CN106299580B - A kind of wide range high power microwave radiation system based on plate Blumlein transmission lines - Google Patents
A kind of wide range high power microwave radiation system based on plate Blumlein transmission lines Download PDFInfo
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- CN106299580B CN106299580B CN201610902307.XA CN201610902307A CN106299580B CN 106299580 B CN106299580 B CN 106299580B CN 201610902307 A CN201610902307 A CN 201610902307A CN 106299580 B CN106299580 B CN 106299580B
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- microwave oscillator
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P7/00—Resonators of the waveguide type
- H01P7/08—Strip line resonators
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of wide range high power microwave radiation systems based on plate Blumlein transmission lines, including pulsed drive source, microwave oscillator and antenna；The device generates nanosecond pulse by pulsed drive source, and nanosecond pulse is modulated to the oscillating impulse of specific frequency using microwave oscillator, and wide range high power microwave radiation is generated in space by antenna；Microwave oscillator is made of plate Blumlein transmission lines and gas spark switch；The middle pole plate of Blumlein transmission lines can set adjusting in the enterprising line position of electromagnetic pulse transmission direction；Gas spark switch be mounted in, in the slideway between bottom crown, the oscillating impulse of certain frequency can be generated by the relative position of gas spark switch and middle pole plate；Can be constructed using the present invention, which can generate centre frequency, is the broadband high-power microwave irradiation system concrete structure of hundreds of MHz~a few GHz, and realizes the on-line control of centre frequency；Solves small size, the technical barrier that variable ratio frequency changer High-Power Microwave generates.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wide range High-Power Microwave technical fields, are transmitted based on plate Blumlein more particularly, to one kind
The structure of the wide range high power microwave radiation system of line.
Background technology
Ultra-wide spectrum and narrow spectrum radio-frequency pulse are two kinds of typical technology types of High-Power Microwave, the frequency of ultra-wide spectrum radio-frequency pulse
Band range is wide, but power spectral density is low；The frequency range of narrow spectrum radio-frequency pulse is narrow, but power spectral density is high；In order to have both two
The technological merit of person, it is proposed that wide range High-Power Microwave technology；Portion as most critical in wide range high power microwave radiation system
The performance of one of part, high-power microwave oscillator directly influences the radiation characteristic of system, therefore, wideband microwave oscillator technique
As the research emphasis and difficult point in the field.
Currently, in wide range high-power microwave oscillator technical field, the technical solution mainly used includes：Single stage coaxial type
Quarter-wave oscillator, linear type switch arrays microwave oscillator and dispersive-antenna；Wherein, quarter-wave oscillator
The radio-frequency pulse that centre frequency is hundred MHz is generally produced, is limited to the electrical length of transmission line, it is difficult to generate the microwave of GHz or more；
Linear type switch arrays microwave oscillator generally produces the radio-frequency pulse that centre frequency is GHz, if centre frequency is gradually decrease to
When hundred MHz, the length of whole system dramatically increases, and significantly limits the engineer application of device；For dispersive-antenna technology body
System, antenna type is relatively more fixed, and choice is smaller, and is limited to the bandwidth of antenna, and difficulty is larger in practical applications.
Using electromagnetic pulse in two sections of transmission line (Z1、Z2) and load (Z3) transmission process in catadioptric effect, be based on
The wide range high-power microwave oscillator of plate Blumlein transmission lines can generate wide range High-Power Microwave.It the advantage is that：Phase
With the radio-frequency pulse that 2 times of coaxial type quarter-wave oscillators of centre frequency under physical length, can be generated；And by changing
The electrical length of two sections of transmission lines is adjusted in the position of pole plate in change, to realize the online tune to High-Power Microwave centre frequency
Control.
Invention content
Technical problems to be solved
Currently, that there is volumes is big, complicated, microwave central frequency range is narrow for wide range high power microwave radiation system,
And frequency can not on-line control the problems such as, in consideration of it, the present invention provides a kind of width based on plate Blumlein transmission lines
High power microwave radiation system is composed, it is hundred MW~GW magnitudes that can generate power, and centre frequency is hundred MHz~GHz, and can be with
The centre frequency of on-line control High-Power Microwave.
Technical solution
In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention is achieved by the following scheme.
Wide range high power microwave radiation system based on plate Blumlein transmission lines, which is characterized in that pulsed drive
Source generates high power voltage pulse, and when voltage magnitude meets gas spark switch closure condition, electromagnetic wave starts
Two sections of transmission lines of Blumlein are propagated, the catadioptric effect generated using transmission line and load impedance mismatch, in antenna feed
Inlet forms the wide range oscillating impulse of certain frequency, and generates High-Power Microwave eventually by aerial radiation.
Specifically：
A kind of wide range high power microwave radiation system based on plate Blumlein transmission lines, including pulsed drive source,
Microwave oscillator and antenna, pulsed drive source generate nanosecond pulse, and nanosecond pulse is modulated to specific frequency by microwave oscillator
Oscillating impulse generates wide range high power microwave radiation by antenna in space；It is characterized in that the microwave oscillator includes micro-
Wave oscillator shell, plate Blumlein transmission lines, gas spark switch, D-dot voltage testers probe and gas nozzle, it is plate
Blumlein transmission lines are located in microwave oscillator shell, including top crown, middle pole plate and bottom crown, wherein middle pole plate installation
Adjusting, top crown and bottom crown quilt can be set in two side bayonet slot of microwave oscillator shell in the enterprising line position in Electromagnetic pulse propagation direction
Clamp is fixed on microwave oscillator shell, and relative position can not move；It is respectively provided with one at the center of middle pole plate and bottom crown
Slideway, two electrodes of gas spark switch are separately mounted in the slideway of middle pole plate and bottom crown；In microwave oscillator
Input port, the cylindrical inner conductor of pulsed drive source output terminal are connect with middle pole plate, the cylinder of pulsed drive source output terminal
Outer conductor is connect with bottom crown；In the output port of microwave oscillator, bottom crown and top crown stretch out microwave oscillator shell,
And it is connect with antenna；D-dot voltage testers, which are popped one's head in, is assemblied in the tail portion of top crown, and close to aerial position, upper and lower for measuring
Voltage pulse waveforms between pole plate, gas nozzle are located on microwave oscillator shell.
Characteristic impedance between bottom crown and middle pole plate is Z1, and the characteristic impedance between middle pole plate and top crown is Z2, on
The impedance of characteristic impedance and loaded antenna between pole plate and bottom crown is equal, and is Z3, the calculating of plate transfer line impedence
It is as follows：
In formula：μ is magnetic conductivity, and ε is dielectric constant, and d is tablet spacing, and D is sheet width；Define coefficient a and k difference
For：
When coefficient a and k meet following one of two things respectively：
Or
Aerial radiation can be made to go out the microwave of certain centre frequency.
Effective length between bottom crown and middle pole plate is equal to the effective length between middle pole plate and top crown.
The gas nozzle can not have, and be substituted for inside microwave oscillator and load transformer oil.
The microwave oscillator shell uses nylon, organic glass, epoxy resin or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
The single channel discharge electrode structure of spherical ellipse, round rectangle can be used in gas spark switch, and circle also can be used
Cricoid multi-channel discharge electrode structure.
Advantageous effect
A kind of wide range high power microwave radiation system based on plate Blumlein transmission lines proposed by the present invention, advantage
For：
1. the microwave oscillator based on plate Blumlein transmission lines is small, simple in structure, compact, two are transmitted
Line folds arrangement, can generate the wide range high power that centre frequency is 2 times of quarter-wave oscillator under same physical length
Microwave, the frequency range for radiating High-Power Microwave can be from hundred MHz~GHz.
2. the middle pole plate and gas spark switch of plate Blumlein transmission lines can be independently in Electromagnetic pulse propagation sides
It is adjusted upwards, by adjusting the relative position of middle pole plate and gas spark switch, thus it is possible to vary the electricity of two sections of transmission lines is long
Degree, and then realize the on-line control to High-Power Microwave centre frequency.
3. two sections of transmission lines that it is Blumlein that pulsed drive source, which exports pulse first, charge, in the middle, between bottom crown
When voltage reaches the breakdown voltage of gas spark switch, switch discharge, electromagnetic pulse starts in, bottom crown and upper, middle pole plate
Between propagate, the catadioptric effect generated by two sections of transmission lines and antenna impedance mismatch is formed centainly in antenna feed inlet
The oscillating impulse of centre frequency；By changing the mismatching of impedance, it can further adjust and generate declining for oscillating impulse envelope
Deceleration and cycle of oscillation number.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the wide range high power microwave radiation system sectional view based on plate Blumlein transmission lines；
Fig. 2 is the microwave oscillator sectional view of plate Blumlein transmission lines；
Fig. 3 is microwave oscillator input and output waveform；
Fig. 4 is the spectrogram of microwave oscillator output waveform；
Fig. 5 is aerial radiation waveform
Wherein：1- microwave oscillator shells；2- top crowns；Pole plate in 3-；4- bottom crowns；5- gas spark switch；6-D-
Dot voltage testers are popped one's head in；7- gas nozzles；8-O type circles；9- clamps；10- card slots；11- slideways.
Specific implementation mode
In conjunction with embodiment, attached drawing, the invention will be further described：
A kind of wide range high power microwave radiation system based on plate Blumlein transmission lines, the device are driven by pulse
Dynamic source generates nanosecond pulse, and nanosecond pulse is modulated to the oscillating impulse of specific frequency using microwave oscillator, passes through antenna
Wide range high power microwave radiation is generated in space；Microwave oscillator is by plate Blumlein transmission lines and gas spark switch structure
At；The middle pole plate of Blumlein transmission lines can set adjusting in the enterprising line position of electromagnetic pulse transmission direction；Gas spark switch is installed
In slideway in, between bottom crown, shaking for certain frequency can be generated by the relative position of gas spark switch and middle pole plate
Swing pulse；The broadband high-power microwave spoke that can generate that centre frequency is hundreds of MHz~a few GHz can be constructed using the present invention
System concrete structure is penetrated, and realizes the on-line control of centre frequency；Solves small size, the skill that variable ratio frequency changer High-Power Microwave generates
Art problem.
Referring to Fig. 1, the wide range high power microwave radiation system sectional view based on plate Blumlein transmission lines is shown,
Fig. 2 shows the microwave oscillator sectional views of plate Blumlein transmission lines.
A kind of wide range high power microwave radiation system based on plate Blumlein transmission lines, including pulsed drive source,
Microwave oscillator and antenna；Wherein, microwave oscillator is by microwave oscillator shell 1, top crown 2, middle pole plate 3, bottom crown 4, gas
Body spark switch 5, D-dot voltage testers probe 6, gas nozzle 7, O-ring 8, clamp 9, card slot 10 and slideway 11, top crown 2, middle pole
Plate 3 and bottom crown 4 constitute plate Blumlein transmission lines；Pulsed drive source be coaxial type output, the inner wire of output end and
Outer conductor is respectively connected to the middle pole plate and bottom crown of plate Blumlein transmission lines, wherein outer conductor and bottom crown ground connection,
Keep zero potential, inner wire output HIGH voltage pulse.
The cylindrical inner conductor of pulsed drive source output terminal is inserted into microwave oscillator enclosure, is realized by O-ring 8
Sealing；By using clamp 9, the upper and lower polar plate position of microwave oscillator is fixed；In the output port of microwave oscillator, above,
Bottom crown stretches out microwave oscillator shell, is connect with antenna, and processing is sealed by smearing fluid sealant at slit；D-dot
Voltage tester probe 6 is assemblied in the tail portion of top crown, and close to antenna end, for measuring the voltage waveform between upper and lower pole plate.
Gas nozzle 7 is located on microwave oscillator shell 1, is improved the air pressure in microwave oscillator cavity by gas nozzle 7, is enhanced tablet with this
The dielectric strength of transmission line.
The middle pole plate 3 of microwave oscillator can be moved freely by means of card slot 10 on Electromagnetic pulse propagation direction；In,
The center of bottom crown is separately installed with slideway 11；
Two electrodes of gas spark switch 5 be separately mounted in, in the slideway 11 of bottom crown；In if, between bottom crown
Effective length be l1, the effective length above, between middle pole plate is l2, pass through the opposite of pole plate in change and gas spark switch
Position can adjust effective length l1And l2, under normal running conditions, condition need to be met：
l1=l2 (1)
The top crown and bottom crown of plate Blumlein transmission lines are fixed on microwave oscillator shell by clamp, opposite position
Setting can not move, and by smearing fluid sealant, realize the sealing of microwave oscillator cavity output port；Middle pole plate passes through two side bayonet slots
Adjusting can be set in the enterprising line position in Electromagnetic pulse propagation direction, and be respectively provided at the center of pole plate and bottom crown in transmission line
Two electrodes of one slideway, gas spark switch are separately mounted in the slideway of middle pole plate and bottom crown；The lower pole of transmission line
Characteristic impedance between plate and middle pole plate is Z1, the characteristic impedance between middle pole plate and top crown is Z2, top crown and bottom crown it
Between characteristic impedance and loaded antenna impedance it is equal, and be Z3, the calculating of plate transfer line impedence is as follows：
In formula：μ is magnetic conductivity, and ε is dielectric constant, and d is tablet spacing, and D is sheet width；Impedance factor a is defined respectively
It is respectively with k：
When coefficient a and k meet following situations for the moment respectively：
Or
The High-Power Microwave of certain frequency can be generated.
Insulating gas is filled inside gas spark switch, it is preferable that pure and dry N can be selected2、SF6Or N2/SF6
Mixed gas, air pressure range is in 0.1MPa~1MPa.
Preferably, stainless steel, brass, copper-tungsten material, the clearance gap of gas spark switch can be selected in drum electrode
From can arbitrarily be adjusted between 1~10mm.
Preferably, transformer oil is loaded inside microwave oscillator, effect and gas nozzle are the same.Microwave oscillator shell
Nylon, organic glass, epoxy resin, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) material can be used.
Wherein, Fig. 3, which gives, is fed into the electromagnetic pulse waveform of microwave oscillator and penetrating after microwave oscillator
Frequency electromagnetic pulse, input waveform parameter are：Voltage magnitude is 1 (normalized), the Double exponential pulse of pulse front edge about 4ns；
Microwave oscillator output waveform parameter is：Voltage magnitude 1.4V, pulse front edge about 0.2ns；As can be seen from Fig. 4, oscillating impulse
Centre frequency about 1.2GHz；It is as shown in Figure 5 by the later impulse waveform of aerial radiation.
Therefore, it is an advantage of the invention that：
1. the wide range high power microwave radiation system based on plate Blumlein transmission lines is small, simple in structure,
It is compact, it is not necessarily to vacuum environment；Relative to common wide range high-power microwave oscillator, microwave center frequency small with physical size
Rate adjustable extent is wide, and frequency can on-line control the advantages that.
2. the position of the middle pole plate and gas spark switch by adjusting microwave oscillator, can be changed the electricity of two sections of transmission lines
Length, to change the centre frequency of radiation microwave；In addition, the impedance by changing two sections of transmission lines and antenna, is adjusted spoke
Penetrate the cycle of oscillation number of microwave.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of wide range high power microwave radiation system based on plate Blumlein transmission lines, including it is pulsed drive source, micro-
Wave oscillator and antenna, pulsed drive source generate nanosecond pulse, and nanosecond pulse is modulated to shaking for specific frequency by microwave oscillator
Pulse is swung, wide range high power microwave radiation is generated in space by antenna；It is characterized in that the microwave oscillator includes microwave
Oscillator shell (1), plate Blumlein transmission lines, gas spark switch (5), D-dot voltage testers probe (6) and gas nozzle
(7), plate Blumlein transmission lines are located in microwave oscillator shell (1), including top crown (2), middle pole plate (3) and lower pole
Plate (4), wherein middle pole plate (3) is mounted on (1) two side bayonet slot of microwave oscillator shell, and middle pole plate (3) can pass in electromagnetic pulse
It broadcasts the enterprising line position in direction and sets adjusting, top crown (2) and bottom crown (4) are fixed on by clamp on microwave oscillator shell (1), relatively
Position can not move；It is respectively provided with a slideway at the center of middle pole plate (3) and bottom crown (4), the two of gas spark switch (5)
A electrode is separately mounted in the slideway of middle pole plate (3) and bottom crown (4)；In the input port of microwave oscillator, pulsed drive
The cylindrical inner conductor of source output terminal is connect with middle pole plate (3), the cylindrical outer and bottom crown of pulsed drive source output terminal
(4) it connects；In the output port of microwave oscillator, bottom crown (2) and top crown (4) stretch out microwave oscillator shell, and with
Antenna connects；D-dot voltage testers probe (6) is assemblied in the tail portion of top crown (2), and close to aerial position, for measuring,
Voltage pulse waveforms between bottom crown, gas nozzle (7) are located on microwave oscillator shell (1).
2. the wide range high power microwave radiation system according to claim 1 based on plate Blumlein transmission lines,
It is characterized in that the characteristic impedance between bottom crown (4) and middle pole plate (3) is Z1, the feature between middle pole plate (3) and top crown (2)
Impedance is Z2, and the characteristic impedance and the impedance of loaded antenna between top crown (2) and bottom crown (4) are equal, and are Z3, tablet
The calculating of transmission line impedance is as follows：
In formula：μ is magnetic conductivity, and ε is dielectric constant, and d is tablet spacing, and D is sheet width；Defining coefficient a and k is respectively：
When coefficient a and k meet following one of two things respectively：
Or
Aerial radiation can be made to go out the microwave of certain centre frequency.
3. the wide range high power microwave radiation system according to claim 1 based on plate Blumlein transmission lines,
It is effective between middle pole plate (3) and top crown (2) to be characterized in that the effective length between bottom crown (4) and middle pole plate (3) is equal to
Length.
4. the wide range high power microwave radiation system according to claim 1 based on plate Blumlein transmission lines,
It is characterized in that the gas nozzle (7) can not have, is substituted for inside microwave oscillator and loads transformer oil.
5. the wide range high power microwave radiation system according to claim 1 based on plate Blumlein transmission lines,
It is characterized in that the microwave oscillator shell (1) uses nylon, organic glass, epoxy resin or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
6. the wide range high power microwave radiation system according to claim 1 based on plate Blumlein transmission lines,
It is characterized in that the single channel discharge electrode structure of spherical ellipse, round rectangle can be used in gas spark switch (5), can also adopt
With circular multi-channel discharge electrode structure.
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107919518B (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2019-05-31 | 西安电子工程研究所 | Gao Zhongying wide range high-power microwave oscillator based on gyromagnet type strip transmission line |
| CN109149133B (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2020-07-03 | 西安电子工程研究所 | Double-channel switch type high-power microwave radiator |
| CN111641014A (en) * | 2020-06-02 | 2020-09-08 | 西安电子工程研究所 | Dual-channel bipolar ultra-wideband microwave generator based on flat transmission line |
| CN114843010B (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2023-12-12 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Laminated winding Blumlein wire based on combined insulation energy storage |
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