CN106289983A - The laser-ultrasound detection device of Studies On Contacts of Rough Surfaces state - Google Patents
The laser-ultrasound detection device of Studies On Contacts of Rough Surfaces state Download PDFInfo
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- CN106289983A CN106289983A CN201610609431.7A CN201610609431A CN106289983A CN 106289983 A CN106289983 A CN 106289983A CN 201610609431 A CN201610609431 A CN 201610609431A CN 106289983 A CN106289983 A CN 106289983A
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- test block
- oil cylinder
- gripper shoe
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0048—Hydraulic means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/0658—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means using acoustic or ultrasonic detectors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0682—Spatial dimension, e.g. length, area, angle
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses the laser-ultrasound detection device of a kind of Studies On Contacts of Rough Surfaces state, test block gripper shoe and oil cylinder gripper shoe to be arranged in parallel, test block gripper shoe and oil cylinder gripper shoe top are connected with top board respectively, and bottom is connected with base plate respectively;Fixture and oil cylinder are arranged between test block gripper shoe and oil cylinder gripper shoe, and wherein fixture is connected with test block gripper shoe, and oil cylinder is connected with oil cylinder gripper shoe;First probe is arranged in the first test block, and the first probe is connected with oscillograph, and the second probe is arranged in the second test block, and the second probe is connected with oscillograph;Oil cylinder is connected with hydraulic pump by oil pipe;Pressing plate, the second test block to be measured and the first test block pass sequentially through fixture and fix.The present invention utilizes compression system to experiment test block imposed load to be measured, it is ensured that the continuous applying in force value of the experiment test block contact surface precompression.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the field tests of Studies On Contacts of Rough Surfaces state, be specifically related to swashing of a kind of Studies On Contacts of Rough Surfaces state
Light ultrasonic sensor.
Background technology
Precision instrument and precision optical machinery are to be required to be assembled according to certain technology by parts, inevitable between parts
Form the surface contacted with each other, the most coarse faying face.Itself there is certain error in geometrical form and microcosmic in coarse faying face
Unevenness, when by dynamic load effect, can produce the micro-displacement with macroscopic view-microscopic characteristics, coarse combination between faying face
The dynamic characteristic of precision instrument and precision optical machinery will be produced a very large impact by this dynamic characteristic in face.Study coarse faying face to move
Step response, it is necessary to consider two rough surface actual contact states.Use the sides such as surface profiler, ultramicroscope and digital hologram
Method can detect rough surface microscopic appearance, but for rough surface microcosmic degree of contact site in contact approach procedure
Research there is presently no generally acknowledged way.
In order to be able to detect rough surface actual contact state, propose to use laser-ultrasound detection Studies On Contacts of Rough Surfaces state
Method.This seminar Yang Hong cutting edge of a knife or a sword uses laser-ultrasound research in Master's thesis " experimentation of Studies On Contacts of Rough Surfaces characteristic "
The method of Studies On Contacts of Rough Surfaces stress, confirms feasible for Studies On Contacts of Rough Surfaces stress studies of laser-ultrasound theoretically
Property, during experiment, contact surface is only with two tools for bolts ' pretension modes, is confined to torque wrench as afterburning mode, easily causes and is subject to
Power is uneven, and experimental result can be produced certain impact.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the laser-ultrasound detection device of a kind of Studies On Contacts of Rough Surfaces state, be particularly well-suited to
Detecting under different precompression effects, two rough surfaces are the microcosmic combination degree of contact surface in contact approach procedure.
The technical solution realizing the object of the invention is: the laser-ultrasound detection dress of a kind of Studies On Contacts of Rough Surfaces state
Put, including compression system, the first probe, the second probe, convex lens, pulse laser, optical table and oscillograph;Described pressurization
System includes test block gripper shoe, top board, oil cylinder gripper shoe, base plate, fixture, pressing plate, oil cylinder and hydraulic pump.
Described pulse laser, convex lens and base plate are connected with optical table respectively;Test block gripper shoe and oil cylinder gripper shoe
Be arrangeding in parallel, test block gripper shoe and oil cylinder gripper shoe top are connected with top board respectively, and bottom is connected with base plate respectively;Fixture and oil
Cylinder is arranged between test block gripper shoe and oil cylinder gripper shoe, and wherein fixture is connected with test block gripper shoe, and oil cylinder supports with oil cylinder
Plate is connected;First probe is arranged in the first test block, and the first probe is connected with oscillograph, and the second probe is arranged on the second test block
On, the second probe is connected with oscillograph;Oil cylinder is connected with hydraulic pump by oil pipe;Pressing plate, the second test block to be measured and the first examination
Block passes sequentially through fixture and fixes, and after the piston rod of oil cylinder stretches out oil cylinder, acts on pressing plate center.
Described pulse laser, convex lens and the second test block are positioned at same straight line, the laser warp that pulse laser sends
After convex lens is assembled, it is incident to the second test block.
The distance of described convex lens and the second test block is the focal length of convex lens.
Described second test block to be measured and the equal one end of the first test block are positioned at fixture, and the other end lays respectively at fixture both sides.
Described fixture is U-shaped, is connected with test block gripper shoe bottom it, and opening is oppositely arranged with oil cylinder, is provided with in fixture
First groove and the second groove, the first groove is near clamp base, and the second groove is near opening, pressing plate, the to be measured second examination
Block and the first test block are successively set in fixture;Second test block and the first test block are stretched into from fixture both sides, both localized contact, its
Contact surface is positioned at the first groove, and pressing plate is arranged in the second groove, and the contact surface of the second test block and pressing plate is positioned at the second groove.
Described fixture, the first test block, the second test block and pressing plate are required to 5 grades of form and position tolerances and 6 class precision grades.
Described first test block and the second test block surface roughness Ra are 0.8 μm ~ 6.3 μm.
Compared with prior art, its remarkable advantage is the present invention:
(1) utilize compression system to experiment test block imposed load to be measured, compared with the pressurization of conventionally employed torque wrench, it is ensured that
The continuous applying in force value of the experiment test block contact surface precompression.
(2) first test blocks and the second test block contact surface embed fixture the first groove, the second test block and pressing plate contact surface and embed
Fixture the second groove, the first groove avoids the first test block and the second test block contact surface, and the second groove avoids the second test block and pressing plate
Contact surface, is susceptible to reflection and the accuracy of experimental result is produced impact when reducing acoustic surface wave propagation.
(3) first exert a force on pressing plate, then exert a force to the first test block and the second test block contact surface by pressing plate, keep away
Exempt from experiment test block to be measured directly to be clashed into and affect the surface roughness of experiment test block to be measured.
(4) first test blocks and the second test block are easily changed, and be applicable to measure different experiment condition (surface roughness,
Contact area, precompression).
(5) apparatus of the present invention are simple to operate, it is easy to assembling, are highly suitable for using laser-ultrasound detection Studies On Contacts of Rough Surfaces
The experimentation of state.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the 3 dimensional drawing of the laser-ultrasound detection device of Studies On Contacts of Rough Surfaces state of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the compression system structure sectional view of the laser-ultrasound detection device of Studies On Contacts of Rough Surfaces state of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the compression system 3 dimensional drawing of the laser-ultrasound detection device of Studies On Contacts of Rough Surfaces state of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is that the top board structure in the compression system of the laser-ultrasound detection device of Studies On Contacts of Rough Surfaces state of the present invention shows
It is intended to.
Fig. 5 is that the clamp structure in the compression system of the laser-ultrasound detection device of Studies On Contacts of Rough Surfaces state of the present invention shows
It is intended to.
Fig. 6 is the surface acoustic wave signal utilizing the laser-ultrasound detection device of Studies On Contacts of Rough Surfaces state of the present invention to work out
The relation that intensity is pressed with face.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the present invention is described in further detail.
In conjunction with Fig. 1 to Fig. 4, the laser-ultrasound detection device of a kind of Studies On Contacts of Rough Surfaces state, including compression system, first
Probe the 11, second probe 12, convex lens 13, pulse laser 14, optical table 15 and oscillograph 16;Described compression system includes
Test block gripper shoe 1, top board 2, oil cylinder gripper shoe 3, base plate 4, fixture 5, pressing plate 8, oil cylinder 9 and hydraulic pump 10.
Described pulse laser 14, convex lens 13 and base plate 4 are connected with optical table 15 respectively;Test block gripper shoe 1 and oil
Cylinder gripper shoe 3 be arranged in parallel, and test block gripper shoe 1 and oil cylinder gripper shoe 3 top are connected with top board 2 respectively, bottom respectively with base plate 4
It is connected;Fixture 5 and oil cylinder 9 are arranged between test block gripper shoe 1 and oil cylinder gripper shoe 3, wherein fixture 5 and test block gripper shoe 1
Being connected, oil cylinder 9 is connected with oil cylinder gripper shoe 3;First probe 11 and the first test block 6 are connected and connect oscillograph 16 by data wire,
Second probe 12 and the second test block 7 are connected and connect oscillograph 16 by data wire;Oil cylinder 9 is connected with hydraulic pump 10 by oil pipe.
Pressing plate 8, the second test block 7 to be measured and the first test block 6 pass sequentially through fixture 5 and fix, and after the piston rod of oil cylinder 9 stretches out oil cylinder 9, make
It is used in pressing plate 8 center.During imposed load, first exert a force on pressing plate 8, then transfer force to the first test block 6 He by pressing plate
Second test block 7 contact surface, it is to avoid experiment test block is directly affected by impact surface roughness and can ensure that uniform force.
Described pulse laser 14, convex lens 13 and the second test block 7 are positioned at same straight line, and pulse laser 14 sends
After laser planoconvex lens 13 is assembled, it is incident to the second test block 7.The distance of described convex lens 13 and the second test block 7 is convex lens 13
Focal length.
Described second test block 7 to be measured and first test block 6 one end are positioned at fixture 5, and the other end lays respectively at fixture 5 liang
Side.
In conjunction with Fig. 5, described fixture 5 is U-shaped, is connected with test block gripper shoe 1 bottom it, and opening is oppositely arranged with oil cylinder 9,
Be provided with the first groove and the second groove in fixture 5, the first groove bottom fixture 5, the second groove near opening, pressing plate 8,
Second test block 7 to be measured and the first test block 6 are successively set in fixture 5;Second test block 7 and the first test block 6 are stretched from fixture 5 both sides
Entering, both localized contact, its contact surface (the most coarse faying face) is positioned at the first groove, and pressing plate 8 is arranged in the second groove, and the
The contact surface of two test blocks 7 and pressing plate 8 is positioned at the second groove.The design of the first groove successfully avoids test block 1 and test block 27
Contact surface, the design of the second groove successfully avoids the second test block 7 and the contact surface of pressing plate 8.Reduce acoustic surface wave propagation
Time be susceptible to reflection and the accuracy of experimental result produced impact.
Described fixture the 5, first test block 6 and the second test block 7 are required to 5 grades of form and position tolerances and 6 class precision grades.
Described first test block 6 and the second test block 7 surface roughness Ra are 0.8 μm ~ 6.3 μm.
Embodiment 1
Being rectangular structure with the first test block 6 and the second test block 7, material is four or five steel, it is desirable to 5 grades of form and position tolerances and 6 grades of essences
Spend grade, and the first test block 6 and the second test block 7 length × width x thickness are 90mm × 20mm × 5mm, roughness requirements four etc.
Level: 0.8 μm, 1.6 μm, 3.2 μm, 6.3 μm, as a example by convex lens 13 focal length is 50mm.
In conjunction with Fig. 1 to Fig. 6, the laser-ultrasound detection device of a kind of Studies On Contacts of Rough Surfaces state, including compression system, first
Probe the 11, second probe 12, convex lens 13, pulse laser 14, optical table 15 and oscillograph 16;Described compression system includes
Test block gripper shoe 1, top board 2, oil cylinder gripper shoe 3, base plate 4, fixture the 5, first test block the 6, second test block 7, pressing plate 8, oil cylinder 9 and liquid
Press pump 10.Described pulse laser 14, convex lens 13 and base plate 4 are connected with optical table 15 respectively.
Base plate 4 is rectangular structure, is provided with 14 and installs through hole, fix chain by screw and optical table bottom base plate 4
Connecing, its top has two symmetrical rectangular recess, has two waist type countersunk head through holes, be used in two rectangular recess
Fixing connection test block gripper shoe 1 and oil cylinder gripper shoe 3.
Test block gripper shoe 1 is rectangular structure, respectively opens two screwed holes, test block at the top of test block gripper shoe 1 and bottom
Embed in the rectangular recess on the left of base plate 4 bottom gripper shoe 1, and be connected with test block gripper shoe 1 by screw.Test block gripper shoe 1
Sidewall has 4 through holes for stationary fixture 5.
In conjunction with Fig. 4, top board 2 is rectangular structure, and two symmetrical rectangular recess are opened in its bottom surface, in two rectangular recess
Having two waist type countersunk head through holes, test block gripper shoe 1 top embeds in the rectangular recess on the left of top board 2, and passes through screw
It is connected with top board 2.
Oil cylinder gripper shoe 3 is rectangular structure, respectively opens two screwed holes, oil cylinder in the bottom of oil cylinder gripper shoe 3 and top
Embed in the rectangular recess on the right side of base plate 4 bottom gripper shoe 3, and be connected with oil cylinder gripper shoe 3 by screw.Oil cylinder gripper shoe 3
Top embeds in the rectangular recess on the right side of top board 2, and is connected with oil cylinder gripper shoe 3 by screw.Oil cylinder gripper shoe 3 sidewall opens 4
Individual through hole, connects oil cylinder 9 for fixing.
In conjunction with Fig. 5, fixture 5 is U-shaped, is connected with test block gripper shoe 1 bottom it, and opening is oppositely arranged with oil cylinder 9, fixture
Being provided with the first groove and the second groove in 5, the first groove is bottom fixture 5, and the second groove is near opening, pressing plate 8, to be measured
The second test block 7 and the first test block 6 be successively set in fixture 5;Second test block 7 and the first test block 6 are stretched into from fixture 5 both sides,
Both localized contact, its contact surface is positioned at the first groove, and pressing plate 8 is arranged in the second groove, and the second test block 7 and pressing plate 8
Contact surface is positioned at the second groove.
Described second test block 7 to be measured and first test block 6 one end are positioned at fixture 5, and the other end lays respectively at fixture 5 liang
Side.The first test block 6 and position of the second test block 7 is adjusted according to the required contact area size of experiment.First probe 11 is arranged on the
In one test block 6, the first probe 11 is connected with oscillograph 16, and the second probe 12 is arranged in the second test block 7, second pop one's head in 12 with show
Ripple device 16 connects.
Pressing plate 8 is rectangular structure, it is desirable to 5 grades of form and position tolerances and 6 class precision grades, pressing plate 8 is embedded into folder according to tolerance
In second groove of tool 5, reserved 1mm activity space on the right side of the second groove.During oil cylinder 9 imposed load, power is first applied by piston rod
On pressing plate 8, then transfer force to the first test block 6 and contact surface of the second test block 7 by pressing plate 8, it is to avoid experiment test block is direct
It is affected by impact surface roughness and can ensure that uniform force.
Compression system installation steps are as follows:
Fixture 5 is fixed by screws in test block gripper shoe 1;Oil cylinder 9 is fixed by screws in oil cylinder gripper shoe 3;Oil cylinder 9 leads to
Cross oil pipe fixing connection hydraulic pump 10;Test block gripper shoe 1 and oil cylinder gripper shoe 3 are respectively embedded in the rectangular recess of base plate 4, and
It is screwed connection;Top board 2 covers in test block gripper shoe 1 and oil cylinder gripper shoe 3, and connects by screw is fixing;Pressing plate 8 is put
Enter in the second groove of fixture 5, and the piston rod of center alignment oil cylinder 9;Fixture 5 and pressure are put in first test block 6 and the second test block 7
Between plate 8, adjust the first test block 6 and the second test block 7 to correct position according to requirement of experiment.
The experiment flow of the laser-ultrasound detection device of Studies On Contacts of Rough Surfaces state of the present invention is as follows:
Step 1: adjust the height of convex lens 13, make in pulse laser 14 laser output, convex lens 13 and the second test block 7
The heart is on a horizontal line, and ensures that the second test block 7 is convex lens 13 focal length apart from convex lens 13 center.
Step 2: choose according to the surface roughness needed for experiment and suitably test test block (the i.e. first test block 6 and the second examination
Block 7), and they are put between fixture 5 and pressing plate 8, according to the first test block 6 and contact surface of the second test block 7 of requirement of experiment
Long-pending adjustment the first test block 6 and position of the second test block 7.
Step 3: be respectively mounted the first probe 11 and second on the noncontact face of the first test block 6 and the second test block 7 respectively
Probe 12, and access oscillograph 16.
Step 4: change hydraulic system internal pressure by hydraulic pump 10, promotes oil cylinder 9 piston rod first to pressure is applied to
On pressing plate 8, then transfer force to the first test block 6 and contact surface of the second test block 7 by pressing plate 8, complete the first test block 6 and the
The contact surface pressurization of two test blocks 7, adjusts electromagnetic valve according to required precompression.
Step 5: open pulse laser 14, adjusts pulse laser 14 output voltage size, single pulse energy and output
The frequency of laser, after the laser planoconvex lens 13 making pulse laser 14 send is assembled, is incident to the second test block 7.
Step 6: utilize oscillograph 16 observation experiment phenomenon, and record relevant experimental data.
Step 7: required according to experiment, changes experiment condition (surface roughness, contact area, precompression), so circulates
Step 2 is to step 6.
Step 8: combine Fig. 6, according to experiment gained, along with the increase of experiment test block contact surface face pressure, surface acoustic wave signal
The variation tendency of intensity declines for first increasing again, and reaches maximum at certain face pressure middle, and the change of surface acoustic wave signal intensity
Change trend will not change along with excitation energy and the change of other empirical factors.
Claims (7)
1. the laser-ultrasound detection device of a Studies On Contacts of Rough Surfaces state, it is characterised in that: include compression system, the first probe
(11), the second probe (12), convex lens (13), pulse laser (14), optical table (15) and oscillograph (16);Described pressurization
System include test block gripper shoe (1), top board (2), oil cylinder gripper shoe (3), base plate (4), fixture (5), pressing plate (8), oil cylinder (9) and
Hydraulic pump (10);
Described pulse laser (14), convex lens (13) and base plate (4) are connected with optical table (15) respectively;Test block gripper shoe
(1) be arrangeding in parallel with oil cylinder gripper shoe (3), test block gripper shoe (1) and oil cylinder gripper shoe (3) top are connected with top board (2) respectively,
Bottom is connected with base plate (4) respectively;Fixture (5) and oil cylinder (9) be arranged at test block gripper shoe (1) and oil cylinder gripper shoe (3) it
Between, wherein fixture (5) is connected with test block gripper shoe (1), and oil cylinder (9) is connected with oil cylinder gripper shoe (3);First probe (11) is arranged
In the first test block (6), the first probe (11) is connected with oscillograph (16), and the second probe (12) is arranged in the second test block (7),
Second probe (12) is connected with oscillograph (16);Oil cylinder (9) is connected with hydraulic pump (10) by oil pipe;Pressing plate (8), to be measured
Two test blocks (7) and the first test block (6) pass sequentially through fixture (5) and fix, and after the piston rod of oil cylinder (9) stretches out oil cylinder (9), act on
Pressing plate (8) center.
The laser-ultrasound detection device of Studies On Contacts of Rough Surfaces state the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described arteries and veins
Rush laser instrument (14), convex lens (13) and the second test block (7) and be positioned at same straight line, the laser warp that pulse laser (14) sends
After convex lens (13) is assembled, it is incident to the second test block (7).
The laser-ultrasound detection device of Studies On Contacts of Rough Surfaces state the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: described convex
Lens (13) and the focal length that distance is convex lens (13) of the second test block (7).
The laser-ultrasound detection device of Studies On Contacts of Rough Surfaces state the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that treat described in:
The second test block (7) surveyed and the first test block (6) all one end are positioned at fixture (5), and the other end lays respectively at fixture (5) both sides.
The laser-ultrasound detection device of Studies On Contacts of Rough Surfaces state the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described folder
Tool (5) is U-shaped, is connected with test block gripper shoe (1) bottom it, and opening is oppositely arranged with oil cylinder (9), is provided with the in fixture (5)
One groove and the second groove, the first groove near fixture (5) bottom, the second groove near opening, pressing plate (8), to be measured the
Two test blocks (7) and the first test block (6) are successively set in fixture (5);Second test block (7) and the first test block (6) are from fixture (5) two
Side is stretched into, both localized contact, and its contact surface is positioned at the first groove, and pressing plate (8) is arranged in the second groove, and the second test block
And the contact surface of pressing plate (8) is positioned at the second groove (7).
The laser-ultrasound detection device of Studies On Contacts of Rough Surfaces state the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described folder
Tool (5), the first test block (6), the second test block (7) and pressing plate (8) are required to 5 grades of form and position tolerances and 6 class precision grades.
The laser-ultrasound detection device of Studies On Contacts of Rough Surfaces state the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
One test block (6) and the second test block (7) surface roughness Ra are 0.8 μm ~ 6.3 μm.
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CN108645583A (en) * | 2018-05-16 | 2018-10-12 | 西安交通大学 | One kind being fitted to each other face normal direction contact damping high-precision detection device and method |
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