CN106299580A - A kind of wide range high power microwave radiation system based on plate Blumlein transmission line - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of wide range high power microwave radiation system based on plate Blumlein transmission line, including pulsed drive source, microwave oscillator and antenna；This device produces nanosecond pulse by pulsed drive source, and utilizes microwave oscillator that nanosecond pulse is modulated to the oscillating impulse of characteristic frequency, by antenna in space generation wide range high power microwave radiation；Microwave oscillator is made up of plate Blumlein transmission line and gas spark switch；The middle pole plate of Blumlein transmission line can be in the enterprising line position regulation of electromagnetic pulse transmission direction；In slideway during gas spark switch is arranged on, between bottom crown, the oscillating impulse of certain frequency can be produced by the relative position of gas spark switch with middle pole plate；Utilize the present invention to construct and can produce the broadband high-power microwave irradiation system concrete structure that mid frequency is hundreds of MHz～a few GHz, and realize the on-line control of mid frequency；Solve small size, the technical barrier of variable ratio frequency changer High-Power Microwave generation.

Description

A kind of wide range high power microwave radiation system based on plate Blumlein transmission line

Technical field

The present invention relates to wide range High-Power Microwave technical field, especially relate to one and transmit based on plate Blumlein The structure of the wide range high power microwave radiation system of line.

Background technology

Ultra-wide spectrum and narrow spectrum radio-frequency pulse are two kinds of typical technology types of High-Power Microwave, the frequency of ultra-wide spectrum radio-frequency pulse Band wide ranges, but power spectral density is low；The frequency band range of narrow spectrum radio-frequency pulse is narrow, but power spectral density is high；In order to have two concurrently The technological merit of person, it is proposed that wide range High-Power Microwave technology；As the portion of most critical in wide range high power microwave radiation system One of part, the performance of high-power microwave oscillator directly influences the radiation characteristic of system, therefore, wideband microwave oscillator technique Become research emphasis and the difficult point in this field.

At present, in wide range high-power microwave oscillator technical field, the main technical scheme used includes: single stage coaxial type Quarter-wave agitator, linear type switch arrays microwave oscillator and dispersive-antenna；Wherein, quarter-wave agitator Generally produce the radio-frequency pulse that mid frequency is hundred MHz, be limited to the electrical length of transmission line, it is difficult to produce the microwave of more than GHz； Linear type switch arrays microwave oscillator generally produces the radio-frequency pulse that mid frequency is GHz, if mid frequency is gradually decrease to During hundred MHz, the length of whole system dramatically increases, and significantly limit the engineer applied of device；For dispersive-antenna technology body System, antenna type is more fixing, and choice is less, and is limited to the bandwidth of antenna, and difficulty is bigger in actual applications.

Utilize electromagnetic pulse at two sections of transmission line (Z₁、Z₂) and load (Z₃) transmitting procedure in catadioptric effect, based on The wide range high-power microwave oscillator of plate Blumlein transmission line can produce wide range High-Power Microwave.Have an advantage in that: phase With under physical length, the radio-frequency pulse of 2 times of coaxial type quarter-wave agitators of mid frequency can be produced；And by changing The position of pole plate in change, the electrical length of two sections of transmission lines of scalable, thus realize the online tune to High-Power Microwave mid frequency Control.

Summary of the invention

Solve the technical problem that

At present, wide range high power microwave radiation system also exists that volume is big, structure is complicated, microwave central frequency range is narrow, And frequency cannot the problem such as on-line control, in consideration of it, the invention provides a kind of width based on plate Blumlein transmission line Spectrum high power microwave radiation system, it is possible to producing power is hundred MW～GW magnitudes, and mid frequency is hundred MHz～GHz, and permissible The mid frequency of on-line control High-Power Microwave.

Technical scheme

For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions.

Wide range high power microwave radiation system based on plate Blumlein transmission line, it is characterised in that pulsed drive Source produces high power potential pulse, and when voltage magnitude meets gas spark switch closure condition, electromagnetic wave starts Two sections of transmission lines of Blumlein are propagated, and utilize transmission line and load impedance mismatch and the catadioptric effect that produces, in antenna feed Porch forms the wide range oscillating impulse of certain frequency, and produces High-Power Microwave eventually through aerial radiation.

Specifically:

A kind of wide range high power microwave radiation system based on plate Blumlein transmission line, including pulsed drive source, Microwave oscillator and antenna, pulsed drive source produces nanosecond pulse, and nanosecond pulse is modulated to characteristic frequency by microwave oscillator Oscillating impulse, by antenna in space generation wide range high power microwave radiation；It is characterized in that described microwave oscillator includes micro- Wave oscillator shell, plate Blumlein transmission line, gas spark switch, D-dot voltage tester probe and valve, plate Blumlein transmission line is positioned at microwave oscillator shell, and including top crown, middle pole plate and bottom crown, wherein, middle pole plate is installed Can regulate at the enterprising line position in Electromagnetic pulse propagation direction at microwave oscillator shell two side bayonet slot, top crown and bottom crown quilt Clamp is fixed on microwave oscillator shell, cannot move relative to position；The center of middle pole plate and bottom crown is respectively provided with one Bar slideway, two electrodes of gas spark switch are separately mounted in the slideway of middle pole plate and bottom crown；At microwave oscillator Input port, the cylindrical inner conductor of pulsed drive source output terminal is connected with middle pole plate, the cylinder of pulsed drive source output terminal Outer conductor is connected with bottom crown；Microwave oscillator shell is all stretched out at the output port of microwave oscillator, bottom crown and top crown, And be connected with antenna；D-dot voltage tester probe is assemblied in the afterbody of top crown, and near aerial position, is used for measuring upper and lower Voltage pulse waveforms between pole plate, valve is located on microwave oscillator shell.

Characteristic impedance between bottom crown and middle pole plate is Z1, and the characteristic impedance between middle pole plate and top crown is Z2, on Characteristic impedance and the impedance of loaded antenna between pole plate with bottom crown are equal, and are Z3, the calculating of plate transfer line impedence As follows:

$Z={\left(\frac{\mathrm{\μ}}{\mathrm{\ϵ}}\right)}^{1/2}\left(\frac{d}{D}\right)$

In formula: μ is pcrmeability, ε is dielectric constant, and d is flat board spacing, and D is sheet width；Definition coefficient a and k is respectively For:

$a=\frac{2(Z_1-Z_2)}{(Z_3+Z_1+Z_2)}$

$k=\frac{(Z_3-Z_1-Z_2)}{(Z_3+Z_1+Z_2)}$

When coefficient a and k meets following one of two things respectively:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}a<0;\\ k=0;\end{array}\right.$

Or

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}a<0;\\ k>0;\end{array}\right.$

Aerial radiation can be made to go out the microwave of certain mid frequency.

Effective length between bottom crown and middle pole plate is equal to the effective length between middle pole plate and top crown.

Described valve can not have, and replaces to microwave oscillator internal filling transformer oil.

Described microwave oscillator shell uses nylon, lucite, epoxy resin or politef.

Gas spark switch can use spherical, oval, the single channel discharge electrode structure of round rectangle, also can use circle Ring-type multi-channel discharge electrode structure.

Beneficial effect

A kind of based on plate Blumlein transmission line the wide range high power microwave radiation system that the present invention proposes, advantage For:

1. microwave oscillator volume based on plate Blumlein transmission line is little, simple in construction, compact, by two transmission Line folds to be arranged, can produce, under same physical length, the wide range high power that mid frequency is quarter-wave agitator 2 times Microwave, the frequency range of radiation High-Power Microwave can be from hundred MHz～GHz.

The middle pole plate of the most plate Blumlein transmission line and gas spark switch all can be independently in Electromagnetic pulse propagation sides Upwards it is adjusted, by the relative position of pole plate in adjusting with gas spark switch, thus it is possible to vary the electricity of two sections of transmission lines is long Degree, and then realize the on-line control to High-Power Microwave mid frequency.

3. first output pulse in pulsed drive source be that two sections of transmission lines of Blumlein charge, between central, bottom crown When voltage reaches the breakdown voltage of gas spark switch, switch discharge, electromagnetic pulse start in, bottom crown and on, middle pole plate Between propagate, the catadioptric effect produced by two sections of transmission lines and antenna impedance mismatch, formed necessarily in antenna feed porch The oscillating impulse of mid frequency；By changing the mismatching of impedance, can adjust further and produce declining of oscillating impulse envelope Deceleration and number cycle of oscillation.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is wide range high power microwave radiation system profile based on plate Blumlein transmission line；

Fig. 2 is the microwave oscillator profile of plate Blumlein transmission line；

Fig. 3 is microwave oscillator input and output waveform；

Fig. 4 is the spectrogram of microwave oscillator output waveform；

Fig. 5 is aerial radiation waveform

Wherein: 1-microwave oscillator shell；2-top crown；Pole plate in 3-；4-bottom crown；5-gas spark switch；6-D- Dot voltage tester is popped one's head in；7-valve；8-O type circle；9-clamp；10-draw-in groove；11-slideway.

Detailed description of the invention

In conjunction with embodiment, accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described:

A kind of wide range high power microwave radiation system based on plate Blumlein transmission line, this device is driven by pulse Dynamic source produces nanosecond pulse, and utilizes microwave oscillator that nanosecond pulse is modulated to the oscillating impulse of characteristic frequency, passes through antenna Wide range high power microwave radiation is produced in space；Microwave oscillator is by plate Blumlein transmission line and gas spark switch structure Become；The middle pole plate of Blumlein transmission line can be in the enterprising line position regulation of electromagnetic pulse transmission direction；Gas spark switch is installed In slideway in, between bottom crown, shaking of certain frequency can be produced by the relative position of gas spark switch with middle pole plate Swing pulse；Utilize the present invention to construct and can produce the broadband high-power microwave spoke that mid frequency is hundreds of MHz～a few GHz Penetrate system concrete structure, and realize the on-line control of mid frequency；Solve small size, the skill of variable ratio frequency changer High-Power Microwave generation An art difficult problem.

See Fig. 1, it is shown that wide range high power microwave radiation system profile based on plate Blumlein transmission line, Fig. 2 shows the microwave oscillator profile of plate Blumlein transmission line.

A kind of wide range high power microwave radiation system based on plate Blumlein transmission line, including pulsed drive source, Microwave oscillator and antenna；Wherein, microwave oscillator is by microwave oscillator shell 1, top crown 2, middle pole plate 3, bottom crown 4, gas Body spark switch 5, D-dot voltage tester probe 6, valve 7, O 8, clamp 9, draw-in groove 10 and slideway 11, top crown 2, middle pole Plate 3 and bottom crown 4 constitute plate Blumlein transmission line；Pulsed drive source be coaxial type output, the inner wire of outfan and Outer conductor is respectively connecting to middle pole plate and the bottom crown of plate Blumlein transmission line, wherein, outer conductor and bottom crown ground connection, Keep zero potential, inner wire output HIGH voltage pulse.

The cylindrical inner conductor of pulsed drive source output terminal is inserted into microwave oscillator enclosure, is realized by O 8 Seal；By using clamp 9, the upper and lower polar plate position of microwave oscillator is fixed；At the output port of microwave oscillator, upper, Bottom crown stretches out microwave oscillator shell, is connected with antenna, carries out encapsulation process by smearing fluid sealant at slit；D-dot Voltage tester probe 6 is assemblied in the afterbody of top crown, and near antenna end, for measuring the voltage waveform between upper and lower pole plate. Valve 7 is located on microwave oscillator shell 1, improves the air pressure in microwave oscillator cavity by valve 7, strengthens flat board with this The dielectric strength of transmission line.

The middle pole plate 3 of microwave oscillator, by means of draw-in groove 10, can move freely on Electromagnetic pulse propagation direction；In, The center of bottom crown is separately installed with slideway 11；

During two electrodes of gas spark switch 5 are separately mounted to, in the slideway 11 of bottom crown；In if, between bottom crown Effective length be l₁, the effective length between upper, middle pole plate is l₂, relative with gas spark switch by pole plate in changing Position, can adjust effective length l₁And l₂, under normal running conditions, condition need to be met:

l₁=l₂ (1)

Top crown and the bottom crown of plate Blumlein transmission line are fixed on microwave oscillator shell, phase para-position by clamp Put and cannot move, by smearing fluid sealant, it is achieved the sealing of microwave oscillator cavity output port；Middle pole plate passes through two side bayonet slots Can regulate at the enterprising line position in Electromagnetic pulse propagation direction, and in transmission line, the center of pole plate and bottom crown is respectively provided with Article one, slideway, two electrodes of gas spark switch are separately mounted in the slideway of middle pole plate and bottom crown；The lower pole of transmission line Characteristic impedance between plate and middle pole plate is Z₁, the characteristic impedance between middle pole plate and top crown is Z₂, top crown and bottom crown it Between characteristic impedance and the impedance of loaded antenna equal, and be Z₃, being calculated as follows of plate transfer line impedence:

$Z={\left(\frac{\mathrm{\&mu;}}{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}\right)}^{1/2}\left(\frac{d}{D}\right)---\left(2\right)$

In formula: μ is pcrmeability, ε is dielectric constant, and d is flat board spacing, and D is sheet width；Definition impedance factor a respectively It is respectively as follows: with k

$a=\frac{2(Z_1-Z_2)}{(Z_3+Z_1+Z_2)}---\left(3\right)$

$k=\frac{(Z_3-Z_1-Z_2)}{(Z_3+Z_1+Z_2)}---\left(4\right)$

When coefficient a and k meets following situations for the moment respectively:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}a<0;\\ k=0;\end{array}\right.---\left(5\right)$

Or

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}a<0;\\ k>0;\end{array}\right.---\left(6\right)$

The High-Power Microwave of certain frequency can be produced.

Gas spark switch is internal fills insulating gas, it is preferable that can be selected for pure and dry N₂、SF₆Or N₂/SF₆ Mixed gas, air pressure range is at 0.1MPa～1MPa.

Preferably, drum electrode can be selected for rustless steel, pyrite, copper-tungsten material, the clearance gap of gas spark switch From arbitrarily regulating between 1～10mm.

Preferably, microwave oscillator internal filling transformer oil, its effect is the same with valve.Microwave oscillator shell Nylon, lucite, epoxy resin, politef material can be used.

Wherein, Fig. 3 gives and is fed into the electromagnetic pulse waveform of microwave oscillator and penetrating after microwave oscillator Frequently electromagnetic pulse, input waveform parameter is: voltage magnitude is 1 (normalized), the Double exponential pulse of pulse front edge about 4ns； Microwave oscillator output waveform parameter is: voltage magnitude 1.4V, pulse front edge about 0.2ns；As can be seen from Fig. 4, oscillating impulse Mid frequency about 1.2GHz；By the later impulse waveform of aerial radiation as shown in Figure 5.

Therefore, the invention have the advantage that

1. the volume of wide range high power microwave radiation system based on plate Blumlein transmission line is little, simple in construction, Compact, it is not necessary to vacuum environment；Relative to common wide range high-power microwave oscillator, have that physical size is little, microwave center frequency Rate adjustable extent width, and frequency can the advantage such as on-line control.

2., by middle pole plate and the position of gas spark switch of regulation microwave oscillator, the electricity of two sections of transmission lines can be changed Length, thus change the mid frequency of radiation microwave；Additionally, by changing two sections of transmission lines and the impedance of antenna, scalable spoke Penetrate number cycle of oscillation of microwave.

Claims (6)

1. a wide range high power microwave radiation system based on plate Blumlein transmission line, including pulsed drive source, micro- Wave oscillator and antenna, pulsed drive source produces nanosecond pulse, and nanosecond pulse is modulated to shaking of characteristic frequency by microwave oscillator Swing pulse, by antenna in space generation wide range high power microwave radiation；It is characterized in that described microwave oscillator includes microwave Agitator shell (1), plate Blumlein transmission line, gas spark switch (5), D-dot voltage tester probe (6) and valve (7), plate Blumlein transmission line is positioned at microwave oscillator shell (1), including top crown (2), middle pole plate (3) and lower pole Plate (4), wherein, middle pole plate (3) is arranged on microwave oscillator shell (1) two side bayonet slot can be enterprising in Electromagnetic pulse propagation direction Line position regulates, and top crown (2) and bottom crown (4) are fixed on microwave oscillator shell (1) by clamp, and relative position cannot be moved Dynamic；The center of middle pole plate (3) and bottom crown (4) is respectively provided with a slideway, and two electrodes of gas spark switch (5) are respectively It is arranged in the slideway of pole plate (3) and bottom crown (4)；At the input port of microwave oscillator, pulsed drive source output terminal Cylindrical inner conductor is connected with middle pole plate (3), and the cylindrical outer of pulsed drive source output terminal is connected with bottom crown (4)；? The output port of microwave oscillator, bottom crown (2) and top crown (4) all stretch out microwave oscillator shell, and are connected with antenna；D- Dot voltage tester probe (6) is assemblied in the afterbody of top crown (2), and near aerial position, is used for measuring between upper and lower pole plate Voltage pulse waveforms, valve (7) is located on microwave oscillator shell (1).

Wide range high power microwave radiation system based on plate Blumlein transmission line the most according to claim 1, its The characteristic impedance being characterised by between bottom crown (4) and middle pole plate (3) is Z1, the feature between middle pole plate (3) and top crown (2) Impedance is Z2, and characteristic impedance and the impedance of loaded antenna between top crown (2) with bottom crown (4) are equal, and are Z3, flat board Being calculated as follows of transmission line impedance:

$Z={\left(\frac{\mathrm{\&mu;}}{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}\right)}^{1/2}\left(\frac{d}{D}\right)$

In formula: μ is pcrmeability, ε is dielectric constant, and d is flat board spacing, and D is sheet width；Definition coefficient a and k is respectively as follows:

$a=\frac{2(Z_1-Z_2)}{(Z_3+Z_1+Z_2)}$

$k=\frac{(Z_3-Z_1-Z_2)}{(Z_3+Z_1+Z_2)}$

When coefficient a and k meets following one of two things respectively:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}a<0;\\ k=0;\end{array}\right.$

Or

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}a<0;\\ k>0;\end{array}\right.$

Aerial radiation can be made to go out the microwave of certain mid frequency.

Wide range high power microwave radiation system based on plate Blumlein transmission line the most according to claim 1, its The effective length being characterised by between bottom crown (4) and middle pole plate (3) is equal to having between middle pole plate (3) and top crown (2) Effect length.

Wide range high power microwave radiation system based on plate Blumlein transmission line the most according to claim 1, its The valve (7) being characterised by described can not have, and replaces to microwave oscillator internal filling transformer oil.

Wide range high power microwave radiation system based on plate Blumlein transmission line the most according to claim 1, its The microwave oscillator shell (1) being characterised by described uses nylon, lucite, epoxy resin or politef.

Wide range high power microwave radiation system based on plate Blumlein transmission line the most according to claim 1, its It is characterised by that gas spark switch (5) can use spherical, oval, the single channel discharge electrode structure of round rectangle, also can adopt With circular multi-channel discharge electrode structure.