CN1063002A - Motor wheel on the wheeled means of transportation - Google Patents
Motor wheel on the wheeled means of transportation Download PDFInfo
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- CN1063002A CN1063002A CN 90106075 CN90106075A CN1063002A CN 1063002 A CN1063002 A CN 1063002A CN 90106075 CN90106075 CN 90106075 CN 90106075 A CN90106075 A CN 90106075A CN 1063002 A CN1063002 A CN 1063002A
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Abstract
Be electric automobile, bicycle, a kind of motor wheel that Wheelchair is used, wherein the electromagnet of current-collector formula motor rotor 12 is arranged along circumferential arrangement in each group that staggers mutually in couples, and the stator 9 distribution current collectors 6 that are knotted electric energy accumulator 32 by being electrically connected have following structure: when the magnetic axis 17 of one group of electromagnet 14,18 when coinciding with the magnetic axis of stator magnetic element 11, electromagnet 14 just can be connected by device 32 with the electricity poultry, and when the magnetic axis 18 of second group of electromagnet, 19 when not coinciding with the magnetic axis of corresponding stator 9 magnetic elements 11, and these electromagnet 15 are just connected voltage regulating device 36.It is a kind of motor wheel that can reclaim back electromotive force.
Description
What the present invention relates to is motor on the means of transportation, more precisely, be meant the motor-driving wheel group (motor wheel) on the wheeled means of transportation, also promptly as electric bicycle, Wheelchair, carrier in the workshop, electric automobile, electric tractor, the motor wheel on battery vehicle, miniature electric bus, various electric powered steering frame and the scooter.
The existing motor wheel construction that comes out is nothing but a kind of electric motor assembly that rotation is passed to wheel by gearbox and shaft mechanical ground.
The more such motors that also have that come out are taken turns, and wherein do not have the transmission mechanism of gyration, and for example the fluid power motor is taken turns (SU, A, 1357257) or used compressed-air actuated motor wheel (SU, A, 1050920).
Most promising structure is: wherein Lun revolution is decided by the electromagnetic interaction between the magnetic system of stator and rotor, is not by reducing gear (SU, A, 628008).
Also might use with the motor wheel of internal combustion engine as prime mover.But so not only because to use fuel, add extra lubricated and cooling system, overall dimension is big and of poor benefits, also since the pollution surrounding environment be out of favour.
The motor wheel that reduction box and asynchronous machine be housed has high-revolving feature and causes advantage on the power, thereby obtains practical application the most widely.This motor wheel is clean with comparing on ecology of internal combustion engine, and more reliable, economical.
Yet being provided with of reduction box increased dangerous and inconvenient in the utilization, and the instructions for use of asynchronous machine acquires complicated voltage changer and control device; Extra lubricated and cooling system.
With the exception of this, electric energy can't reclaim at the volley, the life of storage battery is short and the use of high voltage source also has influence on the use prospect of the motor wheel of band reduction box and asynchronous machine.
A kind of motor wheel construction that carries out transmission by direct current machine come out before (SU, A, 375214).Direct current machine has hollow flexible cylindrical rotor, interacts with its end tooth ring and pinion, and the axle of pinion is the axle of motor wheel.
Major defect is that big (especially when means of transportation starts), overall dimension and weight are bigger for the moving rate of power consumption and motor.
With the proponent of institute the most approaching be the motor wheel of wheeled means of transportation, be by wheel rim and have the axle institute that implants asynchronous machine in it and formed (SU, A, 628008).Motor is made dish type asynchronous machine shape, its stator that has magnetic conductor coil and lead is fixed on the wheel shaft motionless, and its rotor has sealing short circuit winding and the magnetic conductor that is distributed on relative two directions of stator, and the two forms together and is able to the wheel that rotates around stator.On rotor, be provided with wheel rim, class objects such as tire are housed on wheel rim.
Rotor disk is made of permeability magnetic material, evenly lays the loop heart yearn of rotor winding in its body, and heart yearn is always around till the termination of magnetic conductor, along this end face with spool on flux path be connected mutually.
Radially be fixed with some impeller in the outside of rotor disk to increase the mechanical load ability of outwards dispelling the heat and strengthening wheel from panel surface.
This kind structure greatly improves reliability owing to saving reduction box, rely on be cooled in the stator radial passage that medium fill and cloth in stationary axle and the radial blade of the introducing that communicates with it, extraction tube and dependence rotor the cooling of stator and rotor is improved.
Owing to used element resemble the asynchronous motor, existing motor wheel has lower serviceability, residual magnetic field intensity is caused in the motor magnetic loop under the effect of back electromotive force electric energy golf calorific value, because shortage is got in touch and caused bad regulating characteristics between loop dynamic process and control signal.
With the exception of this, the motor that has wheel has complicated control system, has always used president's high voltage source not in useful life in the adjusting device of voltage, though the while means of transportation be in operation or brake in do not have the prospect of energy recuperation.
Be also pointed out that above-mentioned motor wheel cleanliness factor difference and validity on ecology are not high, utilization safeguard and monitoring aspect complexity, because of insecurity and the expense costliness of using high voltage source to cause.
According to the above, when being following wheeled means of transportation, caused basic problem is to design and develop its basic demand of special motor and is when resembling design motor wheel constructions such as electric automobile, battery vehicle, electric tractor, electric bicycle, Wheelchair:
Can be installed in the wheel the inside of means of transportation, and the cancellation reduction box;
Use low-tension supply;
Oversimplify little overall dimension and weight to greatest extent;
Want in reliability and useful life big;
Means of transportation will guarantee that when starting peak torque then diminishes when the wheel rotor speed increases;
Cancel extra cooling and lubricating system;
The heating status appropriateness;
The recovery of back electromotive force energy;
The motor wheel is easy to operate, can go slick in limited field section.
According to everything, the task of extremely simple, reliable motor wheel has been proposed to create for wheeled means of transportation as the basis of this this invention, wherein used low pressure (being lower than 50 volts substantially) power supply by means of the interelement mutual alignment of electromagnetic action of new structural design and rotor, stator, moment of torsion reached the maximum extra cooling system that do not need when this power supply can guarantee that means of transportation starts.
It reaches by following approach: include wheel rim in the motor wheel of means of transportation, axle, the electric driver of charged motivation and adjustable voltage device, be furnished with stator magnetizer above and be installed in motor stator on the axle, evenly arranging the one-tenth even number at this stator upper edge circumference, the stator magnetic element of alternating polarity, be contained in the motor rotor that is able to turn round and have the rotor magnetic conductor on the wheel shaft around stator, and bearing-type wheel rim circle, on the rotor magnetic conductor, be furnished with winding, according to the present invention, the rotor magnetic conductor that has a winding will be made tangible electromagnet shape and towards the stator magnetic element that is placed into two groups along circumference at least.The position that every group rotor electromagnet lays to make axis spacing from be the every adjacent two magnetic element axis spacings of stator from integral multiple, if simultaneously the distance between axis equal adjacent two magnetic element axis spacings on the stator from odd-multiple in each group any two adjacent electromagnets have opposite polarity, if axis spacing from equal adjacent two magnetic element axis spacings on the stator from even-multiple, then have identical polarity.Respectively organize electromagnet on the rotor along the circumference placement of will staggering like this: will guarantee when corresponding electromagnetic component overlaps on the axis of a certain group rotor electromagnet and the stator to make that corresponding magnetic element does not overlap on the magnetic axis of other group electromagnet and the stator.On the rotor every group of electromagnet inner be installed in epitrochanterian independently current collector element the binding of electricity arranged.The current collector element is installed will be made it and might contact with the distribution current collector, this distributor be packed in voltage regulating device on the stator and be connected and make it and when the electromagnetic component axis coincides accordingly on the axis of arbitrary group of electromagnet and the stator, guarantee to be disconnected between this group electromagnet and voltage regulating device.
Meanwhile how many distribution current collectors can by radially mutual insulating, that polarity is different conductive plate forming along even layout of circumference according to stator magnetic element.Distance between any two adjacent opposed polarity plates is greater than the width of current collector element.The plate of opposed polarity is skipped a slice and the lead-in wire different with voltage regulating device joins, in addition, when the axis of the axis of arbitrary group of electromagnet and stator respective magnetic element coincided, the element of this group current collector was in the central authorities between corresponding opposed polarity plate; And when the axis sheet of arbitrary group of electromagnet was on the stator central between respective electrical magnetic cell axis, this group was coincided by the axis of plate of the corresponding opposed polarity of the different lead-in wires with the connected voltage adjusting device of the axis of electric device.
Increase power for mat increases the electromagnetic interaction space, the distance that every group of electromagnet of rotor can evenly be arranged between every adjacent electromagnet axis equals the distance between adjacent electromagnetic component axis on the stator, simultaneously the polarity alternate positive and negative of every group of electromagnet.
Introduced electric energy accumulator for recuperated energy, it and distribution current collector have the binding of electricity.Simultaneously, the distribution current collector is made like this; When the axis of magnetic element on the axis of arbitrary group of electromagnet and the stator coincided, these electromagnet were with regard to the path that closes disconnection junction voltage adjuster and open-minded to electric energy accumulator.When the axis of electromagnetic component on arbitrary group of electromagnet axis discord stator coincided, these electromagnet were connected and are disconnected to electric energy accumulator to voltage regulator.
This moment, electric energy accumulator and distribution current collector carried out electrical ties, and this current collector is by radially and mutual insulating, conductive plate that polarity is different, evenly arranged along circumference according to the quantity of stator magnetic element to form.With the different outputs of voltage regulator plate that be connected, checker polarity between be provided with intermediary's plate.Those intermediary's plates just are connected with the different outputs of electric energy accumulator every a slice, and the distance between any two adjacent opposed polarity plates is greater than the width of current collector element.When corresponding magnetic element axis coincides on the axis of arbitrary group of electromagnet and the stator, the current collector element of this group rotor electromagnet is positioned at the center of corresponding intermediate plate, these intermediary's plates are to be connected with the different outputs of electric energy accumulator, and when the axis of arbitrary group of electromagnet is in the middle position between respective magnetic element axis on the stator axis of this group current collector element with linking the plate axis different outputs of voltage regulator, corresponding opposed polarity and coinciding.
After the electric energy accumulator that is linked up by the current collector electricity consumption on distribution current collector and the rotor electromagnet is introduced, when electromagnet is sitting on the electromagnetic component of stator, make the portion of energy in the rotor electromagnet be recovered to electric energy accumulator.Except that recuperated energy, also eliminated the remanent magnetism in the rotor magnetic conductor.The energy that is recovered in the accumulator is decided by: first is the back electromotive force that produces when closing the outage pressure regulator; Second for being subjected to the change of the magnetic flux that stator magnetic element determines in electromagnetic core.With the exception of this, the elimination of remaining magnetometer can cause the heat radiation and the attenuating of energy consumption in the electromagnetic core.
The rotor of motor can be made the ring that bottom line comprises a band magnetic conductor, loads onto wheel rim and arranges in groups rotor electromagnet at the inner surface of rotor magnetic conductor at its outer surface.Stator is made bottom line and is comprised a disk, and each disk is laid with annular magnetizer along circumference, and is provided with the magnetic element of stator at its outer surface cloth, and the axis of rotor electromagnet and stator magnetic element all is radially simultaneously.
But thereby the increase in said structure mat electromagnetic interaction space increases the power of motor wheel.
Disk-shaped structure have simple and reliable as a kind of distortion of motor wheel and the utilization maintenance in huge convenience can be used on the means of transportation of lightweight construction.
At least comprise a disk that is installed on the wheel shaft if rotor made, this disk also is positioned at a certain side of also discoid stator, be the magnetic element of stator along circular arrangement in stator one side so that its magnetic axis is parallel to wheel shaft, if and rotor is made into two disks that respectively are installed in stator two sides, then to arrange one group of electromagnet at least on each disk therein.
Rotor can be made two disks that respectively are installed in plate-like stator two sides, and respectively arrange stator magnetic element so that its axis is parallel to wheel shaft along stator two side circumference.Stator is being equipped auxiliary ligand electrojet device, and its structure, layout and electrical ties method are similar to the main distribution current collector.On each disk of rotor, to arrange one group of electromagnet at least.The electric device that is subjected to of a disk is installed to such an extent that with the main distribution current collector contacting of electricity arranged as far as possible in the rotor, and the electric device that is subjected on another disk is installed to such an extent that with auxiliary ligand electrojet device contacting of electricity arranged as far as possible.
Thereby this kind structure can make the electromagnetic interaction space of element on rotor and the stator double to make the traction power of motor wheel to improve, yet stator disk of textural use this moment gets so that metal consumption and the weight saving of motor wheel as the stator conductive magnet.
Rotor can be made and comprise at least two annulus, to arrange at least on each ring therein one group of electromagnet and with the corresponding auxiliary current collector of these groups, these auxiliary current collectors are similar in appearance to the fixedly connected current collector of corresponding annulus with rotor.Each auxiliary current collector can be mounted to its element is contacted with the distribution current collector simultaneously.
The motor wheel equally also can comprise an auxiliary ligand electrojet device and similar to make, location layout and the electrical ties method of main distribution current collector at least.The installation of auxiliary current collector to make its element can and auxiliary ligand electrojet device in one of contact.
The feature of above-mentioned last three kinds of structures of motor wheel is to have a plurality of rotors (a plurality of rotors and a plurality of rotor magnetic conductor).It is increased the power of engine by the electromagnetic interaction space that increases rotor and stator.
In order to increase rotor and the multiple stators structure also can be adopted in stator electromagnetic interaction space, it comprises at least one auxiliary ligand electrojet device, and its structure is similar to the main distribution current collector with the electrical ties mode.Stator is made at least two coaxial circles plate-likes, and auxiliary ligand electrojet device is housed in the side of the corresponding several disks of stator simultaneously, and the element of auxiliary current collector will be dressed up and can make its element with corresponding auxiliary ligand electrojet device electric contacting be arranged.
Can on the side of rotor discs, install into stator electromagnet even number, the magnetic polarity checker in each of stator disk as magnetic element.Each current collector also is equipped with the conductive plate of intermediary auxiliary heteropolarity and auxiliary, and they are similar with plate main heteropolarity and main intermediary, but insulate mutually and lay along the circumference of another diameter similarly.Each corresponding current collector element is equipped with auxiliary current collector element, and be electrically connected and be knotted corresponding main current collector element, lead to the current collector element of establishing with respect to the additional conductive plate again, it is similar to the installation relation between main current collector component arrangement and led panel sheet.Auxiliary simultaneously heteropolarity plate interlinks by per two adjacent formed antithetical phrases of auxiliary heteropolarity plate, and auxiliary heteropolarity plate alternate intervals gained each to realize electrical ties with the corresponding output end of stator electromagnet, that main heteropolarity plate is divided into is right, each is to being formed by two heteropolarities, the mutual plate that gets up with electrical ties, and in main heteropolarity plate each alternately mutually row to realizing electrical ties with the corresponding output of voltage regulating device, on each dish of rotor, arranging a corresponding group rotor electromagnet.
Hauling ability was superior when the characteristics of this kind structure were high rotating speed and coasting, and this is because the iron core of rotor electromagnet does not have magnetic flux when the rotor electromagnet is positioned at stator magnetic element (electromagnet) top.
Preferably utilize permanent magnet as stator magnetic element.Like this, in said structure, be able to permanent magnet is set from each side of stator disk.Simple and reliable during the motor wheel characteristics of this kind structure are to use, can when being cut off, voltage source induce electric energy.In addition, this kind structure does not need extra braking system, because under no current state, the iron core of rotor electromagnet is held up by magnets of stator, tries hard to hold in inactive state.
At the periphery of the non-magnetic conduction disk of stator, should offer equally spaced groove in order to improve rotor speed (reducing under the situation of moment of torsion at a little), need lay the magnetic flux axis therein and replace reverse permanent magnet, this axis direction is parallel with wheel shaft.
In order to improve power and the consumption of the material that deperms is constructed in the early stage in the design just must to adopt and is installed in along the permanent magnet on the stator disk circumference, its flow direction is the tangential direction of stator discs periphery and the aggregation block of magnetic flux is set between permanent magnet.
No matter the structure of which kind of distribution current collector will allow can make angular variation around the stator axle center.This can make the debugging and the long-term utilization adjustment work simplification when some changes on material property or the structure down of motor wheel.
Can lay the empty superfluous plate that the continuous electric energy accumulator of also getting along well of the electric regulator of both having got along well links to each other between any heteropolarity plate and between any intermediary plate.This kind structure can be eliminated electric leakage, thereby reaches tremendous economic, but produces spark sometimes.
Sometimes take turns for the motor of building high-speed motor or high power capacity electromagnet group is divided into subgroup again, and be arranged in the different parts of rotor, for example, on diametric two opposites.
In most cases then more suitable as intermediary's plate is switched to electric energy accumulator by rectifier.
If the motor wheel is equipped with the change over switch of binary channels for an output, then need the output of voltage regulating device is switched to the first input end of change over switch, its output is then correspondingly received on the heteropolarity plate of distribution current collector and on the auxiliary ligand electrojet device, makes and is connected and second input connects input to voltage regulating device or electric energy accumulator or auxiliary electrical accumulator by rectifier.
Extra energy recuperation in the time of can accomplishing to brake in the case.
That is to say the motor wheel of a kind of means of transportation that the present invention proposes, it includes wheel rim (1); Axle (3); The electric actuator of charged motivation and voltage regulating device (36); On axle, firmly link and be equipped with the motor stator (9) of stator magnetizer (10), evenly lay the stator electromagnetic component (11) of alternating polarity conversion at magnetic conductor upper edge circumference; Having the motor rotor of rotor magnetic conductor (16) and bearing-type wheel rim (1) is installed in wheel shaft (3) and goes up and can rotate with respect to stator (9), on rotor (12) magnetic conductor (16), be installed on coil, the feature of this motor wheel is: it is tangible that the magnetic conductor (16) of the rotor of belt coil (12) is equipped with outward appearance, towards stator magnetic element (11) and be furnished with two groups electromagnet (14 at least along circumference, 15), electromagnet (14 in each is organized therein, 15) be to arrange like this: their axle (17,19) distance separated from each other equals the integral multiple of distance between the axis (18) of two adjacent magnetic elements (11) of stator, and then this two adjacent electromagnet has opposite polarity; If the distance between their axis (17,19) equals the odd-multiple of distance between the adjacent magnetic element of stator (11) axis (18), then this two adjacent electromagnet has opposite polarity; If their axis (17,19) distance between equals the even-multiple of distance between the adjacent magnetic element of stator (11) axis (18), then has identical polarity, rotor respectively organize electromagnet (14,15) want so mutual offsetting along circumference: when the axis (18) of the axis (17) of each group electromagnet (14) of rotor and corresponding stator magnetic element (11) when coinciding, guarantee that the axis (19) of another group electromagnet (15) and the axis (18) of corresponding stator magnetic element (11) do not coincide, at each group rotor electromagnet (14,15) and firmly be installed in the independent current collector (4 on the rotor (12), 5) element (26,27,28,29) has electric binding, current collector (4,5) element (26,27,28,29) be mounted to and contact with the distribution current collector, the latter has electric binding with the voltage regulating device (36) that is packed on the stator, and linking method is: when the axis (18) of the axis (17) of any one group of electromagnet (14) and corresponding stator magnetic element (11) when coinciding, the electromagnet (14) in this group disconnects mutually with voltage regulating device (36);
Described a kind of motor wheel, it is characterized in that: distribution current collector (6) is by equally distributed along circumference, quantity is according to few more than the stator magnetic element (11), mutual insulating radially, heteropolarity plate (22,24) form, any two adjacent heteropolarities (22,24) distance between is greater than current collector (4,5) element (26,27,28,29) width, heteropolarity plate (22,24) be connected with the different outputs of voltage regulator (30) every a slice ground, simultaneously, when the axis (18) of the axis (17) of arbitrary group of electromagnet (14) and corresponding stator magnetic element (11) when coinciding, the element (26 of this group current collector (4), 27) be in corresponding heteropolarity plate (22,24) middle position between, and when the axis (19) of arbitrary group of electromagnet (15) is positioned at middle position between the axis (18) of corresponding stator magnetic element (11), the element (28 of this group current collector (5), 29) the different outputs (7 of axis with connected voltage adjusting device (36), the axis of corresponding heteropolarity plate 8) coincides;
Described rotor (12) electromagnet (14,15) in every group is such even layout: the distance between the axis (17 or 19) of adjacent electromagnet (14 or 15) equals the distance between the adjacent magnetic part of stator (9) (11) axis (18), and the electromagnet (14 or 15) in each group alternately is separated by on polarity;
Described motor wheel has the electric energy accumulator (32) that the electrical ties relation is arranged with distribution current collector (6), and distribution current collector (6) is to constitute like this: when the axis (17) of any one group of electromagnet (14) coincides with the axis of stator (9) electromagnetic component (11), these electromagnet (14) disconnect from voltage regulating device (36), and be switched to electric energy accumulator (32), and when the axis (18) of the axis (19) of arbitrary group of electromagnet (15) and stator (9) magnetic element (11) when not overlapping, these electromagnet are switched to voltage regulating device (36) and disconnect from electric energy accumulator (32);
Described electric energy accumulator (32) and distribution current collector (6) have the electrical ties relation, the latter is by even layout, quantity is according to stator magnetic element (11), alternating polarity is different, the radially conductive plate (22 of mutual insulating, 24) form, and be connected at the different outputs of those and voltage regulating device (36), the plate (22 that alternating polarity changes, 24) in the middle of, be furnished with intermediary's plate (23), intermediary's plate (23) is pulled to the different exits of electric energy accumulator (32) every a slice simultaneously, any two adjacent and plates (22 that polarity is different, 24) distance is greater than current collector (4 between, 5) element (26,27,28,29) width, at this moment, if the axis (17) of any one group of electromagnet (14) coincides with the axis (18) of corresponding stator (9) electromagnetic component (11), the then element (26 of this group rotor (12) electromagnet (14) current collector (4), 27) just in time be positioned on the center line of the corresponding intermediary plate (23) that is linking the different exits of electric energy accumulator (32) (20); And if the axis (19) of any one group of electromagnet (15) is positioned at the middle position between corresponding stator (9) magnetic element (11) axis, then the dead in line of this group current collector (5) element (28,29) is on the corresponding heteropolarity plate (22,24) that is linking the different outputs of voltage regulating device (36) (7,8);
Described motor rotor is made of at least one annulus with magnetic conductor (16), the wheel rim (1) of band cover tire (2) is housed at the outer surface of rotor (12) annulus, on the inner surface of rotor magnetic conductor (16), arranging rotor electromagnet (14 in groups, 15), stator (9) is made up of at least one disk, periphery at each disk is equipped with annular magnetizer (10), arranging stator magnetic element (11) at the outer surface of magnetic conductor (10), simultaneously rotor (12) electromagnet (14,15) and the axis (17 of stator (9) electromagnetic component, 19) be radially;
Described rotor (12) is made of at least one disk, disk is positioned at a certain side of making discoid stator and is equipped with on the wheel shaft (3), and stator magnetic element (11) is arranged in a certain side of stator (9) disk and its magnetic axis (18) is paralleled with wheel shaft (3);
Described motor wheel is characterized in that: make the rotor (12) of two disk (40,41) shapes, double plate is each positioned at the bilateral of stator (9) and is installed on the axle (3), on each disk (40,41) of rotor at least one group of electromagnet (14,15) is housed;
The rotor of described motor (12) is made (40 of double plate, 41), its double plate is each positioned at the both sides of making discoid stator (9), stator magnetic element (11) is equipped with along circumference in both sides at stator, and make its magnetic axis (18) be parallel to wheel shaft (3), stator (9) is equipped with the structure with main distribution current collector (6), the auxiliary ligand electrojet device (42) that position and electrical ties mode are similar, each disk (40 at rotor (12), 41) be furnished with one group of electromagnet (14 at least, 15), current collector (4) element (26 of one of rotor (12) disk (40), 27) to dress up to have and electrically contact with main distribution current collector (6), and the element of another disk of rotor (12) (41) current collector (5) (28,29) to dress up to have with auxiliary ligand electrojet device (42) and electrically contact;
Described motor wheel, it is characterized in that: if rotor (12) is made of at least two annulus, then be furnished with at least on therein each one group of electromagnet (14,15) and corresponding with these groups, be similar to current collector (4,5) and firmly be installed in auxiliary current collector on the corresponding rotor annulus;
The installation that each of described motor wheel is similar to the auxiliary current collector of current collector (4,5) will make its element (26,27,28,29) contact with distribution current collector (6);
Described motor wheel comprises the auxiliary current collector (42) that at least one structure, position and electrical ties mode are similar to main distribution current collector (6), and the installation that is similar to the auxiliary current collector of current collector (4,5) will make its element (26,27,28,29) contact with one of auxiliary ligand electrojet device (42);
Described motor wheel, it is characterized in that: it comprises at least one structure and the electrical ties mode is similar to the auxiliary ligand electrojet device (42) of main distribution current collector (6), stator (9) is made of at least two coaxial disks, simultaneously auxiliary ligand electrojet device (42) is contained on the side of corresponding stator (9) disk, and the installation that is similar to the auxiliary current collector of current collector (4,5) will make its element (26,27,28,29) contacting of electricity be arranged with corresponding auxiliary ligand electrojet device (42);
Described motor wheel, it is characterized in that: towards described rotor discs (40, the magnetic pole that even number is housed on each face of stator 41) (9) disk strikes a bargain for stator electromagnet at interval, and each current collector (6,42) be equipped with the conductive plate and the auxiliary intermediary conductive plate (48) of assisting heteropolarity, they and main heteropolarity, main intermediary plate is similar, insulation also is arranged on the circumference of another diameter similarly mutually, current collector (4,5) each respective element (26,27,28,29) be equipped with corresponding master and be subjected to electric device that the auxiliary electric device (49 that is subjected to of electrical ties is arranged, 50), it is with respect to additional conductive plate (46,47) installation method is similar to the main electric device (26 that is subjected to, 27,28,29) with respect to led panel sheet (22,24) installation method, auxiliary simultaneously heteropolarity plate (46,47) link in pairs mutually, each is to by two adjacent auxiliary heteropolarity plates (46,47) constitute, and auxiliary heteropolarity plate (46,47) alternately be separated by each centering each to the corresponding output end (51 of stator electromagnet (53), 52) electric binding is arranged, main heteropolarity plate is divided into the adjacent different polarity plate (22 that is electrically connected mutually and is knotted by two, what 24) constituted is right, and main heteropolarity plate (22,24) each of each centering of interleaved to voltage regulating device (36) in corresponding output end (7,8) electric binding is arranged, each disk (40 at rotor, 41) on, laying a corresponding group rotor electromagnet;
Being characterized as of described motor wheel: permanent magnet is installed as stator electromagnetic component (11);
Described motor wheel is characterized by; Make the groove (43) of equidistant setting at the periphery of stator disk, the alternate permanent magnet of alternating polarity is placed along circumference in the inside, and its magnetic flux axis (18) is parallel with wheel shaft (3);
Described motor wheel, it is characterized in that: it additionally comprises the collector (piece) of magnetic flux, is provided with along the periphery of stator (9) disk and replace alternate magnetic element on the stator, its magnetic line of force direction is the tangent line of disc circumference between collector (54);
Described motor wheel is characterized in that: any distribution current collector (6,42) is packed in when stator (9) is gone up might do the angle rotation with respect to stator (9) axle;
Described motor wheel is characterized in that: main and/or lay free superfluous plate (55) between auxiliary heteropolarity and intermediary's plate (22,23 24,46,47,48) on the distribution current collector;
Described motor wheel is characterized in that: go up between main and/or auxiliary heteropolarity and intermediary's plate (46,47,48) at any auxiliary ligand electrojet device (42) and lay free superfluous plate (55);
Described motor wheel, it is characterized in that: one or array rotor electromagnet (14,15) be divided into subgroup, distance between the adjacent magnetic element with stator of the subgroup electromagnet in each subgroup (14 or 15) (11) is consistent evenly circumferentially, simultaneously each subgroup is equipped with auxiliary current collector, and its element is used for electrically contacting with distribution current collector (6) or auxiliary current collector (6) or auxiliary ligand electrojet device (42);
Described motor wheel, it is characterized in that: intermediary's plate (23,48) of main distribution current collector (6) and auxiliary ligand electrojet device (42) is switched to electric energy accumulator (32) by rectifier (34);
Described motor wheel, it is characterized in that: it is equipped with the change over switch (37) of binary channels for an output, the output of voltage regulating device this moment (36) and the first input end of change over switch (37) join, its output correspondingly joins with the heteropolarity plate (22,24,46,47) of distribution current collector (6) and auxiliary ligand electrojet device (42), and its second input then joins by rectifier (38) and the input of voltage regulating device (36) or the input of electric energy accumulator (32) or auxiliary electrical accumulator;
A kind of wheelchair for disabled persons is characterized in that: it is equipped with a kind of in the motor wheel of above-mentioned described structure;
A kind of electric bicycle is characterized in that: it is equipped with a kind of in the motor wheel of described structure;
A kind of electric tractor is characterized in that: it is equipped with a kind of in the described structure motor wheel;
A kind of battery vehicle is characterized in that: it is equipped with a kind of in the motor wheel of described structure;
A kind of electric automobile is characterized in that: it is equipped with a kind of in the motor wheel of described structure.
Describe instantiation below with reference to accompanying drawings and explain the present invention, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the diagrammatic top view of expression by motor wheel on the wheeled means of transportation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the motor wheel of Fig. 1, just makes partial cutaway at Fig. 1 along straight line II-II;
Fig. 3 is the schematic top plan view of distribution current collector, one of rotor and stator structure scheme; Connect circuit diagram according to the present invention to voltage regulating device and electric energy accumulator;
Fig. 4 is the motor wheel cross-sectional view that has another organization plan of rotor and stator according to the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the motor wheel cross-sectional view that has another kind of stator magnetic element arrangement and have Fig. 4 rotor stator structure scheme according to the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the motor wheel cross-sectional view that has another rotor stator structural scheme and other arrangements of stator magnetic element according to the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the motor wheel vertical view that has another rotor stator structural scheme and other arrangements of stator magnetic element according to the present invention;
Fig. 8 has the another kind of arrangement and the structure of Fig. 4 rotor, stator structure scheme, stator magnetic element and has the motor wheel cross-sectional view of other distribution current collector according to the present invention;
Fig. 9 is according to the schematic diagram (vertical view) of the distribution storage among Fig. 8 of the present invention and situation about connecting to the electromagnet of voltage regulating device, electric energy accumulator, rotor and stator thereof;
Figure 10 is the part sector diagram (overlooking) according to the stator that has stator electromagnetic component modification and arrangement among Fig. 1 of the present invention.
Figure 11 has the another kind structure and the arrangement of plate and how it is connect to voltage regulator the schematic diagram of electric energy accumulator and rotor electromagnet coil according to distribution current collector shown in Figure 3 (overlooking) according to the present invention.
The motor wheel (Fig. 1) of wheeled means of transportation comprises wheel rim 1, and this is equipped with above wheel rim 1 with axle 3 is the cover tire 2 of the wheel at center.
Motor wheel is with voltage regulating device and by distribution current collector 6 current collector 4,5 to be attached to Electric Traction that the motor of voltage regulating device lead-out wire 7,8 realized as the basis.
Motor wheel bag holder has the stator 9 that is installed on the axle 3, and it is made up of magnetic conductor 10, and have quantitatively be even number, be uniformly distributed along the circumference, the alternating polarity conversion, make the stator magnetic element 11 of permanent magnet state.
The movable rotor 12 of current collector formula motor is contained on the wheel shaft 3 and can rotates with respect to stator 9, and its towards surface 13 equipment of stator 9 with conspicuous rotor electromagnet 14,15, these electromagnets 16 interlink and be installed in to make on the surface 13 of stator magnetic element 11 can and the latter carry out the mutual electromagnetic effect.
Wheel rim 1 with the wheel cover tire is installed on rotor outer surface 12.
Generally speaking, in all motor wheel schemes in each group electromagnet 14 and 15 be so to place: make axle 17,19 apart from one another by distance be the stator integral multiple of 18 distances of magnetic axis of adjacent two magnetic elements 11 whenever.
Simultaneously, if in same group between the magnetic axis of any two adjacent electromagnets 14,15 distance equal the odd-multiple of distance between the adjacent magnetic element magnetic axis of stator, then this two electromagnet has opposite polarity; If distance equals the even-multiple of the adjacent magnetic element magnetic axis of stator distance between its magnetic axis, then they have identical polar.
Rotor each the group in electromagnet 14,15 and their current collector 4,5 electrical ties is arranged, these current collectors be packed on the rotor 12 and enable be packed in stator 9 on distribution current collector 6 contact.
Distribution current collector 6 has electric binding with the exit 20 of electric energy accumulator 32, and distribution current collector 6 usefulness screws 21 are fixed on the stator.The layout plan of distribution current collector is such, when the magnetic axis 18 of the magnetic axis 17 of a group rotor electromagnet 14 and stator magnetic element 11 coincides, guarantee that electromagnet 14 disconnects the exit 20 of connecting electric energy accumulator with the path of two utmost points 7 of voltage regulator arrangement and 8; When the magnetic axis 18 of respective magnetic element 11 on the magnetic axis 19 of second group of electromagnet 15 and the stator does not overlap, then the exit 7 that electromagnet 15 is connected voltage regulating devices with 8 and them from 20 disconnections of electric energy accumulator exit.
Figure 1 shows that the structure example of being realized by this kind line map, wherein electric energy accumulator and distribution current collector 6 carry out the binding of electricity, and this distribution current collector is by radially also mutual insulating, even 22,23,24 of the conductive plates of placing are formed.Intermediary's plate 23 that at least one links mutually with electric energy accumulator exit 20 is set in the middle of the plate 22,24 of the checker polarity of connecting the different outputs 7,8 of voltage regulating device, and when specific design, the longitudinal axis 25 of intermediary's plate 23 and the magnetic axis of stator magnetic element 11 18 are aimed at.The element 26,27,28,29 of each current collector 4,5 is aimed at the axis 17,19 of two adjacent electromagnet 14,15 of respective sets on the rotor with its longitudinal axis.
When not establishing electric energy accumulator, distribution current collector 6 by be uniformly distributed along the circumference, radially mutual insulating, quantitatively equal conductive plate 22 stator electromagnetic component 11, that polarity is different and 24 and form, just there be not (showing) in intermediary's plate 23 on Fig. 1.
The distance that any two plates adjacent, the polarity inequality are 22,24 is greater than the width of the element 26,27,28,29 of current collector 4,5.
The plate 22,24 of polarity inequality is connected the different outputs 7,8 of voltage regulating device.
When the magnetic axis of the corresponding magnetic cell 11 with stator of magnetic axis 17 of the electromagnet 14 in certain is organized overlapped, the element 26,27 of the current collector 4 of electromagnet 14 was positioned at the middle position of 22,24 of corresponding heteropolarity plates in this group.
If magnetic axis 19 of another group electromagnet 15 is positioned at the middle position of 18 of the magnetic axises of corresponding stator magnetic element 11, then the element 28,29 of this group current collector 5 will coincide with that different output with voltage regulating device is 7,8 that be connected, corresponding, the axis of heteropolarity plate 22,24.
Fig. 2 represents the device of current collector 5 element 26-29, and its essence is the brush of the carbonaceous under spring pressure, copper graphite matter or other matter of institute's clamping in the support 30 of the current collector element on being installed in rotor 12.
Can be by lead 31 with output 7,8(Fig. 1 of voltage regulating device) be switched to current-collector 6(Fig. 2).
Near the distribution current collector 6 of stator 9 electric energy accumulator 32 is housed, its output is switched to change over switch by conduit 33 together with lead 31, and other exits of electric energy accumulator then lead to distribution current collector 6 by rectifier 34.
Stator is done discoid, along periphery ring-type magnetic conductor 10 is housed above, is installing stator magnetic element 11 on the outer surface of the magnetic conductor 10 of rotor 12 ring inner surfaces.
Ring-type rotor 12 is installed on the axle 3 by bearing 35 and makes rotor 12 be able to rotate around stator.
The iron core of rotor electromagnet 14,15 is directly adjacent to stator electromagnetic component 11 with the gap length that guarantees to satisfy electromagnetic interaction and installs.
Rotor 12(Fig. 2) can make and comprise two rings (not shown on figure) at least, one electromagnet 14 or 15 and organize corresponding current collector 4 or 5 with these are set on each ring this moment at least, and respective element 26,27,28,29 and distribution current collector 6 on the current collector 4 or 5 contact.
Simultaneously also can introduce auxiliary ligand electrojet device 42, its structure, layout and electrical ties mode are walked back and forth mutually with the main distribution current collector.And should so install with the similar auxiliary current collector of main current collector 4,5: make its element 26-29 might with distribution current collector 42 in one of contact.
In addition, stator 9 can be made several coaxial discs, can arrange on each disk that therein auxiliary ligand electrojet device 42(does not show on figure).
Can introduce the auxiliary current collector similar to current collector 4 and 5 under the situation that several rotor wheel 12 are arranged, it is attached at securely on the respective rings of rotor 12 and (shows on figure).
Fig. 3 represents one of mode that distribution current collector 6 is communicated with to voltage regulating device 36 and electric energy accumulator 32.
This moment, the element 26,27 of current collector 4 was received on the coil of first group of electromagnet 14 by series connection-reverse graft mode; And element 28,29 series connection one reverse graft mode is received on the coil of second group of electromagnet 15.
The output 7 of voltage regulating device 36 and 8 connects the plate 22,24 of opposed polarity by change over switch 37.
Change over switch 37 has two gears: gear 1-" RUN " and gear 2-" braking ".Connect to voltage regulating device 36 by rectifier 38 so that charge a little during braking at gear 2 plates 22,24.
It is the input of the electric energy accumulator 32 of electric capacity that intermediary's plate 23 connects to originally by rectifier, and its output connects to voltage regulating device 36 by electronic switch 39, so that charging is used in the means of transportation running.
Fig. 4 represents motor rotor 12, it has two and is symmetrical in stator and is installed in disk 40,41 on the wheel shaft 3, stator is made discoid and is equipped with the auxiliary ligand electrical equipment 42 that is similar to above-mentioned main distribution current collector, and current collector 6, in 42 each (main distribution current collector 6 and auxiliary ligand electrojet device 42) is contained on two sides of stator 9 disks the respective surfaces of this two side faces respective circular disks 40,41 on rotor.
Be furnished with the group rotor electromagnet 14,15 in the dual-group electromagnetic iron in rotor 12 disks 40,41 each, and on rotor 12 disks 14, arrange electromagnet 14, and on disk 41, arrange electromagnet 15.
As the magnetic element 11 of stator each side,, be equiped with permanent magnet corresponding to main distribution current collector 6 and auxiliary ligand electrojet device 42 at stator 9 disks.
Fig. 5 represents motor wheel, wherein makes equally spaced groove 43 along the periphery of stator disk, the permanent magnet 11 of installing checker in the groove, and its flow direction is opposite, is parallel to wheel shaft 3.
Fig. 6 represents another structural scheme of stator 12 and rotor 9, each all does discoid in this two, and from stator surface 44 towards rotor electromagnet 14,15 those sides, be equiped with along the permanent magnet 11(flow direction of circumference alternating polarity conversion along the periphery of stator 9 disks opposite, parallel with the direction of wheel shaft 3).
On Fig. 7, represent the magnetic line of force by the line that links two adjacent permanent magnets 11.
Towards each side of rotor 12 disks 40,41 magnetic line of force is housed on stator 9 disks and replaces reverse stator electromagnet 45 in Fig. 4, the motor wheel frame cross section that becomes after the modification by the structure of rotor among Fig. 4 12 and stator 9 is shown among Fig. 8.Each is corresponding to the distribution current collector 6(42 of this side on stator 9 disks) additional conductive heteropolarity plate 46,47(Fig. 9 of being similar to main heteropolarity plate 22,24 (Fig. 9) be housed) and be similar to main intermediary plate 23 and along auxiliary intermediary plate 48 that the circumference under another diameter is radially placed.Be exclusively used in the led panel sheet 22 on the distribution current collector 6,24 and led panel sheet 22 on each corresponding current collector 6 of sliding, 24 and each corresponding current collector 5(4 of sliding) (master) element be equipped with and corresponding main current collector element 28,29 have auxiliary (being subjected to) element 49 of electrical ties relation, 50, this auxiliary (being subjected to) element 49,50 installation methods with respect to auxiliary plate 46-48, with the main electric device 28 that is subjected to, 29 is similar with respect to the installation method of led panel sheet 22-24, it is right that auxiliary in addition heteropolarity plate 46-47 oneself connects to, and apart from one another by auxiliary plate 46-47 in each to be knotted the corresponding public output 51 of stator electromagnet 45 coils 53 by being electrically connected, 52.
Figure 10 is the fan-shaped part of stator, and expression stator magnetic element 11 can assisted arranged tangential between the poly-magnetic patch of introducing 54.
Figure 11 has provided a kind of drawing of current collector, and it has the empty superfluous plate 55 that is arranged between each heteropolarity plate and the intermediary's plate.The structure of this kind distribution current collector 6 can guarantee not take place the interaction (relying on the effect of putting up mutually of current collector element 26,27,28,29) of any electricity between heteropolarity plate and intermediary's plate 22,23,24, so cause reducing of loss current, the raising of economy, but the possibility that produces spark improved.
All frame modes of motor wheel all are electromagnet 14, the 15(Fig. 1 at rotor) inhale mutually on the basis of mutual expelling force with 11 electromagnetism that produced when interacting of magnetic element of stator and carry out work.If proper its 19 central authorities that are positioned at 18 in the axis of stator respective electrical magnetic cell 11 in rotor electromagnet 15 residing positions, the step mode of the coil of rotor electromagnet 15 will make the opposite polarity polarity that forms on that electromagnet surface towards stator 9 with along the next stator magnetic element 11 of direction of rotation, and identical with polarity along the last stator magnetic element of direction of rotation.So, guaranteed that electromagnet 15 is attracted by next electromagnetic component, simultaneously by the repulsion of a last institute.
When the position below electromagnet 15 is in stator magnetic element 11, magnet spool and voltage regulating device 36(Fig. 3) do not link to each other, promptly do not form electromagnetic interaction (even obviously existing) a small amount of gravitation of the iron core of electromagnet 15 (Fig. 1) suction to stator magnetic element 11 yet.
After order is passed through on stator magnetic element 11, rely on the element 26,27,28,29 of current collector 4,5 linking voltage regulating device 36(Fig. 3) the heteropolarity plate 22,24 of different outputs on the slip done, form opposite polarity (referring to be positioned at the polarity of this magnetic element 11 before the time) when electromagnet 14,15 on the surface of electromagnet 14,15 (Fig. 1).This is because the polarity of stator magnetic element 11 is positive and negative alternate.
If be equipped with intermediary's plate 23, the then variation of magnetic flux when electromagnet 14,15 is positioned on the magnetic element 11 because in the iron core of electromagnet 14,15 is also because the variation of remaining magnetometer, in the coil of electromagnet 14,15, induce electromotive force, be pulse type to electric energy accumulator 32 chargings.
Motor wheel (Fig. 1-3) carries out work in the following manner.
When by voltage regulating device 36 (change over switch 37 " 1 " position) when the distribution current collector provides voltage, the output of one group-one electromagnet group 15 in the electromagnet links to each other with current collector element 28,29, also and by change over switch 37 linking the output 7 of voltage regulating device 36 and 8 heteropolarity plate 22 and 24 interactions, just making this electromagnet group 15 and 11 of corresponding stator magnetic elements produce mutual electromagnetic effect (in the middle of their residing stator magnetic elements).Electromagnet 15 is subjected to one group (for direction of rotation) thereby the attraction of the repulsion of stator magnetic element 11 and next group forms flywheel moment.
At this moment, do not form the electromagnetic interaction of flywheel moment between another group (another batch) electromagnet 14 and stator magnetic element owing to do not have electric current in the coil.The reason that does not have electric current in electromagnet 14 coils is that these group current collector 4 elements 26,27 are in and install on the 36 disjunct intermediary plates 23.
As long as there are current collector 5 elements 28,29 of one group of electromagnet 15 to be positioned on heteropolarity plate 22 and 24, then and the electromagnetic interaction process of 11 of stator magnetic elements guarantee to produce flywheel moment.(electromagnet is positioned at above the electromagnetic component) corresponding electromagnet 15 coils are powered when element 28 and 29 is positioned on intermediary's plate 23.But revolution does not stop not slow down yet, because current collector 4 elements 26 and 27 of another group electromagnet 14 have been positioned on (because electromagnet 14 and 15 offsetting) heteropolarity plate 22,24, the electromagnetic interaction that its assurance electromagnet 14 and stator magnetic element are 11 and the revolution of rotor.
In the ordinary course of things, if m group rotor electromagnet is arranged, the electromagnet that then can have quantity to reach the m-1 group provides flywheel moment.
When any one group of electromagnet 14,15 be positioned at stator magnetic element 11 above the time this group current collector 4 or 5 element 26,27 or 28,29 be in Fig. 3 by rectifier 34() on intermediary's plate 23 of being connected with electric energy accumulator 32.Because the change of magnetic flux in electromagnet 14,15 iron cores forms the electromotive force to accumulator 32 chargings in wire ring when rotor rotation.Have at least one group electric energy to reclaim in the m group electromagnet when so just having guaranteed running.
When braking, also by change over switch being allocated to " 2 " position, can from the electromagnet of all the other groups, pass through rectifier 38 similarly with the exception of this, for example, directly carry out electric energy and reclaim to voltage regulator 36.This moment, the electromotive force that induces in electromagnet 14,15 all coils that rotating relatively around stator electromagnetic component 11 provided electromagnetic braking efficiently except that electric energy reclaims.
Installing electromagnet 45(Fig. 8 and 9 on stator 9) be a kind of development of said structure.This motor wheel is worked in the following manner.
Claims (28)
1, a kind of motor of means of transportation wheel, it includes wheel rim (1); Axle (3); The electric actuator of charged motivation and voltage regulating device (36); On axle, firmly link and be equipped with the motor stator (9) of stator magnetizer (10), evenly lay the stator electromagnetic component (11) of alternating polarity conversion at magnetic conductor upper edge circumference, having the motor rotor of rotor magnetic conductor (16) and bearing-type wheel rim (1) is installed in wheel shaft (3) and goes up and can rotate with respect to stator (9), on rotor (12) magnetic conductor (16), be installed on coil, the feature of this motor wheel is: it is tangible that the magnetic conductor (16) of the rotor of belt coil (12) is equipped with outward appearance, towards stator magnetic element (11) and be furnished with two groups electromagnet (14 at least along circumference, 15), electromagnet (14 in each is organized therein, 15) be to arrange like this: their axle (17,19) distance separated from each other equals the integral multiple of distance between the axis (18) of two adjacent magnetic elements (11) of stator, if any two adjacent electromagnet (14 in same group, 15) axis (17,19) distance between equals the odd-multiple of distance between the adjacent magnetic element of stator (11) axis (18), and then this two adjacent electromagnet has opposite polarity; If their axis (17,19) distance between equals the even-multiple of distance between the adjacent magnetic element of stator (11) axis (18), then has identical polarity, rotor respectively organize electromagnet (14,15) want so mutual offsetting along circumference: when the axis (18) of the axis (17) of one group of electromagnet (14) of rotor and corresponding stator magnetic element (11) when coinciding, guarantee that the axis (19) of another group electromagnet (15) and the axis (18) of corresponding stator magnetic element (11) do not coincide, at each group rotor electromagnet (14,15) and firmly be installed in the independent current collector (4 on the rotor (12), 5) element (26,27,28,29) has electric binding, current collector (4,5) element (26,27,28,29) be mounted to and contact with the distribution current collector, the latter has electric binding with the voltage regulating device (36) that is packed on the stator, and linking method is: when the axis (18) of the axis (17) of any one group of electromagnet (14) and corresponding stator magnetic element (11) when coinciding, the electromagnet (14) in this group disconnects mutually with voltage regulating device (36).
2, according to the described a kind of motor wheel of claim 1, it is characterized in that: distribution current collector (6) is by equally distributed along circumference, quantity is according to few more than the stator magnetic element (11), mutual insulating radially, heteropolarity plate (22,24) form, any two adjacent heteropolarities (22,24) distance between is greater than current collector (4,5) element (26,27,28,29) width, heteropolarity plate (22,24) be connected with the different outputs of voltage regulator (30) every a slice ground, simultaneously, when the axis (18) of the axis (17) of arbitrary group of electromagnet (14) and corresponding stator magnetic element (11) when coinciding, the element (26 of this group current collector (4), 27) be in corresponding heteropolarity plate (22,24) middle position between, and when the axis (19) of arbitrary group of electromagnet (15) is positioned at middle position between the axis (18) of corresponding stator magnetic element (11), the element (28 of this group current collector (5), 29) the different outputs (7 of axis with connected voltage adjusting device (36), the axis of corresponding heteropolarity plate 8) coincides.
3, according to the described motor wheel of claim 2, it is characterized in that: rotor (12) electromagnet (14,15) in every group is such even layout: the distance between the axis (17 or 19) of adjacent electromagnet (14 or 15) equals the distance between the adjacent magnetic part of stator (9) (11) axis (18), and the electromagnet (14 or 15) in each group alternately is separated by on polarity.
4, according to the described motor wheel of claim 1, it is characterized in that: it has the electric energy accumulator (32) that the electrical ties relation is arranged with distribution current collector (6), and distribution current collector (6) is to constitute like this: when the axis (17) of any one group of electromagnet (14) coincides with the axis of stator (9) electromagnetic component (11), these electromagnet (14) disconnect from voltage regulating device (36), and be switched to electric energy accumulator (32), and when the axis (18) of the axis (19) of arbitrary group of electromagnet (15) and stator (9) magnetic element (11) when not overlapping, these electromagnet are switched to voltage regulating device (36) and disconnect from electric energy accumulator (32).
5, according to the described a kind of motor wheel of claim 4, it is characterized in that: electric energy accumulator (32) and distribution current collector (6) have the electrical ties relation, the latter is by even layout, quantity is according to stator magnetic element (11), alternating polarity is different, the radially conductive plate (22 of mutual insulating, 24) form, and be connected at the different outputs of those and voltage regulating device (36), the plate (22 that alternating polarity changes, 24) in the middle of, be furnished with intermediary's plate (23), intermediary's plate (23) is pulled to the different exits of electric energy accumulator (32) every a slice simultaneously, any two adjacent and plates (22 that polarity is different, 24) distance is greater than current collector (4 between, 5) element (26,27,28,29) width, at this moment, if the axis (17) of any one group of electromagnet (14) coincides with the axis (18) of corresponding stator (9) electromagnetic component (11), the then element (26 of this group rotor (12) electromagnet (14) current collector (4), 27) just in time be positioned on the center line of the corresponding intermediary plate (23) that is linking the different exits of electric energy accumulator (32) (20); And if the axis (19) of any one group of electromagnet (15) is positioned at the middle position between corresponding stator (9) magnetic element (11) axis, then the dead in line of this group current collector (5) element (28,29) is on the corresponding heteropolarity plate (22,24) that is linking the different outputs of voltage regulating device (36) (7,8).
6, according to claim 2 or 3 or 5 described motor wheels, it is characterized by: motor rotor is made of at least one annulus with magnetic conductor (16), the wheel rim (1) of band cover tire (2) is housed at the outer surface of rotor (12) annulus, on the inner surface of rotor magnetic conductor (16), arranging rotor electromagnet (14 in groups, 15), stator (9) is made up of at least one disk, periphery at each disk is equipped with annular magnetizer (10), arranging stator magnetic element (11) at the outer surface of magnetic conductor (10), simultaneously rotor (12) electromagnet (14,15) and the axis (17 of stator (9) electromagnetic component, 19) be radially.
7, according to claim 2 or 3 or 5 described motor wheels, it is characterized by: rotor (12) is made of at least one disk, disk is positioned at a certain side of making discoid stator and is contained on the wheel shaft (3), and stator magnetic element (11) is arranged in a certain side of stator (9) disk and its magnetic axis (18) is paralleled with wheel shaft (3).
8, according to the described motor wheel of claim 7, it is characterized in that: the rotor (12) of making two disk (40,41) shapes, double plate is each positioned at the bilateral of stator (9) and is installed on the axle (3), on each disk (40,41) of rotor at least one group of electromagnet (14,15) is housed.
9, according to claim 2 or 3 or 5 described motor wheels, it is characterized by: the rotor of motor (12) is made (40 of double plate, 41), its double plate is each positioned at the both sides of making discoid stator (9), stator magnetic element (11) is equipped with along circumference in both sides at stator, and make its magnetic axis (18) be parallel to wheel shaft (3), stator (9) is equipped with the structure with main distribution current collector (6), the auxiliary ligand electrojet device (42) that position and electrical ties mode are similar, each disk (40 at rotor (12), 41) be furnished with one group of electromagnet (14 at least, 15), current collector (4) element (26 of one of rotor (12) disk (40), 27) to dress up to have and electrically contact with main distribution current collector (6), and the element of another disk of rotor (12) (41) current collector (5) (28,29) to dress up to have with auxiliary ligand electrojet device (42) and electrically contact.
10, according to the described motor wheel of claim 6, it is characterized by: if rotor (12) is made of at least two annulus, then be furnished with at least on therein each one group of electromagnet (14,15) and corresponding with these groups, be similar to current collector (4,5) and firmly be installed in auxiliary current collector on the corresponding rotor annulus.
11, according to the described motor wheel of claim 10, it is characterized by: each installation that is similar to the auxiliary current collector of current collector (4,5) will make its element (26,27,28,29) contact with distribution current collector (6).
12, according to the described motor wheel of claim 10, it is characterized in that: it comprises the auxiliary current collector (42) that at least one structure, position and electrical ties mode are similar to main distribution current collector (6), and the installation that is similar to the auxiliary current collector of current collector (4,5) will make its element (26,27,28,29) contact with one of auxiliary ligand electrojet device (42).
13, according to the described motor wheel of claim 10, it is characterized by: it comprises at least one structure and the electrical ties mode is similar to the auxiliary ligand electrojet device (42) of main distribution current collector (6), stator (9) is made of at least two coaxial disks, simultaneously auxiliary ligand electrojet device (42) is contained on the side of corresponding stator (9) disk, and the installation that is similar to the auxiliary current collector of current collector (4,5) will make its element (26,27,28,29) contacting of electricity be arranged with corresponding auxiliary ligand electrojet device (42).
14, according to the described motor wheel of claim 10, it is characterized by: towards rotor discs (40, the magnetic pole that even number is housed on each face of stator 41) (9) disk strikes a bargain for stator electromagnet at interval, and each current collector (6,42) be equipped with the conductive plate and the auxiliary intermediary conductive plate (48) of assisting heteropolarity, they and main heteropolarity, main intermediary plate is similar, insulation also is arranged on the circumference of another diameter similarly mutually, current collector (4,5) each respective element (26,27,28,29) be equipped with corresponding master and be subjected to electric device that the auxiliary electric device (49 that is subjected to of electrical ties is arranged, 50), it is with respect to additional conductive plate (46,47) installation method is similar to the main electric device (26 that is subjected to, 27,28,29) with respect to led panel sheet (22,24) installation method, auxiliary simultaneously heteropolarity plate (46,47) link in pairs mutually, each is to by two adjacent auxiliary heteropolarity plates (46,47) constitute, and auxiliary heteropolarity plate (46,47) alternately be separated by each centering each to the corresponding output end (51 of stator electromagnet (53), 52) electric binding is arranged, main heteropolarity plate is divided into the adjacent different polarity plate (22 that is electrically connected mutually and is knotted by two, what 24) constituted is right, and main heteropolarity plate (22,24) each of each centering of interleaved to voltage regulating device (36) in corresponding output end (7,8) electric binding is arranged, each disk (40 at rotor, 41) on, laying a corresponding group rotor electromagnet.
15, according to claim 2 or 3 or the described motor wheel of one of 5-13, it is characterized by: permanent magnet is installed as stator electromagnetic component (11).
16, according to the described motor of claim 8 wheel, it is characterized by: make the groove (43) of equidistant setting at the periphery of stator disk, the alternate permanent magnet of alternating polarity is placed along circumference in the inside, and its magnetic flux axis (18) is parallel with wheel shaft (3).
17, according to claim 2 or 3 or one of 5-13 or 15 described motors wheels, it is characterized by: it additionally comprises the collector (piece) of magnetic flux, and replacing alternate magnetic element on the stator along the periphery of stator (9) disk and be provided with, its magnetic line of force direction is the tangent line of disc circumference between collector (54).
18, according to the described motor wheel of one of claim 2 or 4-17, it is characterized by: any distribution current collector (6,42) is packed in when stator (9) is gone up might do the angle rotation with respect to stator (9) axle.
19, according to the described motor of one of claim 4-18 wheel, it is characterized by: main and/or lay free superfluous plate (55) between auxiliary heteropolarity and intermediary's plate (22,23,24,46,47,48) on the distribution current collector.
20, according to claim 2 or 3 or the described motor wheel of one of 5-18, it is characterized by: go up between main and/or auxiliary heteropolarity and intermediary's plate (46,47,48) at any auxiliary ligand electrojet device (42) and lay free superfluous plate (55).
21, according to the described motor wheel of one of claim 1-18, it is characterized by: one or array rotor electromagnet (14,15) be divided into subgroup, distance between the adjacent magnetic element with stator of the subgroup electromagnet in each subgroup (14 or 15) (11) is consistent evenly circumferentially, simultaneously each subgroup is equipped with auxiliary current collector, and its element is used for electrically contacting with distribution current collector (6) or auxiliary current collector (6) or auxiliary ligand electrojet device (42).
22, according to the described motor wheel of claim 5-21, it is characterized by: intermediary's plate (23,48) of main distribution current collector (6) and auxiliary ligand electrojet device (42) is switched to electric energy accumulator (32) by rectifier (34).
23, according to claim 2 or 3 or the described motor wheel of one of 5-21, it is characterized by: it is equipped with the change over switch (37) of binary channels for an output, the output of voltage regulating device this moment (36) and the first input end of change over switch (37) join, its output correspondingly with the heteropolarity plate (22 of distribution current collector (6) and auxiliary ligand electrojet device (42), 24,46,47) join, its second input then joins by rectifier (38) and the input of voltage regulating device (36) or the input of electric energy accumulator (32) or auxiliary electrical accumulator.
24, wheelchair for disabled persons is characterized by: it be equipped with by claim 23 or 57 or 9 14 or 15 or the motor wheel of the described structure of one of 17-23 in a kind of.
25, electric bicycle is characterized by: it be equipped with by claim 23 or 5 or one of one of 7-9 or 14-23 described in a kind of in the motor wheel of structure.
26, electric tractor is characterized by: it be equipped with by claim 23 or 56 or the described structure motor wheel of one of one of 8-15 or 18-23 in a kind of.
27, battery vehicle is characterized by: it is equipped with a kind of by in the motor of one of one of claim 2 or 3 or 5 or 6 or 8 or 15 or the 18-23 described structure wheel.
28, electric automobile is characterized by: it be equipped with by claim 23 or 58 or 9 or the motor wheel of the described structure of one of 14-23 in a kind of.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90106075 CN1028337C (en) | 1990-12-26 | 1990-12-26 | Independent-drive wheel for wheel-mounted vehicle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90106075 CN1028337C (en) | 1990-12-26 | 1990-12-26 | Independent-drive wheel for wheel-mounted vehicle |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1063002A true CN1063002A (en) | 1992-07-22 |
| CN1028337C CN1028337C (en) | 1995-05-03 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90106075 Expired - Fee Related CN1028337C (en) | 1990-12-26 | 1990-12-26 | Independent-drive wheel for wheel-mounted vehicle |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1028337C (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103560617A (en) * | 2013-10-10 | 2014-02-05 | 车晋绥 | Magnetic rubber wheel motor for electric bicycle |
| CN103950374A (en) * | 2014-05-21 | 2014-07-30 | 中北大学 | Big wheeled vehicle with son-mother structure wheels |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8519575B2 (en) * | 2009-11-09 | 2013-08-27 | Nucleus Scientific, Inc. | Linear electric machine with linear-to-rotary converter |
| JP7211625B2 (en) | 2016-09-13 | 2023-01-24 | インディゴ テクノロジーズ， インク． | Multi-bar linkage electric drive system |
-
1990
- 1990-12-26 CN CN 90106075 patent/CN1028337C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103560617A (en) * | 2013-10-10 | 2014-02-05 | 车晋绥 | Magnetic rubber wheel motor for electric bicycle |
| CN103560617B (en) * | 2013-10-10 | 2015-12-23 | 车晋绥 | Magnetic rubber wheel motor for electric bicycle |
| CN103950374A (en) * | 2014-05-21 | 2014-07-30 | 中北大学 | Big wheeled vehicle with son-mother structure wheels |
| CN103950374B (en) * | 2014-05-21 | 2016-02-24 | 中北大学 | Primary and secondary structure wheel six-wheel car |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1028337C (en) | 1995-05-03 |
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