CN106289781A - Railroad vehicle bearing fault on-line measuring device and method - Google Patents
Railroad vehicle bearing fault on-line measuring device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106289781A CN106289781A CN201610911431.2A CN201610911431A CN106289781A CN 106289781 A CN106289781 A CN 106289781A CN 201610911431 A CN201610911431 A CN 201610911431A CN 106289781 A CN106289781 A CN 106289781A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
- G01M13/04—Bearings
- G01M13/045—Acoustic or vibration analysis
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M17/00—Testing of vehicles
- G01M17/08—Railway vehicles
- G01M17/10—Suspensions, axles or wheels
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of railroad vehicle bearing fault on-line measuring device and method, including: low noise track, it is positioned on the path of railroad vehicle process to be detected；Vibrating sensing module, including at least one vibrating sensor unit and signal output part, vibrating sensing module is positioned on low noise track；Microphone module, including at least one microphone unit and signal output part, microphone module is positioned at low noise track side and the position near vibrating sensing module；Data processing module, including signal input part and signal output part；The signal input part of data processing module is connected with the signal output part of vibrating sensing module and the signal output part of microphone module.The present invention can effectively promote bearing fault detection rate, reduces the probability that bearing fault is failed to report.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of track traffic, be specifically related to a kind of railroad vehicle bearing fault on-line measuring device and side
Method.
Background technology
In all kinds of faults affecting rail traffic vehicles safe operation, bearing fault be topmost fault type it
One.Train bearing is the important component part of bogie, and its dead load and dynamic loading are big, and operating mode is severe, long-term work in
In high/low temperature, vibration, shock environment.General lorry has hundreds of bearings, string passenger train the most at least tens bearings,
Any one bearing breaks down and is likely to affect the transportation safety of permutation car, easily causes wheel shaft, axle sleeve, bearing or wheel
Fracture, in turn results in train derailment.According to statistics, in breaking of axle accident, mostly caused by bearing fault.Therefore, row
Car runs high to the security requirement of single bearing, and the train bearing thus brought safeguards that pressure is bigger.
High efficiency, low false-alarm, low fail to report, the bearing incipient fault detection means of low cost, can far early than bearing therefore
The fault budding period of barrier expiration date or progressive stage, can find the off-note of bearing, and on-call maintenance or replacing, to promote maintenance
Efficiency, ensures train operating safety.
At present, the bearing incipient fault detection of train bearing mainly has off-line diagnostic method, vehicle-mounted inline diagnosis method, rail
Other inline diagnosis method etc..As traditional online test method, off-line diagnostic method kind is a lot, despite helping find early
Phase fault, but the most time-consuming, laborious, and detection efficiency is low.Owing to need to monitor each bearing runing train on circuit simultaneously,
Vehicle-mounted inline diagnosis method must install sensor and the monitoring device of substantial amounts, the data volume thus brought greatly, comprehensively should
Many difficult problems such as and plant maintenance pressure high with cost is big, and owing to whole monitoring device is more complicated, fault misdescription, fail to report several
Rate is also greatly increased.
Being different from carring method, trackside inline diagnosis method through out-of-date, utilizes trackside equipment to believe bearing fault at train
Number measure, judge the state of bearing.The spy that trackside inline diagnosis method has integrated application low cost, detection efficiency is high
Point, mainly has trackside temperature detection and trackside acoustic detection method.Wherein, trackside temperature detection is to initial failure discrimination relatively
Low, therefore actual effect is limited.The sound sensing module that trackside acoustic detection technology is other by being installed on train rail, in advancing
The bearing acoustical signal of train gathers, and the acoustical signal feature collected and typical fault-signal feature is compared, thus
The running status of each train bearing of process is carried out routine evaluation, completes the on-line checking to train bearing with this.But
It is, owing to bearing fault acoustical signal directly cannot gather as vehicle-mounted detection method, to be vulnerable to environment noise and train driving
The interference of noise, there is the problem that false alarm rate is high and fault recognition rate is relatively low in the method.
Summary of the invention
The shortcoming of prior art in view of the above, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of railroad vehicle bearing fault and exists
Line detector and method, be used for solving off-line diagnostic method of the prior art, vehicle-mounted inline diagnosis method, trackside are examined online
It is time-consuming, laborious that disconnected method exists, and detection efficiency is low, monitoring device is more complicated, fault misdescription, fails to report that probability is high, be vulnerable to ring
Border noise and the interference of train driving noise, have that false alarm rate is high and the problem such as fault recognition rate is relatively low.
For achieving the above object and other relevant purposes, the present invention provides a kind of railroad vehicle bearing fault on-line checking dress
Putting, described railroad vehicle bearing fault on-line measuring device includes: low noise track, is positioned at the road of railroad vehicle process to be detected
On footpath；Vibrating sensing module, including at least one vibrating sensor unit and signal output part, described vibrating sensing module is positioned at
On described low noise track, be suitable to gather the bearing fault solid acoustic signals of described railroad vehicle to be detected；Microphone module, bag
Including at least one microphone unit and signal output part, described microphone module is positioned at described low noise track side and near institute
State the position of vibrating sensing module, be suitable to gather the bearing fault air-borne sound signal of described railroad vehicle to be detected；Data process
Module, including signal input part and signal output part；The signal input part of described data processing module and described vibrating sensing mould
The signal output part of block and the signal output part of described microphone module are connected, and are suitable to according to described vibrating sensing module collection
Bearing fault solid acoustic signals and the bearing fault air-borne sound signal evaluation bearing of described microphone module collection break down
Probability.
As a kind of preferred version of the railroad vehicle bearing fault on-line measuring device of the present invention, described data process mould
Block is positioned near described vibrating sensing module and described microphone module；Described railroad vehicle bearing fault on-line measuring device is also
Including: data transmission module, described data transmission module includes signal input part and signal output part；Described data transmission module
Signal input part be connected with the signal input part of described data processing module, the signal output part of described data transmission module
It is connected with a remote terminal, is suitable to send to described remote terminal the assessment result of described data processing module.
As a kind of preferred version of the railroad vehicle bearing fault on-line measuring device of the present invention, described railroad vehicle axle
Hold On-line Fault Detection device and also include that vehicle approach signal receiver module, described vehicle approach signal receiver module include signal
Outfan, the described signal output part of vehicle approach signal receiver module is connected with the input of described data processing module.
As a kind of preferred version of the railroad vehicle bearing fault on-line measuring device of the present invention, described vehicle is close to letter
Number receiver module includes the one in radio-frequency (RF) tag reader, axle count sensor, wireless communication transceiver or any two kinds or two
Plant above combination.
As a kind of preferred version of the railroad vehicle bearing fault on-line measuring device of the present invention, described railroad vehicle axle
Hold On-line Fault Detection device also to include: data transmission module；Described data processing module be positioned at described vibrating sensing module and
The far-end of described microphone module, the signal input part of described data processing module shakes with described via described data transmission module
The dynamic signal output part of sensing module and the signal output part of described microphone module are connected；Described data transmission module includes
Signal input part and signal output part；The signal input part of described data transmission module is defeated with the signal of described vibrating sensing module
The signal output part going out end and described microphone module is connected, the signal output part of described data transmission module and described data
The signal input part of processing module is connected, and is suitable to bearing fault solid acoustic signals and the institute described vibrating sensing module gathered
State the bearing fault air-borne sound signal transmission extremely described data processing module that microphone module gathers.
As a kind of preferred version of the railroad vehicle bearing fault on-line measuring device of the present invention, described railroad vehicle axle
Hold On-line Fault Detection device and also include that data acquisition pretreatment module, described data acquisition pretreatment module include multiple signal
Input and signal output part, the signal input part of described data acquisition pretreatment module respectively with described vibrating sensing module
The signal output part of signal output part and described microphone module is connected, the signal output of described data acquisition pretreatment module
End is connected with the signal input part of described data transmission module, and the bearing fault being suitable to gather described vibrating sensing module is solid
The bearing fault air-borne sound signals collecting of body acoustical signal and described microphone module collection is also compressed pretreatment.
As a kind of preferred version of the railroad vehicle bearing fault on-line measuring device of the present invention, described railroad vehicle axle
Hold On-line Fault Detection device and also include that vehicle approach signal receiver module, described vehicle approach signal receiver module include signal
Outfan, the signal output part of described vehicle approach signal receiver module and the input phase of described data acquisition pretreatment module
Connect.
As a kind of preferred version of the railroad vehicle bearing fault on-line measuring device of the present invention, described vehicle is close to letter
Number receiver module includes the one in radio-frequency (RF) tag reader, axle count sensor, wireless communication transceiver or any two kinds or two
Plant above combination.
As a kind of preferred version of the railroad vehicle bearing fault on-line measuring device of the present invention, described low noise track
For the track through noise reduction process.
As a kind of preferred version of the railroad vehicle bearing fault on-line measuring device of the present invention, described vibrating sensing list
Unit include piezoelectric vibration pickup, electric vortex type vibrating sensor, induction type vibration sensor, condenser type vibrating sensor,
One in resistance-type vibrating sensor, photoelectric vibrating sensor, electrodynamic type vibrating sensor or any two kinds or two kinds with
On combination.
As a kind of preferred version of the railroad vehicle bearing fault on-line measuring device of the present invention, described microphone unit
Including the one in condenser microphone, piezoelectric microphone, dynamical microphone, electret microphone or any two kinds or two kinds with
On combination.
The present invention also provides for a kind of detection based on the on-line measuring device of railroad vehicle bearing fault described in such scheme
Method, described detection method comprises the following steps:
1) at described railroad vehicle to be detected through described low noise track, described vibrating sensing module is used to gather institute
State the bearing fault solid acoustic signals of railroad vehicle to be detected, and use described microphone module to gather described railcar to be detected
Bearing fault air-borne sound signal；
2) use described data processing module empty with described bearing fault by assessing described bearing fault solid acoustic signals
The probability that the correlation prediction bearing of gas acoustical signal breaks down.
As a kind of preferred version of the railroad vehicle bearing fault online test method of the present invention, step 2) include as follows
Step:
2-1) use described data processing module respectively according to described bearing fault solid acoustic signals and described bearing fault
Air-borne sound signal calculates initial bearing specific fault odds Ps and Pa；
Described data processing module 2-2) is used to extract described bearing fault solid acoustic signals and described bearing fault respectively
The signal characteristic of air-borne sound signal；
2-3) use described data processing module calculation bearing fault solid acoustic signals and bearing fault air-borne sound signal two
Correlation coefficient Cj between each signal characteristic of person (j=1,2 ..., n, 0 < Cj < 1) and the arithmetic mean of instantaneous value of described correlation coefficient
C；
2-4) use described data processing module calculation bearing specific fault odds P=C* (Ps+Pa-Ps*Pa).
As a kind of preferred version of the railroad vehicle bearing fault online test method of the present invention, in step 2-2) in,
Described bearing fault solid acoustic signals and described bearing fault air-borne sound signal signal characteristic include: the frequency domain of signal is special
Levy, the temporal signatures of signal and the time-frequency characteristics of signal.
As a kind of preferred version of the railroad vehicle bearing fault online test method of the present invention, in step 2) in, institute
State data processing module to be positioned near described vibrating sensing module and described microphone module；Described step 2) also include leading to afterwards
Cross data transmission module by described step 2) result that judges sends the step to distance terminal.
As a kind of preferred version of the railroad vehicle bearing fault online test method of the present invention, in step 2) in, institute
State data processing module and be positioned at described vibrating sensing module and described microphone module far-end；Described step 1) and described step 2)
Between also include using the bearing fault solid acoustic signals that described vibrating sensing module gathered of data transmission module and described biography
The bearing fault air-borne sound signal that sound device module gathers sends the step to described data processing module.
As a kind of preferred version of the railroad vehicle bearing fault online test method of the present invention, use data transmission mould
Bearing fault solid acoustic signals and the bearing fault of described microphone module collection that described vibrating sensing module is gathered by block are empty
Gas acoustical signal sent before described data processing module, also included that Usage data collection pretreatment module is by described vibrating sensing
The bearing fault solid acoustic signals of module collection and the bearing fault air-borne sound signals collecting of described microphone module collection are gone forward side by side
The step of row compression pretreatment.
As a kind of preferred version of the railroad vehicle bearing fault online test method of the present invention, in step 1) the most also
The described railroad vehicle to be detected step close to situation is detected, when described vehicle connects including by vehicle approach signal receiver module
When nearly signal receiving module receives the approach signal of described railroad vehicle to be detected, perform step 1).
As it has been described above, the railroad vehicle bearing fault on-line measuring device of the present invention and method, have the advantages that
The present invention is by arranging vibrating sensing module and microphone module, and when the bearing fault of railroad vehicle, fault can cause bearing
The vibration of structure, bearing arrangement vibration was both collected by microphone module by air path, can be shaken by structural path again
Dynamic sensing module collects, and obviously associates so the signal that vibrating sensing module collects with microphone module has
Property, the probability utilizing the Relevance evaluation bearing of the two signal collected to break down, can effectively promote bearing fault inspection
Survey rate, reduces the probability that bearing fault is failed to report.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is shown as in the embodiment of the present invention one knot of the railroad vehicle bearing fault on-line measuring device provided
Structure block diagram.
Fig. 3 is shown as in the embodiment of the present invention one operation principle of the railroad vehicle bearing fault on-line measuring device provided
Schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 is shown as in the embodiment of the present invention two knot of the railroad vehicle bearing fault on-line measuring device provided
Structure block diagram.
Fig. 6 is shown as in the embodiment of the present invention three the steps flow chart schematic diagram of the detection method provided.
Element numbers explanation
01 low noise track
02 vibrating sensing module
03 microphone module
04 data processing module
05 data transmission module
06 vehicle approach signal receiver module
07 data acquisition pretreatment module
The bearing of 10 railroad vehicles
The axle box of 11 railroad vehicles
The wheel of 12 railroad vehicles
The axletree of 13 railroad vehicles
14 impedance bundary modules
15 fault sound sources
20 knocking noise structure bang paths
21 knocking noise air bang paths
Detailed description of the invention
Below by way of specific instantiation, embodiments of the present invention being described, those skilled in the art can be by this specification
Disclosed content understands other advantages and effect of the present invention easily.The present invention can also be by the most different concrete realities
The mode of executing is carried out or applies, the every details in this specification can also based on different viewpoints and application, without departing from
Various modification or change is carried out under the spirit of the present invention.
Refer to Fig. 1～Fig. 6.It should be noted that the diagram provided in the present embodiment illustrates this most in a schematic way
The basic conception of invention, though package count when only showing the assembly relevant with the present invention rather than implement according to reality in Tu Shi
Mesh, shape and size are drawn, and during its actual enforcement, the kenel of each assembly, quantity and ratio can be a kind of random change, and its
Assembly layout kenel is likely to increasingly complex.
Embodiment one
Referring to Fig. 1, the present invention provides a kind of railroad vehicle bearing fault on-line measuring device, described railroad vehicle bearing
On-line Fault Detection device includes: low noise track 01, and described low noise track 01 is positioned at the road of railroad vehicle process to be detected
On footpath；Vibrating sensing module 02, described vibrating sensing module 02 includes at least one vibrating sensor unit and signal output part,
Described vibrating sensing module 02 is positioned on described low noise track 01, is suitable to gather the bearing fault of described railroad vehicle to be detected
Solid acoustic signals；Microphone module 03, described microphone module 03 includes at least one microphone unit and signal output part, institute
State microphone module 03 and be positioned at described low noise track 01 side and the position near described vibrating sensing module 02, be suitable to gather
The bearing fault air-borne sound signal of described railroad vehicle to be detected；Data processing module 04, described data processing module 04 includes
Signal input part and signal output part；The signal input part of described data processing module 04 and the letter of described vibrating sensing module 02
The signal output part of number outfan and described microphone module 03 is connected, and is suitable to gather according to described vibrating sensing module 02
The bearing fault air-borne sound signal evaluation bearing that bearing fault solid acoustic signals and described microphone module 03 gather breaks down
Probability.
As example, described data processing module 04 is positioned at described vibrating sensing module 02 and described microphone module 03 is attached
Closely, being i.e. positioned near described low noise track 01, described data processing module 04 is suitable at the scene (the most described vibrating sensing module
02 and described microphone module 03 place at) according to described vibrating sensing module 02 gather bearing fault solid acoustic signals and institute
State the probability that the bearing fault air-borne sound signal evaluation bearing of microphone module 03 collection breaks down；Described railroad vehicle bearing
On-line Fault Detection device also includes that data transmission module 05, described data transmission module 05 include that signal input part and signal are defeated
Go out end；The signal input part of described data transmission module 05 is connected with the signal input part of described data processing module, described
Signal output part and a remote terminal of data transmission module 05 are connected, and are suitable to tie the assessment of described data processing module 04
Fruit sends to described remote terminal, as shown in Figure 2.
As example, the signal output part of described data transmission module 05 with remote terminal can be but be not limited only to wireless
Connect, described data transmission module 05 can by but by described data processing module by the way of being not limited only to network data transmission
The assessment result of 04 sends to described remote terminal.
It should be noted that described remote terminal can be to be located remotely from described vibrating sensing module 02 and described microphone
Module 03 region, the terminal unit that is suitable to policer operation, described remote terminal can commenting described data processing module 04
That estimates visual result is shown to policer operation personnel.
As example, described railroad vehicle bearing fault on-line measuring device also includes vehicle approach signal receiver module
06, described vehicle approach signal receiver module 06 includes signal output part, the signal of described vehicle approach signal receiver module 06
Outfan is connected with the input of described data processing module 04, is suitable at vehicle through out-of-date generation vehicle approach signal, and
Described signal is sent to described data processing module 04；Described data processing module 04 receives described vehicle approach signal and connects
After receiving the signal that module 06 sends, control described vibrating sensing module 02 and relevant letter is opened and collected to described microphone module 03
Number.
As example, described vehicle approach signal receiver module 06 includes radio-frequency (RF) tag reader, axle count sensor, wireless
A kind of in communication transceiver or arbitrarily two or more combination.
As example, described low noise track 01 can be the track through noise reduction process, such as, and described low noise track
01 can be the track processed through surface free damping, it is also possible to for the track processed through damping-constraining.
As example, described vibrating sensing unit 02 includes piezoelectric vibration pickup, electric vortex type vibrating sensor, electricity
Sense formula vibrating sensor, condenser type vibrating sensor, resistance-type vibrating sensor, photoelectric vibrating sensor, electrodynamic type vibrate
A kind of in sensor or arbitrarily two or more combination.
As example, described microphone unit 03 includes condenser microphone, piezoelectric microphone, dynamical microphone, electret
A kind of in body microphone or arbitrarily two or more combination.
The operation principle of the described railroad vehicle bearing fault on-line measuring device in the present embodiment is: due to major part axle
The fault held all can cause the vibration of bearing arrangement, and the radiative acoustic wave that bearing arrangement vibration causes can be by air to described low
Noise track 01 is propagated relatively remote, is i.e. adopted by the described microphone module 03 that described low noise track 01 is other by air path
Collection；And bearing arrangement vibration can also be delivered on described low noise track 01 by the contact of wheel and rail simultaneously, i.e. structure
Path, can be by the fault of indirect " auscultation " bearing of described vibrating sensing module 02 being arranged on rail.Concrete, such as figure
Shown in 3, the wheel 12 of railroad vehicle is via the bearing 10 of railroad vehicle and the axle box 11 of railroad vehicle and described railroad vehicle
Axletree 13 is connected, when railroad vehicle is through described low noise track 01 (with described low noise track 01 at overdamp
The track of reason, and track is provided with impedance bundary module 14, described impedance bundary module 14 can be free damping processing module
Or damping-constraining processing module), if there is fault in the bearing 10 of described railroad vehicle, bearing 10 structure of described railroad vehicle
Vibration can cause radiative acoustic wave, i.e. as it is shown on figure 3, fault sound source 15 can be formed in the bearing 10 of described railroad vehicle；Described
Fault sound source 15 can pass through the bearing 10 of described railroad vehicle, the axletree 13 of described railroad vehicle, the car of described railroad vehicle
The knocking noise structure bang path 20 that wheel 12 and described low noise track 01 are constituted is transferred to described vibrating sensing module 02, with
Time, described fault sound source 15 can also be by passing by knocking noise air after the sound radiating surface of the axle box 11 of described railroad vehicle
Pass path 21 and be transferred to described microphone module 03；The number that described vibrating sensing module 02 and described microphone module 03 are collected
According to transmission to described data processing module 04, after described data processing module 4 is assessed, assessment result is passed via described data
Defeated module 05 is sent to remote terminal.The bearing received due to described air bang path 21 and described structure bang path 21
Fault-signal source is consistent, and simply signaling path is different, so fault-signal has obviously on specific features
Relatedness, utilizes the relatedness of both difference path signals, can effectively promote bearing fault detection rate, and reduce fault leakage
The probability of report.
Embodiment two
Referring to Fig. 4, the present embodiment also provides for a kind of railroad vehicle bearing fault on-line measuring device, described railroad vehicle
Bearing fault on-line measuring device includes: low noise track 01, and described low noise track 01 is positioned at railroad vehicle to be detected to be passed through
Path on；Vibrating sensing module 02, described vibrating sensing module 02 includes that at least one vibrating sensor unit and signal are defeated
Going out end, described vibrating sensing module 02 is positioned on described low noise track 01, is suitable to gather the axle of described railroad vehicle to be detected
Hold fault solid acoustic signals；Microphone module 03, described microphone module 03 includes that at least one microphone unit and signal are defeated
Going out end, described microphone module 03 is positioned at described low noise track 01 side and the position near described vibrating sensing module 02,
Be suitable to gather the bearing fault air-borne sound signal of described railroad vehicle to be detected；Described data transmission module 05 includes that signal inputs
End and signal output part；The signal input part of described data transmission module 05 and the signal output part of described vibrating sensing module 02
And the signal output part of described microphone module 03 is connected, be suitable to transmit the bearing fault that described vibrating sensing module 02 gathers
The bearing fault air-borne sound signal that solid acoustic signals and described microphone module 03 gather；Data processing module 04, described data
Processing module 04 is positioned at the far-end of described vibrating sensor module 02 and described microphone module 03 (i.e. away from described vibrating sensing
Device module 02 and the position of described microphone module 03), described data processing module 04 includes signal input part and signal output
End；The signal input part of described data processing module 04 is connected with the signal output part of described data transmission module 05, is suitable to
The bearing fault solid acoustic signals and described that the described vibrating sensing module 02 transmitted according to described data transmission module 05 gathers
The probability that the bearing fault air-borne sound signal evaluation bearing that microphone module 03 gathers breaks down.
As example, the signal output part of described data transmission module 05 and described data processing module 04 can be but not
Be only limitted to wireless connections, described data transmission module 05 can by but shake described by the way of being not limited only to network data transmission
Bearing fault solid acoustic signals and the bearing fault air-borne sound of described microphone module 03 collection that dynamic sensing module 02 gathers are believed
Number it is sent to described data processing module 04.
As example, described low noise track 01 can be the track through noise reduction process, such as, and described low noise track
01 can be the track processed through surface free damping, it is also possible to for the track processed through damping-constraining.
As example, described vibrating sensing unit 02 includes piezoelectric vibration pickup, electric vortex type vibrating sensor, electricity
Sense formula vibrating sensor, condenser type vibrating sensor, resistance-type vibrating sensor, photoelectric vibrating sensor, electrodynamic type vibrate
A kind of in sensor or arbitrarily two or more combination.
As example, described microphone unit 03 includes condenser microphone, piezoelectric microphone, dynamical microphone, electret
A kind of in body microphone or arbitrarily two or more combination.
As example, as it is shown in figure 5, described railroad vehicle bearing fault on-line measuring device also includes that data acquisition is located in advance
Reason module 07, described data acquisition pretreatment module 07 includes multiple signal input part and signal output part, described data acquisition
The signal input part of pretreatment module 07 respectively with signal output part and the described microphone module of described vibrating sensing module 02
The signal output part of 03 is connected, the signal output part of described data acquisition pretreatment module 07 and described data transmission module 05
Signal input part be connected, be suitable to the bearing fault solid acoustic signals that described vibrating sensing module 02 gathered and described transaudient
Device module 03 gather bearing fault air-borne sound signals collecting and be compressed pretreatment.
As example, described railroad vehicle bearing fault on-line measuring device also includes vehicle approach signal receiver module
06, described vehicle approach signal receiver module 06 includes signal output part, the signal of described vehicle approach signal receiver module 06
Outfan is connected with the input of described data acquisition pretreatment module 07, is suitable at vehicle through the close letter of out-of-date generation vehicle
Number, and described signal is sent to described data acquisition pretreatment module 07；Described data acquisition pretreatment module 07 receives
After the signal that described vehicle approach signal receiver module 06 sends, control described vibrating sensing module 02 and described microphone module
03 opens and collects coherent signal.
As example, described vehicle approach signal receiver module 06 includes radio-frequency (RF) tag reader, axle count sensor, wireless
A kind of in communication transceiver or arbitrarily two or more combination.
In the operation principle of the described railroad vehicle bearing fault on-line measuring device in the present embodiment and embodiment one
The operation principle of described railroad vehicle bearing fault on-line measuring device is roughly the same, and the difference of the two is: in embodiment one,
The data transmission that described vibrating sensing module 02 and described microphone module 03 are collected is to described data processing module 04, through institute
After stating data processing module 4 assessment, assessment result is sent to remote terminal via described data transmission module 05；And this enforcement
In example, the data that described vibrating sensing module 02 and described microphone module 03 are collected are directly via described data transmission module
The 05 described data processing module 04 being sent to be positioned at far-end is estimated, or described vibrating sensing module 02 and described microphone
After the data that module 03 is collected compress pretreatment via described data acquisition pretreatment module 07, transmit via described data
Module 05 is sent to be positioned at the described data processing module 04 of far-end and is estimated.Similarly, since described air bang path 21
Consistent with the bearing fault signal source that described structure bang path 21 receives, simply signaling path is different, so therefore
Barrier signal has obviously relatedness on specific features, utilizes the relatedness of both difference path signals, Ke Yiyou
Effect promotes bearing fault detection rate, and reduces the probability that fault is failed to report.
Embodiment three
Referring to Fig. 6, the present embodiment provides a kind of railroad vehicle bearing fault online test method, described detection method base
In the railroad vehicle bearing fault on-line measuring device described in embodiment one or embodiment two, described detection method includes following
Step:
1) at described railroad vehicle to be detected through described low noise track, described vibrating sensing module is used to gather institute
State the bearing fault solid acoustic signals of railroad vehicle to be detected, and use described microphone module to gather described railcar to be detected
Bearing fault air-borne sound signal；
2) use described data processing module empty with described bearing fault by assessing described bearing fault solid acoustic signals
The probability that the correlation prediction bearing of gas acoustical signal breaks down.
As example, as a kind of preferred version of the railroad vehicle bearing fault online test method of the present invention, step
2) comprise the steps:
2-1) use described data processing module respectively according to described bearing fault solid acoustic signals and described bearing fault
Air-borne sound signal calculates initial bearing specific fault odds Ps and Pa；Described initial bearing specific fault odds
Ps and Pa can be any one in following fault: outer ring raceway surface abrasion or material peel off, inner ring raceway surface abrasion
Or material peels off, roller surface abrasion or material peel off, bearing's looseness, retainer deformation or damage.
Described data processing module 2-2) is used to extract described bearing fault solid acoustic signals and described bearing fault respectively
The signal characteristic of air-borne sound signal；
2-3) use described data processing module calculation bearing fault solid acoustic signals and bearing fault air-borne sound signal two
Correlation coefficient Cj between each signal characteristic of person (j=1,2 ..., n, 0 < Cj < 1) and the arithmetic mean of instantaneous value of described correlation coefficient
C；
2-4) use described data processing module according to described Ps, Pa and C calculation bearing specific fault odds, meter
Calculation formula is: P=C* (Ps+Pa-Ps*Pa).
As example, in step 2-2) in, described bearing fault solid acoustic signals and described bearing fault air-borne sound signal
Signal characteristic include: the frequency domain character of signal, the temporal signatures of signal and the time-frequency characteristics of signal.
As example, described detection method fills based on the railroad vehicle bearing fault on-line checking described in embodiment one
Put, in step 2) in, described data processing module is positioned near described vibrating sensing module and described microphone module；Described step
Rapid 2) also including described step 2 by data transmission module after) result that judges sends the step to distance terminal.
As example, described detection method fills based on the railroad vehicle bearing fault on-line checking described in embodiment two
Put, in step 2) in, described data processing module is positioned at described vibrating sensing module and described microphone module far-end；Described step
Rapid 1) and described step 2) between also include using the bearing fault that described vibrating sensing module gathered of data transmission module to consolidate
The bearing fault air-borne sound signal that body acoustical signal and described microphone module gather sends the step to described data processing module.
As example, use bearing fault solid acoustic signals that described vibrating sensing module gathers by data transmission module and
The bearing fault air-borne sound signal that described microphone module gathers sent before described data processing module, also included using number
According to gathering pretreatment module, bearing fault solid acoustic signals and the described microphone module of described vibrating sensing module collection are adopted
The bearing fault air-borne sound signals collecting collected the step being compressed pretreatment.
As example, in step 1) also include before detecting described rail to be detected by vehicle approach signal receiver module
Vehicle is close to the step of situation, when described vehicle approach signal receiver module receives the close letter of described railroad vehicle to be detected
Number time, perform step 1).
As it has been described above, the railroad vehicle bearing fault on-line measuring device of the present invention and method, described railroad vehicle bearing
On-line Fault Detection device includes: low noise track, is positioned on the path of railroad vehicle process to be detected；Vibrating sensing module,
Including at least one vibrating sensor unit and signal output part, described vibrating sensing module is positioned on described low noise track,
Be suitable to gather the bearing fault solid acoustic signals of described railroad vehicle to be detected；Microphone module, including at least one microphone
Unit and signal output part, described microphone module is positioned at described low noise track side and near described vibrating sensing module
Position, is suitable to gather the bearing fault air-borne sound signal of described railroad vehicle to be detected；Data processing module, inputs including signal
End and signal output part；The signal output part of the signal input part of described data processing module and described vibrating sensing module and institute
The signal output part stating microphone module is connected, and is suitable to the bearing fault solid-borne noise letter gathered according to described vibrating sensing module
Number and the probability that breaks down of the bearing fault air-borne sound signal evaluation bearing of described microphone module collection.The present invention is by setting
Putting vibrating sensing module and microphone module, when the bearing fault of railroad vehicle, fault can cause the vibration of bearing arrangement, axle
Bearing structure vibration was both collected by microphone module by air path, can be vibrated sensing module by structural path again and adopt
Collection arrives, and arranges the signal that vibrating sensing module and microphone module collect and has obviously relatedness, utilizes the two to adopt
Collect to signal the probability that breaks down of Relevance evaluation bearing, can effectively promote bearing fault detection rate, reduce axle
Hold the probability that fault is failed to report.
The principle of above-described embodiment only illustrative present invention and effect thereof, not for limiting the present invention.Any ripe
Above-described embodiment all can be modified under the spirit and the scope of the present invention or change by the personage knowing this technology.Cause
This, have usually intellectual such as complete with institute under technological thought without departing from disclosed spirit in art
All equivalences become are modified or change, and must be contained by the claim of the present invention.
Claims (18)
1. a railroad vehicle bearing fault on-line measuring device, it is characterised in that described railroad vehicle bearing fault is examined online
Survey device includes:
Low noise track, is positioned on the path of railroad vehicle process to be detected；
Vibrating sensing module, including at least one vibrating sensor unit and signal output part, described vibrating sensing module is positioned at
On described low noise track, be suitable to gather the bearing fault solid acoustic signals of described railroad vehicle to be detected；
Microphone module, including at least one microphone unit and signal output part, described microphone module is positioned at described low noise
Side, soundtrack road and the position near described vibrating sensing module, the bearing fault being suitable to gather described railroad vehicle to be detected is empty
Gas acoustical signal；
Data processing module, including signal input part and signal output part；The signal input part of described data processing module and institute
The signal output part of the signal output part and described microphone module of stating vibrating sensing module is connected, and is suitable to according to described vibration
The bearing fault air-borne sound signal evaluation that the bearing fault solid acoustic signals of sensing module collection and described microphone module gather
The probability that bearing breaks down.
Railroad vehicle bearing fault on-line measuring device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described data process
Module is positioned near described vibrating sensing module and described microphone module；
Described railroad vehicle bearing fault on-line measuring device also includes: data transmission module, and described data transmission module includes
Signal input part and signal output part；The signal input part of described data transmission module is defeated with the signal of described data processing module
Entering end to be connected, signal output part and a remote terminal of described data transmission module are connected, and are suitable to process described data
The assessment result of module sends to described remote terminal.
Railroad vehicle bearing fault on-line measuring device the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: described railroad vehicle
Bearing fault on-line measuring device also includes that vehicle approach signal receiver module, described vehicle approach signal receiver module include letter
Number outfan, the described signal output part of vehicle approach signal receiver module is connected with the input of described data processing module
Connect.
Railroad vehicle bearing fault on-line measuring device the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: described vehicle is close
Signal receiving module include the one in radio-frequency (RF) tag reader, axle count sensor, wireless communication transceiver or any two kinds or
Two or more combinations.
Railroad vehicle bearing fault on-line measuring device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described railroad vehicle
Bearing fault on-line measuring device also includes: data transmission module；Described data processing module is positioned at described vibrating sensing module
And the far-end of described microphone module, the signal input part of described data processing module via described data transmission module with described
The signal output part of vibrating sensing module and the signal output part of described microphone module are connected；
Described data transmission module includes signal input part and signal output part；The signal input part of described data transmission module with
The signal output part of described vibrating sensing module and the signal output part of described microphone module are connected, described data transmission mould
The signal output part of block is connected with the signal input part of described data processing module, is suitable to described vibrating sensing module collection
Bearing fault solid acoustic signals and the bearing fault air-borne sound signal that gathers of described microphone module send at described data
Reason module.
Railroad vehicle bearing fault on-line measuring device the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: described railroad vehicle
Bearing fault on-line measuring device also includes that data acquisition pretreatment module, described data acquisition pretreatment module include multiple letter
Number input and signal output part, the signal input part of described data acquisition pretreatment module respectively with described vibrating sensing module
Signal output part and the signal output part of described microphone module be connected, the signal of described data acquisition pretreatment module is defeated
Go out end to be connected with the signal input part of described data transmission module, be suitable to the bearing fault described vibrating sensing module gathered
The bearing fault air-borne sound signals collecting of solid acoustic signals and described microphone module collection is also compressed pretreatment.
Railroad vehicle bearing fault on-line measuring device the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: described railroad vehicle
Bearing fault on-line measuring device also includes that vehicle approach signal receiver module, described vehicle approach signal receiver module include letter
Number outfan, the signal output part of described vehicle approach signal receiver module and the input of described data acquisition pretreatment module
It is connected.
Railroad vehicle bearing fault on-line measuring device the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: described vehicle is close
Signal receiving module include the one in radio-frequency (RF) tag reader, axle count sensor, wireless communication transceiver or any two kinds or
Two or more combinations.
Railroad vehicle bearing fault on-line measuring device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described low noise soundtrack
Road is the track through noise reduction process.
Railroad vehicle bearing fault on-line measuring device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described vibration passes
Sense unit includes piezoelectric vibration pickup, electric vortex type vibrating sensor, induction type vibration sensor, condenser type vibrating sensing
One in device, resistance-type vibrating sensor, photoelectric vibrating sensor, electrodynamic type vibrating sensor or any two kinds or two kinds
Above combination.
11. railroad vehicle bearing fault on-line measuring devices according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described microphone
Unit includes the one in condenser microphone, piezoelectric microphone, dynamical microphone, electret microphone or any two kinds or two
Plant above combination.
12. 1 kinds based on the railroad vehicle bearing fault on-line measuring device as according to any one of claim 1 to 11
Line detecting method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
1) at described railroad vehicle to be detected through described low noise track, use and treat described in described vibrating sensing module collection
The bearing fault solid acoustic signals of detection railroad vehicle, and use described microphone module to gather described railroad vehicle to be detected
Bearing fault air-borne sound signal；
2) use described data processing module by assessing described bearing fault solid acoustic signals and described bearing fault air-borne sound
The probability that the correlation prediction bearing of signal breaks down.
13. railroad vehicle bearing fault online test method according to claim 12, it is characterised in that: step 2) include
Following steps:
2-1) use described data processing module respectively according to described bearing fault solid acoustic signals and described bearing fault air
Acoustical signal calculates initial bearing specific fault odds Ps and Pa；
Described data processing module 2-2) is used to extract described bearing fault solid acoustic signals and described bearing fault air respectively
The signal characteristic of acoustical signal；
2-3) use both described data processing module calculation bearing fault solid acoustic signals and bearing fault air-borne sound signal each
Correlation coefficient Cj between individual signal characteristic (j=1,2 ..., n, 0 < Cj < 1) and the arithmetic mean of instantaneous value C of described correlation coefficient；
2-4) use described data processing module calculation bearing specific fault odds P=C* (Ps+Pa-Ps*Pa).
14. railroad vehicle bearing fault online test method according to claim 13, it is characterised in that: in step 2-2)
In, described bearing fault solid acoustic signals and described bearing fault air-borne sound signal signal characteristic include: the frequency domain of signal
Feature, the temporal signatures of signal and the time-frequency characteristics of signal.
15. railroad vehicle bearing fault online test method according to claim 12, it is characterised in that: in step 2)
In, described data processing module is positioned near described vibrating sensing module and described microphone module；Described step 2) the most also
Including by data transmission module by described step 2) result that judges sends the step to distance terminal.
16. railroad vehicle bearing fault online test method according to claim 12, it is characterised in that: in step 2)
In, described data processing module is positioned at described vibrating sensing module and described microphone module far-end；Described step 1) with described
Step 2) between also include using data transmission module bearing fault solid acoustic signals that described vibrating sensing module is gathered and
The bearing fault air-borne sound signal that described microphone module gathers sends the step to described data processing module.
17. railroad vehicle bearing fault online test method according to claim 16, it is characterised in that: use data to pass
Bearing fault solid acoustic signals and the bearing of described microphone module collection that described vibrating sensing module is gathered by defeated module are former
Barrier air-borne sound signal sent before described data processing module, also included that Usage data collection pretreatment module is by described vibration
The bearing fault air-borne sound signals collecting that the bearing fault solid acoustic signals of sensing module collection and described microphone module gather
And it is compressed the step of pretreatment.
18. railroad vehicle bearing fault online test method according to claim 12, it is characterised in that: in step 1) it
Before also include detecting described railroad vehicle to be detected close to the step of situation, when described car by vehicle approach signal receiver module
When approach signal receiver module receives the approach signal of described railroad vehicle to be detected, perform step 1).
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