CN106291259B - A kind of method of active signal method singlephase earth fault indicator extraction characteristic signal - Google Patents

A kind of method of active signal method singlephase earth fault indicator extraction characteristic signal Download PDF

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CN106291259B
CN106291259B CN201610929206.1A CN201610929206A CN106291259B CN 106291259 B CN106291259 B CN 106291259B CN 201610929206 A CN201610929206 A CN 201610929206A CN 106291259 B CN106291259 B CN 106291259B
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fault indicator
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phase ground
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CN106291259A (en
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陈柯豪
王燕祥
宣磊
王致
沈国富
肖大林
周骏
郑建鸿
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Kunming Power Supply Bureau of Yunnan Power Grid Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
    • G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
    • G01R31/086—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors in power transmission or distribution networks, i.e. with interconnected conductors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
    • G01R31/088—Aspects of digital computing

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Abstract

一种主动信号法单相接地故障指示器提取特征信号的方法，短路回路中的故障指示器通过CT采集到的电流信号进行模数转换，并由故障指示器内置CPU模块进行算法运算进行提取特征信号，通过频率特性分析判断是否有被注入信号的存在。本发明的有益效果：本发明通过对叠加了特征电流的线路电流进行2次提取的方法，实现了更容易检测到信号源注入的信号，帮助单相接地故障指示器实现对单相接地故障的判断，极大减少了故障指示器对于单相接地故障的误判和漏判。原理简单，定位准确度高，成本较低，易于推广。

A method for extracting characteristic signals of a single-phase ground fault indicator by active signal method. The fault indicator in the short-circuit circuit performs analog-to-digital conversion through the current signal collected by CT, and the built-in CPU module of the fault indicator performs algorithmic operation to extract features Signal, through frequency characteristic analysis to determine whether there is the existence of the injected signal. Beneficial effects of the present invention: the present invention realizes the detection of the signal injected by the signal source more easily through the method of extracting the line current superimposed with the characteristic current twice, and helps the single-phase ground fault indicator realize single-phase ground fault detection Judgment, which greatly reduces the misjudgment and missed judgment of the fault indicator for single-phase ground fault. The principle is simple, the positioning accuracy is high, the cost is low, and it is easy to popularize.

Description

一种主动信号法单相接地故障指示器提取特征信号的方法A method for extracting characteristic signals of single-phase ground fault indicator with active signal method

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及配电技术领域，尤其涉及单相接地故障的选线和定位方法。The invention relates to the technical field of power distribution, in particular to a line selection and location method for a single-phase ground fault.

背景技术Background technique

单相接地故障是配电系统最常见的故障，多发生在潮湿、多雨天气。针对配电网故障定位技术，学术界和工程界一般认为使用信号源的主动式信号注入法定位单相接地故障技术较为可靠，开展了大量的研究。但是由于配电网复杂而特殊的拓扑结构和运行方式，使用传统工频信号源注入的特征信号易同故障电流和负荷电流叠加，造成注入特征信号不明显，不容易被单相接地故障指示器检测到，很容易造成单相接地故障指示器误判。这个问题一直没有得到完全有效的解决，而采用频率等特征可变的信号源注入的信号很不容易同故障电流及负荷电流叠加，更容易被检测到，但对挂在线路上的故障指示器检测信号提取能力提出了更高的要求，本发明提出了一种有效的故障信号提取方法。Single-phase ground fault is the most common fault in power distribution system, and it mostly occurs in wet and rainy weather. For the distribution network fault location technology, the academic and engineering circles generally believe that the active signal injection method of the signal source is more reliable to locate the single-phase-to-ground fault technology, and a large number of researches have been carried out. However, due to the complex and special topological structure and operation mode of the distribution network, the characteristic signal injected by the traditional power frequency signal source is easy to be superimposed with the fault current and load current, resulting in that the injected characteristic signal is not obvious, and it is not easy to be detected by the single-phase ground fault indicator. If it is detected, it is easy to cause misjudgment of the single-phase ground fault indicator. This problem has not been completely and effectively solved, and the signal injected by a signal source with variable characteristics such as frequency is not easy to be superimposed on the fault current and load current, and it is easier to be detected, but the detection of the fault indicator on the line The signal extraction ability puts forward higher requirements, and the present invention proposes an effective fault signal extraction method.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明提出了一种针对采用主动注入信号法定位单相接地故障的单相接地故障指示器所采用的提取特征信号方法。本发明适用于采用工频和非工频注入信号法故障指示器，用于对单相接地故障线路进行选线和故障点进行定位。The invention proposes a method for extracting characteristic signals for a single-phase ground fault indicator using an active injection signal method to locate a single-phase ground fault. The invention is suitable for the fault indicator adopting the power frequency and non-power frequency injection signal method, and is used for line selection and fault point location of single-phase ground fault lines.

本发明是通过如下技术方案来实现的。The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.

一种主动信号法单相接地故障指示器提取特征信号的方法，本发明特征在于：当配网中发生单相接地故障，判断出故障线路及故障相后，由安装在出线端的信号发生装置向系统注入信号，即短时连接某一非故障相与接地故障相构成两相异地接地短路回路(附图1中所示)，而在这个短路回路中的故障指示器通过CT采集到的电流信号进行模数转换，并由故障指示器内置CPU模块进行算法运算，通过频率特性分析判断是否有被注入信号的存在，然后通过内置的SIM卡向变电站发送故障信号从而进行故障定位。A method for extracting a characteristic signal of a single-phase ground fault indicator using an active signal method. The feature of the present invention is that: when a single-phase ground fault occurs in a distribution network, after the faulty line and faulty phase are judged, the signal generating device installed at the outlet end sends The system injects signals, that is, short-term connection of a non-fault phase and the ground fault phase to form a two-phase ground short-circuit circuit (shown in Figure 1), and the fault indicator in this short-circuit circuit collects the current signal through CT Carry out analog-to-digital conversion, and the built-in CPU module of the fault indicator performs algorithm calculations, and judges whether there is an injected signal through frequency characteristic analysis, and then sends fault signals to the substation through the built-in SIM card for fault location.

本发明根据注入信号特征以及负荷电流的波动特征进行单相接地故障定位注入信号提取；采用特征信号提取来进行故障判断，以提取获取信号的频率特性为判断是否有电力扰动信号的存在的主要依据，对采集到的线路电流进行两次不同规则的整周电流相减运算，可以有效降低负荷波动产生的背景电流扰动强度，增强故障定位注入信号，即有效信号的强度。The invention extracts single-phase grounding fault location injection signals according to the injection signal characteristics and the fluctuation characteristics of the load current; adopts the characteristic signal extraction to perform fault judgment, and uses the frequency characteristics of the extracted and acquired signals as the main basis for judging whether there is a power disturbance signal , performing two round-cycle current subtraction operations with different rules on the collected line current can effectively reduce the background current disturbance intensity caused by load fluctuations and enhance the fault location injection signal, that is, the intensity of the effective signal.

本发明电力扰动特征信号提取方法是：The electric disturbance characteristic signal extraction method of the present invention is:

信号注入装置每隔一个周波在故障线路上会产生一个电流扰动，如附图2上图所示，采用单相接地故障指示器检测叠加了的电流扰动信号；其中周期C1、C3、C5含有电流扰动；周期C2、C4、C6中无电流扰动。The signal injection device will generate a current disturbance on the fault line every other cycle, as shown in the upper figure of attached drawing 2, a single-phase ground fault indicator is used to detect the superimposed current disturbance signal; the cycles C1, C3, and C5 contain current Disturbance; no current disturbance in periods C2, C4, and C6.

附图2的中、下图描述了信号提取方法过程是，每一步提取都采用特定规则的整周相减方法：The middle and lower figures of accompanying drawing 2 describe the process of the signal extraction method, and each step of extraction adopts the whole week subtraction method with specific rules:

①第1次提取：将电流周期数用m编号(m＝1,2,3,…)，以每3个周期为一个信号提取段，信号提取段N(N＝1,2,3,…)的3个周期编号m为2(N-1)+1，2(N-1)+2和2(N-1)+3；提取信号规则为：C2(N-1)+2-C2(N-1)+1，C2(N-1)+3-C2(N-1)+2；这样，m个周期提取n个扰动信号(n＝m)，每个扰动信号占时一个周波；①The first extraction: number the current cycle number with m (m=1,2,3,…), take every 3 cycles as a signal extraction segment, signal extraction segment N (N=1,2,3,… )’s 3 period numbers m are 2(N-1)+1, 2(N-1)+2 and 2(N-1)+3; the signal extraction rule is: C 2(N-1)+2 - C 2(N-1)+1 , C 2(N-1)+3 -C 2(N-1)+2 ; in this way, m cycles extract n disturbance signals (n=m), each disturbance signal Occupies one cycle;

②第2次提取：将第1次提取出来的n个扰动信号，做如下规则提取，即：Cn+1-Cn，得到(n-1)个增强的扰动信号。②Second extraction: the n disturbance signals extracted in the first extraction are extracted according to the following rules, namely: C n+1 -C n , to obtain (n-1) enhanced disturbance signals.

本发明的有益效果：本发明通过对叠加了特征电流的线路电流进行2次提取的方法，实现了更容易检测到信号源注入的信号，帮助单相接地故障指示器实现对单相接地故障的判断，极大减少了故障指示器对于单相接地故障的误判和漏判。原理简单，定位准确度高，成本较低，易于推广。Beneficial effects of the present invention: the present invention realizes the detection of the signal injected by the signal source more easily through the method of extracting the line current superimposed with the characteristic current twice, and helps the single-phase ground fault indicator realize single-phase ground fault detection Judgment greatly reduces the misjudgment and missed judgment of the fault indicator for single-phase ground fault. The principle is simple, the positioning accuracy is high, the cost is low, and it is easy to popularize.

下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步描述：The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment:

附图说明Description of drawings

图1单相接地故障定位装置安装示意图；Fig. 1 Installation schematic diagram of single-phase ground fault location device;

图2单相接地故障定位装置工作示意图；Fig. 2 working schematic diagram of single-phase ground fault location device;

图3电力扰动特征信号提取方法图。Figure 3 is a diagram of the extraction method of electric disturbance characteristic signal.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步描述：The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment:

一种主动信号法单相接地故障指示器提取特征信号的方法，本发明特征在于：当配网中发生单相接地故障，判断出故障线路及故障相后，由安装在出线端的信号发生装置向系统注入信号，即短时连接某一非故障相与接地故障相构成两相异地接地短路回路(附图1中所示)，而在这个短路回路中的故障指示器通过CT采集到的电流信号进行模数转换，并由故障指示器内置CPU模块进行算法运算，通过频率特性分析判断是否有被注入信号的存在，然后通过内置的SIM卡向变电站发送故障信号从而进行故障定位。A method for extracting a characteristic signal of a single-phase ground fault indicator using an active signal method. The feature of the present invention is that: when a single-phase ground fault occurs in a distribution network, after the faulty line and faulty phase are judged, the signal generating device installed at the outlet end sends The system injects signals, that is, short-term connection of a non-fault phase and the ground fault phase to form a two-phase ground short-circuit circuit (shown in Figure 1), and the fault indicator in this short-circuit circuit collects the current signal through CT Carry out analog-to-digital conversion, and the built-in CPU module of the fault indicator performs algorithm calculations, and judges whether there is an injected signal through frequency characteristic analysis, and then sends fault signals to the substation through the built-in SIM card for fault location.

本发明根据注入信号特征以及负荷电流的波动特征进行单相接地故障定位注入信号提取；对采集到的线路电流进行两次不同规则的整周电流相减运算，可以有效降低负荷波动产生的背景电流扰动强度，增强故障定位注入信号，即有效信号的强度。The invention extracts single-phase grounding fault location injection signals according to the injection signal characteristics and the fluctuation characteristics of the load current; performs two round-cycle current subtraction operations with different rules on the collected line current, which can effectively reduce the background current generated by load fluctuations Disturbance strength, to enhance the fault location injection signal, that is, the strength of the effective signal.

本发明电力扰动特征信号提取方法是：The electric disturbance characteristic signal extraction method of the present invention is:

信号注入装置每隔一个周波在故障线路上会产生一个电流扰动，如附图2上图所示，采用单相接地故障指示器检测叠加了的电流扰动信号；其中周期C1、C3、C5含有电流扰动；周期C2、C4、C6中无电流扰动。The signal injection device will generate a current disturbance on the fault line every other cycle, as shown in the upper figure of attached drawing 2, a single-phase ground fault indicator is used to detect the superimposed current disturbance signal; the cycles C1, C3, and C5 contain current Disturbance; no current disturbance in periods C2, C4, and C6.

附图2的中、下图描述了信号提取方法过程是，每一步提取都采用特定规则的整周相减方法：The middle and lower figures of accompanying drawing 2 describe the process of the signal extraction method, and each step of extraction adopts the whole week subtraction method with specific rules:

①第1次提取：将电流周期数用m编号(m＝1,2,3,…)，以每3个周期为一个信号提取段，信号提取段N(N＝1,2,3,…)的3个周期编号m为2(N-1)+1，2(N-1)+2和2(N-1)+3；提取信号规则为：C2(N-1)+2-C2(N-1)+1，C2(N-1)+3-C2(N-1)+2；这样，m个周期提取n个扰动信号(n＝m)，每个扰动信号占时一个周波；①The first extraction: number the current cycle number with m (m=1,2,3,…), take every 3 cycles as a signal extraction segment, signal extraction segment N (N=1,2,3,… )’s 3 period numbers m are 2(N-1)+1, 2(N-1)+2 and 2(N-1)+3; the signal extraction rule is: C 2(N-1)+2 - C 2(N-1)+1 , C 2(N-1)+3 -C 2(N-1)+2 ; in this way, m cycles extract n disturbance signals (n=m), each disturbance signal Occupies one cycle;

②第2次提取：将第1次提取出来的n个扰动信号，做如下规则提取，即：Cn+1-Cn，得到(n-1)个增强的扰动信号。②Second extraction: the n disturbance signals extracted in the first extraction are extracted according to the following rules, namely: C n+1 -C n , to obtain (n-1) enhanced disturbance signals.

附图2中图所示为第一步提取电流扰动信号的结果，可以观察到明显的负荷波动产生的背景电流扰动。The figure in the accompanying drawing 2 shows the result of extracting the current disturbance signal in the first step, and the background current disturbance caused by the obvious load fluctuation can be observed.

附图2下图所示为第一步提取电流扰动信号的结果，可见通过采用“双重提取算法”，不仅可以将负荷波动引起的背景扰动信号大幅度降低，同时还能将有用的扰动电流信号强度增强。The following figure of attached drawing 2 shows the result of extracting the current disturbance signal in the first step. It can be seen that by adopting the "double extraction algorithm", not only the background disturbance signal caused by load fluctuation can be greatly reduced, but also the useful disturbance current signal Increased strength.

Claims (3)

1.一种主动信号法单相接地故障指示器提取特征信号的方法，其特征在于：1. A kind of active signal method single-phase ground fault indicator extracts the method for characteristic signal, it is characterized in that: 短路回路中的故障指示器通过CT采集到的电流信号进行模数转换，并由故障指示器内置CPU模块进行算法运算进行提取特征信号，通过频率特性分析判断是否有被注入信号的存在；The fault indicator in the short-circuit circuit performs analog-to-digital conversion through the current signal collected by CT, and the built-in CPU module of the fault indicator performs algorithmic operation to extract the characteristic signal, and judges whether there is an injected signal through frequency characteristic analysis; 根据注入信号特征以及负荷电流的波动特征进行单相接地故障定位注入信号提取；对采集到的线路电流进行两次不同规则的整周电流相减运算。According to the injection signal characteristics and the fluctuation characteristics of the load current, the single-phase ground fault location injection signal is extracted; the collected line current is subtracted twice with different rules for the whole cycle current. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种主动信号法单相接地故障指示器提取特征信号的方法，其特征在于：故障指示器采用特征信号提取来进行故障判断，以提取获取信号的频率特性为判断是否有电力扰动信号的存在的主要依据。2. a kind of active signal method single-phase ground fault indicator extracts the method for characteristic signal according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: fault indicator adopts characteristic signal extraction to carry out fault judgment, to extract the frequency characteristic of acquisition signal as The main basis for judging whether there is a power disturbance signal. 3.根据权利要求1所述的一种主动信号法单相接地故障指示器提取特征信号的方法，其特征在于：电力扰动特征信号提取方法是：3. the method for extracting characteristic signal of a kind of active signal method single-phase ground fault indicator according to claim 1, is characterized in that: electric disturbance characteristic signal extraction method is: 信号注入装置每隔一个周波在故障线路上会产生一个电流扰动，采用单相接地故障指示器检测叠加了的电流扰动信号；The signal injection device will generate a current disturbance on the fault line every other cycle, and a single-phase ground fault indicator is used to detect the superimposed current disturbance signal; 信号提取方法过程是，每一步提取都采用特定规则的整周相减方法：The process of signal extraction method is that each step of extraction adopts the whole week subtraction method with specific rules: ①第1次提取：将电流周期数用m编号，以每3个周期为一个信号提取段，信号提取段N的3个周期编号m为2(N-1)+1，2(N-1)+2和2(N-1)+3；提取信号规则为：C2(N-1)+2-C2(N-1)+1，C2(N-1)+3-C2(N-1)+2；这样，m个周期提取n个扰动信号，每个扰动信号占时一个周波；其中，m＝1,2,3,…；N＝1,2,3,…；n＝m；C为单相接地故障指示器检测的线路电流值；① The first extraction: number the current cycle number with m, and take every 3 cycles as a signal extraction segment, and the 3 cycle number m of the signal extraction segment N is 2(N-1)+1, 2(N-1 )+2 and 2(N-1)+3; the signal extraction rule is: C 2(N-1)+2 -C 2(N-1)+1 , C 2(N-1)+3 -C 2 (N-1)+2 ; Like this, m cycles extract n disturbance signals, each disturbance signal occupies a cycle; Wherein, m=1,2,3,...; N=1,2,3,...; n=m; C is the line current value detected by the single-phase ground fault indicator; ②第2次提取：将第1次提取出来的n个扰动信号，做如下规则提取，即：Cn+1-Cn，得到n-1个增强的扰动信号。②Second extraction: The n disturbance signals extracted in the first extraction are extracted according to the following rules, namely: C n+1 -C n , to obtain n-1 enhanced disturbance signals.
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