and image display 3.Fire alarm subsystem 5 can control the break-make of supply line, also can perform the control electricity instruction of fire alarm control center 1.The electrical quantity that all each points detect and real-time ambient temperature data etc., all be input in the computing machine of fire alarm subsystem 5, the computing machine of described fire alarm subsystem 5 calculates the heat generation parameter on institute's survey line road according to power transmission line resistance, contact resistance and leakage resistance data, finally draw the concrete outcome of reflection field condition.For testing environment temperature data, described multi-channel field measuring instrument 6 also comprises the thermometric instrument of testing environment temperature.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. the fire early-warning system of an on-line monitoring electric wiring resistance parameter, comprise fire alarm control center (1) and distribution network (7), described fire alarm control center (1) is configured with data analysis and storer (2) and hotspot's distribution and image display (3), described distribution network (7) arranges multi-channel field measuring instrument (6), field data is transferred to fire alarm subsystem (5) by this multi-channel field measuring instrument (6), fire alarm subsystem (5) and data analysis and storer (2), hotspot's distribution and image display (3) data network communications, it is characterized in that: the power transmission line resistance detecting each supply line in described distribution network (7), each contact resistance of connection point and the leakage resistance between each circuit and ground, survey power transmission line resistance, contact resistance and leakage resistance data are uploaded to fire alarm subsystem (5) by multi-channel field measuring instrument (6).
2. the fire early-warning system of on-line monitoring electric wiring resistance parameter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described distribution network (7) comprises the power distribution cabinet (71) of built-in central processing unit, the output cable beginning of this power distribution cabinet (71) arranges current/voltage detection reference (72) and arranges voltage detecting distal point (73) in output cable ends, according to the profile segment of apparatus of load between current/voltage detection reference (72) and voltage detecting distal point (73), current/voltage check point is set, described current/voltage detection reference (72), the detected value of voltage detecting distal point (73) and each current/voltage check point transfers to the central processing unit of power distribution cabinet (71), this central processing unit computing obtains power transmission line resistance and contact resistance data.
3. the fire early-warning system of on-line monitoring electric wiring resistance parameter according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the built-in central processing unit of described power distribution cabinet (71) is PLC processor, and described current/voltage check point comprises non-contact type current, voltage sensor.
4. the fire early-warning system of on-line monitoring electric wiring resistance parameter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described power transmission line is overlapped with isolating transformer, a winding of this isolating transformer is connected with tested phase line, this isolating transformer Secondary Winding is connected between tested power transmission line and ground, described tested power transmission line connects the Secondary Winding of isolating transformer by relay switch, described relay switch is controlled is connected to controller (710), described controller (710) calculates the leakage resistance between circuit and ground by the leakage current value that mutual inductor records isolating transformer Secondary Winding.
5. the fire early-warning system of on-line monitoring electric wiring resistance parameter according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described controller (710) is PLC processor.
6. the fire early-warning system of on-line monitoring electric wiring resistance parameter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described fire alarm subsystem (5) comprises computing machine, this computing machine and data analysis and be Internet data transmission mode between storer (2), hotspot's distribution and image display (3).
7. the fire early-warning system of on-line monitoring electric wiring resistance parameter according to any one of claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that: described multi-channel field measuring instrument (6) also comprises the thermometric instrument of testing environment temperature, the computing machine of described fire alarm subsystem (5) calculates the heat generation parameter on institute's survey line road according to power transmission line resistance, contact resistance and leakage resistance data.
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| CN104537789B (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2017-07-14 | 凯明威(天津)电气设备科技有限公司 | A kind of electrical fire monitoring detection device with fire hazard aerosol fog detection alarm function |
| CN106304436B (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2022-11-25 | 四川大学 | Ice melting equipment for self-melting ice conductor |
| CN108982947A (en) * | 2018-05-23 | 2018-12-11 | 重庆祥泰电气有限公司 | Electric wiring with subsidiary function and electric parameter measurement method |
| CN109856509B (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2021-08-17 | 西安华瑞网电科技股份有限公司 | Effectively-grounded three-phase insulation type electric fire online prevention and control device and method |
| TWI769674B (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2022-07-01 | 中興保全科技股份有限公司 | Monitoring device for sensing wire conduction and wire condition |
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