CN106299726B - A kind of implementation method of the phased array uniform speed scanning based on arcsine clock - Google Patents
A kind of implementation method of the phased array uniform speed scanning based on arcsine clock Download PDFInfo
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- CN106299726B CN106299726B CN201610970149.1A CN201610970149A CN106299726B CN 106299726 B CN106299726 B CN 106299726B CN 201610970149 A CN201610970149 A CN 201610970149A CN 106299726 B CN106299726 B CN 106299726B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
- H01Q3/34—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means
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- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of implementation methods of phased array uniform speed scanning based on arcsine clock, scanning range selected first, scanning speed, phase shifter stepping accuracy and array antenna basic parameter；Then excitation phase difference range between adjacent array element is found out, phase shifter phase jumps the corresponding time every time in the maximum change frequency of phase shifter and a cycle in 1/2 scan period；The final uniform speed scanning for realizing phased array main lobe beam position.The present invention changes array element excitation phase in non-uniform temporal intervals equivalent using arcsine clock signal control phase shifter, realize the uniform speed scanning of phased array antenna, help to realize high scanning accuracy, the lesser phased array antenna uniform speed scanning control of the sequential operation amount of phase shifter control system in feeding network, the design complexities for simplifying hardware circuit have very high application value in communications fields such as radar, microwave landings.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to phased-array antennas, are related to a kind of phased array uniform speed scanning side applied to microwave landing system
Method.
Background technique
Phased array antenna is mainly used in radar or the navigation equipment in the fields such as ground, ship, aerospace, is led to
The current feed phase of radiating element in control array antenna is crossed to change pattern shapes.Control phase can change antenna radiation pattern
The direction of maximum value, to achieve the purpose that beam scanning.
Uniform speed scanning phased array antenna is a kind of phased array of antenna pattern main lobe beam position even variation at any time
Antenna is applied to microwave landing system (MLS:Microwave Landing System) more.Microwave landing system is to require
The aircraft in land provides angle guidance information, including bearing directing equipment, elevation angle guidance equipment and ranging answering equipment, wherein antenna
It is that whole system signal emits received important component, especially azimuth scan antenna and Elevation Scanning antenna is phased array day
Line realizes one-dimensional scanning in horizontal plane, vertical guide respectively, forms the scanning surface shape of narrow beam, Sidelobe.Ground installation emits day
Line is uniform speed scanning phased array system, and the wave beam of uniform speed scanning, airborne receiving equipment connect back and forth within the scope of certain angle for transmitting
Receive " next ", two burst pulses that " returning " scanning generates, by measuring the time interval of two adjacent signal pulses, combined ground is even
Fast phased array beam is directed toward and the relationship of time change, it can be determined that angle guidance information needed for aircraft landing.Therefore, phased
The research of the uniform speed scanning characteristic of array antenna has very important significance.
For uniform speed scanning phased array antenna, it can use beam steering system and moved at the time of constant duration for number
Phase device provides trigger signal, makes the non-uniform change array element excitation phase of phase shifter, realizes beam position even variation at any time,
But this method requires just to be able to satisfy high-precision beam scanning using the digital phase shifter of higher stepping accuracy, and digital phase shifter
Stepping accuracy is higher, then cost is higher.
Summary of the invention
For overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of phased array uniform speed scanning based on arcsine clock
Implementation method controls phase shifter using the clock signal of arcsine transformation, changes phase shifter in non-uniform temporal intervals equivalent
Array element excitation phase realizes the uniform speed scanning of phased array antenna.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems including the following steps:
1) scanning range, scanning speed, phase shifter stepping accuracy and array are selected according to phase-array scanning property requirements
Antenna parameter；
2) according to array antenna array factor maximum value condition, excitation phase difference range between adjacent array element is found out；
3) excitation phase difference range and phase shifter stepping accuracy are utilized, it is maximum to obtain 1/2 scan period underexcitation phase
Change numberWherein, (αmin, αmax) it is adjacent array element phase range in battle array, Δ=2 pi/2sk
For phase shifter stepping accuracy,It is to round up；
4) array antenna array factor maximum value condition is corrected, phased Array Factors maximum value expression formula is obtained:
Wherein,
Wherein β is electromagnetic wave free-space propagation constant, and d is adjacent array element spacing, θmFor array radiation patterns wave beam
It is directed toward, p is phase shifter phase change number, (θmin, θmax) it is phase-array scanning range, ω is phase-array scanning speed, and t is to sweep
Retouch time variable, Ts=2 π/ω is the uniform speed scanning phase-array scanning period；
5) by step 1), 3) in parameter be brought into the phased Array Factors maximum value expression formula of step 4), obtain one
Each excitation phase changes corresponding time series t={ t in scan period1, t2..., tp, tp+1..., t2p-1, t2p}；
6) by time series t divided by clock signal of system cycle TCLK, obtain a scan period underexcitation phase change pair
The arcsine clock sequence answered
Count={ count1, count2..., countP, countP+1..., count2P-1, count2P}；
7) in a scan period, whenever the numerical value of control system pulse counter is equal in step 6) in arcsine sequence
Some numerical value when, uniformly change excitation phase phase-shift phase, keep phased array main lobe beam position within a scan period even
Speed scanning, the final uniform speed scanning for realizing phased array.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: can be phased by selecting phase shifter phase quantization digit flexibly to control uniform speed scanning
The scanning accuracy of battle array can also obtain meeting the at the uniform velocity phased of expected requirement by adjusting scanning speed and scanning angle range
Array 1 system.
Whole process of the invention controls phase shifter using the clock signal of arcsine transformation, and equivalent changes array element and motivates phase
Position, help to realize high scanning accuracy, in feeding network phase shifter control system the lesser phased array antenna of sequential operation amount
Uniform speed scanning control, simplifies the design complexities of hardware circuit.
Equivalent of the present invention changes excitation phase value, and scanning accuracy is high, reduces the operand of system program, simplifies hardware electricity
Road design.
The present invention controls phase shifter equivalent by the clock signal of arcsine transformation and changes array element excitation phase, makes to motivate phase
Position transformation period is in arcsine relationship with change frequency, realizes that the scanning angle phased array in a linear relationship with the time is at the uniform velocity swept
It retouches.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is method flow block diagram of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the embodiment of the present invention about centrosymmetric uniform linear array of antennas schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is the at the uniform velocity phased array antenna feeding network schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is that array element excitation phase changes the time and changes the relationship of number in a scan period of the embodiment of the present invention
Schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is that the main lobe beam position of the uniform speed scanning phased array of the embodiment of the present invention and the relationship of sweep time are illustrated
Figure.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples, and the present invention includes but are not limited to following implementations
Example.
The present invention including the following steps:
1) scanning range, scanning speed, phase shifter stepping accuracy and array are selected according to phase-array scanning property requirements
Antenna basic parameter；
2) according to array antenna array factor maximum value condition, excitation phase difference range between adjacent array element is found out；
3) excitation phase difference range and phase shifter stepping accuracy are utilized, it is maximum to obtain 1/2 scan period underexcitation phase
Change the expression formula of number P
Wherein, (αmin, αmax) it is adjacent array element phase range in battle array, Δ=2 pi/2skFor phase shifter stepping accuracy, k is
Phase quantization digit,It is to round up；
4) array antenna array factor maximum value condition is corrected, phased Array Factors maximum value expression formula is obtained:
Wherein,
Wherein β is electromagnetic wave free-space propagation constant, and d is adjacent array element spacing, θmFor array radiation patterns wave beam
It is directed toward, p is phase shifter phase change number, (θmin, θmax) it is phase-array scanning range, ω is phase-array scanning speed, and t is to sweep
Retouch time variable, Ts=2 π/ω is the uniform speed scanning phase-array scanning period.
5) step 1), 3) in parameter be brought into step 4) expression formula (2), (3), it can be deduced that in a scan period
Each excitation phase changes corresponding time series t={ t1, t2..., tp, tp+1..., t2p-1, t2p}；
6) the time series t obtained by step 5) is divided by clock signal of system cycle TCLK, can quantify to obtain a scanning week
The corresponding arcsine clock sequence of phase underexcitation phase change
Count={ count1, count2..., countP, countP+1..., count2P-1, count2P}；
7) in a scan period, the numerical value of control system pulse counter is equal to the number in step 6) in arcsine sequence
Value then uniformly changes excitation phase phase-shift phase at the time of corresponding, makes phased array main lobe beam position within a scan period
Uniform speed scanning, the final uniform speed scanning for realizing phased array.
Step 1) the phased array can be uniform linear array, i.e. each array element is individual antenna unit, can also be with
It is a uniform planar array, i.e., each array element can be a submatrix.
In step 3), the phase shifter stepping accuracy depends on phase shifter phase quantization digit, increases quantization digit, mentions
The scanning accuracy of high array antenna, and the scan period underexcitation phase change number is 2P.
In step 6), the time series and arcsine clock sequence are to become with phase change number in arcsine rule
The discrete series changed, and period of change is 2P.
The time series, arcsine clock sequence and beam main lobe orientation angle are linear relationships.
Referring to Fig. 1, the design procedure of the embodiment of the present invention is as follows:
Step 1: according to phase-array scanning property requirements select scanning range, scanning speed, phase shifter stepping accuracy and
Array antenna basic parameter；
The present embodiment selects uniform linear array as shown in Figure 2, and (wherein each array element can be individual antenna unit
Can be a submatrix), array element number N=60, array element spacing is d=λ/2, and λ is electromagnetic wave free space wavelength, phased array system
The scanning range of system is set as (θmin, θmax), wherein θmin=-60 °, θmax=60 °, scanning speed is ω=100 °/s, and phase
Quantization digit is 6, i.e. phase shifter stepping accuracy Δ=360 °/26。
Step 2: according to array antenna array factor maximum value condition, finding out excitation phase difference range between adjacent array element；
Beam position scanning range in step 1 is brought into the sub- maximum value conditional expression of array, available implementation
Excitation phase variation range (α in examplemin, αmax), wherein αmin=-155.88 °, αmax=155.88 °.
Step 3: using excitation phase difference range and phase shifter stepping accuracy and expression formula (1), obtaining 1/2 scanning week
Phase underexcitation phase maximum change number P=22.
Step 4: amendment array antenna array factor maximum value condition obtains phased Array Factors maximum value expression formula, such as table
Up to shown in formula (2), (3).
Step 5: the parameter in steps 1 and 2,3 is brought into step 4) expression formula (2), (3), it can be deduced that a scanning week
Each excitation phase changes corresponding time series t in phase.
T is the discrete series with phase change number in the variation of arcsine rule, element number 2P=in the present embodiment
44, as shown in Figure 4.
Step 6: by step 5 gained time series t divided by clock signal of system cycle TCLK, can quantify to obtain one and sweep
Retouch the corresponding arcsine clock sequence count of period underexcitation phase change；Wherein the present embodiment control system clock cycle TCLK
=0.1 μ s.
Step 7: in a scan period, the numerical value of control system pulse counter is equal in step 6) in arcsine sequence
Numerical value, then uniformly change excitation phase phase-shift phase at the time of corresponding, make phased array main lobe wave beam within a scan period
It is directed toward uniform speed scanning, the final uniform speed scanning for realizing phased array.
As can be seen that main lobe beam position and time are in a linear relationship from expression formula (3) and Fig. 5, i.e., this method meets
The requirement of phased array antenna uniform speed scanning.The present invention is a kind of realization side of phased array uniform speed scanning based on arcsine clock
Method, can be regular in arcsine with change frequency by excitation phase transformation period, realizes that scanning angle is linearly closed with the time
The at the uniform velocity phased array of system, whole process only need control system to select the suitable time, and equivalent changes excitation phase, facilitates reality
The lesser phased array antenna uniform speed scanning control of sequential operation amount of phase shifter control system in existing high scanning accuracy, feeding network
System simplifies the design complexities of hardware circuit.There is very high application value in communications fields such as radar, microwave landings.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of implementation method of the phased array uniform speed scanning based on arcsine clock, it is characterised in that include the following steps:
1) scanning range, scanning speed, phase shifter stepping accuracy and array antenna are selected according to phase-array scanning property requirements
Parameter, array antenna parameter are array element number and array element spacing；
2) according to array antenna array factor maximum value condition, excitation phase difference range between adjacent array element is found out；
3) excitation phase difference range and phase shifter stepping accuracy are utilized, 1/2 scan period underexcitation phase maximum change is obtained
NumberWherein, (αmin, αmax) it is adjacent array element phase range in battle array, Δ=2 pi/2skTo move
Phase device stepping accuracy, k are phase quantization digit,It is to round up；
4) array antenna array factor maximum value condition is corrected, phased Array Factors maximum value expression formula is obtained:
Wherein,
Wherein β is electromagnetic wave free-space propagation constant, and d is adjacent array element spacing, θmFor array radiation patterns beam position, p
For phase shifter phase change number, (θmin, θmax) it is phase-array scanning range, ω is phase-array scanning speed, and t is sweep time
Variable, Ts=2 π/ω is the uniform speed scanning phase-array scanning period；
5) by step 1), 3) in parameter be updated to the phased Array Factors maximum value expression formula of step 4), obtain a scanning
Each excitation phase changes corresponding time series t={ t in period1, t2..., tP, tP+1..., t2P-1, t2P}；
6) by time series t divided by clock signal of system cycle TCLK, it is corresponding to obtain a scan period underexcitation phase change
Arcsine clock sequence
Count={ count1, count2..., countP, countP+1..., count2P-1, count2P}；
7) in a scan period, whenever the numerical value of control system pulse counter is equal to certain in step 6) in arcsine sequence
When one numerical value, uniformly changes excitation phase phase-shift phase, sweep phased array main lobe beam position within a scan period at the uniform velocity
It retouches, the final uniform speed scanning for realizing phased array.
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| CN110611169B (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2021-04-02 | 上海交通大学 | Phased array antenna system based on periodic phase modulation and application method thereof |
| CN112072309B (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2023-02-28 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所 | Step-compensation low-cost phased array antenna framework and design method thereof |
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