CN106290576A - A kind of Engineering Geology Classification method of compound alterated rocks/band - Google Patents

A kind of Engineering Geology Classification method of compound alterated rocks/band Download PDF

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CN106290576A
CN106290576A CN201610663338.4A CN201610663338A CN106290576A CN 106290576 A CN106290576 A CN 106290576A CN 201610663338 A CN201610663338 A CN 201610663338A CN 106290576 A CN106290576 A CN 106290576A
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alteration
band
alterated rocks
rock mass
longitudinal wave
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CN106290576B (en
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杨静熙
梅稚平
祝华平
陈长江
胡亚东
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PowerChina Chengdu Engineering Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/04—Analysing solids
    • G01N29/07—Analysing solids by measuring propagation velocity or propagation time of acoustic waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/01—Indexing codes associated with the measuring variable
    • G01N2291/011—Velocity or travel time
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
    • G01N2291/023—Solids
    • G01N2291/0232—Glass, ceramics, concrete or stone
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/04—Wave modes and trajectories
    • G01N2291/042—Wave modes
    • G01N2291/0421—Longitudinal waves

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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of compound alterated rocks/band Engineering Geology Classification method, relate to ground and hydroelectric project field.Compound alterated rocks/band Engineering Geology Classification method, first, to protolith in enumeration district, classify according to existing specification or standard, test the longitudinal wave velocity of all kinds of protolith respectively, obtain compressional wave standard value after average, be worth on the basis of the longitudinal wave velocity of the fresh protolith without off-load of enumeration district, calculate loss rate L of all kinds of protolith compressional wave standard value relative datum valuei；Then, alterated rocks/band in enumeration district is conducted a geological survey and tests, the rock mass of each alteration type is carried out longitudinal wave velocity test, alterated rocks/band carries out alteration type engineering geology divide, alterated rocks/band carries out different alteration type area divide, carry out longitudinal wave velocity test, calculate the loss rate L ' of the comprehensive longitudinal wave velocity relative datum value in each alteration regiont；Last with LiThe L ' being in same interval for boundary valuetCorresponding alterated rocks/band is divided into same type.

Description

A kind of Engineering Geology Classification method of compound alterated rocks/band
Technical field
The present invention relates to ground and hydroelectric project field, be applied to there is multiple alteration type rock mass particularly to one / band Engineering Geology Classification method.
Background technology
Alterated rocks refers to because hydrothermal process, Biao Sheng and tectonism etc. cause rock and the secondary change of mineral and the rock that formed Stone, alteration, by the part mineralogical composition within change rock mass, structure structural type etc., changes primary rock mass physical mechanics Characteristic, the diversity of alteration then can cause Rock Mass uneven, the Geological Defects such as weak band even forming engineering.Long Since phase, the research of alterated rocks is mainly used in the geology of ore deposits, and main by alterated rocks properties study, it is correlated with into ore deposit mineral Matter, amount, the regularity of distribution and Forming Mechanism, and relatively fewer for alterated rocks engineering Geological Characteristics research.
Under certain area geology and environmental condition, part alterated rocks is by alteration and the difference of degree, alterated rocks point Cloth multiple alteration type rock mass, different alteration type rock mass physical Mechanical Characters of Composite Ground differ greatly, each alteration type rock mass distribution shape State, combining form complexity, regularity is the strongest.
For possessing the compound alterated rocks/band of features described above, i.e. include two or more alteration rock mass, various erosions Become type rock mass and there is certain mechanics diversity, and the alterated rocks/band being distributed in " couple, mix, wrap up " formula.Compound alteration When rock/band is distributed in the engineering positions such as hydroelectric project high dam foundation, large-span underground chamber group, high gradient slope, often to its shadow The non-deformability of the building rung or relate to and steady-state conditions play decision or control action, for meeting for different building works Journey position carries out the requirement of its handling engineering accident evaluation, need compound alterated rocks/band engineering geology character according to certain rules, Principle and method carry out Engineering Geology Classification.
For engineering and technical standpoint, it is difficult to by each alteration type rock mass in compound alterated rocks/band the most systematically It is divided into independent engineering geology unit and carries out sort research, such alterated rocks need to be thought of as unified ground by its distribution characteristics Plastid carries out suitable engineering geology and generally changes and Engineering Geology Classification.But, compound alterated rocks/band presses its distribution characteristics and exhibition After cloth rule engineering geology is generally changed, its mechanical characteristic difference is big, regular low.
Engineering Geology Classification is carried out according to " Standard for classification of engineering rock masses ", i.e. on the basis of rock-mass quality classification, in conjunction with Engineering design related request is classified targetedly, is widely used.Engineering geology in presently relevant Regulations is divided Class method this compound alterated rocks/band inapplicable, if each alterated rocks/band (individual) one by one after generally changing its engineering geology is led Want comprehensive mechanics parameter determination, limited by prospecting test applicable scope and condition, the relevant mechanics parameter of its test and true feelings There is relatively large deviation in condition, affects the accuracy of its Engineering Geology Classification accordingly.
Rock mass quality designation or engineering riedel-treppe usually contain numerous influence factor, for compound alterated rocks/band, in reality The complete data obtaining each influence factor in engineering is extremely difficult, and relevant rock-mass quality classification method (RMR method, Q system Method, BQ method etc.) its principal element considered is not suitable for the geologic feature of compound alterated rocks/band.Additionally, Engineering Geology Classification Cost, cycle tend not to meet survey and design cost and control requirement with the duration, there is no at present for such compound alterated rocks/ Band engineering geology rapid classification method.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is to provide a kind of compound alterated rocks/band Engineering Geology Classification method, for Compound alterated rocks/band is distributed in different building engineering position to carry out handling engineering accident evaluation offer basis and supports, simultaneously Also strong foundation is provided for the later stage for the project treatment conceptual design etc. of such compound alterated rocks/band.The most compound erosion Becoming rock/band into including two or more alteration rock mass, there is certain mechanics diversity in various alteration type rock mass, and in Alterated rocks/the band of " couple, mix, wrap up " formula distribution.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of compound alterated rocks/band engineering geology is divided Class method, comprises the steps:
A. to protolith in enumeration district, the most non-alterated rocks, classify according to existing specification or standard, be divided into n class, n >=2 And be natural number；Testing the longitudinal wave velocity of all kinds of protolith respectively, similar protolith at least tests two longitudinal wave velocities, then calculates all kinds of The arithmetic mean of instantaneous value v of the longitudinal wave velocity of protolithp1、vp2……vpnAnd as the compressional wave standard value of such protolith；
Longitudinal wave velocity v with the fresh protolith without off-load of enumeration districtprOn the basis of be worth, calculate all kinds of protolith compressional wave standard value relative Loss rate L of reference valuei:
L i = v p r - v p i v p r × 100 % ,
Wherein i=1,2 ... n；
B. alterated rocks/band in enumeration district conducted a geological survey and test, according to investigation with test result to alterated rocks/band Carry out alteration type engineering geology to divide, be divided into m class alteration type, m >=2 and be natural number；
Alterated rocks/band in enumeration district carries out different alteration type area divide, is divided into s alteration region, s >=1 and For natural number, obtain the distributed areas of each alteration type rock mass according to geologic survey, and calculate each alteration in each alteration region The ratio k of the total outcrop area of alterated rocks in type rock mass outcrop area and this alteration regiontj, ktjRepresent is the t alteration The ratio of alterated rocks in the jth class alteration type rock mass outcrop area in region and this alteration region/with total outcrop area, wherein T=1,2 ... s, j=1,2 ... m；
C. according to alteration type engineering geology division result, the rock mass of each alteration type is carried out longitudinal wave velocity test, phase At least test two longitudinal wave velocities with the rock mass of alteration type, then calculate the calculation of the longitudinal wave velocity of the rock mass of each alteration type respectively Art meansigma methods v 'p1、v′p2……v′pm, then calculate the comprehensive longitudinal wave velocity v of the rock mass in each alteration region respectively "pt:
v″pt=v 'p1×kt1+v′p2×kt2+…+v′pm×ktm,
Calculate the loss rate L ' of the comprehensive longitudinal wave velocity of the rock mass in each alteration region againt:
L t ′ = v p r - v p t ′ ′ v p r × 100 % ;
D. with LiForm the interval of respective numbers for boundary value, the L ' in same interval will be intCorresponding alteration region is drawn It is divided into same type.
Further: alterated rocks/band in enumeration district is conducted a geological survey by step B and tests, including to alterated rocks/ Band macrogeological features, internal each alteration rock mass macromechanics character, Petrographic Features are investigated and are tested.
Specifically, step B specifically includes:
B1. alterated rocks/band is carried out matter character investigation on a macro scale, including alterated rocks/band occurrence, scale, extend, be distributed Rule, and color, the regularity of distribution, form, Matter Composition, hammering intensity and the hydrophilic of each alteration type rock mass；
B2. in choosing enumeration district, all kinds of representative alterated rocks/bands carry out rock abrasive disc and the test of X powder diffraction, look into Bright alterated rocks mineral species, composition and content.
Further: in step B, first concrete alterated rocks/band is carried out the alteration type engineering of identical mechanical property Geological generalization, the more each alteration type rock mass outcrop area calculated in each alteration region always goes out with the alterated rocks in this alteration region Show up long-pending ratio ktj。
Ripple spread speed in rock mass is the most relevant with the character of sillar and structural plane.For sillar, density and hole Gap is major influence factors, macroscopically can be reflected by the intensity of rock.For structural plane, its geometric shape, crack are opened Open degree, the tax of subsoil water is deposited the propagation all to ripple such as situation and charges character and is had a major impact.Rock mass velocity is actually Rock mass completeness and the concentrated expression of rock strength, relation proportional with rock strength and integrated degree, and rock-mass quality is same Sample is such, therefore, there is dependency between rock mass longitudinal wave velocity and rock-mass quality.In Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering, this dependency Existence obtained a large amount of engineering practice and proved.
The medicine have the advantages that current engineering geology measuring technology, geotechnical investigation code and testing regulations are for compound erosion Become rock/band Engineering Geology Classification and there is bigger difficulty and blind area.Compound alterated rocks/band Engineering Geology Classification method, early stage exists After setting up longitudinal wave velocity and its loss rate data system and standard, the later stage is for concrete alterated rocks/band, it is only necessary to pass through geology Investigation determines each alteration type rock mass ratio accounting in alterated rocks/band, then calculates the comprehensive compressional wave ripple of the rock mass of each alteration type The loss rate of speed, can be quickly carried out compound alterated rocks/band and carry out Engineering Geology Classification, and for the later stage, such is substantial amounts of compound Type alterated rocks/band carries out handling engineering accident evaluation to be provided basis and supports, be also simultaneously the later stage for such compound alterated rocks/ Band project treatment designs etc. provide strong foundation.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention " a kind of compound alterated rocks/band Engineering Geology Classification method " is that one can be quickly to compound alteration Rock/band carries out the method for Engineering Geology Classification.Method comprises the following steps:
A. to protolith in enumeration district, the most non-alterated rocks, classify according to existing specification or standard, such as according to GB/ T50218-2014 " Standard for classification of engineering rock masses " or GB50287-2006 " hydraulic power project geological mapping specification " is carried out point Class, is divided into n class, n >=2 and be natural number；Then, testing the longitudinal wave velocity of all kinds of protolith respectively, similar protolith at least tests two Individual longitudinal wave velocity, can survey according to reality morely, then calculate the arithmetic mean of instantaneous value v of the longitudinal wave velocity of all kinds of protolithp1、vp2…… vpnAnd as the compressional wave standard value of such protolith；Finally, with the longitudinal wave velocity v of the fresh protolith without off-load of enumeration districtprOn the basis of Value, calculates loss rate L of all kinds of protolith compressional wave standard value relative datum valuei, LiIn terms of percent:
L i = v p r - v p i v p r × 100 % ,
Wherein i=1,2 ... n.
Such as, the Ba Qu riverbed of some hydropower station and two sides basement rock are the irregular simple stock invaded in early days Stage of Yanshan, rock Property be middle particulate granodiorite, be distributed therebetween later stage steam liquid corrosion become granitization and clay lithification alterated rocks band.Root Survey test achievement, dam district protolith in a large number according to early stage, the most non-alterated rocks is 5 engineerings by GB50287-2006 Engineering Geology Classification Riedel-treppe grade, respectively II, III 1, III 2, IV, V class, by a large amount of physical prospecting sonic tests and classified statistic, all kinds of rock mass compressional waves Velocity of wave be respectively 5000～5500m/s, 4500～5000m/s, 3800～4500m/s, 3000～3800m/s, 2000～ 3000m/s, the longitudinal wave velocity of all kinds of protoliths is sought arithmetic mean of instantaneous value, is obtained II, III 1, III 2, IV, V class rock mass compressional wave standard value respectively For 5250m/s, 4750m/s, 4150m/s, 3400m/s, 2500m/s, take 5250m/s as reference value, then calculate III 1, III 2, the loss rate of IV, V all kinds of rock mass is respectively 10%, 21%, 35% and 52%.
B. alterated rocks/band in enumeration district conducted a geological survey and test, according to investigation with test result to alterated rocks/band Carry out alteration type engineering geology to divide, be divided into m class, m >=2 and be natural number.
Alterated rocks/band in enumeration district is conducted a geological survey and tests, including to the macrogeological features of alterated rocks/band, Internal each alteration rock mass macromechanics character, Petrographic Features are investigated and are tested.Wherein alterated rocks/band is carried out on a macro scale Matter character is investigated, and including the occurrence of alterated rocks/band, scale, extension, the regularity of distribution, and the color of each alteration type rock mass, divides Cloth rule, form, Matter Composition, hammering intensity and hydrophilic；Alterated rocks mineralogical composition to be found out, such as, choose investigation In district, several representative alterated rocks carries out rock abrasive disc and the test of X powder diffraction, finds out alterated rocks mineral species, group Become and content.
On the basis of above-mentioned investigation and test, incorporation engineering geology character, alterated rocks/band is carried out different alteration type Region divides, and is divided into s alteration region, s >=1 and be natural number.Dividing of each alteration type rock mass is obtained according to geologic survey Cloth region, then calculate each alteration type rock mass outcrop area in each alteration region and the total exposure of alterated rocks in this alteration region The ratio k of areatj, it is easy to calculate to simplify operation, can first concrete alterated rocks/band be carried out the alteration of identical mechanical property Type engineering geology is generally changed, then calculates in each alteration type rock mass outcrop area in each alteration region and this alteration region The ratio k of the total outcrop area of alterated rockstj, ktjRepresent is the jth class alteration type rock mass exposure in the t alteration region The ratio of alterated rocks in area and this alteration region/with total outcrop area, now has kt1+kt2+…+ktm=1, wherein t=1, 2 ... s, j=1,2 ... m.
C. according to alteration type engineering geology division result, the rock mass of each alteration type is carried out longitudinal wave velocity test, phase At least test two longitudinal wave velocities with the rock mass of alteration type, then calculate the calculation of the longitudinal wave velocity of the rock mass of each alteration type respectively Art meansigma methods v 'p1、v′p2……v′pm.Correspondingly, can survey more according to reality and calculate as far as possible, Practical Project is by the most similar The longitudinal wave velocity of type alteration type rock mass sample measures, then calculates the comprehensive longitudinal wave velocity v of the rock mass in each alteration region respectively "pt:
v″pt=v 'p1×kt1+v′p2×kt2+…+v′pm×ktm,
Calculate the loss rate L ' of the comprehensive longitudinal wave velocity of the rock mass in each alteration region the most againt, L 'tCalculation be:
L t ′ = v p r - v p t ′ ′ v p r × 100 % .
D. with LiForm the interval of respective numbers for boundary value, the L ' in same interval will be intCorresponding alteration region is drawn It is divided into same type.
This method, on the basis of early-stage Study, only need to be found out the longitudinal wave velocity of the rock mass of each alteration type, then calculate each The loss rate of the comprehensive longitudinal wave velocity of the rock mass of alteration type, quickly can carry out engineering riedel-treppe by the difference of loss rate degree and draw Point, carry out suitable engineering geology and generally change for design analysis.

Claims (4)

1. the Engineering Geology Classification method of compound alterated rocks/band, it is characterised in that: comprise the steps:
A. to protolith in enumeration district, the most non-alterated rocks, classify according to existing specification or standard, be divided into n class, n >=2 and be Natural number；Testing the longitudinal wave velocity of all kinds of protolith respectively, similar protolith at least tests two longitudinal wave velocities, then calculates all kinds of protolith The arithmetic mean of instantaneous value v of longitudinal wave velocityp1、vp2……vpnAnd as the compressional wave standard value of such protolith；
Longitudinal wave velocity v with the fresh protolith without off-load of enumeration districtprOn the basis of be worth, calculate all kinds of protolith compressional wave standard value relative datum Loss rate L of valuei:
L i = v p r - v p i v p r × 100 % ,
Wherein i=1,2 ... n；
B. alterated rocks/band in enumeration district conducted a geological survey and test, with test result, alterated rocks/band being carried out according to investigation Alteration type engineering geology divides, and is divided into m class alteration type, m >=2 and be natural number；
Alterated rocks/band in enumeration district carries out different alteration type area divide, be divided into s alteration region, s >=1 and be oneself So number, obtains the distributed areas of each alteration type rock mass, and calculates each alteration type in each alteration region according to geologic survey The ratio k of the total outcrop area of alterated rocks in rock mass outcrop area and this alteration regiontj, ktjRepresent is the t alteration region In jth class alteration type rock mass outcrop area and this alteration region in the ratio of alterated rocks/with total outcrop area, wherein t= 1,2 ... s, j=1,2 ... m；
C. according to alteration type engineering geology division result, the rock mass of each alteration type is carried out longitudinal wave velocity test, identical erosion The rock mass becoming type at least tests two longitudinal wave velocities, then the arithmetic calculating the longitudinal wave velocity of the rock mass of each alteration type respectively is put down Average v 'p1、v′p2……v′pm, then calculate the comprehensive longitudinal wave velocity v of the rock mass in each alteration region respectively "pt:
v″pt=v 'p1×kt1+v′p2×kt2+…+v′pm×ktm,
Calculate the loss rate L ' of the comprehensive longitudinal wave velocity of the rock mass in each alteration region againt:
L t ′ = v p r - v p t ′ ′ v p r × 100 % ;
D. with LiForm the interval of respective numbers for boundary value, the L ' in same interval will be intCorresponding alteration region is divided into Same type.
The Engineering Geology Classification method of a kind of compound alterated rocks/band the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: step B In alterated rocks/band in enumeration district conducted a geological survey and test, including to alterated rocks/band macrogeological features, internal each erosion Become rock mass macromechanics character, Petrographic Features is investigated and is tested.
The Engineering Geology Classification method of a kind of compound alterated rocks/band the most as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that: step B Specifically include:
B1. alterated rocks/band is carried out matter character investigation on a macro scale, including alterated rocks/band occurrence, scale, extend, be distributed rule Rule, and color, the regularity of distribution, form, Matter Composition, hammering intensity and the hydrophilic of each alteration type rock mass；
B2. in choosing enumeration district, all kinds of representative alterated rocks/bands carry out rock abrasive disc and the test of X powder diffraction, find out erosion Become rock mineral species, composition and content.
4. the Engineering Geology Classification side of a kind of compound alterated rocks/band as described in claim 1,2 or 3 any claim Method, it is characterised in that: in step B, the alteration type engineering geology that concrete alterated rocks/band first carries out identical mechanical property is general Change, then calculate each alteration type rock mass outcrop area in each alteration region and the total outcrop area of alterated rocks in this alteration region Ratio ktj。
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CN108414619A (en) * 2018-03-07 2018-08-17 华北水利水电大学 A method of utilizing longitudinal wave velocity quantitative identification granite alteration extent
CN109471169A (en) * 2018-11-07 2019-03-15 中国铁路设计集团有限公司 A kind of Rock Mass Integrality evaluation method based on seismic refraction method
CN110646864A (en) * 2019-10-16 2020-01-03 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 Complex engineering geological rock group classification method for inserting irregular invaded rocks and veins
CN111366475A (en) * 2020-03-25 2020-07-03 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 Method for acquiring shear strength parameters of particle-type structural surface and structural belt
CN115753993A (en) * 2022-11-23 2023-03-07 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 Surrounding rock grading method and system

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CN105004662A (en) * 2015-07-08 2015-10-28 中国科学院力学研究所 Method for testing contact rigidity of rock discontinuity structural plane, and apparatus thereof
CN105784494A (en) * 2016-04-12 2016-07-20 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 Specific composite altered rock or belt comprehensive compressive strength index obtaining method

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108414619A (en) * 2018-03-07 2018-08-17 华北水利水电大学 A method of utilizing longitudinal wave velocity quantitative identification granite alteration extent
CN109471169A (en) * 2018-11-07 2019-03-15 中国铁路设计集团有限公司 A kind of Rock Mass Integrality evaluation method based on seismic refraction method
CN110646864A (en) * 2019-10-16 2020-01-03 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 Complex engineering geological rock group classification method for inserting irregular invaded rocks and veins
CN110646864B (en) * 2019-10-16 2021-06-25 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 Complex engineering geological rock group classification method for inserting irregular invaded rocks and veins
CN111366475A (en) * 2020-03-25 2020-07-03 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 Method for acquiring shear strength parameters of particle-type structural surface and structural belt
CN111366475B (en) * 2020-03-25 2023-02-03 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 Method for acquiring shear strength parameters of particle-type structural surface and structural belt
CN115753993A (en) * 2022-11-23 2023-03-07 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 Surrounding rock grading method and system

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