CN106296350A - A kind of visual analyzing city public bicycle system borrows the method for also pattern - Google Patents
A kind of visual analyzing city public bicycle system borrows the method for also pattern Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method that visual analyzing city public bicycle system borrows also pattern.Step of the present invention is as follows: 1. collect public bicycles data, and data are carried out pretreatment；2. design geographic view, the location distribution showing website directly perceived based on spatial view, spatial filtering function is provided simultaneously, help analyst interactively to choose website or Website Hosting；3. borrow also time domain temperature view based on time visual angle design single site；Use the visual encoding mode of similar form, show that certain website borrows the change also measured and difference in different time sections；4. borrow based on spatial view design website and go back associated view, show that the website of multi-to-multi borrows also relation；5. design many properties view.The present invention can be effectively improved the traffic administration personnel cognition for public bicycles system operation situation, improves data analysis efficiency, provides aid decision for station field signal, vehicle scheduling.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to areas of information technology, be specifically related to a kind of visual analyzing city public bicycle system by means of going back mould
The method of formula.
Background technology
City public bicycle system provides shared Cycle Hire service, is a kind of novel, green public friendship
Pass-out row mode.Over nearly 10 years, each big city, the world, all establish public bicycles system such as Paris, New York, Barcelona etc.
System.
In a city having public bicycles system, it is a mass of public bicycles website.Each website have many
Individual lock device, is used for parking car amount.User borrows car by IC-card from the website close to departure place, and is returned to vehicle from mesh
The nearer website in ground.Utilizing advanced network technology, the lease information of vehicle can be tracked and be stored in data base, this
A little information contain the digital footprint that user moves in city space, for understanding system operation, additional transport decision-making
Important evidence.
When using this system due to user, can based on different trip requirements every day, arbitrarily choose borrow also path and time
Between, cause vehicle borrow go back track comprise height transmutability.Traffic administration personnel the most do not have the data analysis sum of specialty
According to storehouse operative knowledge, it is impossible in understanding system intuitively vehicle borrow also pattern, be managed and decision-making.Use visual analyzing
Method can excavate the rule contained in public bicycles data acquisition system.Existing visual analysis method uses simple column
The time-space attribute of the display datas such as figure, broken line graph, the visualization table not only not adapted for the inherent characteristics design of data
Show, and lack affecting vehicle by means of the comprehensive analysis going back multiple factors (such as weather conditions, festivals or holidays etc.).
Accordingly, it would be desirable to the visual angle design visualization view of binding time, space and multidimensional property, user is allowed to pass through to be prone to reason
The figure solved represents analytical data rule intuitively, supports to borrow also pattern to enter city public bicycle system with user for driving
Row interactive mode is explored, thus helps transportation work personnel preferably manage system and dispatch buses, and alleviates urban traffic pressure, with
Time can also for citizen cycle trip provide suggestion.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to for dynamic, polynary public bicycles data acquisition system, propose a kind of visual analyzing city
City's public bicycles system borrows the method for also pattern.The present invention designs multiple visualization view demonstrating data collection in time, space
With the feature on multidimensional property, helping administration section to understand the major function that website is runed, in excavating certain time period, vehicle moves
Main flow direction, analyze the many factors impact on borrowing also quantity.
The technical solution used in the present invention comprises the steps: as follows
Step 1: collect public bicycles data, and data are carried out pretreatment.
Step 2: based on spatial view, is designed geographic view, is intuitively shown that by geographic view the geographical position of website is divided
Cloth, provides spatial filtering function simultaneously, helps analyst interactively to choose website or Website Hosting.
Step 3: based on time visual angle, design single site borrows also time domain temperature view.Use the visual encoding of similar form
Mode, shows that certain website borrows the change also measured and difference in different time sections, find the shortage of long-term vehicle website and time
Between section, preferably assist vehicle scheduling.
Step 4: based on spatial view, design website is borrowed and is gone back associated view, shows that the website of multi-to-multi borrows also relation.
Step 5: design many properties view, Main Analysis under multiple factor effects such as different weather situation, date property,
Which kind of there is affect the also quantity of borrowing of vehicle.
Described step 1 includes:
Step 1.1: obtain the bicycle loan data set of nearly 3 months.Wherein bicycle loan data table stores institute
Have user hire a car trip relevant information.Article one, lease record to be expressed as:
Hire_r=[uID, bikeID, cardNo, leaseStat, leaseTime, returnStat, returnTime]
Represent respectively ID, vehicle ID, user's card number, by means of station point, by means of car time, the website and returning the car the time of returning the car.
Site information table stores the information that bicycle website is relevant, and a site record is expressed as follows:
StatInfo_r=[statID, statName, statAddr, lng, lat, serviceTime]
Represent Site ID, site name, site address, longitude and latitude, service time respectively.
Step 1.2: data are carried out pretreatment, deletes and useless leases record.
Useless record of leasing includes 3 classes: the website that (1) returns the car is null value (returnStat=null), and this shows car
May lose.(2) borrowing the car time more than returning the car the time (leaseTime ＞ returnTime), it is wrong that this shows that data record.
(3) borrowing car time and time interval of returning the car less than 3 minutes (returnTime-leaseTime ＜ 3min), this shows that user is not
Have and real borrow car, it is possible to being because vehicle faulty causing cannot ride, thus is given back rapidly by car.
Described step 2 includes:
Step 2.1: use Baidu's map interface, longitude based on website and latitude, represent website with icon on map.
When user clicks on site map timestamp, eject the information that website is relevant.
Step 2.2: the interface that website or Website Hosting select is provided.Support to click on map to choose single or multiple station
Point；Nested domain lock tool is provided, allows analyst draw a border circular areas on map, obtain all websites in region.
Described step 3 includes:
Step 3.1: also calorimetric degree view is borrowed in design.Wherein the quantity of table row is the quantity on date to be analyzed.Form
The quantity of row is 16 row, corresponding to public bicycles open hour of 9 from 6:00 AM to evening.Every a line represents user's choosing
Fixed one day.The color of row label is for distinguishing the different classes of date, and black represents working day, and blueness is weekend, and redness is
Little long holidays.Each cell show simultaneously certain day certain hour by means of car amount and the amount of returning the car, the left side is that the right is for returning the car by means of car amount
Amount.The color of cell is proportional to by means of also measuring.Orange the deepest, represent that numerical value is the biggest.The little of condition is met by acquisition is all
In time by means of car amount and the amount of returning the car, maximizing and minima, then by each value normalization, be mapped on color scale.
Step 3.2: the also sub-view of difference temperature is borrowed in design.Now, in form, each cell represented in one day hour
By means of the difference of car amount He the amount of returning the car, this difference is mapped under red-white-blue color scale.Cell color is the reddest, table
Showing and be far longer than, by means of car amount, the amount of returning the car i.e. have a lot of empty parking space in website, user can may borrow without car.Cell color is the most blue,
Representing that the amount of returning the car is far longer than by means of being fully parked with vehicle in car amount, i.e. website, user possibly cannot return the car.When by means of car amount and the amount of returning the car
Tending to equal, Unit Cell color is white.
Described step 4 includes:
Step 4.1: sub-view is moved towards in design vehicle space, shows website contact on geographical space.When user selects
During one central site, this view, based on the amount of leasing in the appointment time period, calculates top n and associates with central site the closest
Website, simultaneously on map, connect associated stations with camber line.There is a small arrow at the center of every camber line, indicates and borrows also side
To.The thickness of camber line is borrowed with corresponding with transparency/also measures relevant.Line is the thickest, the opaquest, represents that quantity is the biggest.Work as user
When selecting multiple website, it is equally based on to borrow also to measure and draws the association between multiple websites with camber line on map.
Step 4.2: design multi-site flow associates sub-view, uses the visualization of chord figure to encode borrowing also between multiple websites
Quantity.Article one, arc corresponds to a website.The length of arc is proportional to borrowing in this website appointment time period and also measures summation.Article one, string
Encode borrowing between two websites and also measure difference.Assume that a string, from arc A, goes to arc B.The length that this string accounts on arc A
Represent that slave site A borrows car, also arrive the bicycle quantity of website B.Accordingly, the length that this string accounts on arc B represents that slave site B is borrowed
Car also arrives the bicycle quantity of website A.If one string difference in length on the arc of two ends is very big, represents between two websites pair
Very big difference is had to flow.For a particular station, if borrowing car amount very big, and the amount of returning the car is the least, shows a lot of people
From that website.This website whereas if a lot of people return the car, and few people borrow car from this website, show that this is one
Individual destination website.When analyst moves on certain arc with mouse, only relevant to this arc string is shown.
Described step 5 includes:
Step 5.1: generate influence factor's tables of data more than, the date property of every day in storage section given analysis time
And weather conditions.Wherein date property (is_holiday) has three property values: working day, weekend, little long holidays.From the Internet
Capture weather conditions, store in tables of data.Including mean temperature attribute (avgTemp), Weather property (weather) and wind speed
Attribute (wind).Weather property has seven property values: fine day, cloudy, shower, light rain, moderate rain, heavy rain, snow.Wind speed attribute has
Four property values: wind-force is less than 3 grades, wind-force 3-4 level, wind-force 4-5 level, wind-force is more than 5 grades.Analyze above-mentioned attribute to by means of car amount
(bikeNum) impact, also will regard as by means of car amount is an attribute.These attributes can be divided into two classes: numerical attribute
(avgTemp, bikeNum) and category attribute (is_holiday, weather, wind).The property value of category attribute is discrete
, only include some particular value, and the property value of numerical attribute is continuous print.
Step 5.2: design a kind of new parallel coordinates assembly based on line and set, show that there is classification and numerical value simultaneously
The feature of the multivariate data collection of attribute.
Step 5.2.1: based on attribute feature, draws coordinate axes, from left to right corresponds respectively to five attribute: avgTemp,
BikeNum, weather, isHoliday, wind.Draw five coordinate axess being parallel to each other and be perpendicular to horizontal plane.The first two
Axle represents numerical attribute, represents with straight line, and straight line has corresponding coordinate, connects with straight line and represents the pass between coordinate axes
Connection.Rear three axles represent category attribute, represent by a rectangle, and each property value accounts for rectangular a bit of respectively, are referred to as
For jack-post.The color of jack-post is for distinguishing different property values, and the quantity of jack-post is the value number of all properties value.One jack-post
Further according to the ratio of the current property value shared by certain website, continue to be divided into sub-jack-post.Two sub-axles are connected with tetragon
Post.
For two parallel category attribute axles, the width of height and tetragon in order to calculate jack-post.Firstly for
Given website statID, retrieval generates the record comprising the impact multiple factor of the amount of hiring a car, whereindateRepresent the day of some day
Phase:
MultiFac_rec=[statID, date, avgTemp, bikeNum, weather, isHoliday, wind]
{multiFac_rec}statIDRepresent many influence factors set of records ends of statID website.From { multiFac_rec}statID
Middle retrieval obtains quantity f of qualified valid data itemk,i,j, wherein k corresponds to Site ID, and i is that certain on the axle of the left side belongs to
Property value, j is certain property value in right axis.Assume that left side axle represents weather, and right axis represents isHoliday.Work as attribute
Value (i)=" fine day ", property value (j)=" working day ", then fk,i,jRepresent at { multiFac_rec}statIDIn, meet statID=
K, weather=" fine day ", the data item quantity of isHoliday=" working day ".Connect the tetragon width of two sub-jack-posts
By freqk,i,jDetermined,On the axle of the left side, the length of each jack-post becomes with sum_lAxis_freq
Direct ratio, represents the frequency that each property value occurs,It is similar to, in right axis
The length of each jack-post is directly proportional to sum_rAxis_freq,Site name
The legend of word shows up, and bottom is the legend of jack-post color.
When two adjacent axles represent numerical attribute and category attribute respectively, all converge from the lines of numerical attribute
Central point to category attribute jack-post.
Step 5.2.2: owing to directly showing that all of data item seems to be in a mess, multiple in order to enable more clearly to excavate
Association between influence factor, it is provided that with the mode of component interaction, help analyst to cross filter data.When mouse moves to connect two
Time on the lines of numerical attribute, this line is reinforced, and ejects simultaneously and this line is associated the prompting frame of all properties value.Work as analysis
When person selects a tetragon, all relevant connections are the most shown, and incoherent connection is hidden.
Four views in step 2, step 3, step 4, step 5 are to be mutually related.When time and the filtering rod in space
After part change, relevant view can automatically update.If user wishes to excavate the feature of a website, single site borrows also time domain temperature
The vehicle space in associated view moves towards sub-view, many properties view are updated, in the most properties view by means of going back for view, website
Analysis station to count be 1.When user wishes more multiple website, website is borrowed and is gone back two subgraphs in associated view, many attributes
View is updated.
For hinge structure of the present invention, have the advantage that and effect are as follows:
Characteristic and the innovation of the method for the present invention are, propose a kind of new detection public bicycles and dynamically borrow the pattern of going back
Method, by general space, time, multidimensional property visual angle, designs the visable representation adapted for data inherent characteristics, in
The feature hidden in existing data；Propose a kind of new visable representation mode " based on line and the parallel coordinates of set ", simultaneously
Show the feature of multivariate data collection with category attribute and numerical attribute, support analyst interactively excavate different heterogeneous because of
The element impact on the amount of hiring a car.This invention can be effectively improved traffic administration personnel for public bicycles system operation situation
Cognition, improves data analysis efficiency, provides aid decision for station field signal, vehicle scheduling.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of visual analysis method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the procedure chart being analyzed single website " primary school of seeking knowledge ".
Fig. 3 is to analyze the procedure chart of vehicle motion main flow direction in special time period.
Fig. 4 is to analyze the multifactor procedure chart on the amount of leasing impact of multiple websites.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention will be further described with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Such as the flow chart that Fig. 1 is visual analysis method of the present invention.User's first selection analysis time period, then refer to
The single website of setting analysis or Website Hosting.After user selectes a website in geographic view, single site borrows also time domain heat
Degree view, website are borrowed and are gone back the vehicle space in associated view and move towards sub-view and many properties view synchronized update, comprehensive for point
Analyse the feature of this website.After user selectes multiple website, website is borrowed and is gone back two sub-views of associated view and many properties view
By synchronized update, show the association between multiple website and difference.
As Fig. 2 gives the analysis procedure chart of single website " primary school of seeking knowledge ".Fig. 2 (a) is that in one week, website borrows also calorimetric
Spend sub-view.It is found that this website evening peak morning on weekdays has and the biggest borrows the/amount of returning the car, concrete time collection from figure
In 7 o'clock to 8 o'clock morning, 4 o'clock at dusk to 5 o'clock, going to school and classes are over time corresponding to student.Fig. 2 (b) is the corresponding time period
Borrow the also sub-view of difference temperature.There it can be seen that during morning peak, have more wine-colored cell, show a lot of people
Borrow car from here.And during evening peak, have more navy blue cell, show that a lot of people return the car here between the lights.Fig. 2
C vehicle space that () gives centered by this website (five-pointed star icon representation) moves towards sub-view.By clicking on association website
Icon, check concrete site information, find with the close website of this station associate mainly include bus stop, residential block and
Factory.The above analysis is as a result, it is possible to sum up and think that this website is mainly used in travelling frequently, it is proposed that management personnel pay close attention to this website early
In evening peak section, vehicle removing and supplementing.
The procedure chart of vehicle motion main flow direction in special time period is analyzed as Fig. 3 gives.In order to find that citizen are at joint
The main flow direction at scenic spot, the West Lake is browsed, analyst first multiple stations of selected scenic spot, West Lake periphery in geographic view during holiday
Point, and select the April 5 in little long holidays, check that multi-site flow associates sub-view (Fig. 3 (a)).When mouse moves to generation
Time on the arc of table " children's palace " website, the relevant information of car is borrowed to be shown from this website.From the length of arc it can be seen that children's palace
Have maximum borrows quantity of returning the car.Borrowing car from " children's palace ", most of cars have also arrived " moon in Pinghu autumn ", followed by " Qu Yuanfeng
He Bei " and " flower nursery, Hangzhou ", and the length from string two ends finds out, the flow obvious difference between these websites.This shows " few
Year palace " it is a website that sets out the biggest.Then move to mouse represent on the arc of " moon in Pinghu autumn " website, find from this station
Point borrows car, and most of cars are also toward " Su Causeway Nan Kou ".Continue to move to mouse to the arc of " Su Causeway Nan Kou ", find maximum pass of returning the car
Connection website is " long bridge ".Such that it is able to infer the browse path of one main flow in limit, the West Lake: " children's palace " → " moon in Pinghu autumn " →
" Su Causeway Nan Kou " → " long bridge ".Fig. 3 (b) gives this path mark on geographical position, is line southward before the line of north, the West Lake
Direction.
As Fig. 4 gives multiple website the multifactor procedure chart on the amount of leasing impact.First analyst selectes four websites:
" gold autumn mansion ", " moon in Pinghu autumn ", " children's palace ", " primary school of seeking knowledge ".Fig. 4 (a) is the parallel seat based on line with set generated
Mark assembly synoptic chart, therefrom finds, the record that the amount of leasing is the highest is produced at weekend and festivals or holidays by " children's palace " website.
" gold autumn mansion " has the of a relatively high averagely amount of leasing, and is in of a relatively high position from bikeNum axle medium green colo(u)r streak permissible
Learn." primary school of seeking knowledge " relatively small by means of car amount.When mouse moves on a line, association attributes value can be checked.
Fig. 4 (b) give the moon in Pinghu autumn website, check that weather is " cloudy ", isHoliday is interaction results time " weekend ", from
Middle discovery, user borrows car travel amount bigger in weather condition preferable weekend.
Claims (7)
1. the method that a visual analyzing city public bicycle system borrows also pattern, it is characterised in that design multiple visualization
View demonstrating data collection feature on time, space and multidimensional property, thus the main flow that in excavating certain time period, vehicle moves
Direction, analyzes the many factors impact on borrowing also quantity, specifically comprises the following steps that
Step 1: collect public bicycles data, and data are carried out pretreatment；
Step 2: based on spatial view, is designed geographic view, is intuitively shown the location distribution of website by geographic view, with
Time provide spatial filtering function, help analyst interactively choose website or Website Hosting；
Step 3: based on time visual angle, design single site borrows also time domain temperature view；Use the visual encoding mode of similar form,
Show that certain website borrows the change also measured and difference in different time sections, find website and the time period of the shortage of long-term vehicle,
Preferably assist vehicle scheduling；
Step 4: based on spatial view, design website is borrowed and is gone back associated view, shows that the website of multi-to-multi borrows also relation；
Step 5: design many properties view, Main Analysis is under multiple factor effects such as different weather situation, date property, to car
Also quantity of borrowing which kind of has affect.
A kind of visual analyzing city public bicycle system the most according to claim 1 borrows the method for also pattern, and it is special
Levy and be that described step 1 step is as follows:
Step 1.1: obtain the bicycle loan data set of nearly 3 months；Wherein bicycle loan data table store institute useful
Family hire a car trip relevant information；Article one, lease record to be expressed as:
Hire_r=[uID, bikeID, cardNo, leaseStat, leaseTime, returnStat, returnTime]
Represent respectively ID, vehicle ID, user's card number, by means of station point, by means of car time, the website and returning the car the time of returning the car；
Site information table stores the information that bicycle website is relevant, and a site record is expressed as follows:
StatInfo_r=[statID, statName, statAddr, lng, lat, serviceTime]
Represent Site ID, site name, site address, longitude and latitude, service time respectively；
Step 1.2: data are carried out pretreatment, deletes and useless leases record；
Useless record of leasing includes 3 classes: the website that (1) returns the car is null value (returnStat=null), and this shows that vehicle can
Can lose；(2) borrowing the car time more than returning the car the time (leaseTime ＞ returnTime), it is wrong that this shows that data record；(3)
Being less than 3 minutes (returnTime-leaseTime ＜ 3min) by means of car time and time interval of returning the car, this shows that user is not
Real borrow car, it is possible to being because vehicle faulty causing cannot ride, thus is given back rapidly by car.
A kind of visual analyzing city public bicycle system the most according to claim 2 borrows the method for also pattern, and it is special
Levy and be that described step 2 includes:
Step 2.1: use Baidu's map interface, longitude based on website and latitude, represent website with icon on map；When with
Site map timestamp is clicked at family, ejects the information that website is relevant；
Step 2.2: the interface that website or Website Hosting select is provided；Support to click on map to choose single or multiple website；
Nested domain lock tool is provided, allows analyst draw a border circular areas on map, obtain all websites in region.
A kind of visual analyzing city public bicycle system the most according to claim 3 borrows the method for also pattern, and it is special
Levy and be that described step 3 includes:
Step 3.1: also calorimetric degree view is borrowed in design；Wherein the quantity of table row is the quantity on date to be analyzed；Grid column
Quantity is 16 row, corresponding to public bicycles open hour of 9 from 6:00 AM to evening；Every a line represents what user selected
One day；The color of row label is for distinguishing the different classes of date, and black represents working day, and blueness is weekend, and redness is little length
False；Each cell show simultaneously certain day certain hour by means of car amount and the amount of returning the car, the left side is by means of car amount, and the right is the amount of returning the car；Single
The color of unit's lattice is proportional to by means of also measuring；Orange the deepest, represent that numerical value is the biggest；By obtain all meet condition hour in
By means of car amount and the amount of returning the car, maximizing and minima, then by each value normalization, it is mapped on color scale；
Step 3.2: the also sub-view of difference temperature is borrowed in design；Now, in form, each cell represents in one day hour by means of car
Amount and the difference of the amount of returning the car, this difference is mapped under red-white-blue color scale；Cell color is the reddest, and expression is borrowed
Car amount is far longer than the amount of returning the car, and i.e. has a lot of empty parking space in website, and user can may borrow without car；Cell color is the most blue, represents
The amount of returning the car is far longer than by means of being fully parked with vehicle in car amount, i.e. website, and user possibly cannot return the car；When tending to by means of car amount and the amount of returning the car
Equal, Unit Cell color is white.
A kind of visual analyzing city public bicycle system the most according to claim 4 borrows the method for also pattern, and it is special
Levy and be that described step 4 includes:
Step 4.1: sub-view is moved towards in design vehicle space, shows website contact on geographical space；When user selects one
During central site, this view, based on the amount of leasing in the appointment time period, calculates top n and associates the closest station with central site
Point, connects associated stations with camber line on map simultaneously；There is a small arrow at the center of every camber line, indicates and borrows also direction；Arc
The thickness of line is borrowed with corresponding with transparency/also measures relevant；Line is the thickest, the opaquest, represents that quantity is the biggest；When user selects many
During individual website, it is equally based on to borrow also to measure and draws the association between multiple websites with camber line on map；
Step 4.2: design multi-site flow associates sub-view, and borrowing between the employing chord figure visualization multiple websites of coding is several
Amount；Article one, arc corresponds to a website；The length of arc is proportional to borrowing in this website appointment time period and also measures summation；Article one, string is compiled
Borrowing between two websites of code also measures difference；If one string difference in length on the arc of two ends is very big, represent between two websites
Bidirectional traffics have very big difference；For a particular station, if borrowing car amount very big, and the amount of returning the car is the least, shows very
Many people are from that website；This website whereas if a lot of people return the car, and few people borrow car from this website, show this
It it is destination's website；When analyst moves on certain arc with mouse, only relevant to this arc string is shown.
A kind of visual analyzing city public bicycle system the most according to claim 5 borrows the method for also pattern, and it is special
Levy and be that described step 5 includes:
Step 5.1: generate influence factor's tables of data more than, the date property of every day and sky in storage section given analysis time
Vaporous condition；Wherein date property (is_holiday) has three property values: working day, weekend, little long holidays；Capture from the Internet
Weather conditions, store in tables of data；Including mean temperature attribute (avgTemp), Weather property (weather) and wind speed attribute
(wind)；Weather property has seven property values: fine day, cloudy, shower, light rain, moderate rain, heavy rain, snow；Wind speed attribute has four
Property value: wind-force is less than 3 grades, wind-force 3-4 level, wind-force 4-5 level, wind-force is more than 5 grades；Analyze above-mentioned attribute to by means of car amount
(bikeNum) impact, also will regard as by means of car amount is an attribute；These attributes can be divided into two classes: numerical attribute
(avgTemp, bikeNum) and category attribute (is_holiday, weather, wind)；The property value of category attribute is discrete
, only include some particular value, and the property value of numerical attribute is continuous print；
Step 5.2: design a kind of new parallel coordinates assembly based on line and set, show that there is classification and numerical attribute simultaneously
The feature of multivariate data collection.
A kind of visual analyzing city public bicycle system the most according to claim 6 borrows the method for also pattern, and it is special
Levy a kind of new parallel coordinates assembly based on line and set of design being described in step 5.2, show simultaneously have classification and
The feature of the multivariate data collection of numerical attribute, specific as follows:
Step 5.2.1: based on attribute feature, draws coordinate axes, from left to right corresponds respectively to five attribute: avgTemp,
BikeNum, weather, isHoliday, wind；Draw five coordinate axess being parallel to each other and be perpendicular to horizontal plane；The first two
Axle represents numerical attribute, represents with straight line, and straight line has corresponding coordinate, connects with straight line and represents the pass between coordinate axes
Connection；Rear three axles represent category attribute, represent by a rectangle, and each property value accounts for rectangular a bit of respectively, are referred to as
For jack-post；The color of jack-post is for distinguishing different property values, and the quantity of jack-post is the value number of all properties value；One jack-post
Further according to the ratio of the current property value shared by certain website, continue to be divided into sub-jack-post；Two sub-axles are connected with tetragon
Post；
For two parallel category attribute axles, the width of height and tetragon in order to calculate jack-post；Firstly for given
WebsitestatID, retrieval generates the record comprising the impact multiple factor of the amount of hiring a car, and wherein date represents the date of some day:
MultiFac_rec=[statID, date, avgTemp, bikeNum, weather, isHoliday, wind]
{multiFac_rec}statIDRepresent many influence factors set of records ends of statID website；From { multiFac_rec}statIDIn
Retrieval obtains quantity f of qualified valid data itemk,i,j, wherein k corresponds to Site ID, and i is certain attribute on the axle of the left side
Value, j is certain property value in right axis；Assume that left side axle represents weather, and right axis represents isHoliday；Work as property value
(i)=" fine day ", property value (j)=" working day ", then fk,i,jRepresent at { multiFac_rec}statIDIn, meet statID=
K, weather=" fine day ", the data item quantity of isHoliday=" working day "；Connect the tetragon width of two sub-jack-posts
By freqk,i,jDetermined,On the axle of the left side, the length of each jack-post becomes with sum_lAxis_freq
Direct ratio, represents the frequency that each property value occurs,It is similar to, in right axis
The length of each jack-post is directly proportional to sum_rAxis_freq,Site name
The legend of word shows up, and bottom is the legend of jack-post color；
When two adjacent axles represent numerical attribute and category attribute respectively, all converge to class from the lines of numerical attribute
The central point of other attribute jack-post；
Step 5.2.2: owing to directly showing that all of data item seems to be in a mess, in order to enable more clearly to excavate multiple impact
Association between factor, it is provided that with the mode of component interaction, help analyst to cross filter data；When mouse moves to connect two numerical value
Time on the lines of attribute, this line is reinforced, and ejects simultaneously and this line is associated the prompting frame of all properties value；When analyst selects
When selecting a tetragon, all relevant connections are the most shown, and incoherent connection is hidden.
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