CN106290576B - A kind of Engineering Geology Classification method of compound alterated rocks/band - Google Patents
A kind of Engineering Geology Classification method of compound alterated rocks/band Download PDFInfo
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- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of compound alterated rocks/band Engineering Geology Classification methods, are related to ground and hydroelectric project field.Compound alterated rocks/band Engineering Geology Classification method, first, to protolith in enumeration district, classify according to existing specification or standard, the longitudinal wave velocity of all kinds of protoliths is tested respectively, longitudinal wave standard value is obtained after being averaged respectively, is worth on the basis of the longitudinal wave velocity of the fresh no off-load protolith of enumeration district, is calculated the loss late L of all kinds of protolith longitudinal wave standard value relative datum valuesi；Then, alterated rocks/band in enumeration district is conducted a geological survey and tested, longitudinal wave velocity test is carried out to the rock mass of each alteration type, alteration type engineering geology is carried out to alterated rocks/band to divide, different alteration type areas are carried out to alterated rocks/band to divide, longitudinal wave velocity test is carried out, the loss late L ' of the synthesis longitudinal wave velocity relative datum value in each alteration region is calculatedt；Finally with LiThe L ' in same section will be in for boundary valuetCorresponding alterated rocks/band is divided into same type.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ground and hydroelectric project fields, in particular to a kind of applied to there are a variety of alteration type rock mass
/ the Engineering Geology Classification method of band.
Background technique
Alterated rocks refers to the rock formed because hydrothermal process, Biao Sheng and tectonism etc. cause the secondary variation of rock and mineral
Stone, alteration change primary rock mass physical mechanics by changing part mineralogical composition, structure structural type etc. inside rock mass
Characteristic, that it will cause Rock Mass is uneven for the otherness of alteration, or even the Geological Defects such as weak band for forming engineering.It is long
Since phase, the research of alterated rocks is mainly used in the geology of ore deposits, and mainly by alterated rocks properties study, it is related at mine mineral
Matter, amount, the regularity of distribution and Forming Mechanism, and for the research of alterated rocks engineering Geological Characteristics it is relatively fewer.
Under certain area geology and environmental condition, by alteration and the difference of degree, alterated rocks is interior to be divided part alterated rocks
The a variety of alteration type rock mass of cloth, different alteration type rock mass physical Mechanical Characters of Composite Ground differ greatly, and each alteration type rock mass is distributed shape
State, combining form are complicated, and regularity is not strong.
It for having compound alterated rocks/band of features described above, that is, include two or more alteration rock mass, various erosions
Becoming type rock mass, there are certain mechanics othernesses, and in alterated rocks/band of " couple, mix, wrapping up " formula distribution.Compound alteration
When rock/band is distributed in the engineerings positions such as hydroelectric project high dam foundation, large-span underground chamber group, high gradient slope, often to its shadow
The non-deformability and stable condition of sound or the building being related to play decision or control action, are to meet to be directed to different building works
Journey position carries out the requirement of its handling engineering accident evaluation, need to compound alterated rocks/band engineering geology character according to certain rules,
Principle and method carry out Engineering Geology Classification.
For engineering and technical standpoint, it is difficult to more systematically by compound alterated rocks/with interior each alteration type rock mass
Division is independent engineering geology unit and carries out sort research, such alterated rocks need to be thought of as unified ground by its distribution characteristics
Plastid carries out suitable engineering geology and generally changes and Engineering Geology Classification.However, compound alterated rocks/band is by its distribution characteristics and exhibition
After cloth rule engineering geology is generally changed, mechanical characteristic difference is big, regularity is low.
Carry out Engineering Geology Classification according to " Standard for classification of engineering rock masses ", i.e., on the basis of rock-mass quality classification, in conjunction with
Engineering design related request is targetedly classified, and has been widely used.Engineering geology point in presently relevant Regulations
Class method is not suitable for the compound alterated rocks/band, if each alterated rocks/band after generally changing to its engineering geology is led one by one (a)
It integrates mechanics parameter to determine, be limited by prospecting test applicable scope and condition, the related mechanics parameter of test and true feelings
There are relatively large deviations for condition, accordingly influence the accuracy of its Engineering Geology Classification.
Rock mass quality designation or engineering riedel-treppe usually contain numerous influence factors, for compound alterated rocks/band, in reality
It is very difficult that the complete data of each influence factor is obtained in engineering, and related rock-mass quality classification method (RMR method, Q system
Method, BQ method etc.) its principal element considered is not suitable for the geologic feature of compound alterated rocks/band.In addition, Engineering Geology Classification
Cost, period tend not to meet survey and design cost and duration control requires, there is no at present for such compound alterated rocks/
Band engineering geology rapid classification method.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a kind of Engineering Geology Classification method of compound alterated rocks/band,
Different building engineering positions progress handling engineering accident evaluations are distributed in for compound alterated rocks/band, basis and support are provided, together
When to be also the later period provide strong foundation for the project treatment conceptual design etc. of such compound alterated rocks/band.It is wherein compound
Alterated rocks/band be include two or more alteration rock mass, there are certain mechanics othernesses for various alteration type rock mass, and are in
Alterated rocks/band of " couple, mix, wrapping up " formula distribution.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of compound alterated rocks/band engineering geology point
Class method, includes the following steps:
A. to protolith in enumeration district, i.e., non-alterated rocks classifies according to existing specification or standard, is divided into n class, n >=2
It and is natural number；The longitudinal wave velocity of all kinds of protoliths is tested respectively, and similar protolith at least tests two longitudinal wave velocities, then calculates all kinds of
The arithmetic mean of instantaneous value v of the longitudinal wave velocity of protolithp1、vp2……vpnAnd the longitudinal wave standard value as such protolith；
With the longitudinal wave velocity v of the fresh no off-load protolith of enumeration districtprOn the basis of be worth, it is opposite to calculate all kinds of protolith longitudinal wave standard values
The loss late L of a reference valuei:
Wherein i=1,2 ... n；
B. alterated rocks/band in enumeration district is conducted a geological survey and is tested, according to investigation and test result to alterated rocks/band
It carries out alteration type engineering geology to divide, is divided into m class alteration type, m >=2 and be natural number；
Carry out different alteration type areas to alterated rocks in enumeration district/band to divide, be divided into s alteration region, s >=2 and
For natural number, the distributed areas of each alteration type rock mass are obtained according to geologic survey, and calculate each alteration in each alteration region
The ratio k of the total outcrop area of alterated rocks in type rock mass outcrop area and the alteration regiontj, ktjWhat is indicated is t-th of alteration
Alterated rocks/ratio with total outcrop area in jth class alteration type rock mass outcrop area and the alteration region in region；Wherein
Natural number of the t between 1~s and including end value, natural number of the j between 1~m and including end value；
C. according to alteration type engineering geology division result, longitudinal wave velocity test, phase are carried out to the rock mass of each alteration type
Rock mass with alteration type at least tests two longitudinal wave velocities, then calculates separately the calculation of the longitudinal wave velocity of the rock mass of each alteration type
Art average value v 'p1、v′p2……v′pm, then calculate separately the synthesis longitudinal wave velocity v " of the rock mass in each alteration regionpt:
v″pt=v 'p1×kt1+v′p2×kt2+…+v′pm×ktm,
The loss late L ' of the synthesis longitudinal wave velocity of the rock mass in each alteration region is calculated againt:
D. with LiThe section that respective numbers are formed for boundary value, by the L ' in same sectiontIt draws in corresponding alteration region
It is divided into same type.
Further, alterated rocks/band in enumeration district is conducted a geological survey and is tested in step B, including to alterated rocks/
Band macrogeological features, internal each alteration rock mass macromechanics character, Petrographic Features are investigated and are tested.
Specifically, step B is specifically included:
B1. it carries out matter character on a macro scale to alterated rocks/band to investigate, including the occurrence of alterated rocks/band, scale, extension, distribution
Rule and the color of each alteration type rock mass, the regularity of distribution, form, material composition, hammering intensity and hydrophily；
B2. it chooses all kinds of representative alterated rocks/band in enumeration district and carries out rock grinding and the test of X powder diffraction, look into
Bright alterated rocks mineral species, composition and content.
Further, in step B, first to specific alterated rocks/alteration type engineering with the identical mechanical property of progress
Geological generalization, then each alteration type rock mass outcrop area calculated in each alteration region always go out with the alterated rocks in the alteration region
Show up long-pending ratio ktj。
Spread speed of the wave in rock mass is mainly related with the property of sillar and structural plane.For sillar, density and hole
Gap is major influence factors, can macroscopically be reflected by the intensity of rock.For structural plane, geometric shape, crack
Degree, the preservation situation of underground water and charges property etc. is opened all to have a major impact the propagation of wave.Rock mass velocity is actually
The concentrated expression of rock mass completeness and rock strength, is proportional to rock strength and integrated degree, and rock-mass quality is same
Sample is in this way, therefore, there are correlations between rock mass longitudinal wave velocity and rock-mass quality.In hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering, this correlation
Presence obtained a large amount of engineering practices and proved.
The medicine have the advantages that engineering geology measuring technology, geotechnical investigation code and testing regulations are directed to compound erosion at present
Becoming rock/band Engineering Geology Classification, there are larger difficult and blind areas.Compound alterated rocks/band Engineering Geology Classification method, exists early period
It establishes after longitudinal wave velocity and its loss late data system and standard, the later period is directed to specific alterated rocks/band, it is only necessary to pass through geology
The determining alterated rocks of investigation/with interior each alteration type rock mass ratio accounting, then calculate the synthesis longitudinal wave wave of the rock mass of each alteration type
The loss late of speed can rapidly carry out compound alterated rocks/band and carry out Engineering Geology Classification, be that the later period, such was a large amount of compound
Type alterated rocks/band carries out handling engineering accident evaluation and provides basis and support, at the same also for the later period for such compound alterated rocks/
The strong foundations of offers such as band project treatment design scheme.
Specific embodiment
A kind of Engineering Geology Classification method of compound alterated rocks/band of the present invention is that one kind can be quickly to compound alteration
Rock/with the method for carrying out Engineering Geology Classification.Method the following steps are included:
A. to protolith in enumeration district, i.e., non-alterated rocks is classified according to existing specification or standard, such as according to GB/T
50218-2014 " Standard for classification of engineering rock masses " or GB50287-2006 " hydraulic power project geological mapping specification " are divided
Class, is divided into n class, n >=2 and be natural number；Then, the longitudinal wave velocity of all kinds of protoliths is tested respectively, and similar protolith at least tests two
A longitudinal wave velocity, can be according to practical surveys more as far as possible, then calculate the arithmetic mean of instantaneous value v of the longitudinal wave velocity of all kinds of protolithsp1、vp2……
vpnAnd the longitudinal wave standard value as such protolith；Finally, with the longitudinal wave velocity v of the fresh no off-load protolith of enumeration districtprOn the basis of
Value, calculates the loss late L of all kinds of protolith longitudinal wave standard value relative datum valuesi, LiIn terms of percentage:
Wherein i=1,2 ... n.
For example, the riverbed Ba Qu and two sides basement rock of some hydropower station are the irregular simple stock of early stage Stage of Yanshan intrusion, rock
Property be middle particulate granodiorite, granitization and the clay lithification alterated rocks band of later period hot gas liquid alteration are distributed with therebetween.Root
Test achievement, dam area protolith are largely surveyed according to early period, i.e., non-alterated rocks is 5 engineerings by GB50287-2006 Engineering Geology Classification
Riedel-treppe grade, respectively II, III 1, III 2, IV, V class, by a large amount of physical prospecting sonic tests and statistic of classification, all kinds of rock mass longitudinal waves
Velocity of wave be respectively 5000~5500m/s, 4500~5000m/s, 3800~4500m/s, 3000~3800m/s, 2000~
The longitudinal wave velocity of 3000m/s, all kinds of protoliths seek arithmetic mean of instantaneous value, obtain II, III 1, III 2, IV, V class rock mass longitudinal wave standard value difference
It for 5250m/s, 4750m/s, 4150m/s, 3400m/s, 2500m/s, takes 5250m/s as a reference value, then calculates III 1, III
2, the loss late of IV, V all kinds of rock mass is respectively 10%, 21%, 35% and 52%.
B. alterated rocks/band in enumeration district is conducted a geological survey and is tested, according to investigation and test result to alterated rocks/band
It carries out alteration type engineering geology to divide, is divided into m class, m >=2 and be natural number.
Alterated rocks/band in enumeration district is conducted a geological survey and is tested, including to alterated rocks/band macrogeological features,
Internal each alteration rock mass macromechanics character, Petrographic Features are investigated and are tested.Wherein alterated rocks/band is carried out on a macro scale
The investigation of matter character, color including the occurrence of alterated rocks/band, scale, extension, the regularity of distribution and each alteration type rock mass, point
Cloth rule, form, material composition, hammering intensity and hydrophily；It additionally to find out alterated rocks mineralogical composition, such as choose investigation
Several representative alterated rocks carries out rock grinding and the test of X powder diffraction in area, finds out alterated rocks mineral species, group
At and content.
On the basis of above-mentioned investigation and test, incorporation engineering geology character carries out different alteration types to alterated rocks/band
Region division, is divided into s alteration region, s >=2 and be natural number.Point of each alteration type rock mass is obtained according to geologic survey
Cloth region, then calculate each alteration type rock mass outcrop area in each alteration region and the total exposure of alterated rocks in the alteration region
The ratio k of areatj, it is convenient for calculating to simplify operation, it can be first to specific alterated rocks/alteration with the identical mechanical property of progress
Type engineering geology is generally changed, then calculates in each alteration type rock mass outcrop area and the alteration region calculated in each alteration region
The total outcrop area of alterated rocks ratio ktj, ktjWhat is indicated is the jth class alteration type rock mass exposure in t-th of alteration region
Alterated rocks/ratio with total outcrop area in area and the alteration region, there is k at this timet1+kt2+…+ktm=1,；Wherein t be 1~
Natural number between s and including end value, natural number of the j between 1~m and including end value.
C. according to alteration type engineering geology division result, longitudinal wave velocity test, phase are carried out to the rock mass of each alteration type
Rock mass with alteration type at least tests two longitudinal wave velocities, then calculates separately the calculation of the longitudinal wave velocity of the rock mass of each alteration type
Art average value v 'p1、v′p2……v′pm.Correspondingly, more it can survey and calculate as far as possible according to practical, Practical Project passes through a large amount of similar
The longitudinal wave velocity of type alteration type rock mass sample measures, then calculates separately the synthesis longitudinal wave velocity v " of the rock mass in each alteration regionpt:
v″pt=v 'p1×kt1+v′p2×kt2+…+v′pm×ktm,
Then the loss late L ' of the synthesis longitudinal wave velocity of the rock mass in each alteration region is calculated againt, L 'tCalculation are as follows:
D. with LiThe section that respective numbers are formed for boundary value, by the L ' in same sectiontIt draws in corresponding alteration region
It is divided into same type.
This method need to only find out the longitudinal wave velocity of the rock mass of each alteration type on the basis of early-stage study, then calculate each
The loss late of the synthesis longitudinal wave velocity of the rock mass of alteration type can quickly be drawn by the different engineering riedel-treppes that carry out of loss late degree
Point, it carries out suitable engineering geology and generally changes for design analysis.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of Engineering Geology Classification method of compound alterated rocks/band, characterized by the following steps:
A. to protolith in enumeration district, i.e., non-alterated rocks is classified according to existing specification or standard, is divided into n class, n >=2 and is
Natural number；The longitudinal wave velocity of all kinds of protoliths is tested respectively, and similar protolith at least tests two longitudinal wave velocities, then calculates all kinds of protoliths
Longitudinal wave velocity arithmetic mean of instantaneous value vp1、vp2……vpnAnd the longitudinal wave standard value as such protolith；
With the longitudinal wave velocity v of the fresh no off-load protolith of enumeration districtprOn the basis of be worth, calculate all kinds of protolith longitudinal wave standard value relative datums
The loss late L of valuei:
Wherein i=1,2 ... n；
B. alterated rocks/band in enumeration district is conducted a geological survey and is tested, alterated rocks/band is carried out according to investigation and test result
Alteration type engineering geology divides, and is divided into m class alteration type, m >=2 and be natural number；
Different alteration type areas are carried out to alterated rocks in enumeration district/band to divide, and are divided into s alteration region, s >=2 and be oneself
So number, the distributed areas of each alteration type rock mass is obtained according to geologic survey, and calculate each alteration type in each alteration region
The ratio k of the total outcrop area of alterated rocks in rock mass outcrop area and the alteration regiontj, ktjWhat is indicated is t-th of alteration region
In jth class alteration type rock mass outcrop area and the alteration region in alterated rocks/ratio with total outcrop area；Wherein t is 1
Natural number between~s and including end value, natural number of the j between 1~m and including end value；
C. according to alteration type engineering geology division result, longitudinal wave velocity test, identical erosion are carried out to the rock mass of each alteration type
Become type rock mass at least test two longitudinal wave velocities, then calculate separately the rock mass of each alteration type longitudinal wave velocity arithmetic put down
Mean value v 'p1、v′p2……v′pm, then calculate separately the synthesis longitudinal wave velocity v " of the rock mass in each alteration regionpt:
v″pt=v 'p1×kt1+v′p2×kt2+…+v′pm×ktm,
The loss late L ' of the synthesis longitudinal wave velocity of the rock mass in each alteration region is calculated againt:
D. with LiThe section that respective numbers are formed for boundary value, by the L ' in same sectiontCorresponding alteration region division is
Same type.
2. a kind of Engineering Geology Classification method of compound alterated rocks/band as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: step B
In alterated rocks/band in enumeration district is conducted a geological survey and is tested, including to alterated rocks/band macrogeological features, internal each erosion
Become rock mass macromechanics character, Petrographic Features are investigated and tested.
3. a kind of Engineering Geology Classification method of compound alterated rocks/band as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that: step B
It specifically includes:
B1. it carries out matter character on a macro scale to alterated rocks/band to investigate, including the occurrence of alterated rocks/band, scale, extension, distribution rule
Rule and the color of each alteration type rock mass, the regularity of distribution, form, material composition, hammering intensity and hydrophily；
B2. it chooses all kinds of representative alterated rocks/band in enumeration district and carries out rock grinding and the test of X powder diffraction, find out erosion
Become rock mineral species, composition and content.
4. a kind of Engineering Geology Classification side of compound alterated rocks/band as described in claim 1,2 or 3 any claims
Method, it is characterised in that: first general to specific alterated rocks/alteration type engineering geology with the identical mechanical property of progress in step B
Change, then calculates each alteration type rock mass outcrop area in each alteration region and the total outcrop area of alterated rocks in the alteration region
Ratio ktj。
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| CN108414619A (en) * | 2018-03-07 | 2018-08-17 | 华北水利水电大学 | A method of utilizing longitudinal wave velocity quantitative identification granite alteration extent |
| CN109471169A (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2019-03-15 | 中国铁路设计集团有限公司 | A kind of Rock Mass Integrality evaluation method based on seismic refraction method |
| CN110646864B (en) * | 2019-10-16 | 2021-06-25 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Complex engineering geological rock group classification method for inserting irregular invaded rocks and veins |
| CN111366475B (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2023-02-03 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Method for acquiring shear strength parameters of particle-type structural surface and structural belt |
| CN115753993A (en) * | 2022-11-23 | 2023-03-07 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Surrounding rock grading method and system |
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| CN101487387A (en) * | 2009-02-20 | 2009-07-22 | 中国水电顾问集团昆明勘测设计研究院 | Lithologic delamination method for complex layered dam base |
| CN104331745A (en) * | 2014-10-17 | 2015-02-04 | 成都理工大学 | Period-divided and reason-divided prediction evaluation method of natural fracture in gas reservoir |
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