CN106295751A - Substation equipment maintenance and repair operation location and safe early warning method - Google Patents
Substation equipment maintenance and repair operation location and safe early warning method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及变电检修作业定位及安全预警方法，包括在变电站的不同带电设备上均布置射频标签；检修作业人员通过随身携带的识别器读取所述射频标签的信息和数据；根据所述信息和数据实时分析并判断所述检修作业人员在所述变电站的位置，若其位置不在安全区域的范围内，则发出预警信息。本发明可以避免检修作业人员误入带电间隔及误登带电设备，从而确保安全，提高了作业的安全性。
The invention relates to a method for substation maintenance operation positioning and safety warning, including arranging radio frequency tags on different charged equipment in a substation; maintenance operators read the information and data of the radio frequency tags through identifiers they carry with them; according to the information Analyze and judge the position of the maintenance operator in the substation in real time and the data, and if the position is not within the range of the safe area, an early warning message will be issued. The invention can prevent maintenance operators from mistakenly entering the electrified interval and mistakenly boarding electrified equipment, thereby ensuring safety and improving the safety of operation.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及变电检修的技术领域，尤其是指变电检修作业定位及安全预警方法。The invention relates to the technical field of substation overhaul, in particular to a method for positioning and safety warning of substation overhaul.
背景技术Background technique
变电设备种类多、结构不固定，与线路相比检修作业环境更复杂，检修作业过程中作业人员容易出现因疏忽或其他方面原因误入带电间隔或误碰带电设备引发安全事故，因此在检修过程中应采取一定的安全措施。目前通过在检修区域设置警示装置（声、光警示装置）、警示牌、或围栏对检修人员进行警示，并不能完全杜绝检修人员误入带电间隔及误登带电设备的情况。因此加强变电站设备区的设备管理，实现检修人员只进入相应的检修间隔，不误入带电运行间隔就显得十分重要。There are many types of substation equipment and the structure is not fixed. Compared with the circuit, the maintenance operation environment is more complicated. During the maintenance operation, the operators are prone to accidents due to negligence or other reasons. Certain safety measures should be taken during the process. At present, by setting up warning devices (sound and light warning devices), warning signs, or fences in the maintenance area to warn maintenance personnel, it is not possible to completely prevent maintenance personnel from accidentally entering live compartments and mistakenly boarding live equipment. Therefore, it is very important to strengthen the equipment management in the equipment area of the substation, so that the maintenance personnel only enter the corresponding maintenance interval and do not enter the live operation interval by mistake.
由于变电站结构复杂，检修作业过程应控制作业人员与带电设备距离及带电作业过程中组合间隙。目前常见的方法是给工作人员配置GPS定位设备，但是采用上述方法获得的定位结果受环境影响因素大，误差一般2m左右，且无法定位与设备之间的方位关系，因此不具备实用价值。另外，还出现了利用超声波计算通过发射超声波并接收由被测目标反射产生的回波，根据回波与发射波的时间差计算出目标距离的方法，这种方法的定位误差达9cm，但是硬件设备要求高，并且不便于携带。因此目前并无有效的方法及设备以供使用。Due to the complex structure of the substation, the distance between the operator and the live equipment and the combination gap during the live work process should be controlled during the maintenance operation. The current common method is to configure GPS positioning equipment for the staff, but the positioning results obtained by the above method are greatly affected by environmental factors, the error is generally about 2m, and the orientation relationship with the equipment cannot be located, so it has no practical value. In addition, there has also been a method of using ultrasonic calculations to calculate the target distance by transmitting ultrasonic waves and receiving echoes reflected by the measured target, and calculating the target distance according to the time difference between the echo and the transmitted wave. The positioning error of this method is up to 9cm, but the hardware equipment High requirements, and not easy to carry. Therefore there is no effective method and equipment for use at present.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为此，本发明所要解决的技术问题在于克服现有技术中仍旧存在检修作业人员误入带电间隔及误登带电设备的问题从而提供一种可以有效确保检修作业人员安全的变电检修作业定位及安全预警方法。For this reason, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the existing problems in the prior art that maintenance operators enter the electrified interval by mistake and board live equipment by mistake, so as to provide a substation maintenance operation positioning and maintenance tool that can effectively ensure the safety of the maintenance operators. security warning method.
为解决上述技术问题，本发明的一种变电检修作业定位及安全预警方法，其步骤如下：步骤S1：在变电站的不同带电设备上均布置射频标签；步骤S2：检修作业人员通过随身携带的识别器读取所述射频标签的信息和数据；步骤S3：根据所述信息和数据实时分析并判断所述检修作业人员在所述变电站的位置，若其位置不在安全区域的范围内，则发出预警信息。In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, a substation inspection and maintenance operation positioning and safety warning method of the present invention has the following steps: Step S1: arrange radio frequency tags on different live equipment in the substation; The identifier reads the information and data of the radio frequency tag; step S3: analyze and judge the position of the maintenance operator in the substation in real time according to the information and data, and if the position is not within the scope of the safe area, send Early warning information.
在本发明的一个实施例中，所述步骤S1中，所述变电站的不同带电设备包括检修作业的设备、安全围栏、接地设备、穿墙套管、管母导线以及平波电抗。In one embodiment of the present invention, in the step S1, the different live equipment of the substation includes maintenance equipment, safety fences, grounding equipment, wall bushings, pipe bus conductors and smoothing reactors.
在本发明的一个实施例中，所述射频标签以360度为原则覆盖在所述变电站的不同带电设备上。In an embodiment of the present invention, the radio frequency tags are covered on different live devices of the substation on a 360-degree basis.
在本发明的一个实施例中，所述射频标签内记录有设备的种类及同种设备上的标签编号。In one embodiment of the present invention, the type of device and the tag number on the same type of device are recorded in the radio frequency tag.
在本发明的一个实施例中，所述步骤S3中，实时分析并判断所述检修作业人员在所述变电站的位置包括若检修作业人员在地电位检修作业过程中，则根据所述识别器读取的信息和数据，判断所述地电位作业人员与所述带电设备的距离。In one embodiment of the present invention, in the step S3, analyzing and judging the location of the maintenance operator in the substation in real time includes: The obtained information and data are used to determine the distance between the ground potential operator and the charged equipment.
在本发明的一个实施例中，所述地电位作业人员与所述带电设备的距离采用基于测距和测角的方法对所述射频标签进行定位，若所述识别器与所述射频标签的距离为R，所述识别器与所述射频标签的连线与水平线夹角为θ，根据距离R和夹角θ计算所述地电位作业人员与所述带电设备的坐标关系，若所述地电位作业人员与所述带电设备接近安全距离，则发出预警信息。In one embodiment of the present invention, the distance between the ground potential operator and the charged equipment is located by the method based on ranging and angle measurement, if the distance between the identifier and the radio frequency tag The distance is R, the angle between the connection line between the identifier and the radio frequency tag and the horizontal line is θ, and the coordinate relationship between the ground potential operator and the charged equipment is calculated according to the distance R and the angle θ, if the ground An early warning message will be issued when the electric potential operator approaches a safe distance from the charged equipment.
在本发明的一个实施例中，所述安全距离是以行业规定为参考。In an embodiment of the present invention, the safety distance is based on industry regulations.
在本发明的一个实施例中，所述步骤S3中，实时分析并判断所述检修作业人员在所述变电站的位置包括若检修作业人员在等电位作业过程中，则根据所述识别器读取的信息和数据，判断所述识别器与所述接地体及带电体之间的组合间隙，若所述组合间隙不在安全范围内，则发出预警信息。In one embodiment of the present invention, in the step S3, analyzing and judging the location of the maintenance operator in the substation in real time includes: information and data to determine the combination gap between the identifier, the grounding body and the charged body, and if the combination gap is not within a safe range, an early warning message will be issued.
在本发明的一个实施例中，所述组合间隙是指所述识别器与所述接地体之间的距离与所述识别器与所述带电体之间距离的和。In one embodiment of the present invention, the combined gap refers to the sum of the distance between the identifier and the grounding body and the distance between the identifier and the charged body.
在本发明的一个实施例中，所述步骤S3中，所述预警信息通过所述识别器的发声或者发光到达警告指示的目的。In one embodiment of the present invention, in the step S3, the early warning information reaches the purpose of warning indication through sounding or lighting of the identifier.
本发明的上述技术方案相比现有技术具有以下优点：The above technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:
本发明所述变电检修作业定位及安全预警方法，在变电站的不同带电设备上均布置射频标签，检修作业人员通过随身携带的识别器可以实时读取所述射频标签的信息和数据，根据所述信息和数据实时分析并判断所述检修作业人员在所述变电站的位置，若其位置不在安全区域的范围内，则发出预警信息，提示进入危险区域，避免误入带电间隔及误登带电设备，从而确保检修作业人员的安全，提高了作业的安全性。According to the substation inspection and maintenance operation positioning and safety early warning method of the present invention, radio frequency tags are arranged on different live equipment in the substation, and the maintenance operators can read the information and data of the radio frequency tags in real time through the identifier carried by them. Analyze the above information and data in real time and judge the position of the maintenance operator in the substation. If the position is not within the range of the safe area, an early warning message will be issued to remind you to enter the dangerous area, so as to avoid entering the electrified interval and mis-logging on the electrified equipment , so as to ensure the safety of maintenance operators and improve the safety of operations.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了使本发明的内容更容易被清楚的理解，下面根据本发明的具体实施例并结合附图，对本发明作进一步详细的说明，其中In order to make the content of the present invention more easily understood, the present invention will be described in further detail below according to specific embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein
图1是本发明所述变电检修作业定位及安全预警方法的流程图；Fig. 1 is the flow chart of substation overhaul operation positioning and safety early warning method described in the present invention;
图2是本发明以阀厅出线周围为例在所述变电站的带电设备上布置射频标签的示意图；Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the present invention arranging radio frequency tags on the live equipment of the substation taking the surroundings of the valve hall as an example;
图3是本发明以绝缘软梯开展管母带电作业上布置射频标签的示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of arranging radio frequency tags on the live work of the pipe master with an insulating ladder in the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
请参考图1所示，本实施例提供一种变电检修作业定位及安全预警方法，其步骤如下：步骤S1：在变电站的不同带电设备上均布置射频标签；步骤S2：检修作业人员通过随身携带的识别器读取所述射频标签的信息和数据；步骤S3：根据所述信息和数据实时分析并判断所述检修作业人员在所述变电站的位置，若其位置不在安全区域的范围内，则发出预警信息。Please refer to Figure 1. This embodiment provides a method for substation inspection and maintenance operation positioning and safety warning. The steps are as follows: Step S1: Arrange radio frequency tags on different live equipment in the substation; The carrying identifier reads the information and data of the radio frequency tag; step S3: analyze and judge the position of the maintenance operator in the substation in real time according to the information and data, if the position is not within the scope of the safe area, A warning message will be issued.
上述是本发明所述的核心技术领域，本发明所述变电检修作业定位及安全预警方法，所述步骤S1中，在变电站的不同带电设备上均布置射频标签，通过所述射频标签记录所述变电站上不同带电设备的各种信息和数据；所述步骤S2中，检修作业人员通过随身携带的识别器读取所述射频标签的信息和数据，检修作业人员通过随身携带的识别器可以实时读取所述射频标签的信息和数据，其中通过所述信息可以判断是何种设备，通过所述数据可以计算所述识别器和所述射频标签的距离，从而有利于判断是否进入危险区域；所述步骤S3中，根据所述信息和数据实时分析并判断所述检修作业人员在所述变电站的位置，若其位置不在安全区域的范围内，则发出预警信息，提示进入危险区域，避免误入带电间隔及误登带电设备，从而确保检修作业人员的安全，提高了作业的安全性；若其位置在安全区域，则检修作业人员可以随意走动。The above is the core technical field of the present invention. In the substation maintenance operation positioning and safety early warning method of the present invention, in the step S1, radio frequency tags are arranged on different live equipment in the substation, and the radio frequency tags are used to record all Various information and data of different charged equipment on the substation; In the step S2, the maintenance operator reads the information and data of the radio frequency tag through the identifier carried with him, and the maintenance operator can use the identifier carried by him in real time. Read the information and data of the radio frequency tag, wherein the information can be used to determine what kind of device it is, and the data can be used to calculate the distance between the identifier and the radio frequency tag, which is conducive to judging whether to enter a dangerous area; In the step S3, analyze and judge the position of the maintenance operator in the substation in real time according to the information and data, and if the position is not within the range of the safe area, an early warning message will be issued to prompt entering the dangerous area to avoid mistakes. In order to ensure the safety of the maintenance workers and improve the safety of the operation; if it is located in a safe area, the maintenance workers can walk around at will.
所述步骤S1中，所述变电站的不同带电设备包括检修作业的设备、安全围栏、接地设备、穿墙套管、管母导线以及平波电抗。为了使检修作业人员无论从哪个方向靠近设备时均能被所述识别器检测到相关信息和数据，所述射频标签以360度为原则覆盖在所述变电站的不同带电设备上，且所述射频标签内记录有设备的种类及同种设备上的标签编号，从而有利于通过所述射频标签内的信息识别不同的设备以及确认设备与所述识别器之间的距离。In the step S1, the different electrified equipment of the substation includes maintenance equipment, safety fences, grounding equipment, wall bushings, pipe bus conductors and smoothing reactors. In order to make the relevant information and data detected by the identifier no matter which direction the maintenance workers approach the equipment, the radio frequency tags are covered on different live equipment of the substation on a 360-degree basis, and the radio frequency The type of device and the tag number on the same type of device are recorded in the tag, which is beneficial to identify different devices and confirm the distance between the device and the identifier through the information in the radio frequency tag.
所述步骤S3中，根据所述步骤S2中识别器读取的相关射频标签的信息和数据可以实时分析并判断所述检修作业人员在所述变电站的位置，其中通过计算所述识别器与所述射频标签之间的距离就可以判断所述检修作业人员在所述变电站的位置，下面以阀厅10出线周围为例且检修作业人员在地电位检修作业过程中具体说明在所述变电站的不同带电设备上如何计算所述识别器与所述射频标签之间的距离：In the step S3, according to the information and data of the relevant radio frequency tags read by the identifier in the step S2, the position of the maintenance operator in the substation can be analyzed and judged in real time, wherein by calculating the relationship between the identifier and the The distance between the radio frequency tags can be used to judge the position of the maintenance operator in the substation. The following takes the outlet around the valve hall 10 as an example and the maintenance operator specifically explains the difference in the substation during the ground potential maintenance operation. How to calculate the distance between the identifier and the radio frequency tag on the charged device:
如图2所示，在所述穿墙套管11上布置穿墙套管标签12，在所述第一管母导线13上布置管母导线标签14，以及在所述平波电抗15上布置平波电抗标签16，当检修作业人员临近时，所述识别器读出标签信息并计算出与所述穿墙套管11、管母导线14、平波电抗15之间的距离及位置。具体地，判断所述识别器与所述射频标签之间的距离信息采用混合定位算法，其基于测距和测角两种方法来对所述射频标签进行定位，若所述识别器与所述射频标签的距离为R，所述识别器与所述射频标签的连线与水平线夹角为θ，根据距离R和夹角θ计算所述地电位作业人员与所述带电设备的坐标关系，其中以所述识别器的位置为原点，竖直方向为纵坐标，由几何关系可得：tan(θ)=(x0-x1)/(y0-y1)，且(x0-x1)2+(y0-y1)2=R2，通过解方程组就可以得到标签的具体位置坐标(x0-x1)，依此计算出所述检修工作人员与所述穿墙套管11、所述第一管母导线13以及所述平波电抗15直接的坐标关系。若所述地电位作业人员与所述带电设备接近安全距离，则发出预警信息，从而避免误入带电间隔，确保检修作业人员的安全，提高了作业的安全性。其中所述安全距离是以行业规定为参考，如所述带电设备为10kV时，所述检修工作人员与所述带电设备的安全距离为0.4m，以所述带电设备标签为圆心，以0.4m为半径作圆，以圆范围内的区域作为判断临近危险区域阈值，若检修工作人员与所述带电设备接近0.4m时发出预警信息，从而确保检修作业人员的安全，提高了作业的安全性。As shown in Figure 2, the wall bushing label 12 is arranged on the wall bushing 11, the pipe bus conductor label 14 is arranged on the first pipe bus conductor 13, and the smoothing reactance 15 is arranged The smoothing reactance label 16, when the maintenance operator is approaching, the identifier reads the label information and calculates the distance and position from the wall bushing 11, the pipe bus conductor 14, and the smoothing reactance 15. Specifically, judging the distance information between the identifier and the radio frequency tag adopts a hybrid positioning algorithm, which locates the radio frequency tag based on two methods of distance measurement and angle measurement. The distance of the radio frequency tag is R, the angle between the connection line between the identifier and the radio frequency tag and the horizontal line is θ, and the coordinate relationship between the ground potential operator and the charged equipment is calculated according to the distance R and the angle θ, wherein Taking the position of the recognizer as the origin and the vertical direction as the ordinate, it can be obtained from the geometric relationship: tan(θ)=(x 0 -x 1 )/(y 0 -y 1 ), and (x 0 -x 1 ) 2 +(y0-y1)2=R2, the specific position coordinates (x 0 -x 1 ) of the label can be obtained by solving the equation group, and the relationship between the maintenance staff and the wall bushing 11 can be calculated accordingly. , the direct coordinate relationship between the first tube bus conductor 13 and the smoothing reactance 15 . If the ground potential operator is close to the safe distance from the live equipment, an early warning message will be issued, thereby avoiding entering the live interval by mistake, ensuring the safety of maintenance workers and improving the safety of the operation. Wherein, the safety distance is based on industry regulations. For example, when the live equipment is 10kV, the safety distance between the maintenance staff and the live equipment is 0.4m, with the live equipment label as the center, and 0.4m Make a circle with the radius, and use the area within the circle as the threshold for judging the approaching dangerous area. If the maintenance personnel and the live equipment are close to 0.4m, an early warning message will be issued, thereby ensuring the safety of the maintenance personnel and improving the safety of the operation.
下面再详细论述检修作业人员在等电位检修作业过程中如何计算所述识别器与所述射频标签之间的距离：How the maintenance operator calculates the distance between the identifier and the radio frequency tag during the equipotential maintenance operation is discussed in detail below:
在等电位作业过程中，以绝缘软梯开展管母带电作业为例，根据所述识别器读取的信息和数据，判断所述识别器与所述接地体及带电体之间的组合间隙，若所述组合间隙不在安全范围内，则发出预警信息。具体地，如图3所示，所述第二管母导线31上设有第二管母导线标签32，所述接地体33上设有接地体标签34，检修作业人员35携带的识别器测得检修作业人员35与第二管母导线31的第一距离d1及检修作业人员35与所述接地体33的第二距离d2，随着检修作业人员35的位置变化两个距离值实时变化，其中所述第一距离d1与第二距离d2的和为组合间隙，也就是说，所述组合间隙是指所述识别器与所述接地体之间的距离与所述识别器与所述带电体之间距离的和。当所述第一距离d1与第二距离d2的和达到行业规定值时，所述识别器会发出预警信息，避免误登带电设备，从而确保检修作业人员的安全，提高了作业的安全性。In the process of equipotential operation, take the insulation ladder to carry out the pipe parent live work as an example, according to the information and data read by the identifier, judge the combination gap between the identifier, the grounding body and the charged body, if If the combination gap is not within the safe range, an early warning message is issued. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3 , the second pipe bus conductor 31 is provided with a second pipe bus conductor label 32 , and the grounding body 33 is provided with a grounding body label 34 . The first distance d1 between the maintenance operator 35 and the second pipe bus conductor 31 and the second distance d2 between the maintenance operator 35 and the grounding body 33 are obtained, and the two distance values change in real time as the position of the maintenance operator 35 changes, The sum of the first distance d1 and the second distance d2 is the combined gap, that is to say, the combined gap refers to the distance between the identifier and the grounding body and the distance between the identifier and the charged The sum of the distances between bodies. When the sum of the first distance d1 and the second distance d2 reaches the specified value in the industry, the identifier will send out an early warning message to avoid mistaken registration of live equipment, thereby ensuring the safety of maintenance workers and improving the safety of operations.
本实施例中，所述预警信息通过所述识别器的发声或者发光到达警告指示的目的，从而检修作业人员可以很直观的判断是否处于危险区域，确保检修作业人员的安全，提高了作业的安全性。In this embodiment, the early warning information achieves the purpose of warning indication through the sound or light of the identifier, so that maintenance operators can intuitively judge whether they are in a dangerous area, ensure the safety of maintenance operators, and improve the safety of operations sex.
综上，本发明所述技术方案具有以下优点：In summary, the technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages:
1.本发明所述变电检修作业定位及安全预警方法，所述步骤S1中，在变电站的不同带电设备上均布置射频标签，通过所述射频标签记录所述变电站上不同带电设备的各种信息和数据；所述步骤S2中，检修作业人员通过随身携带的识别器读取所述射频标签的信息和数据，检修作业人员通过随身携带的识别器可以实时读取所述射频标签的信息和数据，其中通过所述信息可以判断是何种设备，通过所述数据可以计算所述识别器和所述射频标签的距离，从而有利于判断是否进入危险区域；所述步骤S3中，根据所述信息和数据实时分析并判断所述检修作业人员在所述变电站的位置，若其位置不在安全区域的范围内，则发出预警信息，提示进入危险区域，避免误入带电间隔及误登带电设备，从而确保检修作业人员的安全，提高了作业的安全性；若其位置在安全区域，则检修作业人员可以随意走动。1. The substation inspection and maintenance operation positioning and safety early warning method of the present invention, in the step S1, radio frequency tags are arranged on different live equipment in the substation, and various types of different live equipment on the substation are recorded by the radio frequency tags. information and data; in the step S2, the maintenance operator reads the information and data of the radio frequency tag through the portable identifier, and the maintenance operator can read the information and data of the radio frequency tag in real time through the portable identifier data, wherein the information can be used to determine what kind of equipment, and the data can be used to calculate the distance between the identifier and the radio frequency tag, which is conducive to judging whether to enter a dangerous area; in the step S3, according to the The information and data are analyzed in real time and the position of the maintenance operator in the substation is judged. If the position is not within the range of the safe area, an early warning message will be issued to remind him to enter the dangerous area, so as to avoid mistakenly entering the live interval and mistakenly boarding the live equipment. Thereby, the safety of maintenance operators is ensured, and the safety of operation is improved; if the location is in a safe area, maintenance operators can walk around at will.
2.本发明所述变电检修作业定位及安全预警方法，所述变电站的不同带电设备包括检修作业的设备、安全围栏、接地设备、穿墙套管、管母导线以及平波电抗。为了使检修作业人员无论从哪个方向靠近设备时均能被所述识别器检测到相关信息和数据，所述射频标签以360度为原则覆盖在所述变电站的不同带电设备上，且所述射频标签内记录有设备的种类及同种设备上的标签编号，从而有利于通过所述射频标签内的信息识别不同的设备以及确认设备与所述识别器之间的距离。2. According to the substation inspection and maintenance operation positioning and safety early warning method of the present invention, the different live equipment of the substation includes maintenance operation equipment, safety fences, grounding equipment, wall bushings, pipe bus conductors and smoothing reactance. In order to make the relevant information and data detected by the identifier no matter which direction the maintenance workers approach the equipment, the radio frequency tags are covered on different live equipment of the substation on a 360-degree basis, and the radio frequency The type of device and the tag number on the same type of device are recorded in the tag, which is beneficial to identify different devices and confirm the distance between the device and the identifier through the information in the radio frequency tag.
显然，上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明所作的举例，并非对实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说，在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。而由此所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明创造的保护范围之中。Apparently, the above-mentioned embodiments are only examples for clear description, and are not intended to limit the implementation. For those of ordinary skill in the art, on the basis of the above description, other changes or changes in various forms can also be made. It is not necessary and impossible to exhaustively list all the implementation manners here. And the obvious changes or changes derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.
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