CN106290458A - A kind of detection method of lithium ion battery security - Google Patents
A kind of detection method of lithium ion battery security Download PDFInfo
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- CN106290458A CN106290458A CN201510249627.5A CN201510249627A CN106290458A CN 106290458 A CN106290458 A CN 106290458A CN 201510249627 A CN201510249627 A CN 201510249627A CN 106290458 A CN106290458 A CN 106290458A
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Abstract
The present invention provides the detection method of a kind of lithium ion battery security, the method is by gathering the detection parameter of lithium-ion battery module to be measured, calculate the weight of each detection parameter respectively, and by after each detection corresponding multiplied by weight of parameter accumulative add and, after obtaining initial stage evaluation and test index, normalization initial stage evaluation and test index, obtains the safety evaluation and test index of lithium-ion battery module and carries out safety grades division and evaluation.The detection method that the present invention provides is fine and perfect；And propose first with the order of severity after battery component burning for criterion to carry out the detection of battery security, thus effectively and reliably achieve the detection of the lithium ion battery for different types, system and specification；Certain practical value is respectively provided with for lithium ion battery manufacturing enterprise, terminal use.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to secondary cell energy storage technology detection field, the inspection of a kind of lithium ion battery security
Survey method.
Background technology
Along with the development of energy storage technology, lithium ion battery is widely used in portable set, portable power supply, electronic
Multiple field such as automobile, has become as important energy carrier.Meanwhile, energy density, the power to lithium ion battery
The requirement of the many index such as density, life-span is also improving constantly.But along with the extensive application of lithium ion battery, it is in storage
Depositing, transport and security incident that the aspect such as use causes happens occasionally, therefore, the safety problem of lithium ion battery becomes
The focus of people's growing interest.
In order to improve the safety of lithium ion battery, the most in succession issue multiple with lithium ion battery security detection
For the examination criteria of main contents, such as IEEE1725, JIS C8714-2007, UL1642-2007, UL2054-2006
Deng.China's current stem lithium ion battery security enforcement GB GB31241-2014 is the most formally issued, these
In standard, battery security detection method and the technology of regulation have important for the safety improving lithium ion battery
Meaning.
But, carry out the result that draws of battery security test according to the method for regulation in these standards and battery can only be described
The most whether there will be the situations such as intensification, leakage, on fire, burning, and judge whether battery pacifies with this
Entirely, but cannot be distinguished by out battery and the seriousness after these security incidents and the order of severity occur, i.e. cannot be to passing through safety
The safety of the battery of test carries out further good and bad judgement.
Therefore, how to design a kind of according to battery, safety problem can occur after the order of severity battery peace that carries out detecting
The detection method of full property, is those skilled in the art's problem demanding prompt solution.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the invention aims to provide the detection method of a kind of lithium ion battery security, the method is first
The secondary order of severity proposed after burning with battery component is for criterion to carry out the detection of battery security, thus has
Effect and achieve the detection of lithium ion battery for different types, system and specification reliably.
It is an object of the invention to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
The detection method of a kind of lithium ion battery security, described method comprises the steps:
Step 1. gathers the detection parameter of lithium-ion battery module to be measured, and described detection parameter includes: flammability parameter,
Raw cigarette parameter, gas toxicity parameter and mass change parameter；
Step 2. calculates the weight of each described detection parameter respectively, and by power corresponding for each described detection parameter
Heavy phase after taking advantage of accumulative add and, obtain initial stage evaluation and test index；
Initial stage evaluation and test index described in step 3. normalization, obtains the safety evaluation and test index of described lithium-ion battery module；
Step 4. according to described safety evaluation and test exponent pair described in lithium-ion battery module carry out safety grades division and
Evaluate.
Preferably, before described step 1, including:
A. being disassembled by described lithium-ion battery module as each parts, described parts include positive plate, negative plate and barrier film；
B. described positive plate, negative plate and barrier film are all cut to rectangular sheet, and each overlay anti-electrolyte volatilization appearance
In device so that the mass change of described rectangular sheet is less than himself 1% to 5%；Wherein, the length of described rectangular sheet
Being 5 to 10cm with wide, its thickness is 5 to 10mm.
Preferably, described step 1, including:
1-1. places gas sensor in cone calorimetry；
The rectangular sheet of described positive plate, negative plate and barrier film is put in described cone calorimetry and is measured by 1-2. respectively；
1-3. gathers the flammability parameter of described lithium-ion battery module, raw cigarette parameter, gas toxicity parameter and quality
The value of running parameter.
Preferably, in described step 1-2, the radiant intensity that cone calorimetry is measured is 40 to 50Kw/m2, measure
Time is 5 to 20 minutes.
Preferably, described gas sensor includes CO sensor, CO2Sensor and fluoride sensor.
Preferably, described flammability parameter includes burning time, peak heat rate of release, total release heat and effectively fires
Burn-out amount；
Described raw cigarette parameter includes CO productivity, CO2Productivity, specific extinction area and always give birth to smoke；
Described gas toxicity parameter includes CO concentration, CO2Concentration and fluoride concentration；
Described mass change parameter is mass loss rate.
Preferably, before described step 2, including:
C. set up the matrix in contrast of described detection parameter, and described matrix in contrast is carried out consistency check；
D. the finger of each described detection parameter is configured according to use environment and the testing requirement of described lithium-ion battery module
The ratio of mark weight.
Preferably, in described step 3, the method evaluating and testing index described in normalization is: by the described initial stage evaluation and test index with
The specifications parameter of described lithium-ion battery module unit are or unit mass is divided by, and wherein, described specifications parameter is electricity
The Ah parameter of tankage or the Wh parameter of the energy content of battery.
Preferably, the rule that the safety grades in described step 4 divides is: described safety evaluation and test exponential quantity is the least,
The safety grades of the described lithium-ion battery module that this exponent pair is answered is the highest.
From above-mentioned technical scheme it can be seen that the invention provides the detection method of a kind of lithium ion battery security,
The method, by gathering the detection parameter of lithium-ion battery module to be measured, calculates the power of each detection parameter respectively
Weight, and by after each detection corresponding multiplied by weight of parameter accumulative add and, after obtaining initial stage evaluation and test index,
Normalization initial stage evaluation and test index, obtains the safety evaluation and test index of lithium-ion battery module and carries out safety grades
Divide and evaluate.The detection method that the present invention provides is fine and perfect；And after proposing first with battery component burning
The order of severity be criterion to carry out the detection of battery security, thus effectively and reliably achieve for difference
The detection of lithium ion battery of type, system and specification；Lithium ion battery manufacturing enterprise, terminal use are all had
There is the highest practical value.
With immediate prior art ratio, the technical scheme that the present invention provides has the advantages that
1, the present invention provide technical scheme in, by lithium-ion battery module is disassembled into positive plate, negative plate and every
Film so that the detection to lithium ion battery is more comprehensive and perfect；Achieve the inspection accurate and fine to lithium ion battery
Survey.
2, in the technical scheme that the present invention provides, by measuring each parts of lithium-ion battery module in cone calorimetry,
Propose first with the order of severity after battery component burning for criterion to carry out the detection of battery security, thus
Effectively and reliably achieve the detection of lithium ion battery for different types, system and specification.
3, in the technical scheme that the present invention provides, according to the detection parameter of lithium ion battery, drawing by weight ratio
Divide and normalization calculates safety evaluation and test index；Achieve diverse with traditional battery security detection method
Occur that the order of severity after security incident is tested and assessed to the high accuracy judging the safety of battery with battery；Simultaneously to lithium from
The safety of sub-battery has carried out quantification treatment, it is achieved that the lithium ion battery for different types, system and specification carries
Supply unified and detect foundation reliably.
4, in the technical scheme that the present invention provides, flammability parameter, raw cigarette parameter, gas are included by detection parameter
Body toxicity parameter and the setting of mass change parameter, taken into full account that in detection method the combustion of security incident occurs in battery
Burning property parameter and feature gas phase composition, testing result is not limited to " passing through " and " no of existing battery safety tests result
Pass through ", but provide safety further and quantify testing result, weigh lithium ion battery by numeric ratio to carrying out science
The safety of product, is respectively provided with certain practical value for lithium ion battery manufacturing enterprise, terminal use.
5, the technical scheme that the present invention provides, is widely used, has significant Social benefit and economic benefit.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the main-process stream schematic diagram of the detection method of the lithium ion battery security of the present invention；
Fig. 2 be the detection method of the present invention main-process stream in the flow chart of step before step I-1；
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of the detection parameter gathering lithium-ion battery module to be measured in the detection method of the present invention；
Fig. 4 be the detection method of the present invention main-process stream in the flow chart of step before step I-2；
Fig. 5 is the flow chart of the detection method of the lithium ion battery security of certain producer of the application examples of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the flow chart of the detection parameter of certain the producer's lithium-ion battery module in the application examples of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of the matrix in contrast of the detection parameter in the application examples of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the safety testing result schematic diagram of certain the producer's lithium-ion battery module in the application examples of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Describe, it is clear that embodiment shown in accompanying drawing is only a part of embodiment of the present invention rather than whole wholely
Embodiment, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, it is also possible to according to
These accompanying drawings obtain other technical scheme.Based on embodiments of the invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not doing
Go out the every other embodiment obtained under creative work premise, broadly fall into the scope of protection of the invention.
Lithium ion battery integral energy density is higher, belongs to high energy object.Lithium ion battery uses Allyl carbonate, carbon
The liquid state organics such as vinyl acetate, diethyl carbonate is as solvent, and these solvent vapo(u)rs force down and inflammable, and barrier film
Material is organic high molecular polymer, it may have certain combustibility.So, at the lithium ion battery having occurred and that
In security incident, majority shows as the phenomenon of the overheated burning of battery.Based on this, the present invention proposes to burn with battery component
After the order of severity be that criterion is to carry out the evaluation and test of battery security.
As it is shown in figure 1, the invention provides the detection method of a kind of lithium ion battery security, comprise the steps:
Step 1. gathers the detection parameter of lithium-ion battery module to be measured, and described detection parameter includes: flammability parameter,
Raw cigarette parameter, gas toxicity parameter and mass change parameter；
Step 2. calculates the weight of each described detection parameter respectively, and by power corresponding for each described detection parameter
Heavy phase after taking advantage of accumulative add and, obtain initial stage evaluation and test index；
Initial stage evaluation and test index described in step 3. normalization, obtains the safety evaluation and test index of described lithium-ion battery module；
Step 4. according to described safety evaluation and test exponent pair described in lithium-ion battery module carry out safety grades division and
Evaluate.
As in figure 2 it is shown, before described step 1, including:
A. being disassembled by described lithium-ion battery module as each parts, described parts include positive plate, negative plate and barrier film；
B. described positive plate, negative plate and barrier film are all cut to rectangular sheet, and each overlay anti-electrolyte volatilization appearance
In device so that the mass change of described rectangular sheet is less than himself 1% to 5%；Wherein, the length of described rectangular sheet
Being 5 to 10cm with wide, its thickness is 5 to 10mm.
As it is shown on figure 3, described step 1, including:
1-1. places gas sensor in cone calorimetry；Wherein, cone calorimetry technology is to fire at material in recent years
Burn a kind of advanced method of performances areas applied research, also actual with scene while obtaining material combustion important information
There is good dependency in situation.The research material that Cone calorimeter has become generally acknowledged in the world at present is the most burned
The authoritative method of journey, by many countries, local level International Standards Organization be widely used in construction material, macromolecular material,
Timber manufactures, material is fire-retardant and the field such as fire prevention.
The rectangular sheet of described positive plate, negative plate and barrier film is put in described cone calorimetry and is measured by 1-2. respectively；Its
In, the radiant intensity of measurement is 40 to 50Kw/m2, the measurement time is 5 to 20 minutes；
1-3. gathers the flammability parameter of described lithium-ion battery module, raw cigarette parameter, gas toxicity parameter and quality
The value of running parameter.
Wherein, described gas sensor includes CO sensor, CO2Sensor and fluoride sensor.
Described flammability parameter includes burning time, peak heat rate of release, total release heat and active combustion heat；
Described raw cigarette parameter includes CO productivity, CO2Productivity, specific extinction area and always give birth to smoke；
Described gas toxicity parameter includes CO concentration, CO2Concentration and fluoride concentration；
Described mass change parameter is mass loss rate.
As shown in Figure 4, before described step 2, including:
C. set up the matrix in contrast of described detection parameter, i.e. set up the scale value table of detection parameter；And to described in pairs
Consistency check is carried out than matrix；
D. the finger of each described detection parameter is configured according to use environment and the testing requirement of described lithium-ion battery module
The ratio of mark weight；Wherein, the use environment of lithium-ion battery module is different, to the index of detection parameter each described
The importance of weight is the most different.
In described step 3, the method evaluating and testing index described in normalization is:
By evaluation and test index of described initial stage and described lithium-ion battery module unit are or the specifications parameter phase of unit mass
Remove；
Described specifications parameter is Ah parameter or the Wh parameter of the energy content of battery of battery capacity；Wherein, Ah parameter is
The discharge current of battery and the product of time, Wh parameter is electricity, and it is to be directly proportional pass with voltage, electric current, time
The amount of system.
In described step 4, the rule that safety grades divides is: described safety evaluation and test exponential quantity is the least, this index
The safety grades of corresponding described parts is the highest.
As it is shown in figure 5, the detection method of ferric phosphate lithium cell safety that the application examples of the present invention is carried out with certain producer is
Example:
Being disassembled by described ferric phosphate lithium cell assembly as each parts, described parts include positive plate, negative plate and barrier film；
Described positive plate, negative plate and barrier film are all cut to rectangular sheet, and each overlay anti-electrolyte volatilization container
In so that the mass change of described rectangular sheet is less than himself 1% to 5%；Wherein, the length of described rectangular sheet and
Wide being 5 to 10cm, its thickness is 5 to 10mm；
Gas sensor is placed in cone calorimetry；
Respectively the rectangular sheet of described positive plate, negative plate and barrier film is put in described cone calorimetry, and carry out respectively
Measure；Wherein, the radiant intensity of measurement is 40 to 50Kw/m2, the measurement time is 5 to 20 minutes；
Gather the flammability parameter of described ferric phosphate lithium cell assembly, raw cigarette parameter, gas toxicity parameter and quality to become
Change the value of parameter.
As described in Figure 6, the value of described flammability parameter includes burning time A1, peak heat rate of release A2, always release
Thermal discharge A3With active combustion heat A4；
The value of described raw cigarette parameter includes CO productivity B1、CO2Productivity B2, specific extinction area B3With total raw smoke
B4；
The value of described gas toxicity parameter includes CO concentration C1、CO2Concentration C2With fluoride concentration C3；
The value of described mass change parameter is mass loss rate D1。
As described in Figure 7, set up the matrix in contrast of described detection parameter, and described matrix in contrast is carried out concordance
Inspection；
Use environment and testing requirement according to described ferric phosphate lithium cell assembly configure the index of each described detection parameter
The ratio of weight.
As shown in Figure 8, calculate the weight of each described detection parameter respectively, and by right with it for each described detection parameter
After the multiplied by weight answered accumulative add and, obtain initial stage evaluation and test index；The initial stage evaluation and test index of positive plate is 34.78, negative
The initial stage evaluation and test index of pole piece is 28.58, and the initial stage evaluation and test index of barrier film is 124.45.
Initial stage evaluation and test index described in normalization, obtains the result of the safety evaluation and test index of described ferric phosphate lithium cell assembly；
The safety evaluation and test index of positive plate is 1.2, and the safety evaluation and test index of negative plate is 1.0, the safety evaluation and test of barrier film
Index is 8.4.
Safety grades division and evaluation is carried out according to ferric phosphate lithium cell assembly described in described safety evaluation and test exponent pair,
In the ferric phosphate lithium cell that i.e. certain producer is detected, what safety was minimum is the barrier film of its battery, next to that positive pole and negative pole.
Above example is only in order to illustrate that technical scheme is not intended to limit, although with reference to above-described embodiment pair
The present invention has been described in detail, and those of ordinary skill in the field still can be to the specific embodiment party of the present invention
Formula is modified or equivalent, and these replace without departing from any amendment or the equivalent of spirit and scope of the invention
Change, within the claims of its present invention all awaited the reply in application.
Claims (9)
1. the detection method of a lithium ion battery security, it is characterised in that described method comprises the steps:
Step 1. gathers the detection parameter of lithium-ion battery module to be measured, and described detection parameter includes: flammability parameter,
Raw cigarette parameter, gas toxicity parameter and mass change parameter；
Step 2. calculates the weight of each described detection parameter respectively, and by power corresponding for each described detection parameter
Heavy phase after taking advantage of accumulative add and, obtain initial stage evaluation and test index；
Initial stage evaluation and test index described in step 3. normalization, obtains the safety evaluation and test index of described lithium-ion battery module；
Step 4. carries out safety grades division according to lithium-ion battery module described in described safety evaluation and test exponent pair and comments
Valency.
2. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that before described step 1, including:
A. being disassembled by described lithium-ion battery module as each parts, described parts include positive plate, negative plate and barrier film；
B. described positive plate, negative plate and barrier film are all cut to rectangular sheet, and each overlay anti-electrolyte volatilization container
In so that the mass change of described rectangular sheet is less than himself 1% to 5%；Wherein, the length of described rectangular sheet and
Wide being 5 to 10cm, its thickness is 5 to 10mm.
3. method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that described step 1, including:
1-1. places gas sensor in cone calorimetry；
The rectangular sheet of described positive plate, negative plate and barrier film is put in described cone calorimetry and is measured by 1-2. respectively；
1-3. gathers the flammability parameter of described lithium-ion battery module, raw cigarette parameter, gas toxicity parameter and quality and becomes
Change the value of parameter.
4. method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that in described step 1-2, cone calorimetry is measured
Radiant intensity is 40 to 50Kw/m2, the measurement time is 5 to 20 minutes.
5. method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that described gas sensor includes CO sensor, CO2
Sensor and fluoride sensor.
6. the method as described in any one of claim 1 to 5, it is characterised in that described flammability parameter includes lighting
Time, peak heat rate of release, total release heat and active combustion heat；
Described raw cigarette parameter includes CO productivity, CO2Productivity, specific extinction area and always give birth to smoke；
Described gas toxicity parameter includes CO concentration, CO2Concentration and fluoride concentration；
Described mass change parameter is mass loss rate.
7. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that before described step 2, including:
C. set up the matrix in contrast of described detection parameter, and described matrix in contrast is carried out consistency check；
D. the index of each described detection parameter is configured according to use environment and the testing requirement of described lithium-ion battery module
The ratio of weight.
8. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that in described step 3, evaluates and tests index described in normalization
Method be: by the evaluation and test of described initial stage index and described lithium-ion battery module unit are or the specifications parameter of unit mass
Being divided by, wherein, described specifications parameter is Ah parameter or the Wh parameter of the energy content of battery of battery capacity.
9. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that the rule that the safety grades in described step 4 divides
Being then: described safety evaluation and test exponential quantity is the least, the safety grades of the described lithium-ion battery module that this exponent pair is answered is more
High.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111983469A (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2020-11-24 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Lithium battery safety degree estimation method and device based on voltage safety boundary and temperature safety boundary |
| CN111983466A (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2020-11-24 | 哈尔滨市新量能电气技术有限公司 | Lithium battery safety degree estimation method and device based on voltage and temperature characteristics |
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